Jenner, Smallpox _ Smallpx as a Biological

8/6/2019 Jenner, Smallpox _ Smallpx as a Biological

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Edward Jenner

English physician

Birth: May 17, 1749

Berkeley, Gloucestershire Death: January 26, 1823

Berkeley, Gloucestershire


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Education/Practice

Medical education: age 14, under

Abraham Ludlow, a famous surgeon

Surgery training: 1770, age 21, under

John Hunter

Village surgeon : in 1772, age 23, started

a very successful practice in Berkeley


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Hibernation

Measured the body

temperature of

hedgehogs throughthe changing

seasons


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Cuckoos


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Black-billed Cuckoo


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The Cuckoo Birdtriples

in size anddwarfs theparentbird.


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Cuckoo bird

1787- Jenner sent a paper to Royal

society saying that foster parent was

responsible for throwing its own egg out of

the nest

Few months later, he discovered that the

newly hatched baby cuckoo wasresponsible, revised the paper


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Heart disease

Jenner presented to the Fleece society (a

local medical society) the first description

of mitral stenosis in English

He also described pathologic changes inthe coronary arteries accompanying

angina pectoris


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The lost paper

Lost paper: Jennerwrote a paper on the

pathology of rheumatic heart diseasewhich presumably included his description

of mitral stenosis


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Jenners Poem against Slavery

If, when me nothing had to eat,

For stealing bit of bread

Black Man you so severely beat,

Andwhip till almost dead;

What Punishment's to Massa's due?

from Guilt can he be free?

Who when he bought poor Negro, knewThat white man steal a me.


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Small Pox


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Smallpox

In the eighteenth century, before Jenner,smallpox was a killerdisease, like cancer

or heart disease in the twentieth century.


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Lady Mary Wortley Montagu

The Turkish practice of inoculation with

smallpox itselfwas first popularized in high

society in Britain by Lady Mary Wortley

Montagu, poet, friend of Pope and other

writers, andwife of the British

Ambassador.


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Cowpox

1796- Jenner met Sarah Nelmes who was

infectedwith Cowpox


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First Case

May 14, 1796- Inoculated healthy James

Phipps with cowpox, then fewweeks later

with smallpox, even after repeated

inoculations, he did not develop smallpox


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Jenner's Inquiry: 1798


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The original manuscript of Jenner's Inquiry

(library of the Royal College of Surgeons)


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Jenners publication received a mixed

reaction, somew

ere skeptical of thevalidity of findings

Jenners findings were soon replicated and

confirmed (publications of Pearson and

Woodville)


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The Vaccine Clerk to the World

Fame after the publication of the Inquiry

Advise and research on the safest ways to

produce and transport his cowpox vaccine


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Late years

Loss of his wife (1815) and his son (1810)

due to Tuberculosis

January 26, 1823:

At age 73 Jenner suffered from a stroke

Documents

Jenner, Smallpox _ Smallpx as a Biological