SMSSmmJSSk

It » 9 A SI r A A M l W O I t K O f

A O Y i i o i t i t i i M t i i i f i f J u r i i N

f if X ft @ f A

c n k 9 T t n XII

nxsvMtmh mnsemmTB

Tliis dl£f««witi«t«« i t ittm thm %tm&iti«mml danaefftti ** 89 f a r « • t ^ q u « » ^ 9 0 o f 0«3«l«tl%llti«tlftl d i « t a i t » t # l l p

ana eoflfftittttionai ^Immewaof !« eonmamAm this «iMitao»

t^r ia 9 legaef <^ ZiKiian hlfttovr «« "oeii «• ef Sndian

a«»ct#ty« A t»ri«f «iffv«y ot t3m Hiatorieal aaiHMWtdaiit*

of t i l * i vaaant atdtetxiv* is i^mtmiof in ow^m*

u XJLM I ff 4 t i a h g t t m i j i f g i g i 4JULi«

Hw ecmstitutionai dwalogat^t In Xiia&a vndkir

9riti«rti fuia fc«0i l i§9 t i l l 1939 pitotmm^Mt ott tNi twin

^cineiplaa cif eantraliae^i ^owfiiiMHtt and attteoeniticN

vieac«»f al»baraa»avatio qroviinaient* i'naar ^attlMi XXXXX

c^ tli« Xadian oo«aeil ^Aet« I M I * 1 ^ QmmmemmQmmeml

waa givan planary P^IHI'' to d^al i ^ ^ anratfanelns* tlia

aaflrtisian xwt^Ut (ut fwUtawti

*^otifil^at«ndin9 naytiiinf in tliia Aot •ontainadf

i t aliall ba lawful foir tlm ciov aisncif Clanaf'alf in

oaaaa of aaiax ianoi * %& aMlMt and prannliprtMi f faai

• 3f •

timm to timt oM^iMmmmm i<if ^tm pmmm mnA food

^mmmmmt 9t %h« A«id tmrfi^asLmm or c^ msi

pAr% tiMMPsiof i maS^Smm homtvmt t« t m e»«%iri«»

tlORS <KNIt«i««a i n ^Ml i««ft IWV^iditl? MWftiailf

Mid ««Wf3P MMll CMPdilMtfMMI ^ C l l )l«1NI 2i1l« fOCOtt

of lam with • Uw or f««|itl«ti«ii mta» iBff tlMi

pfovldttd* f^r %lic suae* of net itoc* thun six

«llot^M« of sitcii 9^S^*'rmm by K«r Hti««tir

sStmll bm •ar i iar a i ^ f i c a to th« Ofl rsnMifte

eoatfoliftd AT ii «riNidM»d Is^ (KSOM Imr or re9»»

lAtitKii mud* %ir tiM aoinwiieft«9»ii»r«I in Coundll

«t m tMAtiag for tl<t« ptiriKis^ of fMt^in^ XmtB

tmA Vttpil«ti«i« • • tiy this . «t pr«»H>«taMl»"

t lM M^pARsiOfl of aAsilliCtfVtiOB tflA stmt «li m IMlttWMll lst

»c'jv«aiiiit ^ItsaiiaifMi a«eiiitrftlittta aAtlnifttrttion lad ! » • •

pORttihlm fofttiriKMRt if«m aatnlr ff««p€Ni«lli2« in I t t t for

tSAtctftvt «ia piwemmml d^«r%»rttft froit tiio tutu priii»

eipltts by wi^ of <S«v totiQci of powers upon th« pr&vlme#«,

9|3NMM» % t93S tiM nm^ for fitii«fl«^ltid preyviiietcl

nQtonoaqr m^ tullf smwponBihlm jfOfweiwwwt itt tim pewfimsmB

«• 4 0 •

Tsmemm tli« e&wm»»9^oimm ^ tii* ^hiwifai«»iii of tw^m Aet«

ths eoxpiM of «ii# a w r a w n t of Xadia Act* i f SS» thm

ma^itm omsatm of ocHMti^tioiwl 4«f«t<^«Mnt &a Xmlio W M

cQ»dildon«dl TaY tHhm ivquit^iaiofits ^ i^ l t i iH iii^fio&iMit

tho <Sem«9ac of i^o tn&im fi«tiottoli»t aovoaMiit «Nt

miMMSMi Miib oonftt».|.%tt%ioiuiI> 4woloipEiiii% la l Ni <Pwiiui»MUi«

t% uppmvn ^mt ttm ommtitatlmml Aeto of Ci«Ma«» tiitt

oiaost of %h« ^ I t i ^ i%iiinio«o# livPB hm$ • 4«t^ lapriRt

oa th« stfi^tRiCoo sad powors • • lolA #9wa itt tiio oovanMMot

eM Xaaia MtOt I 9 l f aadl I9SS« tmH wem OmmtltmHm of tha

Zaaitn Sopatolio* ttNoa f iaalUr %tm primAplm of ^ a o r a U m

woo o«^oifJioa iOd« CoBodo oh iiod ^ « way of ^|«aftia? tlia

iaat^itutioao o£ fo^poaaiblo genmefammt. upon a fadajraX

atmotara*

"Shm Doiilaioa of Caaada ta a faaaratioa of a ia*

peoviaeaa noxldaf vndar a a^tiaa oi eonatilRitioaal a%aln«^

Imoifa aa tm i f t t ia i i ^or«h /smarisa Mma» I t iY oniiiMrda

(fioir aftar ttia pMt^igm of ^la Oaoatl^ttiOB #f Caaadte ^at*

t$dit i^iar ara eoliaativaly i^tmA tm *&MM%itttt&oa ^eta

of Caaada*)* IHia liody of Wm eoaatitittioaal law hM toaait

mmHimd aa aoitattila? liKa aa inatitiitioaal Iton ia

utiioh for ^ e laat IS4 y^ara haa 'mmi mmmk «ndi getio»aa

• it •

1

i%8 diviciiaii »f l«(^«l«tiV9 aotlKirity l»»t<tf««fi the Doniifiioii

end Proviiiees« not aaxisMil proiriiieicl m^otmiv tet oaxi*

mftS poiM r to th« union wm tim ineiii f iicttor iMtiiiiKS ttMi

«^Dfi«titiiti9fiiit ttcttaratt to s«fe^«tcd i t s a«iofi witli tlw

i r i t i s l i iffl^ictt a^d c«« litffa off «3ct«fa«l «fcif««»iaB* I t

iisi| Mi«iMl tli# Ocyv«fiK»fM3MMir«|*iii«CouiiQil to diMillow

my pstiriaeial statttt* tr i t^ti « ff»«r t f ts r «»««iit httA

IMMM 9d VMi bir tlw i»t« depwwmoip of tiMi p'l <fiflCHi in IMMHPW

oiso of liis poiter a i Sop«»4rintim<l«aee ever ^m imitM oad

in pitcstioiiee of Hio foopafs«i}>iU%f to pvovt^ imiiict or

um^oo proirioeiai l«9i6l«tio»« sinilarly* tlio fAsOowmor

i^o ifiHi Ta&uM n^jsmmllf to govoim tritii tli« old wia ikivli»i

of hl« mini&t3e\r ooul4 lox eo t ^ tiMignotioii of tho ftiniotcy

ofor aa%t*rft c*f i oUcy «Dd e« l i fff«i^ «l««t&aiii»'4 For «

eontiaora^o pmriod mitmt ttio ootobli^Mieiit of tiio ootifo*

aox«tioii prmrinces iiero tx««tod • • ooiMtli&tif tnoiogoito

to «»iftielpiilitl(^» md prmftneiml io9l«lotion •ontdaiiod

to IM Jioftlloifod on m«aif ^sooads fti^wogli «oii«titiitii3ii«3>

M ;»oets i#«re le f t to be docld^d liy ^ o eomriMi*

did not iM)c« esipffvmi pva/viwlmim for tli« mamagfmmim^ '^m

mmvgm^if power min^ ia^lieit i s &t# i*«r poMir« HIWHI tim

%Mur e^M • 4toetriii« of mmnt39RGf pmmgt wtm ifi««fit«^ tm

en»lil« Wm i3o«ifiicn %rliaMent %9 paatf th* Gw*i« ftii M r

i i l^t t t potimt to it#«t «li i»it«rgctiei('8 bf iamiin^ ftwMdiMstt

i«i^ iiipaot on tifi« CRmr«e of ecm«tltutiofi«l a«tv«lO{Mieiit

Ifi In^it f»o«« I t t t to if47#

3* 8 111 ti itt, i if ftJl lull i'i liiJ 4JUI* l i l t *

t^eifi? AdrAntdftt «>f th© mitbapeftic of iwir In J trop*

lwtsi>«a the Aiiif>d «R^ c: »?itr«! P0ii r9# th* colonial ir ' v**

rroMRt in Xadift pjtt the ^fetie^ of tt^SAm ^Ot oci t ^

•totiito boolt «m ta '4aff«»i I9IS tMe^ w«a postod i» oito

da? iEt Olio aittin^ of ^lo Xi Hiriol £*«0inlot»ro oftor

•is«9«ffuSitif tho a rttii ftiiosof proooditro* ft w«a a dra»

oofsiiii neaaur^ mmmt to att^roa^ tiia nattofiaiiat aotivi*

ti«» miA e ivi i iiliartioa of ludianp durinf tlia iiartlao«

saatioa 2 of tha Aot gava th* 39vanior««aaBaKml*4a*coitiieii

Hi imlilJl'e »ii¥i.BH M H cHtlMif JENHMMMI in fmiilMiiriiicw #f

ittiat stttMNMb Xa munr tiMMENMHit i% WM iMUi teci UMI %tlkiiii

etii«M «•«« •!•€» eov«f«di md ur i t * xt «•• • tktf^lf

bnii «l«i ana c«i^nM^v« iwiaMur* i trnt utt m mtdk to tftal

witii « mm n^im «»9«ca ill • <li«ii»t •MittiMiit M ta

fwMH «Bd QOAtff ttNi doai^tie iMiii«i««i sitaAticB $m

tm^mm X% mm fimm% ma^ only %» «iiftott thoM Mt i i r l t iM

muteti ii«M«^i«i Sf i t i i^ i»«r «lf«Mrt tet aiMi *iMNttti«ii%

•ffiHiItwily naiNI is <ta»iMMi<i<B witii faniial liMfttlctiMi

tZl otf i9iS« iflii#i Ma#Ajrff€fd nidtai poimr iKi MMffiwMMnli <i#

inAivi4iuUltt« s% mui MHiiAMttwiiif ustii iA fiHi|<ii> MKI Mnpii

of th* xaaiiMi i^r^ A«t# i9io*

i l l t M S<»f ted i l « * Mtftl WtOmf H M A«t § • « • pMMT

t o MManiSii OMMMMUI IbV tMSMltiVW INNtef t o W M M I A i t t M i^

M M I I A U N M Hilt^ p i t tS i i t i iN I Cdf iMEMMlll i ^ Mfl l l S*tl|llira*i

Wnitt Ac 'Mt id i IIMMmMMMl ffiOi4 iM MVt t t tMl i n l t N M t HHPfftM^

Mid dtettinsdl INlNP • fNHBiodl not CMMMftittf ^ s i * 9MI W)BtH#

{MKK!ill0 tB (MPdWP iMf #Mtlrt l9t i#l l« A i M i t tttll^#CMNl t M l

fKMPtv to Mtffon QnaNHr PiwPin vMnrin«i IMNIV WMI WP np»

p«caoB»ft H M a»q i t i « i %9f tmlmlf n i ^ the i(»g>l aa»n««*

I t tM •i^nd^ilduit M « mtummt of ^MBt tiMHi idi« mmnmr

&MWMilLs ONEHifwfciflR l a rmMnnlM XHBCMBIUBME MmmliMi fl^

intmrimmMm with ititfiiriaiMt LiiMctr « « * • t iM noMif' t »

Wit to (aoft£i»« f» imimm tiMni i n • 9trU«ttS«v 9^mm$ Wm

SMWiV ll^' MPMlW iMi MMbfe NtlsSNi lltl# 6V1NI%&(M1 CHI MNf Of IfWMSMf

< ^ flOlMf to ••% Up l^p«9i«l tV l6«Ml«t HW pMNNT %9

MMlludNi CWrlMill HMWMBNgNlgil ft QS fNHHydLlI fBffOVlllMNMIi Oll#

t^i« |>oif»jr l » «Qatfol and o«fi«c»r tiao p>r«M ta fta«y»I»

S* ft ill ml Ami mil t 4JLi * l t l t&

«o i M i i i»to{«h« ]pffolil«« of *o«ai t i<»* I n ^» i i« «aii to

Id tnqre aaiS awMe to mt^ i t * H I O rawiiittoo

9«^U6 on 19 3u%f I 9 t t « Xt «q;?h««la«i «9io SMMI nf iMWiag

• Doaoaiiliiii iwogaaaay DoiMMm not • • • vno&oMMHHit itf t lm

Of ^liO f«#0|% i l l

l u t l t q u m v Offl—gii" UMI €SflHllld%tMMl VMKMSMnAttf H S M M M M H ^

li^risiUitAtii on tfiw • a i t i of mim H»^ of %M Oi^mm 9§

nitii «h« iotttfit to pQi4ioii or «i«eiilci# tiMM* xt •&••

MMOMMBdMl tiMili im^ ft iwa^elirtdUM MUrti iMi tumHk In tlMi

OIMKIiy 0€ tihO dOVWRHMMIi; Ml O fW fVdwWMNHk* IS IMI MMdU»

ini««S Iqr • no«if liMitlOft oC tn* awmBBOg^CNwyolw !••€•—Al>

to 4tooI tfltit 9coop*oti«o 0—figonei—#

fho iiotod Hewitt i l U f "Immm M tfw ctiatool tmi

CinorfttiMr 9oiiMni) B&lt« M0»3 of l f i f# UMI aovoi on •

^dUmMWif Itlt9« s% woo ift4tco4hMMldi vod folNMnroA IM O

3ol««t Oi—l»t»i em 19 fOlHriMfy onA «• • pioood on l#

HoKolia Ail a sooetdon* o oomitegwiido nniJouifOfii woo f^AkOkOk<lOllin^kMK M ^ K ^ • f w fltfd^kOMHOHO

Al'tthouMSljIi nooivit %o IMI o poiniH»iiH% ttttulMM i ^

tooloit A«it*o os>ofotion HoA to bo Ua^tnA to o poriod of

thfoo fooM ^ p99^ftf tiio otyoottlon to t t kotn in %dio

OBA «B9ioed« Ao o nottsmr of f ootf Wm notionoliot o^itnw

lottor on tiio otototo isodk for Hio intondod thm—fooy

podtOtf* tlio l Ml iion# ni!Vox'ilMilMMM(# o Itondnnik ui lAio

I t #ifi«ff»%ta m hmtmA wwmwiwy in tli* l*fl9lftt«Nr»s«

of i l » «mMi%eMii«| (3) i t f»iii«tSi««d tt«« 1Ui0i«i Mitlonal

iWffwMBt Ml tiM osH iiffy t^gma^m^ itioli^twrlMiAIf' «o

9(Ai^itt iMdMLU mXX iiMf H>^9pi9hm ^piiMt tbi« mi|«st

^m$ aodt CSI i Mi !Mm tmm • mommdmit ptmimm iiMr mmn

ci«li«r slailAr aUKiltlatloa* and wwiiatiiwi fltiPtta t» O M »

( I I Z% •iMiiiloi ttMi CMpMiici»»%Rftgaii»to«cgaa0iI«

i f It* wm Mtti«ti«d ^ait* i t in i i ^ part off Stiti i i i mi io

*«nuc«lii«iii* ot *f««^bitioiiiirf* mmmmmm noio ^•iii9

pffM^todf tAfl tNit *o0iiodulO(S aMMmamfiF im wmmmHiMm

vtt%i MIQII iwi'viitni.t ifttfir piptiNMUMA to OOMII on ostont t M ^

i t mm oiQMilofit* $m tlio intosoot off smlilio ooffol # m

l ^ t offfoot* tiid lOfoiQ on ilio pi avloioRo off tlio ffivot

SNMPt tpooidt oooo into ffofoo is tiMi o#oo iQjNMiAffiOfi in tiio

*P^^WNOMPMOptP^IHpOMWW^ • • w" ^iW»'0BJKWi»Op^P^WiO ^p*^^» viPM|ptVPOW|M^B ^PK- •WW^^^F^^BBBPiB^iJ

JHMMI^ IftlSiill i t f li^^1tlBlfll#d offiMMHM Hi^lAl ttO l^dStfc lEIk MMMI^tf

( I I l OM notifimtion l f ^M aoyoi»oi»<Nwiofl>*i«»

QOHKiBiif i t MMlMUlidt I Nl tiOOOi 99iR0ilMi00ltO tO AMUMMI

oooiiffitf iffOM 0 ooopoetf ona Sfoteiot MB opft«onto

( fft n i «

•frvMi; iidl Nitt% iWMfJBili ^ a mioiMt IMMNMHI* I l ls iiiriiififi>M

0|M||% MM fOtfl P«Mli M 4 WtOi&tt MtCil OQlMI«tt«OIM AD WlfJjiMli

IMI unHWlftTWKli MKi M l W ^ •MMMtl Of tfty Bl^lM gp^ClJClafl

f lM flttitt (^Ji«%lQa tm t i l * Aot v«a « I M « tiMi dovi»fn»

Mll% ftStfWWtf h&& f(M* M6fW idUntfUliUl pCMMirA fdUHl HtWtJf 4MiJUI

faii i iw of i«Mr«i«I Um^ tim m^mw of p r w n i f t « i a f OCI^MUMIB*

<MNiit l^it i3^«»e* <aC Xei ia ^ «te« M i t M i i t l ii*9ii]«tt«ii ttt

isf l t i t » A l t ^mm mmtttf I n f l a l l w l f HCNIW 4tt«iti«« i B f l a i *

tmgf mm» mmmm* i a t «ii« aew—iiiint « I « J U M ^ to iiav*

aai¥Wiiat» m& aetiiNLt&Mi* Xi eos l i wH ^ eofitant %4tlb

tM t u t iKMntiini i»o9iM(f«4l#a br ^ ^ j i i4i«i«fy« Zt I«HI

Ml w M M t Uw« msimmmiwm of i i idivl4u«l U b ^ r ^ t a» i t iKe*

t&MI of t iM l9Mll# fXMliOMi of MWWMMMt MftS nHMMBll flHidi •

{Nitiiit iii»9ttitm ^ i«ai« of iwf*

• € • •

« JLlLt g t T f t t a t i i ftJH i i i l i

ismMmt' iiMi fiiiMirtfiiiwfyCihitliiBfniff'ft iMifHMHI M I AliMHMitt

^fiifttiff iMfiaaii of M M itl%iiili iMMciftl ^NPiviWMMi uitrxl

ftr&tttia* H M <:tfrtunil %M«ittlip« M I fwpRMMMitod bf t ^

<^n f#«ilii« «i<s ffii»i«MiSiNi» mm mmm^'W wywmm mm HHI

m^m» Hi« rt«pociellill£tiM tmrnvte *liw AftliitMiene^ of

^hmmml mm^im^ t» not lil» •iitv»M«t<dltotkffr «»i opMitl

pCtWIf of ««ftifl«M.«fl la fWjpMt «f l«tilftl««ilW PMm

fHMMi'l* CmAttiF MMHdLm 24 eM ttlMi dMRwmnMik otf Xn i l a iMHk* pfiwpwwiiw ^mMn^v4» OT^^W^^MIw i * ^ vmm w*<i^» ^^iPwTPwwP^ww^ UN* • « i » M f c ^ '^^v^ip

I f l i l tnH fiiMRo&ol pgoiNNMilt iwmimt owtifqi f t l iiqpiilo*

MMIIHMI IMP fli^dUUiittMwMiiitJUBMi aotiay* 1 ^ l i i f f iftnoOliMnt n l * i

OxiwIlMMMMNMHuli l 90MNP GUI Odi %# I NO XMnwMI 43MMB*iMl Ai9%

OC I M I » atoiM tlMI ifl«fOatt«iidS of ^ O l^ iOMO l » I^Mi

t i l l Uio mmmmmmm of liio <Bmmmmm of ladUo Ao«f lfiS#

• 4f «

• • mmif «• Si ot^imtmtmm w^9 iiMmtd* ma^ of HUM

1

0i aiiafKt Ma# Uf i l l tiM »ftirf GMmoil atm^^M muA

of mifBmcy and of HMI iNMd fet «i Of imwrn if^ mtiMm

tcoi of th« eii^l «i4 AiUtttry t'J tiwmmt of »»ai«*** IMAMT

I I IB |Mr<ivlii«i«l ci9i«iiior« ifi«iaMi4 oboolstta pmmg o««r H M

pf«f«lll«li«l 4 ^ « « « *

SMWAlMi laiaftg'init •JUMMRiiui iMl lUlMi ¥ l fi n j iwi l j i l i f f i H i i i i n f i l aw

<if MMUtSMHSV mniTJl Of tiMI iOVOMOf k^MMUTAl {MMIittMl 1021

m^ iwiifpmcy sxniora of tNt pratindlal dovoiwova

SiipfOf Mi oSoo 4MiiFttOte iHhMMT MnitlMMNNi 'ilio Mlwtnf o%yi%loii

<Nlf fO NMHI't fltff(KIMI VQO V O(Mf# «Vi fli 4!lf908 Mt#oE OlMMPRtAvt*

flMi <Miofno»*^l«ii«ffoi wottii iiinMi o ^mmeit of iiliii«l^ni#

ttofe OHOooAiaa %OD In noaAwMf* *%B» old oa<S odhfloo* feiio *L&

1 ^ oMtteioo 1^ h4« funetiooo* mtm&t I A tiiooo ooooo

iflMfo ho wo io^Nitod to oMOCvioo Itio fwietiofio in Mo

*aiOOIOtiOO* OC ttlMfOiOOd IliO *ilSdi^<IOOi |odfl|lMB0fc*»

Wm l^oo iMfc tfoo ted imm i Mmrvo4 ^ vftosiHMi o teoodod liy

Adfioot* oliooitt i y iil«# liiooo tme sa^ooooiono ooaotliMw

if l lMii tlMt ooopo Of *4ioeffo«ioo*« ttto 9o<MmMwMNmoi^

wm Mititiodi to 00% 01 )011% oo^Uim odtioo imM liio

sUaiotMro* four mtliiootot oooolf* dtetonoot o—loolootl*

ooS ojl-foliOf oxtMMoi of f o490 ooiS IUFUMII OXMMI uMltf iMi

gdUlmliKj ffOBi tiw liiiifiMMwnttil niinfo ood it§niiffi itofitfl

ifff f^io ftevoofiicNiMiOttNfoE in hSo IIIOOIOIHUI^.

• SI •

^m pHmmPf HmM for tlia mimmimt 9f *i»Aivl^tti

and tjra»qiiilitr of tmSim or « i f part iiiwro#f t (2) »i«

•«f«gii«r€to9 of Him fiBigiei«l gtalsliitf t M e<«dl% of

^10 fodomi ^ovofitMRtf O) pr<^«0tioii of ^lo r i ^ t s M A

le^itlAsto ifi%«r«ists of mmimtB dith» piiMte awrftooo

•na ^s^ir diftp«iaoB%oi I t ) tlio Mio^ociaiaf of ^ M U^%m

tlaoto iottorooto of alnoritiooi (S) mme&tiwm ootioii to

givo of £«et «o Ic^alot ion ogoiAot ^ioorifliiiiotioiit Ci>

tih« pr<sfv«Btel<3ii of *ditorifldUio%ory o^ ponol tcootiSMMit*

of Siifliati or &Aimm99 ^^o^o innpoftod into Sci^«# (V

protoetioa of r i # i « i of fnaion itotoo mnA wi^f mA d i^*

8 i ^ of flll«C»f (d) ff«»3(V»l of a&ffiOttitlMl itt «llO IMqp

<M! oetiiif in *<3ifleini«ioii' oni oaoreioii^ *fiiidliri4ittt

MM vo«%«a ittth indopoRcNfit I«f i0i«t iv» onldiofil^ of

pwmml^tims oitiifi«ieoo utiles lootod for oiit mmt^ vmm

loot «it«ii^id t»r filio A«ti»l«lMfo ona oiioetiiig Oovomoci*

^MM»r«l*« mt9 to a ia^iar^ liio fnaotioiMi fo l l l i i^ l i l^iia

$^im mpimwm of tiis *a&aerotiott* or *iiiaivi4Btl j«^gHiii%*

«tiifili topwi w#fo twiiiliililo to «id« iatorprotction*

it •

d9V«fSHMMNiiMi«ftl i»9ii«d • PtmtUmtitimt off %MPi«aer la

irleif of (M ae^aai CHT laniiMiit wmr <m ^»m iA%Mii«l €liii»

tttClMKMMI* i;il« MlbVa* Of ^Hitf iOtt (St p(ll*«ff» IfOttltf C W M ^

mimptmSmd ^atinq ^ M i^rlodl I0»« pgoolmm^tm warn in fovo* '

vnA the c«Atfitl i«^slttlRiff<t ««iit4 l«fiol««» im tny nMttiir

incrluatdl in the pcio<ria6l«I l iot* rina&If • mmOmt m«^mi

12i of tlM Aet# t ^ ;lCi«v»fiicNM2«i«r«3l miildl< «t imf «!«•«

isiMA dici0%4ona to fflwyiwoiol gcwpwminnti i f ho dMBiwi

MMS dULC CtiOKIO QCOOflSSSy fOIT 1^0 pOOOV (MMi tUKVWIBiultif

of Xttdift«

flM e9Miiti¥o M^ioritir of * rsovinoo imo mummlmtA

iir tNi aov!«nior «• ^lo ft^wPt—Bt^tiy of tuo xiniw no

ifoo to hovo o <3a«ieil <tf mniotortf •» ] tM culoo of bwi*

Boot foir oiioeotion of oofti mmmif tiioni» IMMM olai lor «o

thooo soiotiog to tlio Cooaeii of ^o ioto iv of ^ o Qcmmnmw*

fho otxiUtidii of 07o««liy « o ^ ttio oontsoi 4^ tho

i«lftiotor» m»mmt^itmBi9m ititi^ tho prottaoioi ioyaiwuofo

oetii^tioo« Diofo ««ffe ao tooofto^ oobJofl Mif ^ o entlxv

floid of oAsiniotffMioii noo trm^otfoa* Ist tNi Oovomor

im€ hio *i^eoitti roaponoiMUtioo* in mwsmmt of «^ioli

# • Soo Af^MHliX 1«

m t l m

h M ^ l ( i ) tii« pftwMitlc^ of M f 9gmm mtnmm to tiM pmmm

or t««n^ttlitr off tilt« pg&Hmm « t my pt t t i^wtsoft (31

tli« aMi»pMi«ii^ of t ^ l i^ i t la i i t t latMNWis oi mmfymwB

of %£MI pQliUe AofViiws cad &%#ijr dit&m^m^ (4) «iwo»»

ofJUiliMiitl.om (91 ^ * •eooirJlii o lli of thti p#i<Mi 9xtA ooA

90VilXJIIMI'l% of IIIMI pttf%iAH|f OMSitltdNSKS VNMtHf (6) pCOfci»#»

tioft of *r i# i t« « ^ 4 1 ^ % ^ * df ffuioffst (71 •afwition

of *tmm99 md aif««tion« i i i f f i i l l i ' t»iNi«<S i y tiM oopsioap*

Zn •dditliNi to %ivmm 'tpeeiel ^i»^iea«i!>liitJl«9*#

«Ni OowxiK^ «•« fan^owwfJ to oMMPSiM Ilia *Xiiiiviaiiftl

iliidpitAt* ta otHiO' Mufmvi t traflii •« ipotlat fiils«« Of^wi»

flovft* liFomotioii oir pMiJltflHiMit of fftiftaifi QHlfj|oi.a&0t

i$^p(d^tMnt of distr ict J«ag««p pi<ot«M}ti€«i of iMidlioliMni

rnoA pmn^tmmem^ ote«t im QCRIM taitond tito ooopo of mm9»

ei— «^ tii« *<!l«0f«tl0ii* i f hm tiioii#it tiMrt *ttM pttMw

€Nr t««nq«Uliitr of t m mmHfmv* wm mOm^mmA W CHriiMMi

C«f 9iO*09flNI intlHfldMMt i&B OPiJItlllOII tMl ffONNBNHMMRt (Ml tlQf

iMf ««t«l)li«ll«d»«

tlM provision if} owMi c^ f«il»x« ^ «li« oo»stitii«» S

tiomil mmikin9tf in ^ o '^miiwim^mi (Motion 9l)iinf» oiMiitfr

f« zi»&a«

* S i *

to tHojNi »il«tiii9 to tJb« F«dimitiQil (aMltldtt 131} witli •

tiMt p9w«r« of t ^ y«i»fiil Ooiiftt iiNll* tlhm 99imtm9 mm3A

not ««i»aai« mm pmmxm of tiM it&glh Court* Wm cimsttm

cttlfttiiif to tlMi fftt«tttr«tl<m <^ til* c:acuiti«uti<Ni« with ot

ifitfioiit amm^MmRt Iqr ^^MrlivMRtt OR th« ejii ivy of I ^ « M

y«wr« t«c»t th« i9tii« of Proelin«tioB« aia a ^ jMcttr In

Pme% Xtt of tiw A<st ir«l«tiiig to ^i« ^lovwniit** mtmfimmth

tbm dowtfiior «<»iild itfid^ &it «iiol« is(i«lliiattry <^ pcovliielal

«itteiidiif i f ii« pjroisltiiicd ^ # tmmtMmm of tii« «ott«tititti«Mil

mseliliHixy ift tiis ^lovtiKM i»iaor Poetion 9S« t m * rocrl»»

stmtiofi hi^ tli« itf foot of piaeifKi tlw E ovinoo «o«pi«toly

ittMlor tho Mtth^ritsr of t^m e««itc*#

to eonaiu^# if« iinA ti^at !t«n tiid Mwia«iMMi tMNMi

lipaR Ifiaift* hor l««dkini iMora iiieltnoa to pro«»f«« •« m»0n

of «Mi ii^«lwoo»«titiitiofiai •traetii««« m wa» poosiliie*

iNi tiwr w iE pro^iiett of not only • GGmmxm^iwm ma^imm^

U i t w»v«8MBt liot $i90 tr«iii««» io tHo ^riMiii 9oiiti««i

triNlttioiit f ritdieftl ^mmr^rm^ on tii«ir p^rt ffo« Wm

•tsttta ipo eould b« mspme^mdim nam WUB this ooiytittiiit^ ^

th« ooioiii.fli]. $^me^Mmm tmma'm$0 i^tm$ Mio m^|««ti»awttor

of tiM fuwt eH^t«r*

• IS •

•« U L i g tt I i » f f SLX I tt i I •

(kifmm&W''^lkmmwml l« i l l * di«ef«%ioit of «« •awg^wtgr iBi l«r

Q< i«gNrltf w«r X2 iM Bmmm in Miii«^ af««% ^rt t t ia mm a

lMilii^l»s«»«« H I * i!tt«iit« (mA «iil««%&v#» offeiw i et «n4

^w bsotd ffisa ffiiti^iia mmmimmf pmmrw mmimmmA an tli«

Sjcuotttiw 'H^ b« «qpl«lrMi^ t3i tlw c^snstittttiOMftl %ia i«

os«tt%«a 1^ «lMi f^«i^«tloii of tJM •l«ot«a flil»i«t«i«« 9f

UMI Indian ^atiotial ^im^stm in ptotaat a^idfttt tha la i i *

ia tar ia i dfteiaration an th* mt% ^fthc govtrnHMwit of

Ziidiia as a i>elU parent OK «^e ataa c>f tha Aiiiad f onc^a*

It. vaa %^ f i f a t rrnci limit ton &i. %ti ttMuratfiey ttadtov

li Mi OBaatNllstttiion cMf «9i9« witictt IMMNHMI sMMPaa% 9t ttia

eaitati«iitiQii e f imm la i ia* mK$ 1 ^ iiafaoea af X»iS a Ae%«

St)9# IMGI I . waa anaatatS ^ wmmt tha imiifaneiaa of %}ia

wjMTf mia df Mas ca ^ ^ iiiMia of iilia Ddfmow of liMMla -MHEt

IMS* witii a^biptttiaiiat waa bae«aa %ha pxotowtfpa and

noaai ofl^ia i>»f«ii€« of XaOia %%a# I M | A 9 7 I «

Xn liaapifif nith istui Siritsiato lsia^%ia% tlia Ovation

of &ta ^pMratioB of felia Ptoelanatiaa vaa f iaa i «Ki<lar

%$•

mOht wmvkom (41 of MMSti I « l i i ttm im& of « ^ s>c«««i%

mmt and «iit Mcmttit ^Mc««ift«r« Hi riNM tl»t t^miimm of

Iniitt /wet« I0i2 oofttiimed in 0p«r«tiiia t l i l 10 SmmaXf

I9is •vaa tli0it#i %)!• Chiefs hoA A»elMW$ mniXittMml

e««Mififs in Uonmf^t I9S3*

Z« im^ iit •aatltion to ^i« provl«i«i t^r tiw «n«

f#tt«c«4 i eoMeitiiJlM of %}«§ tmr effeirte« th« «jti|«tttwe of

cmMiiPin **pBfc>tl'C Mif 1^ &oA twtMn§ik* WMS dMMMWSiNS vtit9»

mikimg 90if»r« sttE f 9tliMr I^ii9»# t9 * p f ftttiiig i M Sj waa*

iiif ifitiMsiit lawful m^imfttf ^t mtmam of i«la« r^Micta

4wr tt pi ««CRi%iott of ai^ iwrpdM lilwly to emmt di«»

•ff««feloii or alarm* or «o ^f«Jttii<s«: ft&a !«i|aat|r*» f«la»

ftimui witsii forai ^a 9mmtB$ or vltli at«««i in I»aifi# ^ «o

l»r»i«di«a t l ^ «aliifeaiMm(9« of paaooful oan^tioBa la « ^

t f l t e l areola* or to pfooota faal ln^ of aaaltr and hatred

i}otws»a» dlff«r««t olaa^i^ of ifia »ia|«a%*a a^Jaeta**

"Sim mlm^maklni^ pow r ttaaar aa«tloii t aipa»adl « wida

araa of aacaetitlva aiaer»tiafi to control a latoai raiiffa of

aetlipltlaa «a<t aroaa of pn^llo Ufa# for )K»III Cantral at i

f^roriiseial aaitlioritiaa*

tlia iSraoQttlaa Sa«tlaii SCI) provldad t ^ t I f wif

paracaif %^^ ititant to «^fa ««ir aotlnat tfla ^ « a i ^ me to

aaalst aity atata at war vith ifia Kajaal^ oontrwfanaa ma^

prorialoe of tha ii^€9 «a<ia «ttid«r %fftlflii 2 «r nqr o^dar

iaaaad mmf mf aoah ^il«»iliaU ba psUahi^a witli ^tM^or

• if •

iMot? mttt OP fNB m&tm mmtfrntmit • inmitmts

* * I LJLJMfcJ t iliAiittiirttimnBliiifl JbiiiiAiiiiif ••im^iiiillliiiiiMi

gimm9 «fitli ^M ww^iim &i Vhm mtlmAi^ •tetitttt* t»mmmwmaf»

«CM«tii«feiafi«UtA tr mitt ^ %m «f« OOMMPM • U M to

Wm Xnaiin liit^wy ani «Mil«i!f • twMtma lammm imAlimw

witk KtMMW ia^M «f««r th* ir i t i i^ «ul« UMI f inay ••t«il»»

of «<»i««lt»tl3fi«l ^kamemw^f i« ^Uiai* l««ie steeottg roots*

Aii«bo«it«r&«iiff8 in eslNSiaoa in tnaiaa tiictotyt •oeiats^

•mA imlttif** t¥M «M «ii%« sMiaiQval m^ istm Irltisii poUtimi

••MMi to p««f«r stfoim e»l« mt}i«r isihm xmXm of Ian* DM

arltiiA mlorii «[sfof«ea ana p«r^«tii«t«<l thmiw HI»toidlo«l

aoi^ilo iitafiaai^« l» iii^9«lfi^ • oolonialf q ?ff««eiip«i« ««itli»»

ffltmtim^ oxploitativo r^fiiw lieHifKf tho tmmA» &i oonati*

tutio»«liffi« sua ryl« of icv* '^«<« i s oono tmtii in A | « I

31oi^il2*« oiM«riraU<3ii th«t *Ati previowi XAdiaa ^tentem*

mmtB have been d««pfttio« «IK9 I M «i«i» XnaiiMi Otijaetioii to

* S9

tlM ml,* wiiitfli 9—tmA im 194? wm aot Hint i t « • • ^t^sotljit*

tool; tliat i t im« %iti«li« £ ^ i ^ t « tlMi %hm&fpi^Aim 9t MM|r

^%at«fn poMti««l i»ciiieipi«»« ^ M XRdi«f «aiw» iii« iwSh»

^awat i« < «Ma(ar«N) ^ atti^niiiUaai or mmmm^Hmih i « $»f«*

p«f«i 1^ omnm&m itiet tiMi at isr ««•% tm fiirMi adto^ct*

powera to m l * i i ^ to m% i» mmr§miel»m» i% iha i i f i»i«

^p i» »am ifiliia9A«M ta Mitvitat prnmra t» lfti« f»lMr

thm cnHi vsiUld ciqpaot la • aMialy %ritiili flKNaayndll^f MMI

m •aeal«niti<»i ^f %tm eaat«tp«tti tafi^aaey** m «ti«a at

iaat ftaaaoai 0mnmA it^^om tiia oooatvy and n i ^ tiia ««: i |^

taaea ^ tha i^rt i t iaa aattimieiit l ^ i ia^^wa #f atioAf

poUtieal appoaitian vwilirtiadi* tlia fu i lnf aUta ^rafanrai

• oavatan^mt nil CKkaaantxat<^ xKHMifa latfiair tlutt ana fattafad

frith atMK»2»ta faaaaaaatal i l 0 i t a MT Jaaielal raviaif*

flia aatf^paaey pi^ovi^ona of tiia la^iaa Caaatitntias

aia tatt oaa faatura ot tlia atrong aicaaatiira ajrataa aiaetaa

loff t^ Cofwtitttant ^M«i^Iy« tfiay axa a eaaalt »f a aom*

pcaaiaft trntweaii tha prineipias af aonatitytiaaai foaamaaat

ani ateoaf msa «ffeatlira gosraimiattt* itNm oaa ^tasfita ta

faeoaatfttet tlia iataatiaaa af tiia ioai^iat fatiiam» mm

baaaiiaa antaafii^ ia Ai l &t ttm aatol^aitiaa «lii<ii «lia«ao»

t«risad tha #»^taa pfaeaditia tha fraalaf of ^m f i aa l

I . Alaa a i a a i l l l , m^ »fa^||lff ^ J f l l i » tha i»aaaia^naat of i t a i«ir« and c;anati«P»tiais# and aa« (Laaaafi» ®ta«tiia» Sti4)# p«l*

• $6 •

9l«i««»« mm «{»•«• VBltir (3/mr tiM i««it« of i>iw«ntiv»

f}i«l ir«vi«v ana the f«i«te^ IvaiMi ot pmrmmtA tfBmm&Mi0

Of oouira* »9t« A« dff««illl« Aii«tia IUM infenvd fioa

fete iHSsJIyfftAa %IMIMI dMbvt Mig Sts *s oJlffwr t ^ i ^ 0V111 tii

ISOfMBWCAIt I t%t # ! • iSmlfMI fOf ptMnNNISl ffWMlBn IMIftBttflMI

(31 ^ 1 * atlvs for iKHrifti rvfom asi msildlnf up • wttmwm

«ffi«i!i9 ftoMi tYi« diniaive iwnwMi of t9^im§ prafvioetf

ImigisdfCt eota(miiiity# •^n io i t y m^ «KtnMt«t p9Ut l« t l

flw ooneaim for attloiiai imitr ma6 stfoni fewwiciwuat

e^^sil* of p«rfofwiiif i t « fi«wlr iMMMMl ^ t i « « in plmm

of thtt old f«?aiatiire or ltm»9»6<»ot4lmr s^sitfiliitrttiQii

iift«iiir«llf ineii»«a thft f rwtert to sterile* a ««iii^rQi^Mi

tMVlPlM'MI prllHI1»4i r l t^lUI Mud 1sll# |Md9 Ul# 9^NMlf IMHNNMHI fMUN*

Ii«a««it«rr MiprvflMiof «iid IttdioiaJL r<ivi«ii» tootiiOM f p o n *

• i ^ H t r Ai^ pl«n«ff oaiirfvf^qr 90v*i s« ^^^ l^fMif htq&mm*

« ^ i bf tiw i^ttiiAi f^ i o«»» liiiidf Cfid «»rt of tlio provt»

•ian« of mm eolonial vtatttta uttrt U f ^ d in t«i« «ad i t

2* OraiifiUo ^^tiii» ? ^ li^lii>,„^lBB^^^

• #1. •

w i U not tm an mm^timuKitm %o «MNirt thftt Pwrt wnxi

at the Indiatt CoiittitutioR im wi «nlaxv»d audi iwviMMt

•a&tioa 9€ aaetioat 102« 4S mid §3 of %IMI q q o i m i i t of

Xiiai« Aet« i f 9S»

^<»tliiii9 latst tiM tir^t for usfattftrtd power an tho

part of • Rotioooliot ol l to coaid ooeonnrt for tlM oothori*

torif i i footufot borroMod fross th« formor c»oi<»iol vieore*

9ol«i3iiro«tter»fcie rsfino* At t l i * timm of fiid<i|M )d«ise«

liKlio WOO la toraoil Ofia trvnoitioo* I t rMOinedl Ootwooo

tHo two woriao mmm troditioooi oaa ao^xn* Divtoivo

foroeo «id fionipofooo tonaofieioot tho holosooot of

sortition* war <m Kaaiisir* ooomntaiot aobfor«loR« dotorio-*

ration oeeH»9«ic oondltioost woroaoioa loiMUi4<»orior aitoa*

tioof proeUiritioa to laaaa vtoiaaeo mmm aJli tliia lod to

tho iooorporati<» of atrli^ant mmrg^icf ^rotlaiooa tn

t ^ OoRotitution* llio govomnaat of a provla^o miiSmr

t?io influaiwo of aa ««tr«aiat iaoolofy or a ragional*

ethnic ttpaorgpo aigtit flout Hio oatiooai coootitatioii« i«fa

or diroetiona* ftaia thm iwmmr» 'java . a ^ l o i ^ t 1^ r o ^ l a r

an^ aueeeaafui fonetiCRiing of j^fovineial ao»afHW«ta> Tliia

laa to tho inciuaitn of ^rt iela ISA*

Zt io a^ainat thia f( l>aek|roim«S ^ a t tlia priiaarjr

qoaatiofi w«a eonaid^rcKl by tha CkmatitiMRit A«a«mbiy ia

#9 •

i f i? ia %lMi mmrlf stu^s nf <sofi«tilMtiQ»*milcIii9 iili«ili«r

«ii« ^•9ia«o% »h9»i# tMVtt my »sMMi«l p#r«Qfi«l, pewHm to

aet inOmpmi'^atlf 9t hiii mtaictcy fox* sit^ |iitfpo«»« •»

tii«£ .rcv«iition of • ffwm i»tii«e# ^ th« pmm* mA tfnaqiii*

M ^ of tnHia €>r mxf pmrt timtm^tm TIM vmitm ConstitutiOfi

^ooiftltta* •« i t s ^^«tiii:«i cm J^nm t . d«ei<S«4 ^Mit ti* irtMMsStf

ncit hami aR f Mtc apeeiaX poiMrs ana that s i l lii« e^wcm

tlofia if0itS4 b* exareissd only on «h« adNrieo af iti» Comell S

^ i<iaist«c» •et i i i j in fwmpaasibliity- %o tlui l«9isl««af»«

thmm wmwi mlm m n^conaaiy m^^timtat vM tH«

d(»vittffaojr of m mtrnf to possess tli« withority to dt«iMni

«fi ««wx 9« y im nit aam itii&lativ* and wl«}imft pftmHrntB

mmmtlftion ifith tile »(iiiiat«i»i or wiB ho iM«*if to

report to i Mi Prmai&miit ^m •mlBtMmm lor ^lo 9t*«« thiroot)

of Ml «3iojP90i)cy# loaviiig i t to mn ^tmmi^mkt to toko tho

wmemm-Bagf eourooY

fl>o fpiostidR of e^mrqm\ef i owors of • tov raor

woft diMRiosoa bf tho ^fovioeioi Coootitiftti««i GOMiittoo ot

i t s ^«eotifi3 ^^l<^ «M» «3Htto 9« 19471 m^ folloifiai tliooo

aiaoit9«ion«« tho aftttM* if«« coiiold«tr#d ofoia ot o Joint

iiMgfttifi of tlio i siion Const! t»ticm Cosanittoe tmA tho Pt9»

irinoioi constittstiOB Coinvltttw- ^ o noxt dlii * tiio dsoision

soo i«^irs fiao, od,. l^Hrtllf %fAm§'§ ^ i U l B t l f l l i ,

of ^im mmtlmi wm tHmt I f tlM Qommmr ippn^iXtod «

9V«v» Mtttae* to ^i« pmim m^ tffioKiitility of « pmHmm

0r »f aaf pturfe of it# l i * would oona • report to tiio ^rooi*

dwit and f»rtli«r aotioii uottia bo toktn tif tho i>r«oid«iit«

&•«•• tho tawomocnt ot tlio eootfo* TSm ^roviiioioi

conotitiitioit coiotlttoo me^ptH^ thio viow* Xt «««« fiitfidior

mmdm eioor 1^ tlio Cott«itt«« that ia oanaittf hta report

i t ifOtild not ^ o«e«a»aiy for ^ o dofomor to iot ^to

emaarsmia^ of iiia ^Hoiatftes*

tTia Cia^sa as araftaa b^ ttio trovioetal Coostitii*

tloo Coanitt«« la i ta rmp^st hmtmmr mmtemlt mithorlaad

tho dovacnor to malca a fiqsort to tho Praaideat i f« l a tUm

aiootiarfa of hia apeeial r#apoaalt»iUty for tho s»r«vaotioii

of a gravo iMoaoe to ^lo .paite« and tran^ioilit^ of tho

Pfovlfiea or of Miy i»art« ^m wn^ usable to sot tho oaoaoM»y

logislatiott pa«#oa ^ tim 9vorifieial loftaiolNira* tlio

fraaid^it would ttiaii tak« approi^riata a o t i ^ mdor him

^•arganof poifora*

tlio pmmtB of ^m Hoion mmatmrnrnt in a aitiiatiOB

of amu^eficf vara itielitd«a 1^ tlio SHmf t in t Covait t^ i a a ai^ari^o part of tho it>raf t Cooatittition oooaiatisif

of aix artioloa («rti«laa 2tS to 280^ nmrm tho Co«nlttao

provia#4 for tha two aaparato aituatiooa anviaafoi in tho

Draft of tha conatitotiooai MtH9*r «MM a matiottal aiaarfoooy

•ff«f>titi:i tfi« •eoarity of th* Unim or p«rt of it« sfid

an atmtT'^mcf aitti«tioii e&nfiiMidl te • 3t««A» Omft • r t te lc

11% mse^^mmgrnA I He Pr«si^ii%# wtMii h« ««• • • t i s f i*d tli«t

t.^mtm w»8 » fmvft tdMirgi^ef tdti cvajf tlt« iNNairity of India

ismm a i coeXvMitioe of l^rf«iicf laiitifif a declaration 1^

ti%a:% #ff{$«t* 3 a ^ a proela^^tion had to !>• laid bafor«

i&atiN nmmm of .^arii«aaiit ana wotilii o«aa« to Of^rato aftor

aix a^mtha tialeat; «i» >rov«d b/ f»aoiuti«Hia of both Hooaaa

of Pariia»eiit* tha draft art ieia ^ad« I t elaar that a

PtoGUm^ton of tawrfaocy eoold b# ie«iiaj; «»a« b«for« tha

aetuaX oeairr«»c# of tfar or <Aoai«atie vioiaiiea i f tha

Praaiaent vaa aati^fiad that th^ra tvaa i ftaliMMit dangrar

tr%@raof«

fha intatiticRi of t^ &rafti»f c^Maittaa waa l^at

in a nationai ermtp^mer ot thia iciadf tha Cantt* ahcatld

have f u l l pom^r to control and cSiraet a l l aaiN»ota oi

adtainiatratioii and lagialation throtfihciat tndtia, Aet;or*

difi^ljr* lifilii^d with a r t i l a 21% t«aa art icle 227 in tha

ehaptar mt tha dlatrihiition of lef ialat iva poirera mmpmmtm

i n i ParlioMOfitt on tha ia«ie oi wmM a i^roolaAation of

Mi^gmef* to fsa^a la»ta for tha iihola or m^ part oi

in^ia with raapaot to stuta l i a t aattara* ^ low «ada in

ttiw eacareisa Qf this pamex wo^ld caaaa to hava affaaft

• is -

on t ^ M^rat ioe iff m p«rioa o! aim miimthB sftwr t i«

ptamtamvtimi tsmmm^S to eip«r«tie« 'HMT pever of tn* 9t«t«

{•»<|i«l««tuni to Aakft !««• <m tNNW •tt%»JeelMi iimUd eoiitiiio««

Ihrsft i^fftiei* 27i itvw tii^ tfnion 9&fmwmm^ f u i l

|»o*r«ir aurinf a period cov« riKl isf « Proei»Mticm of £«•(<»

-j^iey to icMio air»etioiiii to ststo Oovofiniimto • • to ^m

mmemr is i^ich tn«ir exffioutlvc amthoilty iNm to bo •»»

eveiMKS* iSiis t r t ie io slao m»m i t i*««l for ^mrliaaeiit

to etitfairt £iiiietian« with r»«|»oot t^ ^toto «ubJ«ot« to

tho tmioii Mvermi^n^ a»a i ta officers*

Draft Article 2fJ§ following tho r«ooii^s«fia«tiofi« of

tlio iSlKptirt Cmmittim oii flii«inei»l pi!t>vicic^o« tsvtcmmtmA

th% !ini<}» 3oy«mai@iit ia imch m ciMif^ciiey to vorf tito

pfovi«ioti« of tiie Cofittitutloa relatiaa to tlio distritMh*

tioii of ec;rt«iin he^ds of reirc iuo btttuNMHi the C«iitx« (uid

tho St&too«

Dvoft ATtioio 37@ a#«lt with tho pmmm c^ th«

tiftlmi Oovosm^nt t^en • proeiosuitiofi wto i««ii«d hf tSio

dte»vor»or of • stoto d^oittrin? th t t on m9»tq9uef tituatioii

had arivoR io hioh po#ci@ imd traaquil i t f wmto throatanod

a»d ttw gov»eiirii«fit of tht . 'tata eoald not ho oarriod oa

in aocordascc %flth th« provisions of th« Conatitistion* cm

^iWKi t)i# fNgMKFer of Wip^ntodlf}? tii« c t a t * legit:2«taBf%« ana

mi»iBttfm m eoii ia i»aiic « proelasMtion • • • v K i i i f t o l t i«»

• # i f mm pmi^rB o f t f i« a t f i t * ^oi^eim^f i t e r « i f s t ^ M tm^Sbom

rity§ a ^ « r trian th« nig^ cmxtt, «IKI d««l«fi9gr t^ f t t ^ «

power* o f t.^« st i l t t ' l e f i s i a t « r « 3 would ••m mmwei»%t3l« <mlf

lyy ?«r i l»«0at« ^ proelasiation #d luauea ^ ^ « ?r#«id«at

eotaXi «l«o siftise i t ie idcnt f t l or i»Ofit#qu^ntial p#^^l«i{ms«

Ineitadinf prov la lon f o r tHe 8upe«iti«ws of th« o i ^ ra t lwa of

(mf sa thm ar6ieX«« of tha coaa t l t u t i on i n t i i a t d ta ta*

t!Mi Proc l raat io f i of tha P^reata^iit vm raquieea t o

hm pJLaead l»«fora ParliMMiiit and von l a ceasf t o oparata

a f t a r a i x lai jntf it i mt i f reaolut iona in t ha t laehiilf m.r9

pm»9m^ hf^ both 'JOMB'HB of Psr i ianant* tha pr'^ala^witio^ wmi%A

©ontinaa i n f^^rca f o r i p«r iod o f ona '/ear a t a t ia»« ^o

mioh ptoeX9mQti<m eauldi c<mti»ua !^y^cfta a t o t a l SMrriOidE o f

tftraa y^cNifv* I t w--.a ala*- l®i4l --Jawn th# t ^ r i f i ^ tha per iod

Ifi' vhieh auoh a proeia»at iof i iiaa i n forea* Par l ia iKmt

OMldi eofi far f(ifietit3>na ana l i i^^aa dititiaa on tha Viiiem

3ovarttiie«t a« w a l l aa i t s o f f i c a r s i n raapaet of s ta ta

»y«&J#ct»| «» i t f m ^ a n • a r l l i » ^ « t waa not m aaaalem t l ia

^'raai^ent eouia praHRilfat« or i isaneaa* t l ia a f f a e t of

tt'iMMi proviaiofia|w«a th« t i n aiteli • a i t isa t ian t3i« a ta ta

l a f i a l t t u r a an<f #3iaeutlv« eould tm aitparaaaaa and raplacaa

1 ^ $»arl i«i«iit mn& t l ia Union Qoimvmmnt^

Wf <•

st«t« ^oynwiffifuf # t^^i • ?ro0i«iMtion of Vmmegttmf wss

in fovoc di»ei»ilfit • f«wr* threat to tti« 9««ifr and tiraii*

quilitf «if tmi9 &r M(f $»Mrt of th« eoaatrf to aet in

CKHltl!VVmti.3fl of tiMI fmidiSNHR^Jl Clft l tS pf^OlNllliOMI 90fMMrm<»

iii9 fvtm^om of •p«»Qh cndE «xpms«ian« trmmAm^ of •••^ddtyt

ff»«dcMi of m&9mmn%0 frocdt a to fotn •••oelctiOBa imd

itnionvf «l«o til* ri#it of r««ia«iiai« tiio fight to wmm^m

«nd lioid i^r^^rtf and to pr»otieo M ^ {>«^«Mion« tv»4«

or l>UOifHHMi«

^ ffaft ArtioI« 390 mtsfommrmd the ^«oi«ont to (S«o*

1«^ by orter thfit tho rifht to mavm tho oourta for titm

ftfiforcicmiitt of funatnuntoi rifhta wmX^ wmtt^M mtitiondMI

^rin? tiMi porio<i tfiieii • iMroal««otion of ^imtg^fmmf wtm

tn foreo mn4 for • poriod not tuaooflia^ sist sont^ tti«»

fe«ftor«

€o»ir!i«iitlRf on ttio mm&t^mmy provioione in intfo4«

ueiaf tim oemtt coontttutlon ^ w&we9B»tm «« 194t«

i>r« 9, A4ate»dk«r stiat

<* ii foi«r»l Wfntmm ifmtwSii^ ^ « ^ ••it«Ni» nro

piMwdi in t sii^t

K Mit tiio eif«R»Mt«neoOf i t e«Hiot eiia»fo i t s fofti

ttaa •hii$»«« It eon nov^r IM iBiitnry* On tiio othor

hiiiidi tHm :itmt% Constitution M XiKSia} 9m h»

horn iaiit«rr M ymtl f«dfir«l aoeoirolInQ m tUm

wq^tmmmtm of ti«@ «»d einns«ctiiiie««« Sn »««••

mai ti«ft0# i t i» fr«Mid to ^tk M « f«a*r«/

iy«t«ni» ittt in tints «»f w«r i t i« •<> a«ftiaB«A

«• to na3t« i t woit us thmiffii i t vas • itnit««y

iywt«n« Onen tiM 9tn»idw)t i«»it«« • Pwmitmmtitm

iiiii<0i }i» i« cttth^risc^ to dc tmanr ih* pca^ciona

c^ wrtiei* 27S« l m i^oi* newm nan bnnonn t«inn»

tommd «i^ «?!• ntntn i»nnoiii« • isiitnfr ttatn* fhn

tmion wadmr tiM proel^mtion enn einin i f i t wnnt

(i) titm power to infisintn « on iKif aiiibjnet ffvnn

tlKM^ i t sMy hm in thn stntn listf Ct} ^m pei#nr

to glvn difnetion* to th« ntntnn «• to feew they

i Miiia mwoeisn their «ii«eativn naidKirity in nnttniv

ifliii^ mm in timiir eiwr^ni CD thn pmtet to nnapiodi

^m finnenisi provisionn of tUn Constitution* 8n#i

• pownr &{ eommxtin§ ito^if into • nnitarr ntoto

no fn^^tion |««sooaon« tliio in ono ptAnt of

aiffi»«oneo botwnon thm oaorntion pfopont^ in tii«

svnft Cofisti^tion emS s l l o^^r ^niotntionn ^m «

Iman of**

*• g^ff*if^*gffe§^ I f f (imxninnf Mr gnfnggndi tn

2« Riif j , i i i i i i i liYiiiiit g i t i i i j i i iM l l.i,.tii<

OiMi i»^iMii«fi% mamegmmf pwoHwlon of tiM Zti^m

Cofuitit^tioo i» ^M atithafit? ai««B to tlM Onlofi Lftgis*

JlAlium «Bia Stat* u^BUtis^x^t to aMit« l«w« proi^aiitf

lor pxvftMitiirai d«%^tl9fi waib^mBt to i»ift«ls Mtf«itia«i»i

*Pv«v<Miti«« d«t«iitiaa fdx" wrnmmiB qtmiwotad nitli

tii« sttoisritf of ft 9t«tff# th« ««iiitaii«ie* «r

p ^ U « 9f4i«r# or ^lo «oiiito»«aco of oupplloo onA

•orvleos • • •oat ia l ^ t } ^ 0Oi«siy»itar« or for rmtmmm

mmmmmSi vi^ ^•Hmm§ Vorol^ Affolrs or tho

Bmmrit^ af ZIMSIO** (iovontli ^^c^Zo of idm tmSiim

C(^urtii»itioii« U o t 1$ ikitrr ^' ^ t tzXt i^ t i f 9)»

Tlio Constitution Hoi providNittf tltot notfiiim i s oiotioo

( I ) «B4 i7) of ^rtieio t2« nMoh fttttroAtooo yrotoatioii

oipiiiot orr««t and a«%«Rtiofi in oortoin ooooo« olioU oppiy

(ol to a ^ porooii itlio for tlio tliio berlnf is on oiionf or

Cl to «sy j^roon «Sio is or? eotea or aetoinoa muBmw «oy

i«ir pmnHdin^ for ^^vontlvo ^tontioo*

Cim»o (4) oC Artioio 23 fiioiMRtooo ^ o t **iio lam

Providian for prftventivo ^toDtion i l iol i ootMiriM %im

aotoiiti<m of 0 pmsmm for o i im^r poidod tlma thro*

t o *

•f«« mt h«m tmm§ 9r arc quciifl«d to Ii9

•^>oifit«a M« jaAftts of • rii,#i ootiirt hmt

p«flod of ^xmm m&nttm tlwt tls«f« ia to i t s

0|^iii<m toffieient e«ia«« for audi d»t«iiti«iit

Pitviidm that aiitliiiiff la th is maib'imlmMm idiail

•athOJTis* tiMi da^tttiwi ^ «Hr wmtmom h&ftmd

tlMi wwattflw p«riod t^tmmHtmA mtf

of eicii9« f7)f or

Cbl mtdh ptt^temem Is <l«tiiia«€ in we^^T^mmm witli

tlM proviiiofis of wKf Xtm iia^t liif ParlimeRtt

wa^t fliii>««i«a«o (•> md (b} of eltiiMi (7)**

Cicuso CS) of Artlelo 3S i«y« 6mm l$i«t *i^i«ii wsf

ponwn i» #^t«i«ioi ill p^tnmm* of wi ow^w wtd^ imder

tity iMt providiiiig f(Mr prsventivo 4ote«iitioiit t »o ottthori^

is^kii^ tho o f ^ r giioilt o« OOOB m ««!f bot oommmlcmtm

to fiMsH pomoA tho i$tmmA» on iSiicH tho ordtaNr li«ii ^<m

tt«<li» «Bd shftil «ffof^ Hit thm •ar l i#»t opportunity of

««.ltiftf f«p««»€fst«tion ogiiiiwt t2i« Offdor**

Ci«uoo Ci) roatioi "bottling in oiouMi (S) riiftU

ro«plr« i w •^'cliovity lioicing MSf ma^ o«a«r • • is roformi

• f t

to in th«% «l«Ri«e to aipelO0« faeta %^ieli tueH aittliorttir

eon«M#r» to tse sgaiRvt t ^ piilil.i« itttc^jr^st to ii.aQl««ft««

ClMS«« 17} f^rtt^r prcHrid«s ^mt **r«r]Ll«aia«t «wqr ^ l«w

(ft) tl»i «iirm»B»it«iic»« inia«r nHieh* and tli« «!••• o#

f0r a period tmg^ ^^w thrwti nioiitliB ^mA«r my

Xm proviaiftg for p f w ^ i t i ^ «#t«fitiQii wtttimtt

oli%«iiiiiif tl)« Q^iaioR «»f «R Adviaonr sotrd i i i

aQeoffti«iio« witli t!i« pftwicions of iittl»^i«it«« (m)

of clMise i%)$

(i^ tiw maxiiiH^ p#ri0a for «4iieh «iir persoii nii^ in

mtf elftss or eiMe«s of e«.Mi« )MI 4«taia«d uniMr

rnasi lav pr^>vi<lifi| for pf«v«iitl.v» d*t«etidtti «i4

(e) t ^ |9iffoe«aitr« t& b» foUMMd ^ an Aivlsorir ioa^dl

in Ml iiiiittiry ttiia«r •iib«KBl«(tMi (a) of elaiiaa (4) • *

Pravaiitiva d#t«is«ion ttaana #»taAtiaii of a paraim

withoiit t r i a l * xta objaetiva ia to foreeloaa tlia poaalMUt^r

of a eocaalttal. of a wfott^ by a pmtmm %^1<^ ooaaa within

«!^ of tiia grmm^M apaeif i@d ibf ^m ConatitutioR* Ptmnm»

tiira datantioii ia an aKtra^^r inainr d^^partura fro« l ^ Huia

of hm ana na^ator^ of tha paraoaal fraadteui ao f^uid^a^ital

to aaaoeraey* i*fia arrofation of tuia paiiMi^sit ataavfanof

m *f2 m

trnmat Assanbly iknd aos)%lf»»0 to tm toe^mA wltli tfbiio«t«n««'

lof foiidgR dMixiptrtt M {»fiiif«iitiim (Sft^ntion mmA daaftat of

^"^^ ^' Hiiis— fiogoni^ i s tcKidthifi ultifiti i« 9»fiiltt«d onljf

during grtvt • •ff«s m «a of viirs SIKI ifi^iis«t tmh9%%lmi9§

ndt aarln i i»«ie# tl«9»

^•ifi« notniiif but tfic iowtm of tlie tff«iditio» &f

ir«tifi? m$ommie «n^ l«iN»^N$«€if#ir conattisna •«• aieeoaiitslilii

for thic rmiae^»gm^ g^memmmmi,

Dmism^sm withmit trial was not acMiai iAf saif intr^*

^m96 W thm imm&im iattiara* Zt iMa «m liHiaraiit featuna

of «i« dfiap»tie»«oi rti«i«>tKin>«aitratie rafina of the eoio*

niai era* !>r< entlira datcntion was provided ai^^r tlia

%itiai %9ttiat;l<Mi XIX of lots «fi< al^aiiar lawa in itedraa

and HaMfcmy Praai ianeiaa* ^ i a 24 frmaea wnaar tha ^%faiiea

9f Xaxtia Mt* i9Sf# witiiorla<ia tha dovaxMoant to

iatain a paraon iitM iicver i t waa aatiafia^ with raap«Nit to

trta& piMTtiemiar paraon that audi datantioa «taa naeaaaary

to psemmt h$m from aotln? in any iMHinar pffajvtfielai to t ^

<&%Mmm9 atid aafety oi ladiei* tisia %laK naa etartaiaiy a

«ai!»tiiaa asaaitra w^aaiiad <m imr iagialationa of tha &«ie#

«id tha ii«0«A« iut avaa aftar tha and «Ml Morlifl « ^ IX«

pfavacitivft detaatioo ramainad aa a tfai pon fmr ooppcaMioR

of pmr9xm9l Msm^^m on wmma/tiw^m tt^9t^«m^on of bfttMli

of piibiie ordMr* public mUtrntt aafl %li« IVm lof Vtm t roiriii**

ei«l 1«liit«i«Ki«? of Pii%)llc or^xm ^etm^ fb» ipott-MBoianial

«l,it« ^ a not mi9h td sisi rwri r this pdtviit mmpon in tlM

araoiii^ of fsim ^vermmt hmm»m of UimAia^e notlott*

of rtii« of lm$ or eiirll lilM»jrti«t*

iSiat pfmvvmtiw ^et^ntien «nM • t»li»« for ths ii^«»

«Mit 4«noef»af beeais^ i t w«s now a Hwi aniffd !if cswrtAin

eon«tituti«»{iftI. 6iif«|ii«rd«« ti s th^ pl^m t«kmk }9f Or«i«it*

i«b#d}s«r «^itt repiyliig in ttm can«ti <En% Ntwrnn^l^ to tiM

virul^t efiti«iiiN» tm6m niainat &m provision of proven*

tive (3«t«ntian ttaa«r reif e Article l$«A i0ii«li ftct^oM tim

pr»«<mt Artiels :i2i

•rirnt* vy iry otM of preir^itiiw «l«t«ntloa nutt too ottthorlsod bjf iow* St ei^ftot i>« at Uio ^ l i of tlM 0]l«0litiV0«

SocoadiyM mmvy caoo i>f i»r«v«»ntlvo dtetontion for m c»erioa longer thon throe fnontiio wiot tio ploeod boforo o j««!ii^ol tooasOt for oatinc^ri^ to ^itoin iMfooA tdiroo sK tho*

l^iriliy* la «VM^ O«MI« wiioilMMr i t io « oooo ti^c^ io ro(;ptirocl to bo pisoodi bofmro ^ o luaiiiiol b< rdl or f}c»t« PArli««M»t oiioii i roooriiM ^lo atiilnwi poxioH of dotontioD 00 that no por^ii 1 0 io aotoiaoS vador •Of laar roiotiof to provwitivo do^mtion om bo dotainod indofioitoly* ftMir« ohali «l%roy# too • l a r t i w poriod of ^tootion t^ieh i>arli«»est io fo<|iiirod to prooerilio !r/ i«i»«

PWWflHIt ly^ ilhit4HBt»OII' ikS ftOQMHBUim UMOMMMI IJI t Ml

Ufiit«d St«tM of Aawcim <»r thm tiaitaa Kin^aoai* ia t i i iM

of pmem** ^)i* ft<S^pti<}^. 3a a parwanant £ootlR9« of I M

jpowar of i^e tKaoutiv* to acvaat pavaona «^ «»ra aai^eiafi*

luid to eataia Uioi nitlioat t r i a l for ioag perioaa* ahioli

i a l^laratadl in oth«r oeiiotriaa anty ia Mierfimieia** oiumot

on prineipSat Ha ju tUf iaa io taaia aaa aonttX fftatura of

tlia la^al orAer*

Dw ecKiatitatioiial aumaata for l#fialation provia*

i » f for prcvBBtiva ^etmtioa liaa tmmt a baae of tha poUtieai

wftttmi mmr aiaee the iaauiaratioii off th* Coaatttatltti is

i9S0« fHa f i r a t immmm aaa tha ^fwvaativa i>ataiitiaii Aet,

I999# a ta^porary iaa ori f inal ly paasaa for om y—r ornlf*

t t a tarn naa oKttiKlaiS a«varal ti.ata t i i l i t aaa alionad

to tmptm ia 1969* th« iforaaaiaf poi i t ioal and aeonoctie

ec!f^itiona laiS ia i97i to tha aii«ai»a»nt of Haint«eiesi«t« of

Xfitamai Saaaritr ^^^ (Kxm| haviiif proiriaioiia liroaaif

siitiiar to tuosa of tha ^tmmti^m «%tafitioii M t * ^m

mmm^9a aariagr th^ ^m»t^m%C(f of i9tS*7$ i t bacsiaw ^ a

priaeipai politic® 1 aaapoti for et^ptaaaii^ diaaant aad

ailtficijif pol i t ie«i o^>08itiaii*

S« iJig^ XXt s ^ SIS*S««

lust (oiyxiosAU »• w •OWMHUT aiiimst of tini «tsii* tftiii«

turn msh «fM« in gamMTsi* siiMMl «% w^wttn^ini M t l i r i t i * * *

vwiffl i im, rMliitti«*tiag Ift tovim mttum^ mA tut I l k *

And fwMiJMMk on idis iitAlaiiMi iMwdi* AoptiMir MMUHMNI of tiMi

Hit* nmiswm i» tli« l>f»v<Kiitl<sii of ll«i^c««Mfk«ty|im «ni »^I&B»

to d««i with Monm^e etinoa* KISA IMS gap—lotf km 19t8

Isiit jn^laeo^ Iqf tli« irnttonul SMHin^ not itt i ^ ^ * I t woo

«t»oa«ai in lf84 t€» iM9i« i t laoro sttis^tiit j^Artioaiftrly

in v«l«tioii to «¥»«« doeiorod m» aittuftoa* tlio l o ^ o t

dUroeofii«a mwoiire is th* ?^iBt«iiaii#« of £o*«iitiol wmtvitmm

M t f I f t t * tlio fo«r t9YS«7i sMili^ f^m mwrnimm mmSamt of

peiltiieoi (Sotoation^ oiMf withaffowoi of Ivdieio], ooottol ovor

provofitivo d«t«fttioit#

iMsoisoo ti€ tHoio fScoeofii^ otMiaiaf i«^oioti«iio

Vw Xniioii «^|iMi i^urti^** of tho #i«i>aetoc of m pmmmmA

mmr^mmf CO^IMO* mtt omlf roJoowinf footoco io tlutt

of tor ttio 44tli Omotitiitiafioi AowKtaiiBt A«tielo iS t ( i )

foofootooo ^ o t ^10 i«ooid«iit J^fiU »>** ^^"^^'^ pmmt <teffiA9

on onoifoimr to aoolofo tDot th* x^#it to itoto oi^ ooiti^

f{Mr ttm 9isimfwsm»t of 1^« fmt^mmnUA « i#tt« «o»f•ix«<l iqr

Articles 30 Mid tt 9^11 im >a^wid>a»

X^poi^tiOfi of wurteiftl lew in aa •!«« titfi*f« till* eon*

audi off^or or wiioro ao aaaiittistvatioii vxlvtaif htm bmrn tiio

tXl^ttifMlfl SKIWCO A INI Off QICKfM.OII l4Hf JPifllti Of tiMi llTilBiirill

Cg««it» i^ioiooo io ii!t%iiiii i t tfiio oooa M oa oMtraotitiiory

inotnomit of oQii«titiiti(m«i tfiot«tor#il|^ in W9Wf mmmp^muX

or oxtroordiaftrf oitnotions* in lotfio imdor in t io l i Coioniol

ruio i t s itao • • «a iiiotffietwt of ooojwion ««• a gonoroi lulo

rothor ttiMi OB oaeoptioii* fliot i» nt r i t %*•« lAliorrodl by

tho fiotiofwiiot i«ii<tero Alia tlioro io no i»^ l io i t proHoion

for i t in tho Indiioii conotltotioo* i Miovor* i t io in^t ie i t

in tlio bonoUtution of iiiai«« • • Artiolo S4 of i t iaairoetly

xoeogiiisoo tho v » l i a i ^ of mortiol iowt *itotifi«h«tmdiii9

MilftJting i» tho fotoioin^ ^fovioiooo of tMlo f*ttrt |ip«rt tzi)«

^^oriioEMnt m&f ^ ^«o ladofniiff any p«r«oii in tHo Mnrioo

of tho Union or of a stato or any oi^or ^omon in roapoot

of any aot dcno by liin in oonnaotion ifi«to tlio «*in^inaneo

or matoratiQn of ord^r i a tm oraa witliia isNi tarritory

of India t^ar» ^ law waa in f oreo or vaiidato aiqf

aantcnoo paaaod« swaii^went infiietod* fonlNtara orterod or

otiMir net don* mtdmr «txti«l UM im wueh ««•«•*

III Ml •«••( «fiiflif«t flMMrti«i Im im tf«el«nid niUtsfr

«itl^dltiMi tern tim timm bsing m^mm^ thm «liriii«i

«t%hii«i«i«* Aett of aMMrtiAl law au^^ritimi •«• iiia««Ri*

fi«M9 iijr an Mfe of SmSMMifiostiofi pMs^ tif PmttJLtmmt*

«}»fing « •«•«• ef iHMWf«tiey ««• li»ii&« to iiidtoi«l •^retlj|f«

ooet tli« •mmeqmmf l« r«v3lc«d* i« i« eafioua to not* ^wt

^thmrmmt in thm ttiioA «f<>rld ^mmaew^of h«c iiMii i'<^l«e»d ^

illet«t0f«lii3^« tiM tffftiisitiffifi M* iMMHi et§mnm$ thvoit^ tiMt

laq cNiitidfi of ttsrtifti Imtp mmh «• in P«1ii«t«ii« aMi9l«(S«idi«

ft

zt hM iMHm 904ftt«a out alfMiAy «!i«t ^m irmmrm

of tiM Cofistitation of Zi Ni|»«iii3«iit I»di« thOiH9li oofleiitt«4

to ^w 2ib»f«l«»a«flio«»iti« IdMl* ««i« ii«v«rth*l*M prison*

•r« of tftt^iitiofi* tliny iRiiit i i« atrtietiur* of tlM

oaoggoiigy {»oii«m« «v«o «»l«i9tta oa<l cotioMliiMitf it« t^ ooffo

m tmqimB whi^ wo* no loof^r oolooiol in «li«j»Mi«or or

it«<«iy t«»giil«toiT in iNmoti^* ^^Hltt t3m ^ootieos oa to

(I) irtiathor tho ^Mur iRiesf provioiooo ««• «t oi l iioeeovofyi

•, 73/3/,

C2> Mmt far %im ^fmm^'^ gnte&^m^ ^ «li« 441iii € Mi«i%ilN»»

titmst fmma^mtmt. hwim m^kt' f^tmrnt ptxml9l^m • • § • §9W

H^ Cdfistiti^icNi 9V9wi,M9 i9t ^wm» aiffiifwit telniit

of *mmw§mmi99* mt tm^wmt •i^«tl'3ii« i^iicii ^ i l l for «

mmw^rnxd^mB m»M- m. amtmmm^ w^ct this mte«m§Qt§ e i tss i*

fiention) «WM> C&l 9m mmmsmmt ^ « tj» it«r# ^iiteivaal i^f^

if««»if»i or mm»d wmtmtUmi Civ«tiel« $S2) • tills in

*ii«tia»«i* «iai^ef^f «0 aistlitfuii^ i% fcQ« ( i i | I i9 *<

f • Haiti i»f ^Mi «iiefiN»s8i«s mmi te« ,i^rtiel«liMii only iQf

m f f

flMi C^stitutiw! aliK> tmll<ta upem tlie PresidNnit to iift»liv«jr

mm 9@«NSC di nUif the i pturatiORi of tHiitiS9«ney« %!• aiMMUi

to i3« hi« rol« us «ii<3«atiire hmt^ of thc s tatt «IKS ac tlM

intfift-iitatc eiiordiisator* ^^lil* tim PitmuMtrnt i s th* pWQ»

eittimlfif amtftprit^* 9«jrl>l«ii«nt a«%«j^in«s tfui darft«icMi of

ia«C9«mcy* No on« el«« e«fi •hurv this mmshMiwm r i ^ t of

th« i?ir*«ia«fit* The •««%« lo^emors ^ o y no «ii«h powers*

?Mt evspaasibiiity for pto$mstlm§ «n iitaf* or atysn^itii in

tho i#«iftC9hip r-'Sto ptiAftrily cm th« IMMTSOII* titio eonsti«

tot* the €iirroDt of fl«i«l. iMidor^iip* An oiMfigroney in^iloo

oaMijr F<mt oetion mvA tho ^ swimm^ it of th« ^ ^ #ioiild bo prtiM

foeio tmotodi to aot bottofi^o i» tho ai*#i«irf« of itot«o»

IKMIOibiXitiOO*

tho powor to piooloiii ooioffot^r i« 9iv«» t@ aM^

iwrooii or oudN « 'iiody of p«r»«8)a ^ct o«ii tolso f i f» aiid luiole

dooioio»o« Jisdieiory io not ^ivoa thin i owor «• i t i s

eono«ni«d onlir ^it:h the eaoiAiotrotion of Juotieo iA tho

ot«t« o»^ not with polit ieol <3uooti$ io« So tho oiit«tatlvo

ofijofo 0 opoeiei position* fho rositltio^ srrwifOfsafit BOI«»

m»%lf teltos 1 ^ fortR of tmtpontf incroo^ i» the poifors of

tho esMffiutivo* Tho prooloiiiiiif sothoritir i s tho hood of

tho fl^ote* In Foriionontory 4o»oeroeioo# i t i o o»Hrelo«a

bf t^o hoo^ 1^ tho stoto or ohiof oii@«tttivo on tlio tAA ORd

advi«« of ^m ^b|j|«t« CowuPt* li«im 119 pomjt to <iii#«t|oii

thtt vftXiaitir of mof stieii proell»M%i«Ni«

eh«r«Bt«r« xt may b» «ith«r for ^ « *iil»»l« of India* or

"mxf psrt of t}t« torr i to i f «lior«of«» i^ttrtiior* m proetmm^

tioa of mmw^^misf mmf be- iHi4« ^smiom thm aotoAl oeeitr»»co#

i««««t * i i th« Ffiesidoat i« oatiafied* that tMmtm in iia»i*

nent ^migmt thereof* In othor ytow&m$ mi emtioiprntor^ pf9»

ela^itiof! of mamt'^pimef ifMil^o posisi^lo* tlnui* tho d«n<i«r

mmf tm mtu^X or l^i»ifteat« t^ia proviaioii got* efiwi laayoi^

tdt« 3ov«ffn»eitt of Ziidlia Aet« i93S iMmottte th^r* ifos no

aitpliolt provision for mn sntleipfttoiy peoclmmtiom of eiaor*

3# A ijpioeiiMfttioii 0WI -^ iiMNioi I4M«I tho Pf»«ia«iit

Is "SAtiiifiod** % • C€KrMtitiitiOit <aoo« rtot »mf Horn tlio

Pr«t«ia«iit i s to iw astisfisa ssa irfhst is ^ « s^^ ier of his

»»tisfs«tiofi* iiit bf noir i t Is iw i l sstsliliiNKl that ttis

sstiirfftetioR of tho Frosidont sesns tiis sati^sotioft of tim

csBtrsi CiiiiAst*

4# Artiois 3$i stands ^m a diffarsnt footing* xt provi^s

th&t tfm ^rssiaont em ISMIS a proftlMistiefi of «aisr^»ef

ittiort ho is satisfied on • r#port of ths tlovsmor of atho«w

wis»« ^ « u»« of tho wsrdlf •othorwiso'* prolMibliP r»f»rs to

• •%

Articltt 3SS and 3Sft« Affording to Art le l * 19S wmmmm^XlmMm

with thm atf«etiofi« i«fiit«4 tqr tt i* tfntem i^«U IMI 6mmm^ to

af ata and INSVIO* of tlie eaislfittt i t «oiiteif« ttuuMi* 9fv»telitf

mtc^ •itttatimi utiXl im ^iom%wm^ laif A f t ie i * 74« >r»eti««

»inc« ttSQ »Hi»ws lsh«t th« ti^t to pr%>el«ifi m» atat* of

ati^fiiafiey in Xnaia je«ata with tha tinian ^aMiiiitf <liia to tha

nooinai poaiticni of tha ^raaii!aiit« Heva tha w»g4 *9raaidaat*

m#tfi« eai>io .4 ii:«9ptmmiiil9 to ^r l ianant*

In India f'taarftficy !>«>'•»«'» aic* astafciaad in eloaa

eooftSination battf^an CaMn^t mne FaiAlaaiont* Parliaiimt

la tHa r«aarvoir a>f powara tint i t ia n<n alwaya in aaaaion*

Thm Fr^aiaant in tha JSntar«at of inatant fovamaant iafntaa

a PM^omlmmtimi of i^aar^neir tmt t t» cKmtinQation t»«fon« a

paritm of two mmthw 6mptmdi9 upon aiHP V'Oval Df l«rrlifla«n%«

Xf tolc %blia ia di»»o%v€4 at thm tiaa# tH# ^foeimaation i«

to ba iaia before ^Sf sabfia within t i ^ montlia and i t aiauit

})• laia bafoxa hsfk %^iia itithin ooa month of i ta «aati»f

aftar tha elaetion* Pariiaaant haa powar to r« i i« t tlia

Proeia«ation thou^ i t haa naaar vatoaa a i^fiaoiai»«tiMi«

Pirovision for a t i a t i i a i t woffta M a eoaatit^tiaoal

ehaeic tipoa ^ a f r«« ««areiae of aaior^an^ i>oiiara« tlia

Conatitiition i^aei f inally proviaaa that a pmeiiuNition ^

• i2 •

mmw^t'mef mnOm tor tUm f»r««id«n« t^mll to« v«lid for • period

of «M0 »9fi«li» mlT in fciic aaiditksai t i l ^ i i i nfiicili i t i^«U b«

Jlai« Offline m«^ m&m &i P^Ummtt mta ai ptsiirttdbqr thm^

I f within th« SMiriod iN! two « Q I I ^ 0 « Mk ^irti« is di9«o-*

iwdit tlw proeiaatttiat) •HftXl hm l«id tmtt^tm '^|y« s i slitt

mtisr* <^ i t s ii pcoina.# i t shall Goxitiint* beroad tmt memtim

t i l l tli« nei« 1 ^ '^mhhn is slset^a ena i t cstif isa ths pro*

elit-actian within thirty a«]ftt of i ts f i rs t ssssioa* In oth«r

wurdis* sa mme^wsf xm^Mr ArUia^ 3sa or 3§0 osii iscmtifiiis

for Ml indsfinits $>sriod whersss « i>r«>ftlsmstise ii»d»r Artiels

SSi ««i ri^sslii for s ssmimia psriod of ono yssr# within whicdi

tho prools»stion lAisll i>s r«e«w«4 «t int«nr»ls of sty iK)»«fis«

nmmgmmf au« to war* cmtsinsl sffrsssion or wtmndi

rstoslU0B# eitlMir sstasl or iii»in«!it# m&f I-JS d«elsrsd for

ths thiols of tnais or m^ p%rt l^ioroof • Artiolo 333 hss

the foUowinf ^l^Hiat which iosti fy th« aeelssvtion of

saMirt]iiiK}yi

t i ) i f th« " rsrsiat nt is ssti«fi«ai

( i i ) that « grave t^asrfsnry snistsi

( i i i ) wherehy tho o^mirity of India or of mf i>art

of th« territory Is threst^sd lir# (•) war,

<b) asetemal ^leassion, w (a) aitssd rahftlUonf

or

(M thert Is ianiii«ftt dwifor thar»af#

of aiii>j««tiv« t^mmmmrm t% i»§ of 9mumm§ OINM ta t l i *

OCRUH:* of Imt m qfm^^tm tli« ffWMid of tiMi ^»i«i^i«fit*s

••ti»fa«%iaei titmt ^m r«p—l of «li» 1 9 ^ Ceii«til»stioii«i

(•tt»agiMHit« I 9 t i * f l i * »«tisf«e«ioii i« His and miy bo iMPOUfflit

9fysm% i ifchcr Iqr <s3lM oi<S « ^ odvieo <»f Ulio ««i»ol3, of niafto*

tor» or t»r his oi«ii«otis«^s of iafoiMitifm* uador Artielo

7 i t tho Pfooi^Nmt liM tho f^fiiMi »4iiiiiit«r 9m %hm onXf nouxeo

of liifox««tiofi« fho Pf«»i#i9it tlitts s tan^ for trooi^iNRit-^

Co^Uiot 01^9 roopotMibility to tUtm tak Soistio* ttmo ootio*

fiMStiofft iMMm« &i« iMtl«f««tion of tim poUttool onoetivii of

Ar t ie l * 3S2 iQ >o«r» ts iso • ^opjf of %i«tioii 193 Ct)

of tho eaoyommoiit of Xadlio Aot, i f 3Sf bat 1 ^ ?«t «on««ia«a

00 r^orone* to *« i r ptxt of i^« tor t i to i^ iSiosoof** DMI

«•« of tti« p^r«o« "ititoraol dioiati MHioo* in SMttion 102(1}

of ttio Aet of If3$ no* «o««ifmfai« tlt# ?lof«ffiior«>9«ii®toi

of Inaio liodi a •poeial roopoooibillty in rogori to "pooeo

oad t r i ^ ittiUty** of ttiidio mr «iy part th« t»^ (ma ii« oottld

fiaa«tioii ifid4|^ii^Niiitly of ttio provinelai ^immammt l^oo^

tlui sovoraor hoa a oisilftr tmnpomwlMli^ la r»g«ftf to lii«

pt&fitm^ anil ims tii« oourost^ iafofsMttioii for th« <lov#ffioii»

• «4 •

tn rimt of tlui pfO¥i«IOB« eotOsMltrnd im ^ttielm SSS

of i^« C9ftstittiti«m« i t i« til* 4iatf «f ttm Utd tn 9emmgmmm%

to pf)l»t4l «V«f7 Stttt* it^ifUltl

(li) intttfaai dl«t«rli«mstt# mA

(«} to mmium tli«t ^M foiwffisMf of mmvf •%«%• i s

e«»i«4 oil in mmt&e4imm« with ^wi iirevisioiia of

^lis Um«ti«titioii«

Itet *i8tttffi«l di»tiirtMiiie«* oHiif eoflw iiitlii» tlM pawm

ifimi of atst* 9(»y«f!a»^ts in th« eattt^tr of p ^ l i e cir^r#

not itieliidiiif tSm iti» ef ii«y»i» aa.li.t«y <kr « i t fof«« or

•ny Qth r aiMi foro«« of l^« ti^ioo in aid of tho e ivi l

pow#r« It % 9 praliol»l.y# tlio intontioo of tho irmmtm to

iRel^« voo of fiftif«i» «iiit«cy» olc foroo or oay ®t^«r HCOKNI

foreos of the Union in mid of th« oivii ipow r m^mirmt

*iiitorii«l ro^liioo** Hiao* ^ « oi(^iifio«iio« of tho i#or^

u«od in %ti0lo 313 nof lio appr^soiotoa Ivf « r^wr^moo to

ttioso ta»« in Artiolo Sf 5* I' irtiior* o« tho coRotitntion c^

India i s liinaiiig on ^lo on tiro ooimtrf in oqiooi «o«iiir«#

tho union aiiq^t oiwreioo ^ o pow r of onfocoin^ i t on tSm

«t«t»« in d««iinf with eooos of <ikMMi«tio iriAiono** ^9mt i s

intocnol diotorlMinco tn^ whoth^r i^« tmion iliottS4l intoi^

irono f#r tkm pitxpo»i> «fKS if oOf whon* oro oi l iMttoro for

thm union to consider on^ d«ol<io«

flw 4^tm9%9 of • Pg^almt^iitm wamr MttMMlm SS3 mm

(2) th« iii«oiitliNi pGnmw ot tli« tfnios i t mt^/im&Md %»

^i« •xtant of giving air«etiois9 IE9 snf •%«%• tm

to «lMi sMiiiMir in whie^ tii* WMf tiYv 90K«r tticfw^

to iMi eiwneiMKlf

(3) fifi«a«iiii •ff««t»* l^riii^ tiM j Niratioii of pt9»

ei«imtioii of wmmBg*ioi9f§ tlui Pr*»i4«At ^ s l l li««ii

th* ecmsti^tlonai pmmr %o no^fy tn* pr«ivi«iOR»

of th# CoaatiMtion r«i«tiiif to tlitt «Itoe«ti(m of

finioeiai gmmtxmmm iiotwooa Isho ttsioii tmS tiio stot««#

bf hia o«fi >rdov« ant no m«M Q»S«r iAutil tmtwm

off tot tmf^nM tiio fittoBoial y wr in tAiieii tiNi ^ro*

oioiioticm itottif em9&mm to op«ffo%o« oaA* fitr^«r«

•»ai 0rd«r af ttio Fr*»i<!!«iit oHaii b« •tti»J««t to

•mfimswml bf 9ttrilaiMiit (Artielo SS4U

(#) JNtfi teMatal Ti^lito* iwrtiottlArlr thot* ^^yvilNid

w^ter Artiei* 19 ana §3 taaMia i^ortlr or whoilf

A ^ ci«I.»Aftti€ii Of ^imw^mvcf tH^immt tlw ototos %»

tlK ttfttiia of iM ro «attiiii»trfitiT« oo»iiti«» 9mi thou bf

«iu^M«idlii9 tmnAmmm^ml ri#it«# i t iiitf- ameimiaAf mumwomtm

up«i l«iii«&ai«l iiiMurtir* tmdNMr Affti«i* 3S9« • P t^^tmrntimk

yr»»t9 HXm Wsiom ^mtUmmi^ with th« eoneiifi'viit pmmr of

li»9i$lfttioii on thft it««Mi iacittH^ In tlm stst* tii«t» So^

Imm • • aft^ for « ^ \Am%m or Any p«ft of th» tmrHtotf

of Xtiaia JE«iMils valid up t0 • iHirioa of sijt mm^Om aftsr

tNi «ipiv»tion of th« iMirlod ^ wMiirgiraer* Sn Wmt mmmrn^

tion# i f any $>r»vi«ioii of a atatft i«M is repufaaat t® «ac^

a Itm m»^ bf ?arUai««fst# tha atata lav t^ ^hm axtant of

x^epagmey siiall i^ veld*

Dnriiii th« peci<»tf of RaaiHiwioy tdia atat* «»««»tiiiw

eoiiaaa uadar oompiatct eonti^i of ti-i<i tiaiort* althouftt i t is

mXlmmA to Svmctimim I^r6li<ir# Pairli«»eiit a«ir# by 1«*'# <! >»*»

fair {iOi#»ra «fid i«{M»ae autiaa III>OB tlia Union r i t s offio^jra

tfith ipaai»a9t m e »attar not in«iuaad intiM Unioii Idat*

wwmi ia normal tivaa #i« Cantra anjojra Itfia poitar of

givirif difaetiona to t ^ Btataa tmdar %t ie ia 3$i a i^ 957

for coaoriiig htiam:mf batwatn tha tmian ima^tttiv* and tlia

stata both in rafard to adsiniatratiofi mid iapifMMitation

of iaM*

Aceordlnf to Article tS9$ witila a Proelaaiation of

lawrgwiey 4« in ^ar«tioii}« tha StatM fmf iMlta any law IMP

teHa any anaoittiva aetion infringing tha r i j t i ta e^mfarrad

9f «»

mn tlm eitimwiti m0mg Art ic I * 19 of %h« constittttion* ant

•ny l«m •!» «i^% shall Q#IMI« t^ ti««* «ff#«% a« •oon • • «1MI

Ptvmlmmtttm emmmm to ep^ota «tiiQ»pt tm mip^Nits tiitfi^s

aa«i« or ott i t tM to h* aim* befor* t l i * Iw «••#«• to liovo

«ff««t« Avtiolo 3Sf 4MQ (iiMt«e tho 9gm9i^mi% to ottmNtta t»f

oraor tho r i f t i t to itovo «sy ooart for tho %nioemm*m% of

tno f^itaimefitftl r i# i ts oonforeiia ^ Pmwt ttt of tho Coaotl*

tmtloo* flMs Artiolo ISi hii« utt outoMMttio i^pliootisNi ii^llo

Artielo %%9 eamefm to tfi« plotere i f tDo Fi^oidont thii^s

i t n«oo98«ry« %t eo^bine^ op«y«tioii of tSm ptmrimimia&i

lioth tho Artieloo o^tlio Conotltiitioii Wlm i^)08t tmn^oroiry

»l3ro9«tiofi ^ tho f«Hiaaaiofitol ri#(t«« All ^ooo ovo pi^Nbly

Ifstofidod to ^rlttf Into ootloit ttfiitOKf umA eoncwrtoa off&irts

of tho ftotl<»i to otr««3tiiofi tm him&B of ^o^nooutiim in

ofaor to -$mmt tho ehollonge't of tlio ortolo*

3 * 4 ? f I tf I <l l,i»

I t hoo olroMr INMO potetoa out t^ot tho mmmx^^mof

provloioiit of oor Conotitutioo o«o • lotft«r ^ tho eolo«

i i lol s r i t i i ^ RttJ« Artielos IS2«3i# m tho OKott jroi>lit«

of SootiOB 193 of tho CKrmgmmmt of Hiaio Aot« I f 3S« t io

ofigiJiol intffiit of whiefi IMO to «m tho Oootrol owMutivo

with ohffOlitto £»oif«r to ttool f i f« ly with o twr erloio in* •

ei^oio orioiof out of •intosmoX aiotiaj^imBeo** fho lottor

phroM ««• f « ^ o ond eo^xohoticivo mjWflh to inelttao onf

or « i t |»9JUti^dL •ii»i«ti0iiii ef»«t«<i hf ^tm sfltctiQii of

tim nmtioamllBt f ore** t^AiAftt ooloAi*!. nii«« i i it nan •

ii«tion«Hs% rtgia* l««frif iriidi«a to r«t»ia «)i« eolonittl

•trtie«ttr» of «iwrg^fier i^rcnri^oiifl tm W$M14 «lM02iii» ponvr*

ih««tt psowlaiamm wmm ^r^mmmly of^»o«^ Iqf ita«y aMsttMirs

of «})• CQii«%i«»«»t hMimtolTt on tUm

liiBRty to pt9v« ffiiliMriivit of eoti«tititti<»a4il fCHwraswHit*

rial* of 3 «ip «»d e iv i i Ub«rtl««* nqfwfi>r» yi« I^ifle thirt

•d«qii«t« «i«f9i»tejf pr«»vi»lofi« to aeot fttimff* oricoa wetm

imttmt tSHm no eonstittitioiiai prmrimimm^ pteifmil*Am 1!ie

«Ktrtox^!lji«ir dtpftrtaro f roa th« j^rin^ipio* of i MK»e»ey

won aatfo ti^ran^i tho origlnsl Arti«lo« 3S«»9Sf <••• A|>p«ei4iic

f ) iiHieii tdmmA t t mto««tie 8itsp4m«ieii of ttio lm«ie f ro«N»

diciM goonatood ismAmt Artiei« i9 dorifig tho <^Miix»ttoft of •

l^roolsMStioii of Wmmtwaef dtto to war* «9(t«ffiMl ofg^woolMi

or i»%omol la^atat^iiitto* Artielo SSf satlMiriMitf tlHi 9r«l i«

aoiit to aoeI«r« i>r •» Orior th«t tti« r i # i t to now tiMi

eoitrto for th« mAiommmmt of oiif ettior or o i l r&fhto

fimriiitod im^r Port f ix of tlio conrtl^tioo 0mll rmm^n

•ttopiRi^i^ for tlio pmfioA auri»f whieh tho Pro«l«aii%ioii i a

ifi foroo or for oaeli oliortor poiiod as aay I M apoeifioi In

tiM flHraor*

Ttm alaohiof uronght in tlio aeopo of tiioao ^m

Artielaa I I M crloarly aotieipatoa ) ^ t l i * Aanibora of t)i«

of mm if«V«ii«««th otifts up tli« cnritslclffi* 9i t!ii« Aiisiel^

*Za fell* u«&*A» §wom %ri)l#i « • (um ptmiA t o ii«vo

l i l c ^ iii#i««t ifipoxt«iie#« fUMMly* c i ^ % to ^Mi i i ^ 9if ItllMIl ffyfPif* H I * f* Ji«A« oonoti* t»%ioii prwria«a tiMt this c i# i t #Mil.i not bo miwipmOmdi unlooc in oft»o« of furiN^Uiofi ^r ifvro» o&ofi# «di«B th« pofeiie wifotf «i]p i«<3itire i t * int tlMtffo «f« oto^iMts M f •fosfdo itt tliot r*#iv4# naiiely* tho •mLvptmrnimk O«B H* wtiiojrisod eoly kqf c^ngimois* i»o*# tgr tli« i ^ i i i ^ •»« ^w HOIMO of A4ipr«ft«iit«ti9« ecMddlit«<S« l i t i t i« for tho SlIl fftMM COtiTt to S«y HiittlOff' eOOditiOBO OKiOtOd t^iioh woiii^ i twt i f f th« ifit9i «ooiOB of tliot right* XB tho vmllmlmmm nitli^gtm eooo t^o Soproao Coiirt rtotod thftt cMortioi tow ooimot oriso fttMi • tHroBlM^od ifivooiOBt tho ooomioity «iot bo oetaal •»a prevent ana tNi iavorion looi* tlio point Z •ought to md^ Ottt if«ot«ri«7 noo thot tiioro rhoiiid not mmtmlf bm OR iooooont d«ig«r of ontor* aoi oofrowiioii or iatonuii robollioii* tho ii«a«A« coostltutiofi provides tiiot* Forttior* tsm attprooo Court <^w«rv»d tiiot i^ot i « tsuo of iairooioii i« tnio of roi»«llien olao* Zt oaia that io oraor to naot tho eoooti^tloooi r»nt i roomf t ^ priirii09« of lOw i fr i t of aifOM^ cprooo iho l i not bo Mtapoadi^ imlaoo i» ooooo 'of riAwiliOtt or iovooioo tiio iM^i^of tho atoto reqiiiroo i t oetttoiiy *""* wt4l not oia^^if o ooootniotii'o noeeaaitTf i M ^ bf n ^^iorotioo of tbo X^i^i** i«l»ifo« «MM* Mid tbo ooiirt win bo tbo iiKlf»«*7

ArtioloB 3St»3St oevoreijf rootriet tho mmgm of

iodioioi rftvieif* so loiif «r • Pfoeiaoatian of mmr^^nef

i a in forea ana tho i>roai<toiitiai OrdNir laidor ArtieZo SS9Ci)

t . CAOt zx» p» 1«T*

90 •

i » «l90 in <^«t«tUloat «iiiMi tiM hi^^i««t e«itrt in ^hm I sad

nould btt tt«ipJ.«M to f i w «i9 •ulHrtMuiidat r« l i « i to tiM

»9jX^«V»d ^artivtt or fiii«>cie th« «iiniMi by ^ M I •%•%• autlio**

r i t l M df th^lc vast poiwftt*

tlMi «ii#rt©»ei»« d4^«red ia i9i2# and I f f !

dm* to Wftr did not «x««te « ^ prol>l«»a« iut tiw dd^eitiaf

»f ttw«i artieiea b«<Mi!Mi «s»p«i«fiit with tlHi ia^oaitian of

«!} mmtgmmy on tht pf«t«iH( of aoMMtle i oiefMNr# uliilo

8 P ftMiliMHitioa of tmer^vnef i««tt«d in 1971 «f*« s t i l l in

forooa Thin %ffts t^« f i rs t ifi«tMic« of tho niattoo of tliOMt

pirovitiofia for p roomUL «id pttimm •odn* •terOffotiORi of

o i v i i frsedomi mid mi womioo af nil« of l«i# Md em%mti»

tttt ionaliM*

Artielo iS3 • • oiHL^iMilly •noetod oaAM^d • prool«»

avtioii of mme^tmct to i»«s miid* i f the i^nniidsfit «»• siitio*

fiodthot a Titivo oaot^ncf oa^atad iih«relisf tho aoottiritir of

l ^ i a or c^ 9Kf part of i t a tarri^.orf wmm thraatoaad 1^

ittr Q^ «9it«ciiel at?r«asion or iatatiial dlatiin»»eo« ttta

pr&vailiii9 vioir of thia^rtielt vaa that «V«B i f tii« a^s^urity

of a part of India waa thraa^madf tha aaargieaoy Nad to }m

daelarad throughout India* ttm 42aid Aia»adai««t y4fife^ir

ranovttd thia d«f €et* HoMavar# tha i3nd Aaandvant addad naM

el»ia«a to Artiela ISa« sinea tha proelamition of attarganer

«an ba iaaitad on tha firoiiad of ( i ) war or aietanial at^ra*

a»ion« or ( i l l intamal diatiir%»8m!»f sitb»Artitla (4) aii^koriaad

• 91 *

fnmRds wywi i f • ^tool$m9i^i9ik of Mw« f«iiQy « • • l a fmn»

o» vtm otlMr of ttio«« two giroim ltft

ci«ti«« (S) «^ Artieio 112 iii««rtta bf «lit JMlfe

•

«ii mmtg*n«f f insl «iii eoneinffiv* ana pn9via«<S Idiat aiH^

• • t i s f AOtton i^isll n ^ !M QtM«tiot}«ia l»

9tmm$ mnA ftuetli*? bwrf^^d ^ iwri»di«tl9ii of muf eourt to

eoniiia»r tli« vftii^ity of • i»itxrl>«««tiQii A M ^ l>f I^MI ffiN*

0ia«at sfMl •two tJtim eontitntotS «si«f«tioii of titcii proeS«a«tiOtt«

Ci«i«» CSI W9m <3l««riy nviiit to mmha^ SwiUslBl aecutiay

of « i i«NBri«Mtiait of i ts fsoatiiitiAii^i* Uhlm elmif t»S

siii&lftr eJl«a»*« insertod tiy ttM 33tli A««fia»eiit httv* bMm

alHrog«tod»

Article 3S2 air originally «naet#<i had ttia folioidnf

( i ) Altliou^h in foxm t ^ ^roelaaiatioa la iaait^ on

the aae:is£aeUon of tiia Pn»aiaantf in raaUtr i t ia iaattad

om tha aatiafaetioa of tha \mim aavtanmattt* tlia urt ie ia

a$A not ajMsJUidB tlia pCMisilaiU^ of a triiaa Kinii^ar a($vi«»

iiig Kdia iasiia of a Proelvaatian on iiia or hm own in i t ia t ivo (aa }iapp«»S«<i on Jmam 3S*I97S|;

witlioist ttm authority of tm oabin«t/ ( i i ) One* a Proelai» aiaticm tb i tar e-ncy had i>f «i) appirova<S by l»o^ nottaaa witliiii

• 92 •

^tm i0djimlii$titfA pmrlo^B no peorisien tf«« m ^ for t»laft«9

Vm eontlanwiett ef 1 ^ ProeiMictiMi imtmtm tlip HOUMI f«r

•PPPiMr«X mmsf six atonth* na liadt IMMTI provid^di for in

Artieltt 3Si« Sor «• • any taac^iiMxy p^iwidm^ for •aabiia^

iMiiiil)»rs of ^«rU«»wnt to manm thftt tii« Prciel«a«itiofi 1M di*»

aef«!Ot»« A Fri»« itiiiistoi- emmot mm mShri^m l^o President

to sMiw • i^roelattttioii of EMicfmicy^ o» Ula^ior aolo with*

oiritft fc^ tli« »9efia«dl ArtXclo r » ^ r e » th«t « JPro«Jl«aNittoii

BhrnlX not tMi iwido "nal^a tho i^eitim eOt Vim imion OiO taot

^mt ms« i^nMlMuitiofi a«r btt itmamA IUM booii coKiMiiimitodi

to hia in writif^*** ^iMomUy* the «pprovtil ef tho s ro-

eJLwMtlon lif oec^ f auto is to it# ^ivtm t r iv ia 0io f o a ^ «nA

§&% t ^ aoiatlis jf I f ffofy ana th« approval IMM not to I M

l»lf ft ainpio majority aa ^sfon^ Hut br a itaiocitir of a ^

iasji t iftti half tha loomberahip of e f ^ Hom e and a laajoritr

of tuowtiiiria of those preaent and ipotiog* ft i l rUyt a pro*

viaitm ai^litt i to thai ^oj^tiattaitita of th« aforaaaid aajari«

tiaa Kid thia proviaion api:>liea ta ti ta SiSSlSeiSliUE^SIl ^ ' ^ ^

wmnimmtimk for attoe^mtiva parioda of aiK moftths* i^oiirthly«

althoit#i trio a^r«ivai of tha c^xntiiaiaiica of a Proelaaiatiofi

of Smmt^mmf requiraa tha apoeial najoritiaa ttantionad aar*

i iar * tha nm$Xf adaad Ciaua® 0) obllgaa tha i aai Sant to

ravo^ tha Proci^aatiOQ i f tha ftou®« of tha ^CK^IO paaaatf

• f 1 •

• mmiixMLmk ^mtm^tmtng ^hm Pvmtmm^mi§ or i t s •o«%&*

f» la f pvi3i«i«iQmi»*> t i f i ^ f # tiMi MMndNidi A«t&flrl« fiur«li«r

lpar9Vl4Ni« ^uit i t S/IO ^ 1 ^ mmbmwu/bXp of tiio H M M fivog

m mm^tm in wciUiif i^ t iw i r a«#lf« to «ovo «li«t ^tm f fo*

Q&OMirtUlOR INT l>%S #0fl%&MIWO## IMI 'd.l WI|PpfOINMi# IdMMI QA MOO&P%

or ^lo nrooiaoiit* I f tiNi NOIMO ! • not In mmlmt i l io l l

eo l i • ii>ool»Jl i^ttlAf of tho NOVM of PM^IO# ii»itlil» 1#

doyo fnM ttiMi rooo&s*% of MHsii oo%loOf for i hM fwtfiMMMi 9M

oonoUoriiif tim rosolntioa* flMMO m mam miwtoRtioI

oofopMirAi o piHaois tlio tSsnitMi of IKIINNP oc9ci#orvodl li|f Aristolo

ISS* fho ^ lo t ion of doitoo IS)# i^ei i mui toMrtod ^ ^lo

99th iiiiianioBt# ftioott ttiot •% i«r toto tho JorioAlotioii ^

tlio oporto to 90 into i io m l i H^

immm of • ffroeiomtton ^ i t o § | | § ^.do oootiOBOOoo iioe

iM9t to IMI OHoJyudteda

Yte 44tli ABMmclMHit ^ui osdo two looortMiii Ohooom

ia Af t^ lo 9S8f Artiolo 19 io not *ittiq;»«ftaotf* t f o pcooiiso*

tiOD Of ont^oaey on tlio troond of *ofliMN! roOoIU<w»* t)io

oortoiXiMMit of ttM f ro«aoM of tho I M N ^ O • • long oo tuo

tiJPOolodMitlOB of tto iHMifLiOHOv' WOO Itt ftMBdcotiflo ooo orovidodt

f^ ' f f i rot* in tHo ori0l»ol Artlelo !§•# ood « M I I e«rt«i1^«Hi^

i ^ U o d boi^ to «o «(io«^^fief p r o t l S i l t f on tho grwnd

iniMraal iSI««Kr!Mfii»* on • ^emtmuMim mt mmm/mmft

Artlel* 9ti *«ii«p«iidNi Atti«&« 19 ia tii« ••»•> ^i«t «fe«

stat% • • ^miim^d la 9«rt ZII« ««iai nilt* «qr Xtm* mt Ulkm

MQf mMMtJiW iflttowj i htiflh lMt% for mauBii svoslMMrti^Hi ilia

stata aouia aat liairt mtOm ar tckaa* fNa 44«i Aawidhwat aMifla

isMa lap<KCtsaais aJNita 'Mi la Avitlela 3M« FIsiNti* (air Hia ciyNHi»

i i i f norte Of Avtlela !••« * i i^ ia • f iaalwiit ian af langWMif

i a in oparatian" H M MMmaaaat am^atltatatf tim iiaf<ia" i M l a

a 9ffael«iiiM«Ei af Bamw^mofB ^^jf^ H n ^ t)ia aaaatitir

af India 99 aar part af ^la tftrrttarr ttiaraaff l a Idicaataoad

aQf MMT of axt^xiia* a^dcaaaloa la la o iNirawLaa* ilia aaffaa

itaJLUdlsai glK»«a chaw l^i^ Agtiela 19 «a« aat aaapaa^tal

i»f a Proelaaatiaa of Wmnt^mmr* pcotaataa aalf tliat law

iii l iN aaatsalfl^ a faal%al> t Mitt li^ ms la valatBlcMi %a %lia

PcaalaaatioB af fiaac9imer is apatailaB aiiaa 1% aaa atda*

9mA pcoiaatad aiweatliw aatlaa ttMmt aaly m t e t aaeli a iaa«

^lila aaoaad aaMi<lMaB% la ^Mrtlala 399 ^Ivaa affaatt %a liia

daalaiaa <tf «lia ittpracMi Oauff% tliat a law aada Iwfata tlia

^voalaaailaa of BmBww9aef IMIS aot vaUaatai by Ag^ala iS9#

urtlala 3S9 tias MMndad Hy itfia i i t h Mtmrndmrnt miA

l«[ «ovadl la «i»a aaira 111 Artlelaa 20 tnd t l aia av^aaaly

^»elti4a4 f Jtc« ttta iioiiar i^ntf accai an «ha iNraaldaait W

Aftlala 199f and Ui only t iaaa la»» aca ina9aa»a9 « l«jfe

^^tMttMHlt CM ft PyflWlXuml t tiWi of SM^C^ MIOyy I^HA 9SWlllA(ifln%

Miilil immm an og#ir •pMlfyinf an Mttimlm we Nniutmm of

i^i«t xn for ttio oofocotaiwit of vhim o jpofooo oooltf not

oovo 0 ooitrt* %^ 4 NMS ^mmt^mmt. ooihorioodl ^lo oidiiiHr of

o «0H onA fMiULii otf nnicm%l wi tMrt mif iMlciAif lNi% foit Idtio

9f««ldo«t*o ( raoir ostooifyitif ooitoio Avttoioo io tnttt XXX*

tlw a t i ^ oouXi R^ hofo muQm tmd tiio ixoootiiv oooli mot

tlOVO tjflWIla lol i i s CHf<Aof 1 ^ OflB^ I tilO itlUlrtl OHI%Ollt&Ott«

i^Oli fWiMidlod in tlio SUMlHl S^QEHi ^ M I * ^ *** Atltioio H

wem tHo Mil* Km?omi%mnf of dio pcotootioo of U i o maM

Wmttf of «)io poopio in XodiOf oi^ tiiot teiio Saoluoioo of

thot Mrtiloio in liM fc^idont'o Or^r Xift %IMI poo Xo in

off«i«t idtsioiit mf psQ^mtlon for Xife ooa XifemriEr* tlw

44^ Awwuiunt oni»toool]f mtoXudoo ^rtieXoo 30 ontf 21 fiOK

^tm wmmw eonforvoa on tlio Pttmidm^ Oy i^rtioXo 3St« fwf»

thor* ^io ooitt provioioB won inso«««d ia Artiolo 3S9 «• to

ttiO ffOOltoX ISO

Articio iS9 00 oisio cdiooutiir ooftioo tokon ottdor ttioo oo

ifoii aMWio in %tiolo SSt»

ArtioXoo Sit «o4i SS9 oiiot 1tai» #olotod ffOM «iio Qmmm

titotion* t% mm mm99t tho pn^tootion ^ Hiooo Avtioloo

^ « t ilio ilftioa ona stoto foyociiimf noto tfHo l» not oo

i f oU looo in ffoiotioo «o l i fo mO yoooonot lioorty noto

§^tm§ warn %imf msf JiwtifioffticM §9r wnmtimg tiKNM

in • w t n 9t%§ i t 9Kr iMi a Mdlb «NMIJU! not t ^ «iio«B*»

«iiiit of fiiad«RMtttfti r i f l i ts li«i|»«r tlw wic *f f«ft« «M i%

nc^ mmummmif %» ]pf>ovid« in ^ t i e l * }St that on • ^O« I ]JM»*

tion of ifggtiiMfy Ayticla t f irtioitltf ^ iiuipMatiif Our

f«KHidiBii f««liMni wir« too »«ir ^i« ^hoonA W9ieM ^*m to haiw

h«a t i n t to stvaf tN« lappet of • mfo^mtn if»r om fuadmw

t « l £l#it«* nor mmm tiio wKwcials for wii^ • tlniir oosily

«v»il«H«* itor eottia tiioy li«v« fovoooan for uliot uniiortt^

«fido ^i« iMNor to mmpmid ihm&mmu^Mtl r i # i t » liOidU! im mm$*

f5am%lf§ thof fi^uld not tmvm ymmm hsm tho eoarta MMtitf

ifitoir$Mr«t tNo ^rov'lsioiio ^f titm Conotltiitiofi* I K ^ ^ for

provontlvo df»t«Rtion« %itii#i shouia ^ po«iiitt«<l mtlf #ariR9

timoo of imrf tfto f re«t ^iMioeraeioo of ^lo tteitod st^Mi*

i;«K## Jitt«t*»Uo mtS t i i t t i }i«vo —in f iaoa Hi* 1»M4« fffofN>

aoG« of f ro* •{»4NKm# 0 froo prftoa •n i maiOf • f r to :Porii«iitiit

and froo^ofli of ftoiiooiatioii oodl oootaesiyt ll»m#i tho writ

of Htbeos Corpua mtf m mstapmntsma deri i^ wurtiia^

fno ^oiittr ooof««r@4 )>f Artieia ISf on ^ M I iNNMiiaiet

to iootto « P roelMMitiofi to mtpm^ t^o ri^iit of maif pmfmm

to isKiif* « ^ eoort for tho mni^mmmt of fttnAvMOtoi r i ^ t o

««iitiofio4 in ^10 0r4«r ho* ^ooa eoooiaoroi nt losg^i*

ISVM M orifliiAlIjr mKmtm&0 i% wmm wpm ««» Urn fc«t« «m$m»

tim a l l ^vtlfiJUNi in tn* ei^mtm on f^witei i ia l AftflAs

wh««iMur tiM «idf«iicri«« of war ««qitiff»i MI«I I mipwuliiii MT

letim pmsfH9l<m9 eemtAinaa ia Artielas SiS*iM ««•

alim t»r»Bw>d twmn H M !••% ootoitiai atatwia* t t t l a i i «S

€Ht «iia <*oiwn;iwwpt of laAia* l9St« ptovUod for fiiilwfo of

eim««it»tioo«i aoeiiiiioffr for tlio Podortttoo ia Part xz«

Chapter y of tha Nit mititlad «Proirl«iona In oaaa of fa i lmo

of oo!ia%l>t[viitlofial wachAoofjf* aiNI aooiblOR 99 pvofti Ni for

audi failttfo ia tho ^rofiae«a ia Part tt^ Oii pftar Iff whioli

naa ai«i iar ly emtltlad*

ttm ia«riuaioa of aaetioaa 49 and 91 ia tha Ooforawaat

of India Aet wm n«ooa«ita%^ hf Wm dkM&iaratiOR of «ha

laa^rahii^ of «lia Xadian na«iofiai Confraaa «aia ia 1999 l^iat

tm pmstf «eai^ ec^iwat tim aiaotioaa ^ ttsa iovialattttiw

tmaor tha mm Onaatittttioa with l io aiai of wgmOtim i t

f i»Ma withiftt ^etioR 49 dooa aot Heva a eoaatorpart ia tiia

Conati«titios}« ftit tlio poimr eonforrad on ^ a

traaidant to enmtm tha propar fisaetiofiinf of H M Cooati*

tutioa ia tha di»#i«r^ of tha do%r i« i^ upoa tlia tmion ^

protaat evar^ atsta a^inat «)rt«.tMl afgri^aaioii <Kr iaftoiBai

dialsttflbaaea and to ^aar# that fm ^jovtm^m^ of ayanr

9S i»f Vim mrnxmam^ of ziidi» m%9 tfSi*

3M amm i» Mi tuofoli* zn tii« firat |ilMft# tftuir <•«**

MNUrai of pottticNii wid*r^v<il/^p(tnit I« «N» •rwti^il* 9io»

irii^«» tdiioii Had $mt mamtwA ttxm «IMI eol«fti«l •«•• flMr

«CRiId not iM» «Rpipt»<S to 6p«r«t« felM imtitution* of f«#»

pcnisittlo^oii tiM i^ttoffii < tile OemliiiofWdf tiMi 8fiti«ii

Mmf^wmm m9km»» «f p«irtr i!r«t««# «liiiirt«fi«l <rfi«Mi« !»«

in^tita* of i^UtiosI Um&mnMp idl#it lic'vo mpmiittB MI

WMW x»o«oii« for onoarlng eontrai at^naviiliip i»^ for oon*

tiaiiint tho eoPwA^ pvottioo of v»ati»9 tho CaMtM ii&ili

*iwi>ofiatiMiiico# difoetlon and oootxol* ovor tlio Ihrawifssoa*

Sa«ofidSy# tho p«rtitiois of tha iraiwitry cm tlia htmlB of t ^

riftit < oartain ptofHnmB to a«Zf«Mtotaftttiia«IOii usa wn

iamadiat* avaitt* tfiadfiti of tiia fwroaa of foftenaUlani and

pcovlfiolaliaM tihm twrnrnwrn s»c vidaa for i»oaaitiilit)r of omtval

JLiitarwMtitoii and awKBa iMfiit of aJH'a&ra uadter itiM aaipia 0NHKBA

of *l3«a idNdifii of eoiMtitutioiial maotiifiary* abioli waa to im

aaerartainoa by tlia Pgmmicimtt at hia own aatiafaation tlif»is#i

tha atata ^anmxm^ or othoriiiaa*

Ii«pl9ifif «o t!hm ewitimimm of thi* Mfkiel« iii «li«

**x do tt»t sltuf^tlwr ataf thttt ttMi* ! • « po««i* biUty 9f ttiMm Actie|«« bi^iif «lm««d or Mipl«fwS for 9^t&««l pispoMs* ant «Si«t «^j«i«&se UMI mpUmi %o «v*ry s dr« of %IHI ocm^titiittoa tmi«li « VM potior f» tho c«ii%t« to ov»rtitfo tiio rro» iriiio«»« ffMi propor tfilnt wo «tt#it to topoot i t titot me^ Artieloo id l l oofor hm oslloA into aporstiaii m»& that tliey iiottld cooMifi • ^od Sottor**

Ho fiii-^ior 4mX&tm^ thoti

*z liopo i no roiiidoiit« i io io •adowod witli %lio«o poifors# Hill titfco pr9p«r pfoooutlono b^foro ostpattXly outtpot ljm IEIMI •dMLsftotrolAoii of tlio pfwrineoo* 7 liapo tHo firot thing ho will ao wMid IM to iMOO a awfo wofoiof to • p«o»laoo thot h«8 to hiQWMm In tho conotltution* If timt y^mmilm foii«« ^lo ••eooa thing for tdm to ao v i l i im to order An «2ootion oXlowing tho pcK lo of tOio s roviiieo to octtSo flwittMO by th«ai»olveot t t i s of ly *^«n thooo two rwio ai«« foil thttt ho oooia sooort to mi» mfUm%m% It i« only in thoii« eireu«Mt«ieo« ho would ro«ort to v ils orticlo* Z ao not thii^ tw QOU14 than 99if timt th«»* orticlos woro iii iortod io woia or thot tho Pfosidimt h«d aetad %fwitoiil7«**8

It i s fWASonablf cl«»«r that ^rtielo IM «PO8 tutMit

to ha a *o«fol^ •aloo*t e *r«aouo moaatiro* or a laot roaort

to praaorvo the rogular ftssetioning ^ parliaA«ntarf»

riMipoQoiblo fovoniiieiit in tho atotoa* ifowev<tr« tho poworo

oonforrod hf Artiolo )5i have boon groaaly irtataoa and «!••

ttoodt aineo tiw ipary ineaptiaii of the Canatitittion for

i« ^Ot xx^ p« 1T7»

« too«»

aoim of eimttitiitional 9iMtlil»Mry* ia oat of «h« wcmdhMrf l

invwntioiia ef tim fieitia^ politicsl. 9«mic« i%«i pf»S9«l

to # i f iJM i t ia thtt Coastitiieiit A«Mnbiy« 0r« Aa^>«ai«r

•«iKi«d i t 1^ mam's th t t t ^ weiffdittg was |8«t i f i«4 bMMMi

i t l i t i o^Hi«v@a ia t^« CIgfgiiaiiBt of Xii«iia . jot# I t l S * Wemm

mmw§ tti« ^i^«r» of th« CoBatitatiiM aai Mid to «l«ii«iis«

at IxMiat f<Ktt* oiraQNUit 101011 • • CKinititiitiao the lupatkdaHini

Qi ^w CoaatittttioncI aaeliiMrf tna iiafiraiitittg oaatt t i ffttlat

tar fatwRHAi diistiisiMUMNi 9f iFidtwica*

2« iNefoaat oM th« atatis lovwnMient t& emxwf o«t

tii« dir««tiORS ef th« tffiiaii govacMAotit*

3» ^SorXtf s»9titte«l pm»tr teiaf luialita to fmietioaf

#• ^ f t i f alignmmt not prodvtifif a atidilA ^vafwi i i t t

fbara ia a ionf hiatoir »^ HimAmwrnl of ttttilat^oat

dtaaoiatioe of «aa«sbtiaa aadt ia^x^tiaii of %IM ^ffm»ift»

aantlat rata for wmtfin§ purpotaa and irarylfit amvitioiia*

Tlia dtiasilMiat of CQ9«Miiat«tod miaiatrf in Kamta ia t f i f

00 tha frarnid of i>opotar afitatioa agaiaat i t waa ^la f i r a t

itiat^ffie of ffoaa Hotatioa of tha ^ i t i t of ^ a eoiMiti »*»

tiOR ttmS tlia amm tftiaf h^sipm^ in ifortti f a i l a ia tt77

trmm a ataxia ^^iraai^aatiat proetaiaatioa ^acrlara^ that Coiif*

rMa niaiatctaa ia aiaa atat^M (trttar jradaaht ailtar#

m 101 •

t<««t WmitftXt Ori»Wi# msheym ihr«a«#i« Pimjalif RsiastlMHi*

tiscywMi iti«S ftawclitl Prai^fli) fi«^ *vt«it«>d* their effimi

tmS, ^3fm l«9i»l«tiir» ••«tii^U«« v«ff« dlt«^ir«6 ><WHMI» tlw

Caii9i»«a Psrl^ tuid lost it« majoritur in tiM •iMi^ons %»

c^mtirsl !»arIiaeMfit» tuo e >n(3&ii«i9ii« mem mtMHk tfismimm txom

tlHi hlatorr «f t^* ««• «»t Ar«i«24i 9Si •<» fan li) that in

tlMi ttajoritf of thm e«a«a pr9atd«iitt84 r«i« taaa IMMII uwmd

for paftiMS mMi««ifift tm6 tiiat tii« oniy fi«ii<iiOoiifi«Mi xm^mm

«% ttifi Centra aurliif i9TI»7f foilowadT tiia pattnm aat ^

tha ^liiitarfttpisaa c<miraa« r Jla at mm Cantra from ItSO

to t9Tff aa<l Cii) ainea tha lata I9«0a thara haa hmm an

incraaalnf tandane^ to via t!i« provision not nntir for

partiaan bat also for irrpmai mt^» Thim euta at tlw

laaa of provineial aat^^oiv and raafi^al^ia gowttammt^

St ia an nnnaeaasarr «vi% of tha polltleal ai^tan of a VMt

aaaooratic eomttry ^ hieti parpatitat#a political nadkuet*

aataittpwmt in ^ a fftotaa« i^rtaiaantlal rola|i»aa a^aignad

aa a laac jmiaa of Intarviaiticm and ratoBa i^^ration fmr

Mfln atsta 'viNHBiinanta aa iwirs anff*(af»n9 frcNi politioal

iMratariSavwIc pnantf or inMtaiSHlMtv. failiira na ftan^NHravopoar

or aaa^ra aalaiAi^niatratiOR* lat ita inetnaaing nim

for i>eraonal and partiaan aims haa tanaaa to maoea atat*

mtonomf and parlia^iantarf fcsvasntamit into a foroa*

Tha ^an^aa mmdm in %tiel« SS4 ty tlia 4 4 ^ Mfiaoi»

aiant ai^aar to .m {•atonal* l^m i^—l mmt&»gmmmt %maiM

to iMi &!• tfMro9sii9R of Arti«l« IS i and dtv«l»pMnt

latimi <Mr Imt^mA^w^mt «ti«»s ^ th * siviil* mm mi hi»

eif^iiftry oofwtitotioaai pmmtB Xitm His «iQ«%«ie p«rt i s

tiMi t20idli»&on of Can««s« Y«t in eimmt of ^ifaif*

to pmum* and 9MM1 ^^vacniMmt in the •%•%•• ha •oiil i i i ivit* 9

tlM li^wrvMitiQn of GMMMttt mmmA tmm—m

xt i« cttYiott* tiuit of « l l tli« pf%nrif4d«« eoKitaiii*^

in Pta^ ^^!fttt tmly Ar t ie l * 160 Has ii«iriir INHIR pat to itwi

infi liaa tii«cti^of« •M!«$»«(S e f i t io i i s * f>t»iriMipf tli« Hiat&ry

of t i l * %^r««»i A of ^M i930« an^ t»ai«*c oiffi •€RMi«i«l«

« i^ fifumeiat i$tffi«iiit£«s «t lfK!N^»«fid«»e« wmem g^rpotk^hlm

ime Hw iiie2ti«io» of tHis «rti«l.a» i t is •&•» oit«i«tia ttiat

tii« f roawra w«i!« o!»liviou» t& the e«on(mle «id aoeial

eimai^fvtloiia woildiiff lMia(«i tha anaflteiaiit off t ^ luiti i^i

iiiwngaacrr Pswava Aetf tf30* flM lat tar liaa iMMia iiaad in

flKittt eaaaa to ^ a l witli mmw^gmimtt mfiming ant «€ fawHFal.

atrHiaa er inJiMtrial elaaa atfttfala* tnOlm bailor wiiiily

att agrlflttltoiral aowitiy «Hfc« i>«>t fai^iUar iiiiai Hit ^foblaiia

caA ««taaa of a iK;>dam ittdua^iiai aoeio^* H tha j^iaaent

t!ta im$i»m conatitat&aR f %%» nao mnA

lit W l i ^ < ^IH4« 1969 1 BNliiiaBlOBr^^MllStttiai

m 191 m

afttions Midi i« controntm^ with the ortsts of m iiiai»«tid«l

«oei«ty vni i^ if iifietmtaiii«d# taml to d lvm^ tli* po U^

tleal ayst^n «nd rtmtt In'ehnog and aivor^ar* 9tt««Mi|»t

thft l sMMitiel (i«rvlf?«8 fi«iiitMift«e« crtf 198) • l^id9««

t ^ t ffli * thou^i i t h«« innrit«a t««!t eritieiM*

no ^eateti of «hi» atiNii frtaift of iRithafttariiii

•tatiiM vcKild ^ eoii|il«t« irith«ut tm •spo«itli«ii of th9Mi

ttecir«tloa« of «. i«rfiHiey» pi*«fv«ntiiNi M»i oo««iriv« !«»•

ifhieh httvs been aadad to tli« eatictitutiofial %mi tiinem

i9S0 toaiii of v^4^.^iy «ppX9pri««ftly/l«s««i^«4 • • *i«wl«Mi*

CContlmMdl ffoa th« ptciriou* i a *)

Ian Xiwtltiita «tf ^ avifac«4 stii^« lf19) •

C H A P f g l t IT

Ms MBOOIIBt; OC l^d OOASltitlik&Ottttl MM0MHMHP POUTlf

flM w t j a t i w of 0QCii antaufwi on • pmmmmm

mm wmef mmitf mmmm tii# mmtiMimt ^ m pmmtmmM mam§»

<9mmf Mfljit imils f«%«iaii^ ^M tmm^ oi flKNwtittttiotti*

ri#}t« ana tadApandtofit S^sMmimift

tiktes of i i l t i ^ colosiai and if iaiMtndatit iiipiililliwi

an^^^tiaa toiNif^a «h« aMtntffiMiie« of pablii; mi0me ^tiW9m^

Pir@veii%&iptf gwMtitlw and UNsaraltWi ii.aaMUWHi» «3Nia% aa f^a

Sritiaii aMtolat«atota ir^ta in I f ! • niiMttili to K^laoa

tSm Dafaaea of ladia ^ ti«t SttS# a ta^petafyt nafltiiaa aawN»

faocy poimr la^alatian* br a atanaiim mmae^mmf prnmsm

Acrt to ^ a l i4tli «if proapaativa ataaygaiMiy afialiif out of

* tOi m

mmt* to«a«d )ar « UiMNr«i» WwiiAwm fttiM iitiit«««rf atiwwfl

i t mm^H^tm in IMQ to MM itm»li witH tlMi ^iviwitiv*

£)ittinti<)ii A«t i^iidii ffw«»ifi«dl OB tiMi «t*tnt« book t i iS

&9fS« aiae* tiMis# iMurrint tiMi f»«r if70# tmSim hm UvtA

oo^LimidiMdf ittiattr oom (Mr oRtitlpl* ooNiCfaner statttlMMi*

mm ^a ifltat 3wiaii« i»aaiit ti»iiittX iMlunt wfiA H M

tiMi ioiflatt A«t (^ I t l t f tii«3f ifi»i« Aot onlir at^iiHiaiiit til*

^ igni^ of tiMi If^viatMil md «iir&t Ufemrtr in tliejir <Mn

t&iMi iMt iMrt Iselilsg f«Mn»«f4 to m tlMt I^MHI I^M O0V««II»

mee^ mmM im iMsnai isr th« fknl of l«ir aaa woglt tiitlito

tii« eQB«tttiiti«ifi«l»imi fg»JMwt9gfc» tiMtt l«# not ofliitto*

ffily* THo putoent oipitm • • • • to novo ootaplotoly i<»i9o*

t oB t l ^ mMMt uaB CRsnoitiMHitii of Oiur f roiirtriai iiavtiMiit*

(iMfo not tim i jpifVBtitivo s tiioiMdUMi Acit# Oofonco o€ XBAIO

A«t ontf liaioo* t n ^ ana now Rottonol 9««ttiitr Aot «Mi

^ o 8««oati«l ii«rvl<Nic i*fa&iit«»«ito« Aet Wm mum i^wlott

»m in Oiifitio**

'Bmm lowo h«fo pmieptaafsmA tim tnftltiono iMf

rt^gnlotofy* imxmmmmi^ie§ oflmrfenofMijraittanoo wSm *nimM

OJTO eovtoiniy not lono iwant to pwotoet tiio iilMurtiwo and

oi povifiittition »f til* i^timno* On tho <»mtrtry« ^MMW

nf« *i«ifiMia* iniio ulii^i niXow tiMi cnlofo to oontiwno

^i#ir «al« or liiomlo t t tim H IPOBM of e iv i i lilMHrtiiMi

m IINI m

mm jK»Uti«iflM# til* adniiiistrttton ani «ii« p»Xiim

ao« iMiiig «iiiMKil« ^ •%MMmmHm9 tiMi vndtriiyiftg •iOMHi of

•ooialt poUtiml tmA mmnmiM stvifc and MmvA9t9§ fa l l

toaoit OB arwirjam^ and apaaial 99%;or laiMi a»dr # i « i ^ ^

aixacMMkl li i n^pupaaaiim pc puliiiit noifiKaMi%a audi aoacotev

p«af>la into aiilaii^aaiafi ^mi^ttatilf '^^'^^^ i^t&wim »9

pa«i9atioiit 9emtt&f ^ tha atladliia of «ha ao^atf for tlia

aiaipia fvaaoii ^ a t reiaotsrooa aM wfimt^— iilii«ii axa Haiim

Bptmt <m tHa aiaifiteiiaficc ana ^t/pUffmmt of tha iaatfiMaiAw

^ tant ir « M I ooac^an i^ioiil^ pfopavly Iw i cHsnt on otaa*

tioo tii mitmeiml mA mltmrttl emattltmrn for a att^liaaS

9»d oiaiitarian aoeial^ fg^m f roai tha Hol »aa£aii aiMita e^

XB the auoewadin^ tw:» a . otiOfia %«a i f i l l t ir l«fly

aorvay ttia aalc^ti^ «iterf«»af and apeeiai pmmn atattttaa

^ r i f t f tiia pvgio^ iwtm ItSO to i9 i9 and ffO« t tTt «o

I tOi to tuisailt that bt^iina tlic faead* af i^ii«titati^aailM#

mXa of latf wad ^ariiantntaiy qo»agn«antt ioAi^pti^taiit

India haa lia<! an iotei«lt ta»t apaSl of mmr^mmf mtMm

oanea l a j *

2* s n 1 1 1 i SLM MJLM r f f f I t i

flia aarUaat iitatenoa of an aiaargaatr la«ftala«lflii

af t«r lAaapaoaaiie# ia tlia mmfmm Bt^f^trnmAmi of s^atmlitAeMi

%m

he%, i94dt ^^tam wm mmm& «t mm iM&^it «f iiiMUPfMey

in ¥idMm9«Mi m^ mtmimmi wa m m *im sttatntw iwok.

^ i^roeUiflied <il>|«etttp« im« •*» iMit* btttwr provlsioR for

thft mis^»f««®i<M of UmtHmx ia i wi «»fo«lfie« of t^riUm***

A •Ai^»gtm& •!«•** « • • ^tiftod la mu mt ®m m cc®«

for thtt t l M ^ i i i9 anelaced m b« aiatatlMd sKtft by a

naUf ioftUon imaor ®iwtlc« ! • Seetion I *^a.c^ «e«l» n i ^

thm power :..« daeUico on aroa • • **4i«tt(ir)iod* I&»v»e t l i t

doeiaion %o tli« •iibj:«%iv# ••%i«f««tioii of tlie 9rovlfiei«|

diamtgmmnt ima a i l t ^ t is noosed to J««l«Ctt Hie uliolft

of tiMi ^m^nHmem or wiy port tlimroef M "(Sl9%»n$e^ aiHl to

*adli tOf &mn^ mtxf or roseittd my much 4mimmti,m* is

« iKitifiestioii la tfm O f f i e i t l 9is«t«» off tfM stst^* A M M

a i^ pooOi ts in miSwt Pradoili fisrvs IMMR notifiod « i Ai«»

titvboa in IM9« I97f wia t97a» Bpmlml pmmn otitainoa

in a diatartMsa arwi ^avo feisaR « i mmi^atm for k i i l t o f of

"itvKaUtes* in *«iioM^<Mif«»*

^?lio«var in a <liattust)aa a»aa ooa^ta any offanon

pneiahftliie uoior any of %tm folloviim aaetioaa of tlio IfC

aar in Uao of tiia vvmitimmt to tdiioit ha i» U«bi« luia^r

th« €K»l«# ^ pimiii^aa with ^mm t JOt Catt«vt fee max^ffit

Ut (Icianf^i^^^^^^ ^^ Uia&mUm in orAar to awrasrli

1HIS (kidnapfkiag or abiiMitinf with intant aocvnl^^ and

wra i^^Ur to eonfins a pwrsonli 3«i CUdiifli^ii^ m&

• t o t -

ntn^M^ md •bdaotifiKi ia offifor to Mi3(}«a% « iNinMii t»

afl«vous hiurk)! M9 (twoiiifiillr comNMlitif m l^tplnf in

eofiiljMPMMit Iduabii iioa or «liitiet*(l p«rs(3fi)t S7§ Cfvpilf

3f4 («olini%a»lly inaainf iiiurt In afctwptlng ni&lwry)t

eaitMi atath or ifi«««Hiii tmgtii 39S Catts^st t£> «oiai^t

43^ (altoliiof Sty fire oe ttxploaive mOa^imtm wiish totMit

mm of fence gqwiWMi ft^iULiiet pmtmm tmA •gsiatit

p£<@^ r MM ill 1 ^ nofwii eodffft* 9m l i«M« t^ fimdiiHi

panli ifii fit &f iiff' i^ffisoiMMHit Cli fwurs)* ant in «

aiistitirs fti «re«« th« sxinialineiit in ^«lli« Bptn «lwn»«Rt

t t! €«« OffcowM £• iNuiiiiriiibift witit <i«fttli or n t ^ pmi*

siMicfit i TO«>i4M for in i ^ t a^etiofi for tiM <^«tte*»

Any wigirtraE^ and my poUfi« i^Htieme ttot lialoii HM

r«!^ of «il»»Iiiri»»ctor etm opan f i r« or ortfar apaniaf of

fifia *or o^afiiPia« nm forea« •«•» to zm ea^aiim of

aaatH* avaifiat any iMuraon in a dlatartiad aiaa aetin? la

ei^travisitiofi af rniy ls« or ^ ai r for tiw tliaa isaiiif

in foce«« Aaaase y of fiiNi c^ aiore parsona aan lia 9«»»

»ti£»itiNI# aa alao earryinf of tieiipoiia or of "tlilsfa WBP9lbl9

af tming ua«4 a* woapoiia«*

• l e t «

St in liAf^y «ifpirisi»f that 0mmk « l l tiMi *<

t«r dNw^«* of n«ii«UtM in AnasHrt I'vaam^ «t tlw p«tlc iMf

tiUI ItiiXtUlfPt mUMl Sl CMPtsA 1^ ilSfW tAlEWl l ilMENI i l l CMM OIP

t i l * otiiiur »f tiittMi ''diatsunwa** mtmmm mmt i t il«iiiMif*t#

kiii i i iff is p&g^m* ^^ off ieiais mm pfot«otod« Xo f«ot#

wHit Of tiio Homiitoo m iiiilfRl not* tok«ii «» tho aiotmfcoi

lUSlMIO fOI* ii^miwlti'Qfl O'VOA i f t l l i ^ Witl l liinMMNHMl OUtoi^^

filis Aot l io i t too Ai l iiee«pto(S #i«i»evitio nonM*

ilioSo «3rMMi a»A 9emmmiti9w oan IMI a«lii«ot«d to i^mep^&n^

itlm^^W- ^ ' iiit«RKl!it%>io pocio<lto« ««f«ir on tho M ^

JOOtiVO MtiafOOtiOR OC tho OIMMRIti*VO« KO SWiOW Iqf t O ^

isiotmm mt em3t% i» iioosiblo*

mo ?covifitiWi i^etoiitiott A«t« IffO* kod i to 9«o««io

in UMI poetiiior oiff«RaMot«neo« in t^ol i fodio o t t o i n ^ imtt

$Mdii^tm0mmm» Xn viow of thm itofiooo «ati«iio«ionoi aad

onti«ootifti foeooo ot «foc9t tho doiroximHit oli lwoi tlio

Iiooor of ^nnrontiiro itttootioo to <tioe^iifio • pol l t iool i f

lioaiviovoiopod fopniotioo i t l i i ^ d i i not loioii Hio inoiminv

of ffoodow or mio of loo* '^Hm Mt« vitioii wvt o tom^tsty

• Sid •

wid st«i« tsmmsmvmt* mk4 m»9^H^ oiHmmwm tfi«moC t«

d«««iiii • p^smm with • wUm 1» piwvMit&Sf fcl« item MBtlaf

in any mmMir pf«|«idiei«i %» UMI 4*f«oe« i^ Xiidi«« t i i *

rel«ft&cm« of India vith fofntitft p^mmrm^ tiMi sttOiritf i»f

zitdift* m tim af^curitv of th« •t'»t* or th# Hi«|iiti»i«iie«

of iKi^lie (MPd r* <9r th* ii»&ii%«fi«fie« of ©tasspil a «ii4 »•»»

vicMNi •Manual, to t ia eommmitY^ »te« I$HI "^t iMida

d«t«ii«d pg«nriai<iiia t«» edtplf ^At; tha f»<|ul;r«wi«ta tmaar

Artieia 23 of tna corMttit»tioa« ttia <»efc %»a» l«vlaiilf maadl

a«t«ifig th« f i rs t aaeaOa of i ts qparatlan and aftar that

i t waa aeii^MA by tf^ i3«f«ie« off ladUla Aet« lf€3t aad

t)t« Uttlfia (DXHl eia4» «Biia«r i t *

tm atatetaa «<iii^ hava pcoytdad aathority ta tlia

^^antrai an<l atata QofwrnsmmmB in Wm i^rtiiweaat«i« sa^^oii

to i.i^oae «iiii*aflaarf»iieiaa froai tioai to tiita« t ^ a l i ara

s t i l l OR tha atatoiM boQh$ ara t ^ i^mmn DiatmlMd Aroaa

mt§ I9S9« and tha Anaad ^ore»9 (Aasa« and fttiaifmr)

apaoiai POM ra Aott i9Sa» 2lia iat tar Imtng mmmdmd i a

197? extandst bttai<3«a 9^999-9 and ?%iiipfiirf to Hafaiandl and

Tci mra aii4 t i i* mitm rarrit<>ri«a of Arwiaoiiai Pra NNili

ana mi^rait tm^ tH«ref<^ra ^ t a tha nev e i^^t tan aa

•JUMad roreaa (Spaoiai 9mmr9) Aot* 19St«** 'H^ ^ l ia

tiM CMiunil and stcM a<wr»«Miwit» to tf«el«f« 9««t or iiNii«

of tJiM 9tmt of AsMM •• **tfiiiiMri>ei* «adi thmm^ t^ p^Hm

mA pmnmititmtf foie»« ot»t«ia •i^«liil pmmm in fttittlon

t^ th« iMliilMHi«ne« 9i lew and orasir* Hits in f«et wui

moA gm>H%%m mtiwitimB in tlmati iMwa r •#••••

Bm%im S of ^ « i*tt«r A<rt i foi 4«# tMt &f In

riilttloii to tor/Otat* or Uaiwi tmtnizmgf tn t^ii^ this

Nst tmt«n&th th« '3«sv»ra9r of th«y5««t» or Hi* ^a^liUetrstmr

0f that m^mi Terrlt&rr ar th* csMtral ^tmmmmmt^ in

«it!i«r ««M# i s of tii« ei. iaioa tiMit th« until* or imiy

part of mflli/k:»t« «ar Union I'err&ter^* on ttao enno ««f

tMi« in "in nn^ • di«t«r^n<I or d«igoro»« ecmdition l^mt

UMI tt.Mi Of mmM iQtwm in ni^ of c ivi l Pmmm in »iNinn«««f»**

tlw dovon^r of vtmt stntn or tlin Aaniaintmtor of ^b0t

tiaiiMi t^oitorf or thn <^tmi ^kmuammt nn tim nme niQf

iMt^iiotifinntioii in ^m o f f i c i i ^wmttn* aoeinm ^ ^

tdiolo ^ nn«!i pnrt of niH^ ntnto cMt talon ^rirltoty ^ bn

n *aintitr!Mdl nmn«*

«»I ts «»

'mm mt W9mim tim iiiitt%««y vim vwt

into #uit •««• iii# #eSNieiid tli« « l v l l l « i i^ta^iiiiit«itl€n

to tm «fi3 tilled tiw «Eigp i s tss&iH^ to f i # i t M

^%m &f potii it isi ii^%|.|»t msa UMIMW t i i * poM.II4Iity «3f

•ffestttivA liis of tli« mmw^^K^ pmmr» or SWMI t^i^t SIMINI

I^.i3ll^ MMH Sl t SIMM • • ^W ^«rt StIpSlsittS Unit bSlNMNI

wf 'OS90 is l.fi.ii'ttl>iisB'tAiit s^steift t Iirii pttd^wisJt iNI siwitt

fofess .{isailssiws <Hf «Ni €i»fsnia»Bt of tmAim vast IM> ti»

tiSJLfisdif s csQSkSltiiOii i Mloii is iMif'tssi I JlflbiMMilit ISiy SinSinsvy

Bivti^an # 9f ths i»«t «i^f «c« upon i is mmM §mmm9

« t ^ laid siMtrsxy pmmmi to srvsst sofl sMrcii ps<^Is « i i

«r£i^iaiit iwrtsiit « ^ St mxf ti«is &f tlis i s f or wlitaft*

imawr £i««ticiR i no prwiseittlMit smit ^r I sp i l

piocMMiiifif estt iMi i i i s t t tu t^ sfsifist mof mm tri mm

9mim&l ^ t^ 9immA f^wsa ssm^t vltte tiw eanssnt of tNi

sC fii€is«

f>mm &i pmmr I t tpolit Into tills N^-4imm t 9 f i

ttw 4St iiss iNiN^ !i»«<l sfsl^uit ni*m mA Wm % »»ls «e

Hmm hmm mM,ii9A as iStst tUsA* i^ifts sM mgAwm iit««

hmm aotifl«d • • AiatariMMi for t—Mmm OM 3S tely 1978

tlM scit&fio«ti9n lias t«MiB«t«d on 3 ^ftMt f^llflwiiif*

h&B tmmuifkmSit at^mt • nm»mt ttcMtr of %tit iii»eilMMMit« tftait

by xaaiaii ailit«jnr iommtt^ flM pa^^l* n«v« aMny ocM^i«ittt»

•fftiiitt tltft Riilit««y pmitmmimU mtdh M t«l(iiif mmf Qooda

iritli«tit pafwmt «adi o<Mnii««ftMi < of €•»<!•• Uk* ttiaft «ii

Mmp9 •#• fhcfii •!« iriaoiit #00 i»id»rtri»l i art»ott«i» mio immt

^mm In Jsil iiithQitt mtf mmm ^ing fi l l«a •gtiiist ^nm

in my nm^mtrw^^m ooort***

Tim Chti^mm &§^m9»ion w^irmt Ii^«*« aojrtUvra

iitwcmwm in oe^oimw t t i t proviaoa «n oeeaslon for tlw

SMmraMRt of Xfidla to pvt»el«lJi • •«•%# 0f taiiratticy and

oird»r» ttiia«r i t to -Mai witii OIMMMI •ff««tlii9 Vtm ^mimami

&w ••Qority of India or public tmfmtf ma ortSar tlif«i^nat

2»dia* I4a iaova ita diaouasian hara aa i t tfiil ba loalfeaA

intci in ^ aetidn #•

Tim uRlinrfel Aotiiritlaa {^rnvwdtiniil A«t« t967«

WI9 cRothar atwfi^nf ap^iai poiiats %t. aliieii liaa ia^iinfai

%9 V^n^tmmm^t '*nofm i aatam India t m^mm^ams «€ •

inl^ftMfe of the «0f«f«l|^%y « i i iati^r&tir i»t Iiidtia on

wlth0»% MMif «»€ (SI tl#ii% to f^m

i«#tloii« 3 ^ til* ^it ^u^mmwm i^# %ii^r«t

««iiii»tiitl* mmmimtlm^ %m 1m tm wn^mtiul tmsmlm^Mm^^ mm

l>Misi^ ^ tm "tmUMiitl ^t l i r i . t i«« Ci»ip^p«ii%i«iil fst.iNtti«l*

« i»»t&fl««tii»ii Icmti^ iBid»r i#et£«ii S sad iMa IMMMMI • f f «

my f lewKMi fells' l m^Hf wsicNiMitiit 4NP iNMiiidiȣiMi

•» I IS •

prohibit thm ua* by tli« 9ffie9*lMi«r«ra tar ••^ftmrg at sucfti

oftdtQeistion 9f th« PIIMM^ of tl)* itMoeiation aaA i t s iimo*

m^ld* psQpttirtieii e!BS*pft by p«f^s«ft<iii of tH« «» t^r t t i«s

vm0mr utetton iO« % »«€MV«r is amA mmtimimm %o tM •

mmmt of «n ftssoeitttisii i«el«r«i3 wtlawfui or t«k«s ptr t

in i ts !«r«tln|8 or eavitrllnit^s t^ or r^emi'mm or soiieits

•ny eontril9tttloii for thm purpose of «tic^ si^Miistioii CNT in

msf wiyt sssitts i t s <^»srstioiis« shsii h* pimltlhiaSAm witft

i-aprisquatnt for s t«iii «)hicii muf wctsn^ to two fSMTs* sad

sftsU siso lis iisliie «e fins* t ^ p«isl%y for«>usiii9 tfis

fiaiite of ftn uaisiiftil sssoeistisa in eontrstsiitiSB of tlis

iMHi i s iiiprisoa«^t for up%a ttirss ysars or sitfi f ivs or

with tioth, s in i isr i r vtolstioo tOt pcohiiiitisa in rsi^sot

to tUs pisos of moll sssooistiott siitsils iaprtsissowt

«itsii^ii9 to ens yssr tmA siso f i ^

I'ttniiiiHfMi §9t SiivoflMitis^ idMMitis0 oc' sAvisiim

mr iasitiitg His somiissisfi of sny laiisirftti sstivit iss is

psBn*mHMMifs ror s tsm iniKm ssijr SKSSQO to SPPSB yssrs*

Aittiou^ St ths tiais 1 ^ -tltk vss iMitij ddlsassssd ia

i^rlisMHitt tins 'ist^Mrs lisd ssprssssa t i t ^ r sppr<riumsi«A

^ « t a cAi s drseosisR mmmrnxxm »sy tni aiis4 lif s mi i t i f

psrty to tsrroriss SE^ idlps sitt i t s oppoasats WBA r ivs i

psrtisst tlist f ssr hss iNNm oostrsdietsd l ^ sKpsrissss*

Sm MtUt Gl^kf pfWWWI •ll%i4i4i||l»iUMI4l.S.# MCNMUdliMEt&S% Of

li»i»9 titii Qntliirlaf at #ii> Alt India B H ^ stutNmti

•tioit in IM< af%Mr i t s «a«plietty tdtli ^ « ««rrQ«iiit

fntwRua s«eitfi%f A«t« I f f I C^^Al i#iic^ wm* MiMrtMi i »

tlM wiiiHi of mtmmmMm iMt « i i oiritr « I t i« i t i^« mmm%i»9

ewiMm c«t«« ifMNi«tei«l #iKi9i»t&oii8 and • ^pal» »f p&Hm

«leai fiiuria*ara» 9!»^r%lf bc»f of« tli« mi^immk ^ %IMI Xiiai«

tmm^mA tmitm dmrim tt7€« tiw «@«mus« IMMIVIMI • ^f«l»cii

oi r^ l i t iea l si^SMMien «• i t wmm »mt»m9lkwm%f itstiMS to

ailMMBw mmtMLm pai i t icul i3pp<»«iti«ii wmi tm^mm paiiaicr

•fitAti^R* tit'en iflMs^siQf iMii pe&eli^m^ on tii« i i i# i t

«ii tS«>ti Jiiwe« iffSf i t ia ataf^^i ^&% $!f§ pmmum i a e l a ^

inf a i i ^M i taiata c»f ^^.0aii^0ii poli t imii pftttiaa ivata

atvaatad am^ iataitia^* Wn^e the princiiiat J^mt. ttea ^ R M O ^

£>f iatwstiaa htA to tM iBtomtaiiaa iNI to ttia datai»aa witHiii

a fait mf» tet tm^MT t ^ ^i^^taa A«t d«tai«a«i « m i i »s^

iia t a l i tiia §jnniiiaa @f t^air iataatiott and tieca i<»tM,Mm

• i n •

iNiii ms^ wait filal* to Xiissvtr thfos^ natural cur cemmm

Urn* m« m®A (mwmA »mm&m»^ Aet« if7«*

MCtloii t§A im ommw to eiKt«iii tlw ptirioA of 4«t«Rti«ii 3

o£ ImSim ^et« 19ti» «i4 rffrvtt* ^i* iwmUMbU^ »i»tmmm of

Xnaift ^tlM* t9 eontiol «i4a «JMMI of tiMi Ufa* wiA aetl*

irit^«s of th« iadlvia^Alii mud rmifia* As ine«^«a ! • i97S

tha iOt iNi c^ thii Act mm cjttimdaa to ctov r 'iiitacM*!

immMitf in aa4itie»i to *eivii #»f«ne** •fattt«t wiftafiial

•ffratniOR provid«a for tt «r«md»r« thus* in al l fttt«v«iit

plaeas i» tlM» principal Aet ti>e nntnnaaioK *lAt««n«l

tt««arit|^ wmt Jtixti eiMd witli "eivil ilt»foa«««* 3isil«rly«

th« aafggggigy pfoelainc^ In 191% mm m&ntimm^ In |tt3itii»

poiiitiqR with that af l*^?!* ' IBA ima %'tt ««2Ml<}«d ^i«

priiM^pal iaatma^'ats of th« r«pffaaaiv« enar^aney rsgina

^triii^ idia 19 t»^tha of ita oxiatenoa*

ftia 5a€«ica of India mt^ lf71« ooofaiwd far hfoa»

aar i^a aira^ inf anttiaritiaa on tha EMWRttiva than tha

3« TOr a^tAilad proviaiona mm Mm»9m&im ff«

3« 3aa A|»panaiic a«

CoXonial D«f«tiee of Zndi* Aet« I f )9«

with thtt '^smiXmmti^im of Eaerfcmsf da* to **ii^«f»ai dl»m

tiistHMKMi* ia additiOB ta dac iiliicli tiM s t i l l flCMtiauiiig

alticm B^ecadMr i l T i ay«t ta «»«ttr»«l affgii?v««i«i« tt^c

pol i t ical siMilpulstioii o£ tiM —WMfgmoy Frovisiona of th«

Xn^imn Con^ututloii if«« a ^<M«iit«ii« tiuriii9»poi8t in tlMi

dbwulOf' aMRit o€ thfi fIftd^ilift^ ilcaooftttie pol i t i iOl i alNMit

mi #jffin9 tiMi QooTftt of t i l * fHwt 19 iioRtlMi fSm syvtrnt wt»

traiuifoiiMNS h»toTA etoofnitioo* Vli« tr«ft«forwitiOfi«

wtmig^t into ttio eoft«titatiOfi«l»i«ittl frwuwoiii auviii?

this peilod «sd ttio owttrfifi? fostiuros of tito mmr^mnef

gi^^bm hmnt bmm waply disenssed in Oiiptsf Vt of tills

stady* Hsrs ym m^flyf fsospltusto Wtm a^stft of soiisti*

ttitiossX st saameats sod "l^lsss** Xsifs tfliioh lisd no • !»

1)iit th« srosian of t^m aitls of Isn maSi the sfiKilisfiiM*

tion of ths Ctmiitltutioa tmA ths j itaicisl off«i«

s< 3aais of the notocic^s statutss of tho mrnrgtaof

psfiooa worn t The Cffertstitytion CiSndl AsteftamsAtl Aet« 19^#

soMi of th« i K>ss oofsftous wi^ «fiti«NS«noer«tio f»stitirss

wots purgsS bf ths Jsnts "'srtr i^fiiis thiroy#i t - s i^fisti«»

taitioii (#4^ twmdNni t) Aot# If73« fh« i^fsviintion of

Pithliestioa of ohjsoticmitiiils Nattsr ^^t* I97§a ths Fsr l i *

^eti I97i| «ia the wmmm emmiil t^t^mAf Aeft« l9T«t

M(%0 1174 (Car&paa^), ««« aMit<l«a «wl«« atactiif tii« iwiffi**

fi«(3f m0 « • • «itiiisiiiipel^ ti9«Ki ftfiiliMit •eeiK»il« offimdNicv

t#ifi» iscKil i licit iM ii9ld atKsouRtiiiila tifii«t t)Mi imcimil tm^t

pfQm^kt»e9m ^ mmmd^mmi #f tills Aot «f i#oi«i Hi t97S

p£Qi»i<3«d tt'iat air«iiics cif <i#t^iiti«B wmSm wmims tim ^•ximt

^ t Hi two oir »)ir# iTotmiit wttiw t# i»« J««wi^ to iMwnt IMWB

a»ld« ft®iMMr«e«l;r mt ••«ti of ©itc:li fjroitfiils« l^m COrSPOSA

C^MHidWHt) A(st# ltd#t turn mrnmArn^ metimk f of tiMi pwrwit

i&r m pmxi,9A of mim mm^M witiimit «»f»n«ic» tei •» Aifi»

mpQg^md tu h iNi ii««it w»d$ iMa«r ^ i « m^

t result of t^« a#jipor«tlc ^li^tion cif I t77 £r i« i «» ac»

mtmi vitii iNi^ 19 t»i« «iiyua«s»o«f«tlfif «oef«tft«n« to ttM

of r^iMntiai c^^asaittltt •:^rdln«r.c«, X9tf# v^vm Hr»«

XfidlirA 3<a{iahi a;;sln tormm^ h«r ^ov^rmttfit: M « iwsult £»f

tho ^3«ii«e«l Elttction of t9aa# t;h« latter ordinanoc vet

liaprowMl upon and fa«di» mavK •v««|^nmf tti« Pr*v«Btioii of

IllaclBEa»rk«ting Mt a ' iftinfe Ttimo* 3f £>iippli«« af i»«efitl«i*

C«Kt«Kiltic-« /c%t 3.1»80» tii»aer i t %hm -JonweniMmt nt i nincdt

atathorit^ ta »&giil«t# inatyatrlal ewttfin In w> f«r I M i t

ftf2eet«id *i>«e«iiti«l ••rvle«tt<*» itw ^et ^mn wmnm^^tUk in t t t i

ta psemlBm l ^ t in ««•• of pmrmemm iriNieondinf to »v<iia

•iteoutiofi of a«it«Riaii orders «h« off ieM« mtMmtimii d«^M»»

tiofi iMf ta^« mmmmmii'rf m/%Xtm tmSi i t Mi l l »•% 1M iwe»««ainr

that th« fiotian b« init iated i y tli« *i«ipfDgNri«t« 9civ»f»*

sieat**

oac c«^«crkftbl« i«u o£ t e «. «P9®iicy period^ iia^?4jf#

Bifttaybftd hm>n» (spoeiaX -CKirtt) ^ t * i976« ¥«s «& Act

wnicti vnabied UIG state Jov«flK»€Mits to 8t;t up apvoial

Court* fsr si-'ft^d/ t r i « l ^f cases Invcslvin-ij uffcnce* wnri«r

tHo Zfi^lan I' miil Code in sre iia i4icrc! conMstmaX* oM've or

«• I I I w

otfuir «Btt%«ritii wk^^mum USm^ pt&m^ tiMi tmt wm mmmMm

a*d in IfSt t» cnglils ^Mi c«itr»]L dovwriMtnt f^matrwrn^lt

vith tiift "it*^ HovHEwtonts tQ ^metmm'msf •<«• • • disfeiuriMNI

m*A to M t HI) •p«(it«l c»iiff«ii for ii|NMi^ iii^e»al of OMNM*

H«pf»II]ft 99 i«r • • ^ Ni cocmctonoo of ftwioitfot oo—wml

£i.ots lo ooiicomod# iMiitnor tho ototo Ooyomwnf nor «li«

c^^rol OofOJMiiaiit li«vo pfo««itt*»d on Ifi^foioiiro fooostf of

t}io proopt us* of t^oir sgoeiol iioiforo to try tho offoii»

aor« ^H£eu#i tho opoeiol coarto to ^Ivo oidlft Jnttftoo

to tho ifietiaw of o^frMoicin*

UNi asot o^totandiog oe^ntribotion ett »«ro« $>ORahi*o

rmt^Eoa qofonif'Kot in I f id IMO tlio forawi lootorotton of

tlio drootio proolttioBo of tNi hotoi mxsA oni I^IA in tho

wSsm M ttui motional %oaritY -^t* I9i0«

Ao awm^*^ in t9S4 i t hoo oorpoo«o4 OINM tiio Rooiott

Aot« Xt oos oMiro tho eontf«i amA stoto dovomnwoto to

dotidlii Znaioii mt forvign noti^ois for m mtmirmm pmxtoA

of tM«lvo amths^ lotwr f^«»aod to 94 laotttiio tmi noltiplo

aotoRtiwio on MMltii^lo fffotmao oro i>o«iiiittoa« to piovont

•eticms 111 any mmmw projitdiioiai %» tho Sootitltr of t ^

ototo tm tho ntiDtonofioo of publio curior or mi^^a^ m^

e n o i ^ t i o i tMTVlOOO*

4« soo A^^M^ix ^

« ta t •

HWKttb only %o IIIMI MSA in i>i poipt*fMMi md MMtl ipi Hv

tli« ar««3«il lf«itit iark<s«> of i s s tnt ia l %irvt(MMi Mit fCSMK)

*99amiti9l mtwwiema^ am litgtmA i « ^m Mrt »ia to %ms^mm

wtwiMmtm for s ix naaHui aMtmt • •^ftaar? trtal* tWiing p«rt

in «ii i l i»9»I strlkft mm^^ tw pitiiiiiMiil>l« with siii aontiMi*

itii^i«oiwnia»» • iiiia «f «•• 1008 »r iM>tli» SNT oc^MiiatoVf

or ^lipinf fla«ic:i«l si^tiport ta an iXl«9»l atttlic wifth «

L M t tal« n o t I f t M t i t»l« f • « • d f tiMI WMfcWIWIOy •

oriiiUMriet r«i IMMI t;i«M|lMid beyond m§ aaa&% dttrtaf tlitt

]pita|i^ «yi«i0 of i9tli»l9i«* fli« qtowmMtaat di« noe IMMP*

t$Mi poUtleai mtmnltJiti^kaX to a««t 4 4 ^ Mi tnaftt MBt

etimie ixsUtieal ma>9«mmt •opirlitg tor wm^mml ••If*

dfi>t9fii^«ti9n» It» thew^mmt f « l i tMM9i OH th« mmm

eoiani i l r ^>r*»iiiYe %M^mii|a«« i«^i^ %mm htmm mmA im.

«h« wM^^imamt mirinq tJem pmat two dto—<!•»# awMiIr* i>!r

8fi«e«iA;i th« Punjab f ls«ttiii«dl AWM %t« I9tif atumOiwu^

i^wtmimA ^f«« Aetf I f i i i imi^ rmmm (vwn$ab «iA ChandU*

9Mti) %eei«l PcK««r« Aet* 19841 m^ tit* ii«aa«A t^trofiat

^fMltea Ate«« (%«ei«X Courfsa) Aet« tfdf* Sine* «h«M

6« N« i^ppmiAi* It

•idwd in velstten to vm^^fy «aa Oiaiiii&ipffi tiw irtMKiiiitict

/ et «fid f ur i v wNSlfiai i«etiiNi l i in fi^tioi to fiwjali at A

ana ChiRdifftili*

tmi ttttt •£ f «et of tii«Mi i«w« i« tn* aMttnotion tii* diif jcftig pr«Ni#ta»« 8ftd of t}i« eiidl ftdMnistratiaii ani

€ 3civ«ra&oR ^f • i^mte wtrai^mqitimllt mmmiti'vm «t«« into

• ndlitsfy 9mm* '^^t ^o9B no-: m^w I M U fdf eoii«tltii»

<• EJUS i f f IT fftifflft • Aji 9 t t r t l i,i»

fUtt 9iir|i9«« ctf lOilc Seetiim i« t^ siiair ^Mit 9wrt

KVXXX c^ «NI t»Al9m CoiMitlttatelori «iid « e IMlcnet of In^a

immk m tMMi« «^ tiMt s>oUtte«l iir«t««t ffiangfe #!• stctielMUM

^ «mw: f«i(i«y« i igielftl aid mt*annox^tmtf fnaitiipv paw»r»

MOP Iw tii«wr*tie«ll.!r mi^ in oei«r aoring • wmt or

iwtionid B«oaritv mmf^gmicf ma quito juatifioa ecmsti*

tutlcmailf hmmaum t!hmm pmmw mem boiiif 9»mmimA In

7* i « i »ippmt&iM ^.

« 114 «>

th« JL»%wrR«t of tfi« <s«f««9« of tiM omm^Ff mnA pwmmtwm^

tioo of the ODiui%ittitioftftl oc^r* % t i t i t Wm mmmmt

&i mmTmiB% of thoMi s>oi#«r« ^ tho i nMntiiPW «li«t IHM

inn^^Ml «rit iei i i i« ttm poUt le* ! riaSts iM( 9aft i v z i l

ooaM ii€»t te ^ii^ig|^«i# aorlng tlt« mm mamgigmmittB of t f i t f

i f iS* Mid l ^ l « OS in ^Sm t l i i i i i of nationoliot fooliaip

^•4^io ipio«« «i3f ipioi«%ioii» of e i i^ l iibortioo me 4OIN»

truetion of l9§mt pmm^t^m» ^^^IP ^ ' x ^ • ov any

iiM^ ef oonfi^Qieo in tlio poi i t ieai liu^ltationa maA

mmf i a not e^oilenfo 1^« io^itlioMiy of tfio qotoiammt

«• «i @«ioi»t ^ittvifif tho novtiao* BO « iiotioiuil e i i o i *

dooo ii9t VMnilt la 0 oi^oiff of i&m pei i t leol ofttMi^ tt

woo ftot b^oro tho waq^offioneot iritli tno i f iiMitlio ol4l

oiviiioB OQMirfotMff «oi«t •o lc i f to mutt$ iSoiieotio pe i i *

%i99X oppooition ^ o t tMF i ia#»(a of tno foandii^ f o l ^ m

mw oofioyLoijr ^MitiorMNI* ?lie cbitdo aoa itioitoo of mmp>»

fMicf fowof* onaor oiAf «€C3A MMS otiiov i«v« no* oair

turodNid t ^ Iwliof ill iniio of i«i» tm& os^ofMiiMNi tlio

aoiaciov«tie poiit ieoi inotit^tioiio te« iod tiHo «it ioi»o

to goootioo ttio lo f i t iaMy of tho wiiotinv poiit iooi &9§mt

i tooif*

Aithoogli oiM^odie ii!ioii9oio»« siy tuo c itMMo tsoopw

into I Hi XodlMi toxfitoffr noi^ tf^in^tm^ iwom vum to tiMit

t!i« ciiitHMw l«iiieh«<l • MMlv* uttjMSi in nwflk ami ^^^

cm 39 Ottto^r I9t2« On 3€ Oo«ob*r tili« ffmilKitaat of ttiMm

Immm^ m Pnmlmmtlmi of fSamv^msf mA pfWMtgatsd t9M)

DitfceMMi of X I ^ I A ^IKIIIIMIIMI# ocmfairlim fMiMf gpnoir pCHNNm

on th® aowiwtiwit to dcsl wltn &h« situation* UMI Doftno*

of fiM3i« oraifi«fio« ims grocitttd on 3 llov«ii^r# maipo^ttimfs

Vm ^s&wwammt to a««2 with mtiwiitttionsl. «ii<l Miti^Nioeiai

clofliaiits Hhieh miitit ititMffiiro itif^ tlM miti«R«l wme

«ffo;t dhiiini? ttie »iwrg«wigy» talHirt both tlMl ordiiMiMMHl

warn tmplmtA by th* r)»fccie^ of Xaaitt Act* i9l(3» UMI

(^^y^mtammnt tikin pttwil^at^d^ th« folliyi^ii^ %IMI taad«r

the actt (i) th« %f«iie« of Xndis ^^M** 1963# <it} ldi«

Civil D«€fttK!« smgyiiiBm itiii««« i9ft?| ( i i i ) «li# timimmm of of

i^i«% i9t;t imd (iv) i Mi i>efoiie« of Xi«Sift (i^plOfMmt

of ^•^nieal P«ir9i m«l in isctiofiai ^ wririfis*) itatm* i9«9«

t^tring th« opoimti^i of th« ^ roelMMtion of tw»f |may

tho centTftl doytBtitBt wm msi^mmrt^. to iamio (Sixwetiofit

to Ktato QovexmmmtB on nattort ifinf tfithift tlM «%«%«

|ttft9dlietioii» t «rU«9<mt wid atatii uifi@ia«tt««« worn

•a »o« r«d to m§k« Imm tihie-? say ^bffidfa #iifi l«iiefit«i iki9lita

li^ar Artiel« !§• tiidor t ^ o«if«aeo of Xiidia net* t!i«

Central ^oirMi ^at i«ia flwtHoriaaa to muke ittaias iiliieh tai^t

« i 3 « «

iMi t«ii»2^otit Of tli« pitat^imft of %!!• i n i ooiurta* f^ t^* r«

«K^ld Also ff«HMi %1«« tHi^ur ^m Acrtu

oi Xn^m Aiti«» tend no eight to ma99 muf otturt fihatlAiigiatf

the vaiiaitv^ pf tliaiv a*t«»%i«i an th* ?«9iMa «li«% «^fttr

i»ia«ts«fi%itl. i i i ^ t s ttna«r Article l i«at widi 22 (^ tlM Qpna.

t it i tt lan ii«4 iw«ii i a f r i M *

iQw &IK tMif» wm^Af vt haiia MliAA liidift inm •itfitMitftA

tiMi %f«Rc» of Snai* Aet« IMt« ippU«d to #i» vtioltt

of Xndii* md ta mH tttAlm «&%i«ini«« i«lM^«r insid* or

tS'jtftifSo tti« eaoBtr/* zta pttmmlpmt pt<mimimi» I M M I M I

fOllQ%^«g

&# ,yf s^raon i^oSatinf Idio amttsigooer r»geIotios« ^ t h a

ViOM <^ MOiOtiftf «h« Of'ifOWMMT OOm^ff tfO«14 1»0 ttldlUMi

%G to) tDO <S««ili pwm^tft mt iW l i f o iiprlooiHiont* (MT

(«> i^ri«oii8i»at for ui^io 10 yo^ 'o* Por«oiio oontMMSOd to

mnf of tiiooo ponoitioo ifoao ^lYon tim r i ^ % to ^^ooi to

tho High coitirt*

• t t t -

3« *mf «tt«m>fc at mit^martim national mae irtfort in

•ttctfi a maanair aa wi'iht hm oi aaaiat-' wsa ta tlia »9Mf»

woaldl b« pmiima^:)!* iqr taprtac^fimmt for a awidflwi of

mwmk f^mrm^ or fJt|«« »r tr»t}s«

9* spaelal trlinittala vara to iw aat up i v atata Oavmxmm

. aenta t^ t r r of imnt»» itaa#r t ia aaarflanoy zagulatlana*

4* ftm 3ovaii9tt«<it waa ^iiran ^lianaiva powara ia «ai^

araaa of tlhm aatieaoai U f a in purault of tha o^Jftotiaat

of th# Pf«»oi«»ati<3n ^f se»®£^pfi «

ifia MA 19tf?t iiaa bsaieallir a .no^ifiaa wmr9i<m of

tfta niAf tt39» Tf! their haat« to proviaa far tha aaarfooey

ariaint out of ^ e Qiinaaa a^raaaion thof igpsoraa tlia

diffar^ioaa i^ioh had h^mn introauoad ia ttw Xndtan p o U ^

aloea t fS i * f t therefore cavaiaad eoioelai l a iatant*

fo i^ and »»)iatime« wnA proiriaad a M»aa], for tl»a iat«r i

i>%fenoa of Xadi«# 1971*

tha than Zndiaa tiR!»a Piinitter ^•lw^tRaa« aanoitii ad 9

in ^ e yaik Sitfi a on 27 April i9tfs t^at tfia atata ef mmw»

fooe^ ^roelai'Vi*^ after t i« Oilscaa aifraaatcA of i9i2 wmlA

not hm ra i^ad for tn« praa«ntf iNrt tHa f@>nca ' f India

$^ for a dataiiaa analyaia of 0XA« |9ft9 and DZ^ aaa KvC* Chattarjae and P*?ar«^«aaararaot ^^rqaaty and Law {aoaibay# i9i?)« • » - - - - - - . - « — — «

"S* zha stj|t£ai^« 2f April 19i$«

itisl«s if«nld in fatiim to* nir dE onJlir la «•«%•&» beMra«r

li«d tmmi ti»3*r stsoag pyttusurt to Hit ths stAt* of ®«»i>»

^immf trmk lasith th« oppostti-'fi and a SecH(JL«3a of tli«

i]»acr th# -KiHe'cncc of Ziidi« Fculeai to a#tiiin pol i t ieal

i^pontntfi for jrf.'a»on» ia«s«m??«cti» witsr nationai •f^»irl^«

Tit« **uprKti® coart haa al«e> stronf l p erlt ioiaa^ th# «ba««

Off th« DafiwcNi of ffiiUa i^i«s on t i f'abcuaxy nhan OK^»W»

ifigi 'tlia r«ilMi»« 1^ a t-f#talisa<t on tH« ^soitnd t iMt fila

flia 9««»iit nmS^ttitf of paraowi ai«taiii»a WK^ar tlia

i: it «««f« fftl«a9»a in hptix §m3 mf» ^etmtm &}nmt S0#01O

paopla liwra wi^^r aat«iti«ii on t ^mmmtf^ i t WM t»ff leisl l f

atatad an 11 iiajf ^ a t onlr ^tJ paraona iiam a t i l l Jat«lmii«

TIta '?<»vaciiaHHit on St %&^ iasuad a iiotif ication that tlia

atata dovwcimanta insat tfl»t<alit tiia pravioita as^tovfti «^

tha Cantrai aavamaieat Iwfara taitia^ p««ira«itiv<a of snail*

t iva naaavM aa imaar ssxa« Hia natif ieatlon did not api»iy

t!9 iK^r^r atat«a imd tarritairlas of ^aan* Kaahair*

Hi^lanaf aei:">ur« arKi ^'ilpiirei* Xa i».')«^paiiaation« £>:?

• l i t •

l iM «s^tfitea for imottinr tmm &i Wmmi fmxm wif^ • if^irt

A eiamrmme mttmrnn tfm tnAitm rniA irittsh prmstitm

dNpioiMit on sfmniil victimtic^ by ?«rltiim«mt for £t»

^i»tiniiwio«# ifi tn^iM t!i« }tfi»^«e nets evtr sinct the

ooionifti ti've r^^ in in fore« t i l l tH« mmtlmmnee <ii a

PsH>el»titttiofi af i^r^wicsy* •»€ for • fi«r£^ of «ix anmtltr

tti»«»«f^MP, s«i tli« ciovdWflMmt wHleli ecmwiiii!!* • tmS^tttf

in P«rlt«EiMMt ecn ptoloi^ thf> <!«• of fs««rf«fi0f powers

in^iiniteXfm fh«§tm hai^m ' •«» #«t«iitiaB« of rmrvmn

m^^w ^tm iQ (I) Clil for v^^mmmtm n ^ qomfcfd wti^ ^m

<!«f«riiMi of Z ^ i « «id i M fr«^9ii« IKKS ittwtfimm idammm*

t i « i of Df'% e«U«d «vwi tii«n for « r«Siewl fstnuiv* iit rart 19

XIPIII Of th« CmuitiiMUon,

A« re^pnl« thv Jii0iei«l 9«f«9ti«rifl« tHe xmm>M af

tlia li^iait Wl^^nr ?|p!llci«rf «• eompurs^ %Hltfi thitt of t h *

u«K* mdl i:iMtliii«»n«« Hca b««ii ^IIK!I«|« fh« Court* haw

ti«)ii o r^r« Ri«a« durlnf tl'ta oparatioii c}f a proeli^atiQi)

I6« £•« for Cme% »a«*s ftA-fssiad '3li^aa« *A^aa BtetSi NiawNi of the £«f«fw# of India % 1 M I * « £ | J 4 | i

• two «*

fma» of tiMi Q!ipp»0iti«iff D«v» !ti^ • 0immmtm%im «f t « i t on

ham { MMirwit *'^«rUiiM»t«rr oont«0l trill hm s t i t s

Icsweat ebb ^uttnj im ^mmt^itmeft p«rtiaal«rlf If thm

mmtgmm*/ in siift ers«t«d 1^ v«jr or «f9C«8ftiOR« tti* lusg*

ctalws iftvoimMl !ii the titntfflef ^ « e«3a««i{i urf« for nir»

vivfti i»id t^# ur^tmt r&<pri.e«f!ii«iit» tif' a«fmK9«« •««# liridfw

HI* MMiermmmw h^t'^mem th« oexvmrrxmmt mnd eq;>po«ltiofi» HM

li#it«fiiiit wmmH vlth ^dffi i #!tier|«ney t»vii ar« gimmmXiy

oeftMMI iHii! CKfjtsliitioiia m»Sm leaves i i t t l * f49<Mi for jttnaf Si

•;td •if!!Mt« ia pmellemmMv* Thm re«i eim** off %lw iMsiim of t!w fi»Si«!i PmeiAmmit ^rin§ m mn^gmmt ! • tlit%

**tti* 30i( iirK»(sii% hR« «t ov««i^«i«iii9 »«i0ri«!r in hot^ nmtmm*

UMI ctitJiiCKritr of < arlittiMtit i s tim imtliorii^ of tli« 9ov«c»>»

mmt% i>ttrii«Bittnt in Xfidi«# wslilc* ^w iirlti«h ]NurUi«tR%«

iA»i t i l l tH« FfMirtli fi«fi*nil ti^etiofis doidlAtttM bf « tlfiyi*

p«r«9 tHiieii eooid nfforA to i tKirv i^« oppovitimim ti»it

i« nhy «}i«ri^mi no nm4 f€»r • cKNilition ^Smmemmi^ i a

Xiiaio 1^ ai^ t i a t <^iriii9 tSi« SaMr<30fMif**

i t * ^'''^^P9ra^m^hMU!tmr^<&0 *7li« woln of l»«rIt«aMiit iSurlnf ^m

B^alf i(f|# ikpril- THiw ItiTt i2« iiMid*