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है”ह”ह

IS 15027-3 (2003): Micrographics - Vocabulary, Part 3: FilmProcessing [MSD 5: Documentation and Information]

IS 15027 (Part 3): 2003ISO 6196-3:1997

Indian Standard

MICROGRAPHICS — VOCABULARYPART 3 FILM PROCESSING

ICS 01 .040.37; 37.080

@ BIS 2003

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

September 2003 Price Group 3

Documentation and Information Sectional Committee, MSD 5

NATIONAL FOREWORD

This Indian Standard ( Part 3 ) which is identical with ISO 6196-3 : 1997 ‘Micrographics —Vocabulary — Part 3: Film processing’ issued by the International Organization for Standardization( ISO ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on the recommendation of Documentation andInformation Sectional Committee and approval of the Management and Systems Division Council.

The text of the ISO Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as an Indian Standardwithout deviations. Certain conventions are, however, not identical to those used in Indian Standards.Attention is particularly drawn to the following:

Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ appear referring to this standard, they should be readas ‘Indian Standard’.

In this adopted standard, normative reference has been made to ISO 3166 : 1993 ‘Codes forrepresentation of names of countries’. This standard has been superseded by ISO 3166-1 :1997‘Codes for representation of names of countries and their subdivisions — Part 1: Country codes’, forwhich an identical Indian Standard IS 14836 ( Part 1 ) :2000 exists.

In the adopted standard, normative reference has also been made to following International Standardsfor which there are no Indian Standards:

International Standard Title

ISO 1087:1990 Terminology — Vocabulary

ISO 10241:1992 International terminology standards — Preparation and layout

The concerned Sectional Committee has reviewed the provisions of these International Standards andhas decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard.

In addition to this part, ISO 6196 ‘Micrographics — Vocabulary’ has the following parts:

Part 1 : General terms

Part 2: image positions and methods of recording

Part 4: Materials and packaging

Part 5: Quality of images, legibility, inspection

Part 6: Equipment

Part 7: Computer micrographics

Part 8: Use

Part 10: Index

For all the above parts of ISO 6196, Indian Standards also exist and are identical with ISO Standards.

While adopting, only the English language text of the International Standard has been retained in thisIndian Standard.

IS 15027 (Part 3):2003ISO 6196-3:1997

Introduction

Micrographicsgives rise to numerous international exchanges of both an intellectual and a materiai na!ure.These exchanges often become difficult,either because of the great variety of terms used in various fields orlanguages to express the same concept, or because of the absence or imprecisionof the definitions of usefulconcepts.

To avoid misunderstandings and to facilitate such exchanges it is essential to clarify the concepts, to selectterms to be used in various languages or in various countries to express the same concept, and to establishdefinitions providing satisfactory equivalents for the various terms in different languages.

The purposeof ISO6196 is to provide definitions that are rigorous, uncomplicated and which can be understoodby all concerned. The scope of each concept defined has been chosen to provide a definition that is suitable forgeneral application. In those circumstances, where a restricted application is concerned, the definition may needto be more specific.

However, while it is possible to maintain the self-consistency of this individual standard, the reader is warned thatthe dynamics of language and the problems associated with the standardization and maintenance ofvocabularies may introduce duplications and inconsistencies among other standards.

i

IS 15027 (Part 3) :2003ISO 6196-3:1997

Indian Standard

MICROGRAPHICS — VOCABULARYPART 3 FILM PROCESSING

Section 1: General

1.1Scope

1.3 Principles and rules followed

1.3.1 Definition of an entry

This part of ISO 6196 is intended to facilitate international Section 2 comprises a number of entries. Each entrycommunication in micrographics. It presents, in two consists of a set of essential elements that includes anlanguages, definitions of selected concepts used in index number, one term or several synonymous terms,micrographics and identifies relationships between the and a phrase defining one concept. In addition, an entryentries. may include examples, notes or illustrations to facilitate

understanding of the concept.

In order to facilitate their translation into other languages,the definitions are drafted so as to avoid, as far as Occasionally, the same term may be defined in different

possible, any peculiarity attached to a language. entries, or two or more concepts may be covered by oneentry, as describedin 1.3.5 and 1.3.8 respectively.

1.2 Normative referencesThe presentation rules laid down in ISO 10241 are

The following standards contain provisions which, throughreference in this text, constitute provisions of this part ofISO 6196. At the time of publication, the editions indicatedwere valid. All standards are subject to revision, andparties to agreements based on this part of ISO 6196 areencouraged to investigate the possibility of applying themost recent editions of the standards indicated below.Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currentlyvalid International Standards.

followed in ISO 8196.

Other terms such as vocabulary, concept, term anddefinition, are used in this part of iSO 6196 with themeaning defined in ISO 1067.

1.3.2 Organization of an entry

Each entry contains the essential elements defined in1.3.1 and, if necessary, additional elements. The entrymay contain the foliowing eiements in the foilowing ordec

ISO 1087:1990, Terminology — Vocabulary. a) an index number (common for all languages in whichthis part of ISO 6196 is published);

ISO 3166:1993, Codes for the representation of names ofcountries. b) the term or the generaily preferred term in the

language, The absence of a generaliy preferred term forISO 6196-1:1983, Micrographics — Vocabulary — the concept in the ianguage is indicated by a symboiPart 01: Generai terms. consisting of five points (.....); a row of dots may be used

to indicate, in a term, a word to be ohosen in eachiSO 6196-4:1986, Micrographics — Vocabulary — patticuiar case;Part 04: Materials and packaging.

iSO 10241:1992, /nfernationa/ terminology standards —Preparation and layout.

c) the preferred term in a particular country (identifiedaccording to the rules of ISO 3166);

1

IS 15027 (Part 3) :2003ISO 6196-3:1997

d) the abbreviationfor the term; 1.3.7 Useof parentheses

e) permitted synonymous term(s);In some terms, awordor words printed in bold typefaceare placed between parentheses. These words are part of

f) the text of the definition (see 1.3.4);the complete term, but they may be omitted when use ofthe abridged term in a technical context does not

g) one or more examples with the heading “Example(s)”;introduce ambiguity. In the text of another definition,example, or note of ISO 6196, such a term is used only inits complete form.

h) one or more notes specifying particular cases in thefield of application of the concepts with the heading“NOTE(S)”;

In some entries, the terms are followed by words inparentheses in normal typeface. These words are not a

i) a picture, a diagram, or a table which could be commonparl of the term but indicate directives for the use of the

to several entries.term, its particular field of application, or its grammaticalform.

1.3.3 Classification of entries

A two-digit serial number is assigned to each part of 1.3.8 Use of bracketsISO 6196, beginning with 01 for the pari entitled “Generalterms”.

When several closely related terms can be defined by

h certain cases, the entries are classified in groups totexts that dfler only in a few words, the terms and their

which is assigned a four-digit serial number the first twodefinitions are grouped in a single entry. The words to be

digits being those of the partofISO6196.substituted in order to obtain the different meanings areplaced in brackets, i.e. [ ], in the same order in the termand in the definition. To avoid uncertainty regarding the

Each entry is assigned a six-digit index numbec the firstwords to be substituted, the last word that according to

four digits being those of the part of ISO 61,96 and thethe above rule could be placed in front of the opening

group.bracket is, wherever possible, placed inside the bracketand repeated for each alternative.

In order that versions of ISO 6196 in various languagesare related, the numbers assigned to parts, groups, andentries are the same for all languages.

1.3.9 Use of terms printed in boid typeface1.3.4 Seiection of terms and wording of in definitions and the use of an

definitions asterisk

The selection of terms and the wording of definitionshave, as far as possible, followed established usage. A term printed in bold typeface in a definition, an example,

Where there were contradictions, solutions agreeable to or a note is defined in another entry in ISO 6196, which

the majority have been sought. may be in another part. However, the term is printed inbold typeface only the first time it occurs in each entry.

1.3.5 Muitipie meanings

When, in one of the working languages, a given term hasBold typeface is also used for other grammatical forms of

several meanings, each meaning is given a separatea term, for example, plurals of nouns and participles ofvedm.

entry to facilitate translation into other languages.

The basic forms of all terms printed in bold typeface which

1.3.6 Abbreviationsare defined in ISO 6196 are listed in the index at the endof the part (see 1.3.1O).

As indicated in 1.3.2, abbreviations in current use aregiven for some terms. Such abbreviations are not used in An asterisk is used to separate terms printed in boldthe texts of the definitions, examples or notes. typeface when two such terms are referred to in separate

2

IS 15027 (Part 3):2003ISO 6196-3:1997

entries and directly follow each other (or are separated 1.3.10 Organization of the alphabeticalonly by a punctuation mark). index

Words or terms that are printed in normal typeface are tobe understood as defined in current dictionaries or

For each language used, an alphabetical index is

authoritative technical vocabularies.provided at the end of each part. The index includes allterms defined in the part.

3

IS 15027 (Part 3) :2003

ISO 6196-3:1997

Section 2: Terms and definitions

03.01(film) processing

the treatment of exposed photographic material bychemical or physical means to make the latent imageclearly visibleand ultimatelyusable

03.02

conventional processing

processing, including development, *fixing, ●washingand drying of silver film in which the polarity of theoriginal is reversed in the image

03.03reversal processing

processing of silver film in which the polarity of theoriginal is maintained in the image

03.03.01full reversal processing

reversal processing that requires secondary exposureand development, or a secondary development usingfogging agents

03.03.02partial reversal processing

reversal processing that omits the secondary exposureand development or secondary development usingfoggingagents

03.04colour processing

processing in which the oxidation products of thedeveloping agent react with a coupler incorporated inthe developer or film to produce a dye close to eachsilver grain

03.05wet processing

processing using chemicals in liquid form

03.06dry processing

processing in which chemicals incorporated in the filmreact to heat or gas or both

03.07bath

a chemical solution in water used in wet processing

03.08stop bath

an acid solution in wet processing that arrests the actionof developer

03.09development

a processing step in which the latent Image k madevisible

03.10developer

a chemical solution used in the development process

03.11developing agent

active agent of the developer

03.12

activator

an agent which either initiatesor accelerates the action ofthe developing agent in the photosensitive layer

03.13fixing

a processing step which converts the residual lightsensitive silver halides into soluble salts removed bywashing to make the developed Image stable

03.14fixer

a chemical used in the fixing process

IS 15027 (Part3) :2003ISO 6196-3:1997

03.15 03.19stabilization (colour) couplerclearing (US) (see also 03.1 6) coupling agent

a processing step for vesicular films consisting of anoverall exposure following development of the Imagethat renders the film insensitive to light in order to makethe developed image stable

03.16clearing (see also 03.1 5)

in black-and-white reversal processing, the step thatremoves the soluble silver sulfate salts and the stainsresulting from bleaching action

in colour processing (reversal or negative), the step thatremoves the stains resulting from bleaching action

03.17washing

a processing step which uses water to remove unwantedsoluble chemicals from photographic materials

03.18drying

chemical compound (phenols, naphthols, pyrazolones ...)that combines during colour development with theoxidation products of the developing agent to form a dye

03.20diazo coupler

in a diexo film, compounds that combine with theunexposed diazonium salts to form dyes

03.21bleaching

in black-and-white revarsal processing, the step thatconverts the reduced silver of an Image to soluble silversulfate salts that will be removedby clearing

in colour processing (reversal or negative), the step thatconvefis the reduced silver of an Image to silver halidethat will be removed by fixing and washing

03.22bleachinglfixing

. .

a processing step which removes unwanted moisture in colour processing, the step that combines, in a singlefrom photographic materials bath, the bleaching and fixing steps

5

IS 15027 (Part 3) :2003

ISO 6196-3:1997

Alphabetical index

A

activator ............................................... 03.12

B

bath ..................................................... 03.07

bleaching ............................................. 03.21

bleaching/fixing .................................... 03.22

c

clearing ........................................... 03.15/16

(colour) coupler ................................... 03.19

colour processing ................................ 03.04

conventional processing ...................... 03.02

coupler ................................................. 03.19

coupling agent ...................................... 03.19

F

film ...................................................... 04.03

(film) processing ........................ ......... 03.01

fixer ..................................................... 03.14

fixing .................................................... 03.13

full reversal processing ................... 03.03.01

I

image ...................................................

P

01.06

pattial reversal processing .............. 03,03.02

photosensitive layer ............................. 04.02

polarity ................................................. 01.11

processing ........................................... 03.01

R

D

reverealprocesaing ............................. 03.03

developer .............................................. 03.10

developing agent .................................. 03.11

development ......................................... 03.09

diazo coupler ........................................ 03.20

diazo film .............................................. 04.06

dryprocessing ...................................... 03.06

drying .................................................... 03.18

s

silver film ............................................. 04.04

stabilization ......................................... 03.15

stop bath ............................................. 03.08

w

E

,exposure ................................................ 01.12

washing ............................................... 03.17

wet processing .................................... 03.05

!--l

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BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promoteharmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and

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Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewedperiodical Iy; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes areneeded; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standardsshould ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue

of ‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards : Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. MSD 5 ( 202 ).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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