Introduction to Hazardous Waste Management ONLINE

7/31/2019 Introduction to Hazardous Waste Management ONLINE

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Introduction to Hazardous

Waste ManagementUniversity of Alaska Fairbanks

Environmental Health, Safety, and Risk

Management

September 2009


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Course outline Overview of hazardous materials regulations

Hazardous waste at UAF

What is hazardous waste?

What do I do with my hazardous waste?

Emergency response

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Overview of hazardous

materials regulations

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Hazardous Materials RegulationsHazardous materials are regulated by three primary

government agencies:

Department of Transportation (DOT) Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR)

Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations (29 CFR)

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (40 CFR)

The International Fire and Building Codes also regulate hazardous materials.


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Hazardous Materials Regulations (cont.) DOT regulations tell us how to properly

package, identify, and label hazardousmaterials and hazardous wastes fortransportation.

OSHA regulations tell us how to protectourselves from the effects of hazardous

materials in the workplace. EPA regulations tell us how to protect our

environment.


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DOT RegulationsThe DOT classifies hazardous materials into 9 primary hazard classes which aresubdivided into multiple subsidiary risk groups.

You dont need to memorize these, but the primary hazard classes are:

Class 1: ExplosivesClass 2: Compressed Gases

Class 3: Flammable Liquids

Class 4: Flammable Solids

Class 5: Oxidizers

Class 6: Poisons & Toxics

Class 7: Radioactive materials

Class 8: Corrosives

Class 9: Miscellaneous hazardous materials that dont fit any other hazardclass (dry ice, for example)


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OSHA RegulationsOSHA regulations include the following standards: Hazard Communication Standard (a.k.a., Hazcom, Right-to-Know)

Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories

includes requirements for Chemical Hygiene Plans

Respiratory Protection Standard Confined Space Entry Requirements

Asbestos Standard

Lead (Pb) Standard

Bloodborne pathogen standard

Formaldehyde, Benzene, and Methylene chloride standards

OSHA also establishes permissible exposure levels (PELs) for hazardouschemicals.


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EPA RegulationsThe EPA regulations help us protect our environment,

and include the following:

Resource Conservation Recovery Act Hazardous

Waste Regulations (RCRA) Clean Air Act

Clean Water Act

Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Emergency Planning & Community Right-to-Know

Worker Protection Standard for AgriculturalPesticides


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Hazardous Waste RegulationsEPA regulates hazardous waste in Alaska by

authority of the Resource ConservationRecovery Act.

RCRA controls include: Identification of hazardous wastes

Tracking wastes from cradle to grave

Setting standards forgenerators of wastes,transporters of wastes, and Treatment, Storage &Disposal Facilities


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Primary RCRA requirementsRCRA requires that you:

Ensure that containers are labeled with a description of theircontents

Do not have more than the maximum permissible volumes ofwaste stored in your lab

Ensure that lids and caps are securely fastened at all times,except when putting wastes into the containers

Ensure that all materials are properly segregated

Use containers that are compatible with the waste you areputting into them

Use containers that are intact (no cracks, holes, etc.)

Ensure that spills and overfills do not occur

Ensure that mismanagement does not occur


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Requirement for trainingThe purpose of this training is to comply with the requirements set

forth by the EPA under 40 CFR 265.16 (Personnel Training).

The scope of the training is to ensure that UAF personnel who usechemicals:

1. understand how to identify hazardous wastes

2. understand how to package and label hazardous wastes

3. understand how to have their hazardous materials disposed4. know how to respond effectively to emergencies


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Regulatory Inspections

EPA conducts unannounced Compliance

Evaluation Inspections.

In the past, UAF facilities have been inspectedannually.

Our goal is to comply with all regulations.


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Hazardous waste at UAFAn overview of sources of hazardous waste atUAF, and of their ultimate fate

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Sources of Hazardous Waste at UAF

Sources of hazardous wastes at UAF include:

Research and academic laboratories

Shops and repair facilities Art and theater departments

Facility maintenance and grounds

Power Plant operations Experimental Farm operations


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Hazardous Waste GeneratorsThe RCRA definition of a hazardous waste generator is:

Any person, by site, whose act or process produces hazardous

waste identified or listed in 40 CFR 261.3.

Generators are classified by the volume of hazardous waste

that they produce per month:

CESQG = Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity GeneratorSQG = Small Quantity Generator

LQG = Large Quantity Generator > 1000 kg/month or

>1 qt. of acutely hazardous waste/month


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UAFs Waste Generator Status

The UAF main campus is currently regulatedas a Large Quantity Generator of hazardouswaste.

UAFs extended sites are currently regulatedas Conditionally Exempt Small QuantityGenerators

Examples: Toolik Field Station, Palmer ResearchFarm, FITC in Kodiak, Seward Marine Center,Lena Point Fisheries Facility, etc.


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Hazardous Waste Management at UAF

EHS&RM assists UAF waste generators with their wastedisposal needs.

Wastes are stored in the Hazardous Materials Facility (HMF),

which serves as the Central Accumulation Area (CAA) forUAF.

RCRA-regulated hazardous wastes are shipped every 90 daysfrom the HMF.

Wastes are shipped by EPA-permitted transporters to EPA-

permitted treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. Annual costs: $125,000 for disposal; $400,000 total cost

of hazmat program at UAF.


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What is hazardous waste?

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EPA definition of a solid waste EPA begins by defining everything as a solid waste (including solids,

liquids, gases, and semi-solids)

40 CFR 261.2 provides the definition of solid waste:

(a)(1) A solid waste is any discarded material that is not excluded by

261.4(a) or that is not excluded by variance granted under 260.30 and 260.31.

(2) A discarded material is any material which is:

(i)Abandoned, as explained in paragraph (b) of this section; or

(ii)Recycled, as explained in paragraph (c) of this section; or

(iii) Considered inherently waste-like, as explained in paragraph (d) ofthis section; or

(iv)A military munition identified as a solid waste in 40 CFR266.202.

(Again, no need to memorize that!)


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EPA definition of a hazardous waste

If the waste material meets certain criteria, and is not somehow exemptedor excluded from the regulations, it may be a RCRA-regulated hazardouswaste.

40 CFR 261.3: definition of a hazardous waste: (a) A solid waste, as defined in 261.2, is a hazardous waste if:

(1) It is not excluded from regulation as a hazardous waste under 261.4(b); and (2) It meets any of the following criteria:

(i) It exhibits any of the characteristics of hazardous waste identified in subpart C ofthis part. However, any mixture of a waste from the extraction, beneficiation, andprocessing of ores and minerals excluded under 261.4(b)(7) and any other solidwaste exhibiting a characteristic of hazardous waste under subpart C is a hazardouswaste only if it exhibits a characteristic that would not have been exhibited by the

excluded waste alone if such mixture had not occurred, or if it continues to exhibit anyof the characteristics exhibited by the non-excluded wastes prior to mixture. Further,for the purposes of applying the Toxicity Characteristic to such mixtures, the mixtureis also a hazardous waste if it exceeds the maximum concentration for any contaminantlisted in table I to 261.24 that would not have been exceeded by the excluded wastealone if the mixture had not occurred or if it continues to exceed the maximumconcentration for any contaminant exceeded by the nonexempt waste prior to mixture.

(ii) It is listed in subpart D of this part and has not been excluded from the lists in

subpart D of this part under 260.20 and 260.22 of this chapter.


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So is your waste a

hazardous waste?

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The good news

The good news is, you dont have to makethat determination.

The UAF Hazmat team will decide whetheryour waste is a RCRA-regulated hazardouswaste, a non-regulated hazardous waste, or anon-hazardous waste.

Even though you dont have to decide what tocall your waste, lets look at the differentcategories as defined by the EPA.


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Categories of Hazardous Waste

Hazardous wastes are regulated because they present specialhazards to man or to the environment if they are improperlydisposed of or discarded.

Hazardous waste determinations are based upon whether thematerial is a:

Characteristic waste Listed on the D-list or TCLP

A listed waste materials specifically identified on one of the following lists: F, K, U

or P lists

Universal waste (batteries; lamps; pesticides; mercury fromthermometers)


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Characteristic Wastes

D001Ignitable Wastes (flashpoint is less than

1400F) includes oxidizers

D002Corrosive Wastes (pH less than or equal to

2 or greater than or equal to 12.5)

D003Reactive Wastes (water reactives,

normally unstable materials, cyanides &

sulfides) D004 - TCLP Wastes

(Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure)


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Listed Wastes

F-listed wastes are from non-specific sources

Example: halogenated solvents used to degreaseequipment

K-listed wastes are from specific sources

Example: product washwaters from theproduction of dinitrotoluene via nitration of

toluene U-listed wastes are toxic wastes

P-listed wastes are acutely hazardous wastes


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Examples of U-Listed Wastes

Acetaldehyde 1,4-Dioxane

Acetone Ethyl acetate

Acetonitrile Ethyl ether

Aniline FormaldehydeBenzene Methyl alcohol

Bromoform Methylene chloride

1-Butanol Phenol

Chloroform Toluene

U-listed chemicals are commonly found in UAF labs.


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Examples of P-Listed Wastes

Allyl alcohol Osmium tetroxide

Ammonium vanadate Phenylthiourea

Arsenic acid Potassium cyanide

Arsenic trioxide Sodium azide

Carbon disulfide Sodium cyanide

2,4-Dinitrophenol Thiosemicarbazide

Fluorine Vanadium oxide

Nitric oxide Vanadium pentoxide

P-listed chemicals are also fairly common in UAF labs.


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Universal Wastes

Universal wastes include the following materials that

are commonly found in the workplace

Batteries

Fluorescent lamps

Pesticides

Thermometers (containing mercury)

Used oil


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Universal wastes: Batteries

Used Battery collection containers are available at

many locations on campus.

Contact your Lab Manager, CHO, Shop Supervisor

or EHS&RM for more information.


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Universal wastes: Fluorescent Lamps UAF collects fluorescent and other lamps for recycling

Lamp shipments are made periodically to EcoLightsNorthwest.

The Facilities Services Electric Shop does the vast majorityof lamp replacement on campus.

If you have fluorescent lamps (or other types of lamps) thatyou use in your research, and are responsible for replacingthem, EHS&RM can provide lamp collection boxes and

labels to you. Boxes must be labeled with the words, Universal Waste

Lamps, Waste Lamps, or Used Lamps to identify thecontents.


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Universal wastes: pesticides and waste

from mercury thermometers

Please fill out a UAF Non-radioactive Hazardous

Materials Transfer Request Form if you have waste

pesticides or mercury from broken thermometers.

The transfer forms will be explained later in the training.

Note: if you break a thermometer, do not try to clean

it up yourself. Call UAF Hazmat at 474-5617

immediately for assistance. Do not ever throw the material in the trash, or dump it

down the drain.


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Universal waste: Used OilUsed oil means any oil that has been refined from crude oil, or

any synthetic oil, that has been used and as a result of suchuse, is contaminated by physical or chemical impurities.

Used oil must be:

Collected in clean containers in good condition (no leakersplease)

Storage and transfer containers must be marked with thewords Used Oil

Never add solvents, part washer fluids, carb cleaners, or

glycol to your used oil Keep the used oil container closed (lid in place and

secured) except when adding or removing used oil

Call EHS&RM Hazmat (474-5617) to have your used oilremoved


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Waste in your labWhat do I do with my wastes and unwantedchemicals?

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Satellite accumulation areas

Each lab that generates waste is referred to as

a Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA)

When EHS&RM removes the waste from aSAA, it is transferred to the UAF Hazmat

Facility or Central Accumulation Area


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Waste Storage Limits for SAAs

For SAAs, the waste storage limits are:

Up to 55 gallons of a U-listed waste

Up to 1 quart (1 liter) of a P-listed waste

Note: you do not need to accumulate 55 gallons or 1

quart of P-listed waste before requesting waste

removal!

50 gallons of waste at a SAA will likely be in violation ofFire & Building Codes

Space is a very valuable asset. Give us a call anytime to

remove your waste (474-5617).


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To Make a Waste Removal Request

Complete the Non-Radioactive Hazardous MaterialsTransfer Request form. Forms are available from your Lab manager, Chemical

Hygiene Officer, Shop Supervisor, or EHS&RM. There is no charge to your lab for chemical waste

disposal.

The transfer forms are numbered and come with a

similarly numbered adhesive label (fluorescentorange) that must be applied to the waste collectioncontainer.


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Completing the transfer form

Fill out the upper portion of the transfer form.

Name and contact info

Location of waste (building and room number)

Chemical(s) in waste, and their concentrations

For mixtures, list all constituents

If more room is needed, attach a separate list to the

form

Type of container and physical state of the waste

Number of containers, their volume, and the total volume


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Haz Mat Transfer Request Form


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Multiple Containers

If you have multiple containers of the same

waste stream (identical contents), just fill out

one form.Unnumbered adhesive labels are available to go

on multiple containers.

Use the number as identified on the upper righthand side of the transfer form and identify the

container as being 1 of 4; 2 of 4, etc.


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Getting your waste picked up

Call 474-5617 to schedule a pickup, or if you

have any questions about your waste.

The form comes in three parts Save thepink copy for your files. Give the white and

yellow copies to EHS&RM when they come

to pick up your waste.


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Take-home messagesWhat you need to remember

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Wastes: containers and storage Only use containers that are compatible with the materials to be collected.

Always label containers with a description of their contents.

Dont store incompatible materials together.

Do not store wastes in the fume hood. Store in the appropriate storage

cabinet (e.g., flammable, acid).

Provide secondary containment for liquid wastes.

ALWAYS keep the container closed (lid firmly secured).

A funnel in an open bottle is NOT a lid.

Check waste storage areas regularly (weekly). Inspect containers to make sure they arent getting brittle or starting

to crack.

If you need waste containers, contact EHS&RM or your Chemical

Hygiene Officer to inquire about availability.


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Before you start a project

Plan ahead Is there a product or procedure available that will

accomplish the task without generating a hazardous

waste? Strive for waste minimization

Only make as much solution as you need

Substitute less hazardous chemicals if possible

Use microscale chemistry techniques Before purchasing chemicals, check with EHS&RM

or your department Chemical Hygiene Officer forthe availability of surplus chemicals.


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Other things to think about

Check the P-list. If you plan to generate a P-listedwaste, contact your Chemical Hygiene Officer, LabManager or EHS&RM.

Never combine wastes. If you dont generate them together as part of a procedure,

then do not mix them.

May create hazardous reactions in the bottle (worst-case

scenario), or make it more expensive for us to dispose ofit (not a good scenario, but at least it didnt blow up).

Call EHS&RM at anytime to request waste removal.


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Emergency ResponseChemical spills, release of hazardousmaterials, fires, and evacuation

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Chemical spills

Report all spills to UAF Dispatch (474-7721)or call 911 if there is an immediate threat ofharm to life or property.

Dispatch will call EHS&RM Hazmat Section or, ifnecessary, the FNSB Hazmat Team, to requestassistance with spill cleanup.

Depending on the nature of the spill, you may be askedto complete the UAF Oil and Hazardous SubstanceSpill Reporting Form (available from EHS&RM).


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Chemical Spills (cont.)

If you have not been trained and/or do not

have the appropriate personnel protective

equipment, please call for assistance! Never put yourself or others at risk to cleanup

a spill.

If you dont knowdont go.


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Emergency Procedures: Fire

Activate the nearest fire alarm pull station and call

911.

Evacuate the building and go to the Evacuation

Assembly Point or designated area of safe refuge.

Advise emergency personnel of anyone still inside

the building

Do not re-enter the building until authorized byemergency personnel.


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Emergency Procedures:

Release of Hazardous Materials

In the event of an emergency or if anyone is in

danger, call 911.

Move away from the site of the hazard to a safe

location.

Follow the instructions of emergency personnel.

Alert others to stay clear of the area.

Notify emergency personnel if you have beenexposed or have information regarding the release.


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Emergency Procedures: Evacuation Know the evacuation procedures and evacuation routeinformation for your area.

Evacuate the building using the nearest safe exit.

Do not use elevators!

Take personnel belongings (keys, purses etc., but dont putyourself or others at risk by delaying evacuation).

If possible, secure any hazardous materials or equipment.

Follow the directions given by emergency personnel.

Go to Evacuation Assembly Points (EAPs) designated on theemergency evacuation sign for the building.

Assist persons with disabilities.

Do not leave the area/campus until your status has beenreported to your supervisor or instructor.


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For more Information

Environmental Health, Safety, and

Risk Management

Visit our website at: www.uaf.edu/safety

Or call us at 474-5413

Thank you
http://www.uaf.edu/safetyhttp://www.uaf.edu/safety

Documents

Introduction to Hazardous Waste Management ONLINE