International Guidelines on Urban and Territorial Planning (IG-UTP)

Daniel Biau

Tehran, 02 November 2015

Overview

1. Mandate and Alignment with

Global Agendas and UN-

Habitat Strategic Plan 2014-

2019

2. Development of the

International Guidelines on

Urban and Territorial

Planning approved by UN-

Habitat Governing Council

(res. 25/6 of 23 April 2015)

2. Implementation and

Monitoring of the Guidelines

4

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN URBAN PLANNING FAILS?

SOCIAL

• Socio-economic

segregation

• Mobility & transport

breakdown

• Lack of access to

energy & clean water

• Lack of public health

and increased safety

risks

ECONOMIC

• Loss of economies

of urbanization

• Loss of

agglomeration

benefits

• Loss of job

opportunities,

especially for the

youth

ENVIRONMENTAL

• Sprawl induced

stress on land &

food resources

• Vulnerability to

impacts of climate

change

• Loss of biodiversity

and the vital system

functions it supports

Mass Housing in Ixtapaluca, Mexico ©

www.imagenesaereasdemexico.com

5

Multi-level approaches for a New Urban Agenda

NATIONAL

National Urban Policies

National Spatial Frameworks

SUB-NATIONAL/REGION

City-Region Planning

New Town Development

CITY

Planned City Extensions

Planned City Infills

1. Mandate and Alignment with Global Agendas and UN-Habitat Strategic Plan

Background and Rationale

Different types and approaches of urban and territorial planning exist and have

been tested worldwide without simple and universally agreed principles to

guide decision makers towards sustainable urban development.

The International Guidelines on Urban and Territorial Planning (IG-UTP) intend

to constitute a global framework for improving policies, plans and designs for

more compact, socially inclusive, better integrated and connected cities

and territories that foster sustainable urban development and are resilient to

climate change.

The IG-UTP complement two sets of International Guidelines previously

adopted by the Governing Council of UN-Habitat:

Decentralisation and Strengthening of Local Authorities (2007);

Access to Basic Services for All (2009).

These Guidelines have been used as a reference framework in a number of

countries to catalyze policy and institutional reforms and leverage

partnerships.

Mandate: Resolution 24/3 of UN-Habitat GC (19 April 2013)

OP4. Requests the Executive Director of UN-Habitat in consultation with the

Committee of Permanent Representatives to initiate the elaboration of

international guidelines on urban and territorial planning and to present

the draft guidelines to the Governing Council at its twenty-fifth session for

approval;

OP8. Requests the Executive Director of the UN-Habitat, in consultation with

the Committee of Permanent Representatives, in the drafting of international

guidelines on urban and territorial planning to engage in an inclusive

consultative process in order to inform the drafting process with best

practices and lessons learned from different contexts and at different scales.

Alignment with Global Agendas

Habitat III

Post-2015 / SDGs

Other UN

Agendas

The IG-UTP could inform and contribute to the preparatory process of Habitat

III and the implementation of the SDGs

The Future We Want, 2012 (para 134):

“We recognize that, if they are well planned and developed, including through integrated planning and management approaches, cities can promote economically, socially and environmentally sustainable societies.”

Post-2015 / SDG-11: Several Goals and

Targets (see next slide)

Habitat III: Urban Agenda, 2016

Other UN Agendas (eg: 3rd World

Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction)

Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,

resilient and sustainable

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Housing/Slums/

Services

Transport (incl.

Public Transport)

Urban

Planning

Cultural

HeritageEnvironmental

Impact

Safe

Public Space

Rural-Urban

Linkages

Policies/Plans

(incl. Resilience)

Financial/Tech

Assistance

GOAL

MOI TARGETS(PROCESS-ORIENTED)

CORE TARGETS (OUTCOME-ORIENTED)

Mapping of SDG-11 Targets

Alignment with UN-Habitat Strategic Plan 2014-2019

The IG-UTP aim at covering the multi-scale continuum of planning and

supporting the overall objective of UN-Habitat Sub-Programme on Urban

Planning and Design as well as UN-Habitat flagship initiatives such as:

National Urban Policies and Planned City Extensions (Res. GC 24/5)

Revitalization of Public Spaces (Res. GC 23/4)

Cities and Climate Change Initiative (Res. GC 22/3)

Supra-national and Trans-boundary level

National level

City-region and Metropolitan level

City and Municipal level

Neighbourhood level

2. Development and Approval of the International Guidelines on Urban and Territorial Planning

Overview of the IG-UTP Development Process

Drafting

Process

Consultation

Process

GC 24 (April 2013)

Resolution 24/3 mandating the development of IG-UTP

GC 25 (April 2015)

Submission of the IG-UTP for approval

Guidelines

Case Studies

Member States (CPR)

Other target groups

From National Experiences to Universal Principles

UN-Habitat established a Group of Experts to support and guide the IG-

UTP drafting process during 2013-2014.

Experts represented Africa, Asia, Europe and America and included

nominees from:

- national governments;

- local authorities (eg: UCLG);

- development partners (eg: World Bank, OECD, UNCRD);

- associations of planners (eg: ISOCARP);

- research and academia;

- civil society organizations;

- UN-Habitat regional offices.

Drafting Process: Guidelines

Drafting Process: Case Studies

Consultation Process: Member States

Committee of Permanent

Representatives (CPR)

Aug. 2013: CPR information session and

nominations of experts

May 2014: CPR information session and

presentation of the IG-UTP structure

Jan. 2015: CPR discussion on the IG-

UTP and the preparation of GC25

Regional Events

Ministerial meetings

Consultation Process: other target groups

April 2014 - Medellin, Colombia:

WUF7 - UN High Level Inter-Agency

Meeting (27 UN agencies)

May 2014 - New York, USA: EcoSoc

Integration Segment – Side Event

Nov. 2014 - Seoul, Korea: 5th Asia

Pacific Ministerial Conference on

Housing and Urban Development

(APMCHUD 5)

Dec. 2014 - Geneva, Switzerland:

1st meeting of the UNECE Task

Group on Urban Planning

Continuous internal consultations

within UN-Habitat (HQ and Regional

Offices)

Resolution 25/6 of UN-Habitat GC (23 April 2015)

OP1. Approves the international guidelines on urban and territorial

planning as a valuable guide towards the achievement of sustainable

development;

OP2. Encourages member States to consider UTP principles outlined in

the guidelines while developing, reviewing and implementing their

national urban policies and UTP frameworks;

OP4. Requests UN-Habitat to assist interested member States in using

and adapting the guidelines to their territorial and national contexts.

Structure of the Guidelines

1. URBAN POLICY AND GOVERNANCE

2. UTP FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2.a UTP and Social Development

2.b UTP and Sustained Economic Growth

2.b UTP and the Environment

3. UTP COMPONENTS

4. IMPLEMENTATION OF UTP

► Key Urban and Territorial Planning (UTP) principles organized along 4 main

pillars:

► Action-oriented recommendations for stakeholders involved in urban and

territorial planning (national and local authorities, CSOs, professionals)

1

2.a2.b

2.c

3 & 4

Key Principles of the Guidelines– 1/3

1. Urban and Territorial Planning is more than a technical tool; it is an integrative

and participatory decision-making process that addresses competing

interests and is linked to a shared vision, an overall development strategy as

well as national, regional and local urban policies.

2. Urban and Territorial Planning represents a core component of the renewed

urban governance paradigm which aims at promoting local democracy,

participation and inclusion, transparency and accountability, with a view to

ensuring sustainable urbanization and spatial quality.

3. Urban and Territorial Planning primarily aims at realizing adequate

standards of living and working conditions of all segments of present

and future society and at ensuring equitable distribution of the costs,

opportunities and benefits of urban development, and particularly at promoting

social inclusion and cohesion.

4. Urban and Territorial Planning constitutes an essential investment in the future

and a pre-condition to better quality of life and successful globalization

processes that have to respect cultural heritages and cultural diversity

and to recognize the distinct needs of various groups.

Urb

an

Po

licy &

Go

ve

rna

nce

UT

P &

So

cia

l

De

ve

lop

me

nt

Key Principles of the Guidelines – 2/3

5. Urban and Territorial Planning is a catalyst for sustained and inclusive

economic growth through providing a framework for new economic

opportunities, regulation of land and housing markets and timely provision of

adequate infrastructure and basic services.

6. Urban and Territorial Planning constitutes a powerful decision-making

mechanism to ensure that sustained economic growth, social

development and environmental sustainability go hand in hand and to

promote better connectivity at all territorial levels.

7. Urban and Territorial Planning provides a spatial framework to protect and

manage the natural and built environment of cities and territories,

including biodiversity, land and natural resources, and to ensure integrated

and sustainable development.

8. Urban and Territorial Planning contributes to increase human security by

strengthening environmental and socio-economic resilience, enhancing

mitigation and adaptation to climate change, and improving the management

of natural and environmental risks and hazards.

UT

P &

Su

sta

ine

d

Eco

no

mic

Gro

wth

UT

P &

the

En

viro

nm

en

t

Key Principles of the Guidelines – 3/3

9. Urban and Territorial Planning combines several spatial, institutional and

financial dimensions over a variety of time horizons and geographical

scales. It is a continuous and iterative process, grounded in enforceable

regulations, that aims at promoting more compact cities and synergies

between territories.

10. Urban and Territorial Planning includes spatial planning which aims at

facilitating and articulating political decisions based on different

scenarios. It translates these decisions into actions that will transform the

physical and social space and support the development of integrated

cities and territories.

11. Adequate implementation of urban and territorial plans in all their

dimensions requires political leadership, appropriate legal and

institutional frameworks, efficient urban management, improved

coordination, and consensus-building approaches to respond

coherently and effectively to current and future challenges;

12. Effective Urban and Territorial Planning implementation and evaluation

requires in particular continuous monitoring and periodic adjustments

and sufficient capacities at all levels, as well as sustainable financial

mechanisms and technologies.

UT

P c

om

po

ne

nts

Imp

lem

en

tatio

n

of U

TP

A. Urban Policy and Governance

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National governments: policy framework, enabling legal framework, institutional set-up, decentralization/subsidiarity, multi-level and metropolitan governance, UTP observatory;

Local Authorities: ensure political leadership, approve/update plans, integrate service provision, link to city management, supervise professionals, enforce regulations, set-up participatory mechanisms and multi-stakeholder monitoring, share under C2C;

CSOs and private sector: participate, contribute, encourage, mobilize, ensure continuity;

Planning Professionals: provide expertise, advocate/promote inclusive development tools, advise/adapt, raise awareness, develop capacities.

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B1. UTP and Social Development

National governments: monitor housing & living conditions, design poverty reduction strategies, housing finance systems, fiscal incentives and subsidies, promote heritage conservation;

Local Authorities: plan (spatial framework for basic services, physical guide for land, housing and transport, regulations for mixed land use), ensure social inclusion and access for all, public spaces, slum upgrading, drinking water and sanitation, land security, housing finance, reliable public transport, urban safety, cultural diversity, heritage preservation;

CSOs and Planning Professionals: contribute, etc.

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B2. UTP and Sustained Economic Growth

National governments: develop polycentric regions, engage in partnerships for competitiveness, support inter-municipal cooperation, formulate LED policy framework and ICT framework to improve connectivity;

Local Authorities: develop trunk infrastructure and energy-efficient mobility (mass transit), digital infrastructure (smart cities), link to investment planning and private, manage land markets and taxes, support local employment generation, street networks for LED, design neighbourhoods (infills and extensions) in cost-effective way (density);

CSOs and Planning Professionals: contribute, etc..

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B3. UTP and the Environment

National governments: set standards and regulations, ensure regional cohesion, rural-urban complementarities, support impact assessments, promote compact cities, clean energy and energy efficiency in buildings and transport;

Local Authorities: formulate mitigation and adaptation frameworks in response to climate change, adopt low-carbon urban forms, locate residential developments in low-risk areas, improve access to water and sanitation, reduce air pollution, protect/produce high-quality public and green spaces, encourage recycling, coordinate with land developers and service providers, promote green buildings;

CSOs and Planning Professionals: contribute, etc.

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C. UTP components

National governments: promote UTP as facilitating and flexible mechanism, raise awareness and build capacities, maintain information and mapping systems, put in place evaluation, support planning agencies and establish financial and fiscal frameworks;

Local Authorities: develop vision and objectives, elaborate spatial plans with priority actions and flexibility, set up institutional arrangements and strengthen capacities, create knowledge base, link land-use and infrastructure planning, define/adjust implementation mechanisms;

CSOs and private sector: participate in project prioritization, advocate social and spatial inclusiveness;

Planning Professionals: develop new tools for participatory planning, propose scenarios for more compact cities, disaster mitigation and poverty reduction.

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D. Implementation and Monitoring of UTP

National governments: keep regulations under review, promote accountability, provide incentives, encourage training, monitoring, reporting, data management, cross-fertilization, track progress (indicators), promote new and sound technologies;

Local Authorities: adopt transparent institutional set-ups, realistic financial scenarios (budgetary and extra-budgetary resources, public, private, taxes, fees…) and cost-recovery mechanisms, PPPs, establish multi-partner committees for monitoring, develop public information and knowledge transfer systems;

CSOs and private sector: participate, contribute, encourage, mobilize, provide feedback;

Planning Professionals: provide technical assistance, train, document.

Rio+20 Outcome Document: The Future We Want (paragraph 134):

“We recognize that, if they are well planned and developed, including through integrated planning and management approaches, cities can promote economically, socially and environmentally sustainable societies.”

The UNGA, under the SDGs, adopted on 25 September 2015 a goal on

“Making Cities and Human Settlements Inclusive, Safe, Resilient and

Sustainable”, known as SDG-11, with 7 action targets and 3 means of

implementation (MOI) targets.

Alignment with Global Agendas: Rio+20 and SDGs

SDG-11 Targets

11.1 by 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services, and

upgrade slums

11.2 by 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all,

improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in

vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons

11.3 by 2030 enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacities for participatory,

integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries

11.4 strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage

11.5 by 2030 significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of affected people and decrease by

y% the economic losses relative to GDP caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with the

focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations

11.6 by 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special

attention to air quality, municipal and other waste management

11.7 by 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces,

particularly for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities

11.a support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by

strengthening national and regional development planning

11.b by 2020, increase by x% the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing

integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate

change, resilience to disasters, develop and implement in line with the forthcoming Hyogo Framework holistic

disaster risk management at all levels

11.c support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, for sustainable

and resilient buildings utilizing local materials

3. Implementation and Monitoring of the IG-UTP

What’s next?

1. Provide inputs and contribute to the

preparatory process of Habitat III

2. Promote the UTP Guidelines in

international, regional and national

meetings and events

3. Compendium of Inspiring Practices

(open database)

4. Launch the IG-UTP Support Programme

(subject to funding)

5. Sustain the Community of Practices that

has emerged from the Group of Experts

6. Countries to translate, adapt and use the

Guidelines

How could we implement and monitor the IG-UTP?

The IG-UTP Support Programme would include a set of complementary

activities at 3 levels:

At the global level, it would focus on knowledge management,exchange of experience, tool development, monitoring and reporting;

At the regional level, it would focus on awareness raising, comparative

evaluations, policy dialogue and capacity development;

At the country level, it would focus on the national adaptation of the IG-

UTP, review and adjustment of legal and regulatory frameworks, and

application of the adapted guidelines to concrete city situations.

IG-UTP Support Programme at a Glance (1)

Objectives:

Develop and disseminate a diversity of planning approaches adapted to

different contexts and scales;

Mainstream urban and territorial issues in the development agendas of

national, regional and local governments;

Deliver a set of concrete outputs at global, regional and national levels.

Expected Accomplishments (EA):

EA1: Collective international knowledge enhanced and new global tools

developed on Urban and Territorial Planning (global level);

EA2: Policy dialogue activated and capacities strengthened in four

developing regions (regional level);

EA3: Guidelines adapted and under monitored implementation in at least

ten developing countries by 2018 (local level).

IG-UTP Support Programme at a Glance (2)

Partners:

National Governments;

Local Authorities and their associations;

UN agencies (UNCRD, Regional Commissions, UNDP…);

Professional associations;

Civil Society Organizations.

Timeframe: 2 years (2016-2017)

Estimated Budget: USD 1,700,000

EA1: USD 300,000 (global level)

EA2: USD 400,000 (regional level)

EA3: USD 1,000,000 (national level)

Summary of key messages

Failure of planning has contributed to sprawl, segregation and congestion

Revival of confidence in the essential role of urban planning and design in shaping sustainable development

Recognition of need for compact, integrated and connected cities that are socially inclusive and climate resilient

Implementation requires policies, plans and designs that link planning, legislation and finance

Key tools include national urban policies, planned city extensions/infills

Urban planning features prominently in the 2030 targets (SDGs) and will be at the core of the new urban agenda (H III)

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INTRODUCTION

Why we need Planned City ExtensionsFrom Business as Usual Towards a New Urban Agenda

Urban Sprawl → Compactness

Segregation → Integration

Congestion → Connectivity

UN-Habitat other References on Urban Planning and Design

1 2

2 4

5

1

2

3

4

5

Urban Planning for City

Leaders (2012)

Urban Patterns for a Green

Economy, Series of 4 Guides (2012)

Citywide Strategic Planning, a Step

by Step Guide (2010)

Global Report on Human Settlements –

Planning Sustainable Cities (2009)

International Guidelines on

Decentralisation and Access to

Basic Services for all (2007 and

2009)*

* available in Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish

Merci !