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INSTITUTE OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERINGINSTITUTE OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERINGAND ENGINEERING SEISMOLOGY (IZIIS)AND ENGINEERING SEISMOLOGY (IZIIS)
University “SS. Cyril and Methodius”University “SS. Cyril and Methodius”Skopje, Republic of MacedoniaSkopje, Republic of Macedonia
INSTITUTE OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERINGINSTITUTE OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERINGAND ENGINEERING SEISMOLOGY (IZIIS)AND ENGINEERING SEISMOLOGY (IZIIS)
University “SS. Cyril and Methodius”University “SS. Cyril and Methodius”Skopje, Republic of MacedoniaSkopje, Republic of Macedonia
BUILDING DAMAGE ASSESMENT BASED BUILDING DAMAGE ASSESMENT BASED ON STRONGMOTION INSTRUMENTATIONON STRONGMOTION INSTRUMENTATION
byby
Dr. DIMITAR JURUKOVSKIDr. DIMITAR JURUKOVSKIUniversity professorUniversity professor
Discussion presented onDiscussion presented on"Vulnerability of Buildings""Vulnerability of Buildings"
Workshop held March 03-065,2003Workshop held March 03-065,2003ISPRA, ItalyISPRA, Italy
Organized by Secretariat of Organized by Secretariat of EUR-OPA Major Hazard AgreementEUR-OPA Major Hazard Agreement
Council of EuropeCouncil of Europe
BUILDING DAMAGE ASSESMENT BASED BUILDING DAMAGE ASSESMENT BASED ON STRONGMOTION INSTRUMENTATIONON STRONGMOTION INSTRUMENTATION
byby
Dr. DIMITAR JURUKOVSKIDr. DIMITAR JURUKOVSKIUniversity professorUniversity professor
Discussion presented onDiscussion presented on"Vulnerability of Buildings""Vulnerability of Buildings"
Workshop held March 03-065,2003Workshop held March 03-065,2003ISPRA, ItalyISPRA, Italy
Organized by Secretariat of Organized by Secretariat of EUR-OPA Major Hazard AgreementEUR-OPA Major Hazard Agreement
Council of EuropeCouncil of Europe
• HISTORY OF SMI OF BUILDINGSHISTORY OF SMI OF BUILDINGS
• OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
• PRACTICEPRACTICE
Site SeismicitySite Seismicity
Building GeometryBuilding Geometry
Soil ConditionsSoil Conditions
Structural SystemStructural System
Cost of InstrumentationCost of Instrumentation
• RILEM INITIATIVE FOR ESTABLISHING OFRILEM INITIATIVE FOR ESTABLISHING OF
• RILEM SLB-61 TECHNICAL COMMITTEERILEM SLB-61 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
Fig. 1. Suggested schemefor soil structure interaction instrumentationfor frame structure
Fig. 2. Suggested scheme for for soil structure interaction
for shear wall structures
Fig. 3. Suggested instrumentation of moment resistant structure approximately square in the plan
Fig. 4. Suggested instrumentation of moment resistant rectangular in the plan
Fig. 5. Suggested instrumentation of a frame structure with shear walls or core
Fig. 5. Suggested instrumentation
of a frame structure withshear walls or core for
rectangular shape plan
Fig. 7. Suggested instrumentation of a shear wall or large panel structure approximately square in plan
Fig. 8. Suggested instrumentation of the roof on the shear wall or large panel structure
(a:b = 2:1 – 3:1 3 strong motion instruments)(a:b > 3:1 5 strong motion instruments)
DAMAGE ASSESMENT BASED ON DAMAGE ASSESMENT BASED ON STRONG MOTION RECORDSSTRONG MOTION RECORDS
• CAPACITY CURVES ESTIMATION FOR CAPACITY CURVES ESTIMATION FOR NON-LINEAR STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOURNON-LINEAR STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR
• SYSTEM INDENTIFICATION MODELINGSYSTEM INDENTIFICATION MODELING
• FUNDAMENTAL PERIOD ANALYSISFUNDAMENTAL PERIOD ANALYSIS
• WAVE PROPAGATION ANALYSISWAVE PROPAGATION ANALYSIS
UT/H (%)
UT/H (%)
Real earthquake response
Capacity curve
DUCTILITY curve
She
ar B
ase
(%)
Duc
tility
()
90-40; Y-Y (5) All
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
N S M E C
P[d=
ds]
Performance point
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Sd (cm )
P[d
>ds]
Estimation of Performance Point andEstimation of Performance Point andFragility of BuildingFragility of Building
Damage states
N – None
S – Slight
M – Moderate
E – Extensive
C – Complete
Fragility curves Damage probability matrix
ANALYSIS OF STRONG MOTION DATAANALYSIS OF STRONG MOTION DATA
• DATA PROCESSINGDATA PROCESSING
• SYSTEM IDENTIFICATIONSYSTEM IDENTIFICATION
• DAMAGE DETECTIONDAMAGE DETECTION
SYSTEM IDENTIFICATIONSYSTEM IDENTIFICATION
TIME DOMAIN
FREQUENCY DOMAIN
WHAT WE KNOWWHAT WE KNOW
• StructureStructureStructural System and MaterialStructural System and Material
• Earthquake Input andEarthquake Input andEarthquake Response Earthquake Response at some levelsat some levels
STRUCTURE
Health M onitoring
SYSTEM IDENTIFICATIONSYSTEM IDENTIFICATION
• SELECTION OF MATHEMATICAL MODELSELECTION OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL
• SELECTION POF VECTOR OF VARIABLESELECTION POF VECTOR OF VARIABLEPARAMETERS (Model parameters)PARAMETERS (Model parameters)
• EVALUATION OF MATCHING PROCEDUREEVALUATION OF MATCHING PROCEDUREFOR ADJUSTMENT OF MODEL'S RESPONSEFOR ADJUSTMENT OF MODEL'S RESPONSEAND RECODED RESPONSEAND RECODED RESPONSE
IDENTIFICATION OF MODEL PARAMETERSIDENTIFICATION OF MODEL PARAMETERS
• DETERMINISTIC APPROACHDETERMINISTIC APPROACH
• PROBABILISTICPROBABILISTIC
Maximum likelihood, orMaximum likelihood, or
Bayesian identificationBayesian identification
QUALITY OF IDENTIFICATION IS A FUNCTION OF QUALITY OF IDENTIFICATION IS A FUNCTION OF COMPLEXITY OF THE MODELCOMPLEXITY OF THE MODEL
SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION BASED ON SMRSYSTEM IDENTIFICATION BASED ON SMR
Location of SM I
m i P,M ,Q
N on-line arbeh aviour
M O D E LSLinearB i-linearTakedaR am ber O sg oodM in egato P in to
(1)
(2) MATHEMATICAL MODELINGMATHEMATICAL MODELING
SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION BASED ON SMRSYSTEM IDENTIFICATION BASED ON SMR
(3) VECTOR OF UNKNOWN VARIABLES (PARAMETERS)VECTOR OF UNKNOWN VARIABLES (PARAMETERS)
- Damping parameters
- Non-linear behaviour parameters
- Material properties
- Other parameters
1 2 3 4, , ,
1
2
3
4
SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION BASED ON SMRSYSTEM IDENTIFICATION BASED ON SMR
(4) CRITERION FUNCTIONCRITERION FUNCTION
td 2
J x t x t dtr ct
(5) Selection the algorithm for minimizing of (4)Selection the algorithm for minimizing of (4) and calculation of vector { and calculation of vector {}}
(6) Calculation of the responses of the structures:Calculation of the responses of the structures:
x , x , x , x ,Shear Base
x Inter-story drift
SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION BASED ON SMRSYSTEM IDENTIFICATION BASED ON SMR
(7) Analysis of the DamageAnalysis of the Damage
Wave propagation
Inter-story drift
Shear Base
Overturning
Other techniques
By EC8By EC8
LEVEL I, simple and quick (time requirement for assessment LEVEL I, simple and quick (time requirement for assessment less than one hour per building), suitable for determining risk for a less than one hour per building), suitable for determining risk for a large number of buildings. Only general building data – such as the large number of buildings. Only general building data – such as the age and type of building – is taken into account at this levelage and type of building – is taken into account at this level
LEVEL II, detailed and more time-consuming (time LEVEL II, detailed and more time-consuming (time requirement for assessment in order of half a day per building). At requirement for assessment in order of half a day per building). At this level, a number of measurements of the building's properties this level, a number of measurements of the building's properties (e.g. natural frequencies, building height, cross-sections of the (e.g. natural frequencies, building height, cross-sections of the shear walls, etc.) may also be required.shear walls, etc.) may also be required.
LEVEL III, significantly more precise, but very time-consuming LEVEL III, significantly more precise, but very time-consuming (time requirement for assessment can run into several days or (time requirement for assessment can run into several days or weeks for each building). At this level, a precise analysis of the weeks for each building). At this level, a precise analysis of the load-bearing structure is carried out using all building data. All key load-bearing structure is carried out using all building data. All key geometric and mechanical building properties are determined and geometric and mechanical building properties are determined and included in the model.included in the model.
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Damage ratio %
Inte
r-st
ory
drift
By EC8By EC8
1
2
31 2
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 20 40 60 80 100
Damage ratio %
She
ar b
ase
%
1 2
3
Light
Moderate
Moderate
1
2
3
Light
Moderate
Moderate
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
TECHNOLOGY FOR DAMAGE ASSESSMENT TECHNOLOGY FOR DAMAGE ASSESSMENT BASED ON:BASED ON:
WAVE PROPAGATION PATTERN
SHEAR BASE RATIO
INTER-STORY DRIFT
INCREASING OF FUNDAMENTAL PERIOD
OVERTURNING
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
FOR RAPID ASSESSMENT A DATA BASE AND FOR RAPID ASSESSMENT A DATA BASE AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE SHOULD BE CREATED ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE SHOULD BE CREATED IN TERMS OF:IN TERMS OF:
TYPOLOGY OF STRUCTURE
DATA FOR ALL INSTRUMENTEDBUILDINGS
MONITORING AND TELEMETRIC SYSTEM
DATA BASE FOR EVALUATEDMATHEMATICAL MODELS FROM
SIMPLETO COMPLEX ONE
TECHNOLOGY FOR DAMAGEASSESSMENT
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
TO CONCENTRATE ON THE MOST VITALSYSTEMS: SCHOOLS, HOSPITALS, ANDOTHER VITAL PUBLIC SYSTEMS
TO MONITOR A CERTAIN NUMBER OF THISBUILDINGS IN A HIGH SEISMICITY REGIONWITH TELEMETRIC COMMUNICATION TO ARELEVANT CENTRES
TO EVALUATE CONCISTENT PROCEDUREFOR DAMAGE ASSESMENT, CREATION OFA DATA BASES AND DESSIMINATION