Insights Ch 28Progressivism- movement by government to respond to the

will of the people by creating laws that regulated business and protecting the rights of workers

ID- Room in a Tenement Flat (657)Summary 1- Who was the photographer of the photo? How

many people live in this room?•Jacob Riis, 7

OI- Progressive roots1)Why were Progressives (Greenbacks and Populists) upset?•Corporations and Robber Barons, the few, had most of the

power and wealth in US2) What did Jacob Riis expose?•New York slums in How the Other Half Lives (poverty, rats,

disease)3) What did Social Gospel Proponents base their message on?•Christian teachings that the well off, middle class, should help

the less fortunate, poor

Jacob Riis

Jacob Riis- Immigrants

Jacob Riis-Ghetto

ID- Ida Tarbell (658)Summary 2-What company did Tarbell expose for wrong doing? Who was the owner of that company?•Standard Oil, John RockefellerOI- Raking Muck with the Muckrakers4) What was a muckraker?•Reporter that exposed problems in society to enflame the people and get Gov. to act5) What did Lincoln Stephens expose?•Shame of the Cities- Corruption between big business and local governments (political machines)6) What did David Phillips expose?•“Treason of the Senate”- claimed that 2/3’s of the senate did not work for the people but instead the RRs and trusts

• 17th Amendment- Direct Election of Senators- before Senators were elected by state legislatures (Why is that a problem?)

• People now directly elected senators so that the senate was responsible to the people

ID- Suffragette Parade in Brooklyn (660) Summary 3- What do you feel is the goal of these protestors? (define suffrage)•To earn women the right to voteOI- Political Progressive7) What were the two goals of Progressives?•Use state governments to break up trusts/monopolies (return political power to the people)• Improve the conditions of workers and their lives (have government set rules and regulations that limited the workday, earn decent $, safe working conditions

• 16th Amendment- Income Tax- way to have all people, esp. wealthy, share their money and provide services for all people

8) How did Progressives want to reform the Senate?•Direct election of Senators• 17th Amendment- people elect Senators, not corrupt legislators9) What was the main goal of women Progressives?•Earn the right to vote

• 19th Amendment (1919)- right to vote for women

President Theodore Roosevelt- progressive president, 1st Pres. to stand up and regulate trusts,

sided w. people over business, not corrupt!!!

ID- Excerpt (665) “Roosevelt was a charismatic figure…”Summary 4- How would you describe Roosevelt’s outlook on life?•Person full of life, idealism, positive outlook on life “strenuous Life”OI- TR’s Square Deal for Labor10) Why did Pres. Roosevelt feel the Gov. should help solve the mine strike?•People in the cities would have frozen to death if the strike was not settled

• Felt Gov. could not be laissez-faire if all Americans were affected11) How did Roosevelt threaten the mine owners?•Threatened to take over the mines and use the troops to run the mines12) How was TR’s reaction to the mine strike different than gov. attitudes toward involvement in business previously?•1st time government/President sided with the people/workers over the Robber Barons/Trusts/business

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire (664)- lethal fire in an garment sweatshop, 146 women died (burned, jumped f. 8/9th

story windows)

No fire escapes or access to stairs, doors locked from outside to keep women at their work

Convinced people that Gov. had to make laws that forced business to have safety standards for workers

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

ID- Sausage Making (667)Summary 5- What act was passed that allowed inspectors to

look over dirty slaughterhouses?•Meat Inspection ActOI- Caring for the Consumer13) Explain what The Jungle was about•Exposed the dirty conditions in the meat packing industry14) What were some items that could be found in meat?•Dead rats, rope ends, splinters, feces15) How did TR try to solve this issue exposed in The Jungle?•Meat Inspection Act- allowed Gov. to inspect meat packing

plants (USDA inspection)•Pure Food and Drug Act- forbid mislabeling drugs and false

claims (all drugs legal at this time)•Why is it important that gov. get involved in the food and

drug industries and not stay laissez-faire?•All people eat and could die if they eat contaminated

food or drugs

The Jungle- Upton Sinclair exposed filthy all meat slaughterhouse

conditions were

ID- High Point for Conservation (668)Summary 6-Who is the man standing next to Pres. Roosevelt and where are they standing?John Muir, founder of Sierra Club (first and largest environmental organization), Yosemite (one of 1st national parks)OI- Earth Control16) What were most Americans attitudes toward the environment?•Wasteful, assumed US natural resources were unlimited17) What and who were on the two sides in the Hetch Hetchy controversy? 1. Hetch Hetchy is a beautiful valley in Yosemtie, SF wanted to dam the valley

to provide water for SF)2. John Muir- wanted to preserve the valley, leave it untouched3. Gifford Pinchot- wilderness was a waste

• HH was dammed to provide water for SF• National Parks created- (Forest Reserve Act) 46 million acres of land

set aside not to be logged, Yosemite becomes National Park18) What was Pinchot’s and TR’s view on preserving the environment/forests? Balance preservation and commercial use

National Parks and Yosemite

Yosemite

ID- Baby Kiss Papa Good-ByeSummary 6- Who was the President that took over after Pres. Roosevelt?•William Taft (heaviest Pres.)Summary 7- What did TR expect of the next President? What happened in reality?•Taft would continue TR’s policies, Taft did his own thing, upset TROI- Taft: A Round Peg in a Square Hole, The Dollar Goes Abroad as a Diplomat19) What leadership skill did TR possess that Taft lacked?•Personality, leadership, charisma20) Define Dollar Diplomacy (in your own words)•Taft’s Foreign Policy- US will aid Latin American countries by trying to invest/pay them to follow our lead ($ went to dictators that supported US companies in Latin American countries)

• Big Stick Policy- TR uses the threat of force and invasion to keep Latin America in line with US policies