INDONESIA  AIR  QUALITY  MONITORING

Center  for  Climate  Change  and  Air  QualityThe  Indonesia  Agency  for  Meteorology  Climatology  and  

Geophysics  (BMKG)

BMKG

GURME  Regional  Training  Workshop   in  South  East  AsiaPetaling Jaya,  Selangor,  Malaysia  7-­‐10  April  2015  

OUTLINE

• Introduction• Indonesia  Air  Quality  Network• GAW  Station  Network• PM10    Online SystemMonitoring  Network• Trajectory  Model  for  Forest  Fire  and

Volcanic  Eruption• Planned    Activities

BMKG

INTRODUCTION

• Air quality monitoring conducted by Meteorological , Climatological andGeophysical Agency (BMKG) is part of the World Meteorological Organization(WMO ).

• The WMO program on air quality monitoring began in the 1950s with theGlobal OzoneObservingSystem (GO3Os)

• In the 1960s added with several parameters such as total suspendedparticulate ( TSP ) , SO2 , NOx , known as the Background Air PollutionMonitoringprogramNetwork ( BAPMON -­‐ program )

• Subsequently , in 1989 Global Atmospheric Watch program ( GAW ) wasestablished, observed global air pollution by determining the specific locationaway from the human activities such as transportation , industrial andresidential.

BMKG

INTRODUCTION• In 1999 , the program Global Urban Research Meteorology and Environment

(Gurme -­‐ Program ) was established, the aims is to determine the influence ofmeteorological conditions to environmental changes.

• BMKG as representatives of the Indonesian government in WMO , participatein conducting air quality monitoring since 1976 by monitoring at five (5 )locations in Jakarta , Ancol area , Bandengan ,Glodok , Kemayoran andMonas

• In 1982 to 1998, 30 regional stationswas built. In 1995, a global station(GAW ) Bukit Kototabangwas built inWest Sumatra.

• BMKG air quality monitoring now has 56 air quality monitoring station,measure SPM ( Suspended Particulate Matter ) and 51 stations in addition tothe SPM , also observed chemical precipitation.

BMKG

Indonesia  Air  Quality  Network

• From the 56 stations, 14 stations of greenhouse gases network (samplingmethod).

• In Kemayoran Jakarta, perform SPM measurements and chemicalprecipitation, alsomeasuring someother pollutants include sulfur dioxide(SO2) , Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) , aerosol ( PM₁₀ ) , CO, and O3 .

• For PM10 monitoring there are 8 stations for forest fires detection, 2 Stationfor Urbanmonitoringand in 1 GAW station (automatic).

• 3 stationsGAW-­‐Global (GAWBukit Kototabang, GAWPalu and GAW Sorong).

BMKG

Indonesia  Air  Quality  NetworkBMKG

GAW  Station  NetworkBMKG

PaluPaluSorongSorong

GAW  Bukit  KototabangBMKG

GHG  :  CO2,  CH4,    N2O,  SF6Pollutan  :  CO,  O3Troposphere,  SO2,  NO2

Greenhouse  Gases Monitoring Network

12.  Pontianak

3.    Pekanbaru

2.  Medan

9.  Malang

11.  Kupang

14.  Makasar

15.  Manado

10.  Denpasar

7.  Bogor

8.  Semarang5.  Bengkulu

6.  Lampung

1.  Indrapuri

4.  Padang  (GAW) 13.  Banjarbaru

16.  Palu (GAW)

17.  Sorong

(GAW)

1.  Indrapuri – Aceh  Province 10.  Denpasar – Bali  Province2.  Medan – North  Sumatera  Province 11.  Kupang – East  Nusa  Tenggara  Province3. Pekanbaru – Riau  Province 12.  Pontianak  – West  Kalimantan  Province4.  Padang  (GAW)  – West  Sumatera  Province 13.  Banjarbaru – South   Kalimantan  Province5.  Bengkulu  – Bengkulu  Province 14.  Makasar – South  Sulawesi   Province6.  Lampung  – Lampung  Province 15.  Manado  – North  Sulawesi   Province7.  Bogor  – West  Java  Province 16.  Palu (GAW)   – Central  Sulawesi  Province8.  Semarang  – Central  Java  Province 17.  Sorong (GAW)  – West  Papua  Province9.  Malang  – East  Java  Province

BMKG

PM10 Online SystemMonitoring  Network

Jambi(3)

Palembang(4)

Pakanbaru(2)

Pontianak(5)

Medan(1)

Samarinda(8)

BanjarBaru(7)

Palangkaraya(6)

(1).  Medan  – North  Sumatera  Province (5).  Pontianak  – West  Kalimantan  Province(2).  Pekanbaru – Riau  Province (6).  Palangkaraya – Central  Kalimantan    Province(3).  Jambi  – Jambi  Province (7).  Banjarbaru – South  Kalimantan  Province(4).  Palembang  – South  Sumatera  Province (8).  Samarinda – East  Kalimantan  Province

BMKG PM10 Monitoring conducted in 8 locations, monitoring automatically.Data transmitted over V-­Sat IP and the internet to server central inBMKG. Data acquisition set in 5 min, 1 hour and 1 day.

PM10 Online SystemMonitoring  Network

Installation  of  PM10  Monitoring  Instrument  in  Climatological  

Station  Siantan    3-­‐4  September  2012

Installation  of  PM10 Monitoring  Instrument  in  Meteorological  

Station  Tjilik  Riwut  Palangkaraya  on  3-­‐4  September  2012

BMKG

PM10 Real  Time  Chartwww.bmkg.go.id

Dissemination  information  of  the  PM10 concentration  will  be  informed  to  the  local  government  for  air  pollution  control  policy  and  anticipation  for  the  impact  of  forest  fire  smoke  on  human  health.

BMKG

Trajectory  Model  for  Forest  Fire  andVolcanic  Eruption

Volcanic  Eruption

Forest  FireTerra  and  Aqua  Satellite  for  Forest  Fire  Detection

The  Center  for  Volcanology  and  Geoligical  Hazard  Mitigation  

Status  of  Volcano

HYSPLIT  MODEL

INFORMATION   TRAJECTORY  AND  ASH  CLOUD  FOR  FOREST  FIRE  AND  

VOLCANIC  ERUPTION

www.bmkg.go.idINFORMATION  FOR  PUBLIC

BMKG

Pada Level  Ketinggian tersebut:Trajectory   massa udara Asap KebakaranHutan sebagian  besar  bergerak ke arah Barat  Daya.

Keterangan:

• Ketinggian Asap Kebakaran Hutan :

= 10 m    (Pepohonan)

= 1 m    (Semak belukar)

Lokasi  Kebakaran   (Hotspot)  :

1. Kec.  BAGAN SINEMBAH 2. Kec.  MERBAU 3. Kec.  TEBINGTINGGI 4. Kec.  TANDUN 5. Kec.  KUALAKAMPAR 6. Kec.  KUALAKAMPAR 7. Kec.  KUALAKAMPAR 8. Kec.  BATANG TUAKA

U

BMKG

Sumber :  http://satelit.bmkg.go.id/satelit/image/HOTSPOT/2014/02

7

Data Modis (Satelit Terra dan Aqua)

INFORMASI  HOTSPOT  DI  INDONESIASelasa,  11  Pebruari 2014

(Update:  12  Pebruari 2014,  05.00  WIB)

NOAA-­‐HYSPLIT  Model  For  Fire  Forest  Application

BMKG

NOAA-­‐HYSPLIT  Model  For  Volcanic  Ash

BMKG

Dari Setiap Level Ketinggianmenunjukkan bahwa Trajectory DebuGunung Kelud bergerak ke arahBarat sampai dengan Timur Laut.

Keterangan:

•Trajectory   Debu Pada Ketinggian:

Ø = 1308 m  (Tinggi  Gunung)

Ø = 6308   m  (Tinggi  Semburan  5000 m)

Ø = 11308 m  (Tinggi  Semburan  10000   m)

U

Volcanic  Eruption

Planned    Activities

Planned  Activites  Related  to  Air  Quality  Modeling:      

•Chimere    Air  Quality  Model,  Cooperation  with    Meteo  France    (MFI)  on  Project  Strengthening  Bmkg  Climate  And  Weather  Service  Capacity

• Volcanic    Ash  Plumes  -­ Cooperation  with  Japan  in    Satreps  Project

BMKG