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16 Feb 2012 1
Small Workshop: KEEI – ACE Joint Research 2012
2 – 3 May 2012, Park Lane Hotel, Jakarta – Indonesia
Indonesia 10-Year Power Development Plan and
Long-term Power System Security
Djoko Prasetijo
System Planning Division
PT PLN (Persero)
Jakarta, 2 May 2012
1
2
Projection of Electricity Demand 2011-2020
Every 1% of GDP growth would require electricity input to
grow by 1.2 – 1.5%
IB : 10,2%
24
TWh
55 TWh
IT :
10,8%
13 TWh
31 TWh
JB : 7,8%
125
TWh241
TWh
2011 2020
16 Feb 2012
3
Energy to Meet Future Electricity Demand:
16 Feb 2012
Coal : Available domestically in large quantity, a logical choice
Gas : Generaly in short supply even to existing power plants, difficult
to plan new combined cycle plants
LNG and mini-LNG : new for Indonesia’s power sector, needed for
peaking generation and load follower
Oil : prohibitive but sometimes the only short term solution
Large renewables:
– Hydro power : much less than initially claimed after stringent
screening,
– Geothermal : much more exploration work is needed
Other renewables: not up to the scale that would change the fuel mix
significantly yet
Cross-border interconnection: easily viable for economic exchange or
firm baseload energy transfer.
4
Coal Resources
16 Feb 2012
5
Exploitable geothermal potential
Source: Master Plan Study for Geothermal Power Development in the Republic of Indonesia, WestJEC, August 2007
FROM WEST TO EAST
6
More reserves found and exploration activities occureed in the eastern part ofIndonesia mainly deepwater project
Deep Water Area
Western partEastern part
Mostly TertieryDiscoveries in
Jurrasic Plays
1998-2008
2 23
0 0
9 9
5
0
2
4
6
8
10
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
EASTERN INDONESIA CONTRACT SIGNED
EASTERN INDONESIA CONTRACT SIGNED
Most of bidding acreage located in eastern
side of Indonesia
Source : Presentation Director General Of Oil and Gas Roundtable “Unconventional Gas ,
Feb 6 2012
Gas exploration
Grid Development Plan of Sumatera
500 kV
Prabumulih
Baturaja
Tarahan
Tes HEPP
Sukamerindu
Bangko
Tl. Kelapa
MarianaLubuk
Linggau
Payo
Selincah
Adijaya
B. Tegi
HEPP
1 . PLTG Apung
2. PLTG Ex Pulo Gadung3 . IPP Palembang Timur
KiliranjaoSalak
Lubuk Alung Pauh
Limo
S.Haru
Bagan Batu
Kulim
S.Penuh
PagarAlam
Singkarak
HEPP
Pd. Luar
Teluk
Lembu
Duri
Banda AcehSigli
Bireun Lhokseumawe
Idie
Langsa
Sipan HEPP
Tele
Brastagi
PLTU/GU
K. Tanjung
G.Para
P. Siantar
Porsea
Kisaran
Aek Kanopan
R. Prapat
K. Pinang
Panyabungan
Asahan IHEPP
Meulaboh
Takengon
Tembilahan
Muara Bungo
Bagan
Siapi- api
P. Kerinci
Maninjau
HEPP
Manna
Bangkinang
Sibolga
Glugur
Mabar
T . Morawa
KIM
Pd. Panjang
Keramasan
Simpang 3
Sribawono
Borang
Gumawang
New
Tarahan
Kalianda
Sp.Banyak
Mukomuko
Simpang 4
Tapak Tuan
Sabulusalam
PLTU
P. Susu
P. Pangarayan
PLTUCirenti
Musi HEPP
Sumbar Pessel
PLTUL. Angin
PLTG G. Megang
Sistem
JAWA
Suka
rame
B. Umpu
Tualang Cut
Jantho
Seulawah
New
G.Sakti
Garuda
Sakti
TNB
Malaysia
Malaka
5
67
12
34
P.Pasir
T. Tinggi
Labuhan
Tegineneng
Sutami
Binjai
P.Geli
Namorambe
Titi KuningDenai
Galang
P. Brandan
Batusangkar
Ombilin
Payakumbuh
Perawang
Tenayan
Siak Sri Indra Pura
T. Kuantan
Bungus
Indarung
Kt. Panjang
HEPP
Merangin
HEPP
Peusangan 1-2HEPP
Blangkjeren
Kuta Cane
Lawe MamasHEPP
Pasir Putih
Perbaungan
Belawan
Lamhotma
Aur Duri
PLTU
Jambi
Lahat
Bukit
Asam
Betung
PLTG Kaji
PLTUS. Belimbing
PLTUBanjarsari
PLTUK. Agung
KotabumiBukit
Kemuning
PLTP
L.Balai
Liwa
Bengkunat
NatarGd. Tataan
Tlk .
Betung
Tlk. Ratai
WampuHEPP
Metro
PLTP Wai Ratai
.
S. Lilin
B. Lincir
M. ENIM
PLTUMeulaboh
Pd . Sidempuan
PLTPUluBelu
Pagelaran
K. Agung
PLTPRajabasa
Langkapura
Besai HEPP
PLTPS. Sekincau
Menggala
P. Ratu
PLTP
Hulu Lais
PLTP
R.Dedap
Muara
Dua
PLTP
D. Ranau
T.Tinggi
Sekayu
Kayu
Agung
T.Api-api
GIS Kota I
P.Baai
Muara Bulian
Sarolangun
Muara
Rupit
K. Tungkal
KambangPLTU
Sumbar-1
PLTP
M.Laboh
Pariaman
PIP
GIS Kota
Solok
PLTP
G. Talang
Kandis
Minas
Dumai
KID
T.Pura
D. Sanggul
TarutungPLTPP. Bukit
Sidikalang
Renun HEPP
G.Tua
PLTPSarulla&
Sipaholon
Simangkok Asahan IIIHEPP
Asahan IV&VHEPP
Sei. Rotan
PLTU
Sumut-2
PLTPS. Merapi
K. Namu
P. Batu
Ulee
Kareng
Samalanga
C. Trueng
P. Labu
Rengat
D
P
U
Blang Pidie
Pekalongan
Argamakmur
Mesuji
Dipasena
– Sumatera economic
coridor is centered around
eastern coast.
– Huge geographical
distance requires strong
transmission backbone.
– 275kV backbone will be
strengthened by 500 kV
backbone 500 kV along
the eastern coast.
– All large scale power
plants will be connected
to the 500 kV grid.
– Interconnection with
Malaysia is to increase
security and reduce
operation costs.
500 kV
275kV
150 kV
250 kV DC
>2020
S.Empat
GI.SengataGI.Ngabang GI.Sangga
uGI.Sintang
GI.Kotabaru
GI.Sandai
GI.KetapangGI.Buntok
GI.M.Teweh
Mantuil
Pontianak
Samarinda
BalikpapanG. Malang
Batu Licin
U
G
U
G
U
U
Kusan
2x200 MW,
2011, 2012
M Noor
2x200 MW,
2011, 2012Asam-asam
2x65 MW, 2009,
2010
Sampit 1 & 2
2x7 MW, 2009
Sampit Baru 1 &
2
2x7 MW, 2009
Pangkalan Bun
1x14 MW, 2009
Parit Baru 1 & 2-
Pontianak
2x25 MW, 2009, 2010
Parit Baru 1 & 2
2x55 MW, 2009, 2010
Sei Raya
Siantan
Sambas
Bengkayan
g
Mempawah
Singkawang
Singkawang Baru 1
& 2
2x25 MW, 2009,
2010
Pontianak 1, 2 & 3
3x50 MW, 2014, 15,
16
Pontianak Baru 1 &
2
2x50 MW, 2009,
2010
Sintang 1 & 2
2x7 MW, 2011,
2012U
Sampit
U
Palangkaraya 1 & 2
2x60 MW, 2009,
2010
Pelaihari
Cempaka
K Kapuas
Seb Barito
Trisakti
Barikin
TanjungKuaro
Karang Joang
Karang Asam
Bontang
Pa ara
Samarinda Baru
PLTGU
Banjarmasin 1
& 2
2x35 MW,
2014
Sei Kleda
Parit Baru
Kota Baru Siantan
1x8 MW, 2008
GI.Tayan
D
U
U
GI.Sekadau GI.Nagapinoh
GI. Sukadana
GU
A
GI.Mamban
g
GI.Putusibau
A
G
U
– Trans-Kalimantan
interconnection covers
the areas having higher
economic activities and
more populated.
– Interconnection with
Sarawak is to improve
securiry and economic
operations of West
Kalimantan.
– Large hydro power
potential in East
Kalimantan will be
developed when more
detailed studies
completed.
>2020
275kV
150 kV
Grid Development Plan of Kalimantan
– North Sulawsi + Gorontalo
are not going to be
interconected with the rest
of Sulawesi.
– Large hydro power
potentials available in West
Sulawesi, central Sulawsi and
northern South Sulawesi.
– The main grid for Sulawesi is
150 kV, except the lines
connecting Poso HEPP and
Karama HEPP.
– High electricity demand
from ferro-nickel industry
requites stronger grid.
AnggrekBuroko
Lolak
Kotamubagu/Otam
Lopana KawangkoanTomohon
Telling
Ranomut
Likupang
Sawangan
U
G
A
SidrapPinrang
Pare-pare
Polmas
MarosPangkep
Tello
Bulukumba
Watampone
Soppeng
Makale
Palop
o
Jeneponto
TakalarS.Minasa
Panakukkang
A
U
Majene
Mamuj
u
Siwa
Wotu
Malili
Kolaka
Unaaha
AG
Tanggari
1x35 MW, 2008
Tonsea Lama
1x35 MW, 2008
Lahendong 1 & 2
2x20 MW, 2007,
2008
Amurang 1 & 2
2x55 MW, 2010,
2011
Amurang Baru 1 &
2
2x25 MW, 2010
Sulut 1& 2
2x25 MW, 2013,
2014
Gorontalo 1 & 2
2x6 MW, 2009
Gorontalo Baru 1 & 2
2x25 MW, 2009
Tawaeli 1 &
2
2x13,5 MW
Poso
1x145 MW,
2011
Bonto Batu
1x100 MW,
2016
Malea
1x182 MW,
2016 Bakaru 2
2x63 MW, 2013,
2014
Poko
1x120 MW, 2009Sengkang
1x120 MW,
2009
Sektor Tello
1x120 MW,
2009
Jeneponto 1 & 2
1x100 MW, 2011,
2012
Bosowa 1 & 2
1x100 MW, 2010,
2011
Kolaka
2 x 10 MW,
2011
Kendari
2x10 MW, 2009
Kendari
2x10 MW, 2010
Takalar Baru 1 & 2
2x100 MW, 2013,
2014
GSengkang
1x20 MW, 2008
Sengkang
1x45 MW, 2009
A
P
A
UU
A
Parigi
Isimu BatupingeMarisa
U
TaliseSilae
U
A
Poso
A
Inco Ekspansi
Inco
Antam
Nickel mining
275kV
150 kV
Grid Development Plan of Sulawesi
– Priority to use energy sources
available locally (gas at
Bintuni, Sorong), hidro
(Wamena, Jayapura).
– Baliem 50 MW HEPP will be
developed to promote
economic growth in
Pegunungan Tengah
– HV grid will be developed
only locally.
PROVINSI
PAPUA BARATSistem Jayapura
Sistem Wamena
Sistem
Merauke
Sistem Biak
Sistem Serui
Sistem Nabire
Sistem
Timika
Inco Ekspansi
Inco
Antam
Electricity Development Plan of Papua
11
SURALAYA
CILEGON
M.TAWAR
GANDUL
CIBATU
CIBINONG
CIRATA
SAGULING
DEPOK
BEKASICAWANG
TASIKMALAYA
BANDUNG
SELATAN
MANDIRANCAN
UNGARAN
T.JATI
PEDAN
KEDIRIPAITON
GRATI
KRIAN
GRESIK
KEMBANGAN
GLNUK
PMRON
BTRTI
KAPAL
NGARA
ANTRI GNYAR
AMPLA
NSDUA
GTENG
STBDO
BWNGI
BDWSO
JMBER
TNGUL
LMJNG
GNDING
PBLGO
PAKIS
WLNGIKKTES
KBAGN
BNGIL
BNGIL
SKLNG
KBAGN
BNRAN
GLTMR
BKLAN
SPANG
PMKSN
SMNEP
LNGAN
NGBNG
MKRTO
NGORO
KTSNO
SBLTN
TUBAN
BABAT
DWIMA
BJGRO
NGAWI
MNRJO
RBANG
BLORA
CEPU
SRGEN
PWRDI
KDMBO
PATIJPARA
KUDUSTBROKKRPYK
WLERI
KLNGU
GRUNG
DIENG
WSOBO
WALIN
PWRJO
WATES
BNTUL
SMANU
MDARI
KNTUG
WNGIRI
WNSRI
PALUR
JAJAR
MJNGO
KBSENBRBES
KBSEN
RWALO
CLCAP
GBONG
KBMEN
MRICA
MNANGBNJARCAMIS
JTBRG
HRGLS
SRAGI
SKMDI
INDMY
SBANGPWKTA
CKPAY
PBRAN
GARUT
DRJAT
CKSKA
RCKEK
KMJNG
CGRLG
UBRNG
PDLRG
DAGO
KSBRU
RGDLK
KNGAN
BBKAN
MLBNG
ARJWN
PMPEK
SMDRA
SNTSA
CNJUR
LBSTUPRATU
UBRUG
SALAK
BGBRUBUNAR
RKBTGMENES
CLGONTNA
GABLRJA
P
P
P
P
P
INDRAMAYU
.JATENG
ADIPALA
BOJANEGARA
BANTEN
500 kV AC
150 kV
500 kV DC
Grid Development Plan of Jawa
• Most developed power system in RI, peak demand is over 20 GW this month
• The backbone is 500kV grid to which large scale power plants are connected
• 3000 MW, 500kV HVDC Link will be constructed between Sumatera and Jawa
– Power generation in Bali is still
distillate-based, with some
power from Jawa through
150kV sea cables.
– Medium size CFPP will be
constructed soon in northern
area
– Interconnection with Jawa will
be strengthened by 500kV
lines (Jawa-Bali Crossing)
BTRTI
PMRON
ANSRI
NGARA
AMPRA
SANUR
PSGRN
NSDUA
KAPAL
UBUDGNYAR
CLKBWGBWNGI
BTMUR
NSNUR
NKAPAL
dari
PITON
UU
GLNUK
GNYAR II
NSDUA II
>2020
500 kV
150 kV (kabel laut)
150 kV
Grid Development Plan of Bali
31%
41% 34%30%
31%
39%
43%
41%
39%
39%
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
50,000
55,000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PLTN
PLTG PLN PLTG IPP
PLTGU PLN PLTGU IPP
PLTU PLN Baru PLTU PLN
PLTU IPP PLTP PLN
PLTP IPP Kapasitas Terpasang
PEAK DEMAND FORECAST Reserve Margin Normal
13
Power Development Plan to 2020
(example for Java-Bali power system)
Coal IPP
Geothemal
Existing capacity
PS hydro
GT
Coal PLN (FTP1)
Coal PLN
Gas GTCC``
MW
16 Feb 2012
14
New capacity addition by technology (whole Indonesia)
Total capacity addition to
2020: 55.345 MW
• Coal : 35.573 MW
• Hydro : 5.723 MW
• Geothermal: 6.247 MW
• Gas CC : 3.263 MW
• GT : 4.093 MW
• Other: 441 MW
14
5,583
6,877
4,971
4,271
5,941
7,164
6,436
4,181
5,034 4,882
-
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PLTU PLTA PLTP PLTGU PLTG PLT Lain Total
15
Electricity Production of Jawa-Bali by Fuel
Geothermal
HSD MFO
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Air Panas Bumi Batubara Gas LNG MFO (Oil) HSD (Oil)
coal
gas
geothermal
hydro
HSD
LNG
16 Feb 2012
[GWh]
16
Hydro-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
GW
h
Impor Biomass Surya/Hybrid HSD MFO LNG Gas Batubara Geothermal Hydro
HSD
Gas
LNG
coal
geothermal
Hydro
oil
16 Feb 2012
Electricity Production of Indonesia by Fuel
[GWh]
17
Coal Consumption for Electricity Generation
million tons
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Historical Projection 126
42
30
16 Feb 2012
18
Coal Use for Electricity Generation by Rank
Million Tons
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Low Rank Medium High
Low rank
126
42
16 Feb 2012
19
CO2 emission from electricity sector
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2011 2013 2015 2017 2019
Total Emission Emission from Coal
Million Tons CO2
• Emission will increase
from 125 million tons in
2011 to 275 million tons
in 2020
• Most emission will come
from coal combustion
(almost 90%)
16 Feb 2012
20
Cleaner Use of Low Rank Coal
• The plan to use more coal in power sector will be balanced by the
plan to develop large scale geothermal and small-medium-large
hydro power, and the use of CCT.
• PLN sets a policy to plan only SC/USC coal plants in Java for better
efficiency and lower CO2 emissions.
• PLN has been assessing the relevant factors
• technical availability,
• low rank coal availability,
• economic viability,
• Conclusion: CCT that can be adopted by RI are USC and IGCC.
16 Feb 2012
21
Roadmap of CCT in Indonesia *)
*) Source: The Project for Promotion of Clean Coal Technology (CCT) in Indonesia, Interim
Report, October 2011, Jakarta, JICA Study Team, with modification
2011 2015 2020 2025
SC, = 35-40%
USC, 43%
IGCC
45-48%
Central Java IPP
(USC 2x1000 MW)
Indramayu #1
(USC 1000 MW)
Indramayu #2
(USC 1000 MW)
Bekasi
(USC 2x600 MW)
2000–3000 MW
per year
IGCC 1000 MW Class
16 Feb 2012
16 Feb 2012 22
PLN ‘s 10-year power expansion plan has been devised to
achieve long-term power security as indicated by:
- Capacity addition in line with electricity demand and
economic development.
- High degree of energy diversity (mix of coal, gas,
geothermal, hydro other RE), with less and less dependency
on volatile and expensive oil.
- Priority to use energy sources available locally.
- Development of power transmission infrastructures to
increase security and improve economic operations,
- Use of high efficiency technology in supply side (SC, USC),
- Long-term environmental sustainability (less emissions)
- International cooperation through cross-border
interconnection projects.
Conclusions:
