Upload
maitland
View
62
Download
5
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Improving Police-Community Relations Through Community Policing. National Crime Prevention Council 2007–2008. Goal of This Presentation. To help participants understand how relations between the community and law enforcement can be strengthened through community policing strategies. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Improving Police-Community Improving Police-Community Relations Through Community Relations Through Community
PolicingPolicing
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council
2007–20082007–2008
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 22
Goal of This PresentationGoal of This Presentation
To help participants understand To help participants understand how relations between the how relations between the
community and law enforcement community and law enforcement can be strengthened through can be strengthened through community policing strategiescommunity policing strategies
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 33
ObjectivesObjectives
Define community policing and its principlesDefine community policing and its principles
Describe the benefits and the importance of Describe the benefits and the importance of citizen involvementcitizen involvement
Identify strategies for effective communicationIdentify strategies for effective communication
Identify the six factors for improving police Identify the six factors for improving police community relationscommunity relations
Describe the benefits of Neighborhood WatchDescribe the benefits of Neighborhood Watch
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 44
Crime Prevention As a BridgeCrime Prevention As a Bridge
Crime Prevention efforts reduce polarization Crime Prevention efforts reduce polarization that sometimes exists between police and that sometimes exists between police and citizens.citizens.
Community Policing, Neighborhood Watch, Community Policing, Neighborhood Watch, Orange Hat Patrols, Weed and Seed, and Orange Hat Patrols, Weed and Seed, and McGruff programs build a bridge that enables McGruff programs build a bridge that enables residents and law enforcement to residents and law enforcement to communicate, collaborate, and work together communicate, collaborate, and work together to build safer, more caring communities.to build safer, more caring communities.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 55
The Benefits of ImprovedThe Benefits of Improved Police-Community Relations Police-Community Relations
Improved Relations Allow Police Officers to Improved Relations Allow Police Officers to
Police more effectivelyPolice more effectively
Find their jobs safer and easier to doFind their jobs safer and easier to do
Face less litigation and gain longer Face less litigation and gain longer careerscareers
Be treated with greater respectBe treated with greater respect
Have better moraleHave better morale
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 66
The Benefits of Improved Police-The Benefits of Improved Police-Community RelationsCommunity Relations (continued)(continued)
Improved Relations Allow Community Residents toImproved Relations Allow Community Residents to
Have more trust and less fear of police Have more trust and less fear of police
Have a safer community Have a safer community
Have less tension and conflictHave less tension and conflict
Gain greater cooperation from policeGain greater cooperation from police
Gain increased safety for children and seniorsGain increased safety for children and seniors
Gain quicker resolution to crimeGain quicker resolution to crime
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 77
A Bit of HistoryA Bit of History
Community PolicingCommunity Policing
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 88
Sir Robert PeelSir Robert PeelConsidered a “father” of law enforcementConsidered a “father” of law enforcement
Are his principles of Are his principles of policing still policing still applicable today?applicable today?
Absolutely!Absolutely!
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 99
Sir Robert Peel’s Sir Robert Peel’s Nine Principles of PolicingNine Principles of Policing
1. The basic mission of the police is to prevent 1. The basic mission of the police is to prevent crime and disorder.crime and disorder.
2. The ability of the police to perform their duties is 2. The ability of the police to perform their duties is dependent upon public approval of police dependent upon public approval of police actions.actions.
3. Police must secure the willing cooperation of the 3. Police must secure the willing cooperation of the public.public.
4.4. The degree of cooperation of the public that can The degree of cooperation of the public that can be secured diminishes proportionally to the be secured diminishes proportionally to the necessity of the use of force.necessity of the use of force.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1010
55. . Police seek and preserve public favor.Police seek and preserve public favor.6. Police use physical force to the extent 6. Police use physical force to the extent
necessary.necessary.7. Police at all times should maintain a 7. Police at all times should maintain a
relationship with the public.relationship with the public.8. Police should always direct their actions 8. Police should always direct their actions
strictly toward their functions.strictly toward their functions.9. The test of police efficiency is the absence 9. The test of police efficiency is the absence
of crime and disorder.of crime and disorder.
Sir Robert Peel’s Sir Robert Peel’s Nine Principles of Policing Nine Principles of Policing (continued)(continued)
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1111
“Community policing is a philosophy that promotes and supports organizational
strategies to address the causes of crime, to reduce the fear of crime and social disorder
through problem-solving tactics and community-police partnerships.”
Source: Community Oriented Policing Services Office
Community PolicingCommunity Policing
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1212
The Eight “P”s of Community Policing
A PHILOSOPHY of full service,
PERSONALIZED
POLICING, where the same officer
PATROLS and works in the same area on a
PERMANENT basis, from a decentralized
PLACE, working in
PARTNERSHIP with citizens to identify and solve
PROBLEMS
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1313
Community PolicingCommunity Policing
The community-policing philosophy rests on The community-policing philosophy rests on the belief that law-abiding citizens in the the belief that law-abiding citizens in the
community have a responsibility to community have a responsibility to participate in the police process. It also rests participate in the police process. It also rests
on the belief that solutions to today’s on the belief that solutions to today’s contemporary community problems demand contemporary community problems demand freeing both community residents and law freeing both community residents and law enforcement to explore creative ways to enforcement to explore creative ways to
address neighborhood concerns beyond a address neighborhood concerns beyond a narrow focus on individual crimes.narrow focus on individual crimes.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1414
The more the various The more the various groups share groups share common values, common values, beliefs, and goals, the beliefs, and goals, the more likely it is that more likely it is that they will agree on they will agree on common goals.common goals.
Normative Sponsorship Theory
Most people are of Most people are of good will.good will.
They will cooperate with others to facilitate
the building of consensus.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1515
Critical Social TheoryCritical Social Theory
EnlightenmentEnlightenment
Give informationGive information
EmpowermentTake action to improve conditions
Emancipation
People can achieve through social action
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1616
Community Relationships Community Relationships ProvideProvide
Worth in social valueWorth in social value• A more informed citizenryA more informed citizenry
• Example to young people and othersExample to young people and others
• Added valueAdded value• Opportunity to learn about law enforcement while Opportunity to learn about law enforcement while
working with law enforcementworking with law enforcement• Learning about citizens’ concernsLearning about citizens’ concerns
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1717
How Do People How Do People View the Police?View the Police?
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1818
Agencies Opening Their Doors to Agencies Opening Their Doors to Citizens Through Citizen Police Citizens Through Citizen Police
AcademiesAcademies
Why is it important?Why is it important?
Who can it benefit?Who can it benefit?
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 1919
Philosophy of the Citizens’ Philosophy of the Citizens’ Police AcademyPolice Academy
Agency size and demographics can Agency size and demographics can sometimes create barriers between the police sometimes create barriers between the police and those they serve.and those they serve.
Community policing is paramount to the Community policing is paramount to the effectiveness of crime reduction.effectiveness of crime reduction.
Police image: There are many Police image: There are many misconceptions to dispel.misconceptions to dispel.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2020
Philosophy of the Citizens’ Police Philosophy of the Citizens’ Police Academy Academy (continued)(continued)
CommunityCommunityPolicePoliceBusinessBusiness
SchoolsSchoolsGovernmentGovernmentYouthYouth
Who Will Benefit From It?
EVERYONE!
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2121
Philosophy of the Citizens’ Police Philosophy of the Citizens’ Police Academy Academy (continued)(continued)
• Improved Improved cooperationcooperation
• Less apathyLess apathy• Reduction in Reduction in
crimecrime• Reduction in fear Reduction in fear
of crimeof crime
• Better Better communicationscommunications
• Improved police Improved police imageimage
• Clear Clear understandingunderstanding
What They Can AccomplishWhat They Can Accomplish
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2222
Volunteers in Volunteers in Police ServicePolice Service
Volunteers in Police Service (VIPS)
Provides support for resource-constrained police departments by incorporating civilian volunteers so that law enforcement professionals have more time for frontline duty
WebsiteWebsitewww.policevolunteers.orgwww.policevolunteers.org
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2323
Volunteers in Police Service Volunteers in Police Service (continued)(continued)
Foundations of the VIPS Foundations of the VIPS ProgramProgram
• 2002 Presidential initiative2002 Presidential initiative• Department of Justice and Department of Justice and
IACP responsibilitiesIACP responsibilities
ConceptConcept• Volunteers from the communityVolunteers from the community• Expanding law enforcement to Expanding law enforcement to
the communitythe community
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2424
Volunteers in Police Service Volunteers in Police Service (continued)(continued)
Why they are neededWhy they are needed• Ease demands on law enforcementEase demands on law enforcement• Encourage a more informed citizenryEncourage a more informed citizenry• Provide an example to young peopleProvide an example to young people• Improve cooperation and understanding Improve cooperation and understanding
between the police and their communitybetween the police and their community
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2525
Considerations of Community Considerations of Community InteractionInteraction
How community volunteers can be used How community volunteers can be used within their communitywithin their community- Legal issuesLegal issues- Safety issuesSafety issues- Expertise issuesExpertise issues
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2626
Community/Police Needs and Community/Police Needs and SupportSupport
Filling needs with volunteersFilling needs with volunteers• Coordinating positionCoordinating position• Prerecruitment action requiredPrerecruitment action required• Role of the International Association of Chiefs Role of the International Association of Chiefs
of Police (IACP)of Police (IACP)• Match volunteers to the organization’s Match volunteers to the organization’s
strategic planstrategic plan• Possible volunteer positions (adapt to local Possible volunteer positions (adapt to local
needs)needs)
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2727
Recruiting and MarketingRecruiting and Marketing
Recruitment strategyRecruitment strategy• Who is your target?Who is your target?• Develop a planDevelop a plan• Recognize important existing networks and Recognize important existing networks and
tap intotap intoChurches, PTAs, community councils, Kiwanis, Churches, PTAs, community councils, Kiwanis,
Rotarians, etc.Rotarians, etc.Elementary and secondary schools Elementary and secondary schools Youth, courts, citizens’ police academiesYouth, courts, citizens’ police academies
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2828
Develop organizational marketing Develop organizational marketing materialsmaterials• WebsitesWebsites• BrochuresBrochures• Fliers/handouts/fact sheetsFliers/handouts/fact sheets• Store window postersStore window posters• Ads in local papersAds in local papers• Cable channel accessCable channel access
Recruiting and Marketing Recruiting and Marketing (continued)(continued)
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 2929
Media assistanceMedia assistance• Public service announcementsPublic service announcements• News releasesNews releases
Prerecruitment strategyPrerecruitment strategy• Secure top management buy-inSecure top management buy-in• Develop organization marketing materialsDevelop organization marketing materials
Recruiting and Marketing Recruiting and Marketing (continued)(continued)
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3030
• Position descriptionPosition description• Time commitmentTime commitment• Defined program Defined program
activitiesactivities• Direct supervisorDirect supervisor• Website access for Website access for
personal record of personal record of service/journalservice/journal
What Does a Citizen Need To What Does a Citizen Need To Know Before VolunteeringKnow Before Volunteering??
• How long should How long should volunteers serve?volunteers serve?
• Age criteriaAge criteria• Citizens’ police Citizens’ police
academy attendance academy attendance prior to serviceprior to service
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3131
Police Agency Management and Police Agency Management and Administrative IssuesAdministrative Issues
Agency mission, objectives, and goalsAgency mission, objectives, and goals• Define the agency’s mission, objectives, and Define the agency’s mission, objectives, and
goalsgoals• Define concepts and political considerations Define concepts and political considerations
for volunteers for volunteers • Define objectives and goals within the Define objectives and goals within the
agency’s mission for volunteersagency’s mission for volunteers• Define clear and specific department Define clear and specific department
guidelines for volunteersguidelines for volunteers
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3232
• Develop a prerecruitment strategy according Develop a prerecruitment strategy according to the Volunteers in Police Service’s goal to to the Volunteers in Police Service’s goal to help resource-constrained agencieshelp resource-constrained agencies
• Internal management responsibilitiesInternal management responsibilities• External management responsibilitiesExternal management responsibilities• Who can manage the programWho can manage the program• Training issuesTraining issues• Liability issuesLiability issues• Funding issuesFunding issues
VIPS Management and VIPS Management and Administrative IssuesAdministrative Issues
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3333
Strategies for Effective Strategies for Effective CommunicationCommunication
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3434
Trust Building ModelTrust Building Model
TRUST
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
RELATIONSHIP AND PARTNERSHIP BUILDING
GREATER FLEXIBILITY AND RANGE OF SOLUTIONS
GREATER SUCCESS !
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3535
The Communication ProcessThe Communication Process
Message cuesMessage cues
Listener supplies meaningListener supplies meaning
ContentContent
Relate to your audience; build Relate to your audience; build rapportrapport
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3636
The Communication Process The Communication Process (continued)(continued)
One-way or two-way communicationOne-way or two-way communication
Consider verbal and nonverbal cuesConsider verbal and nonverbal cues
Physical appearancePhysical appearance
Solicit student engagement and Solicit student engagement and participation by using open-ended participation by using open-ended questions and feedback.questions and feedback.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3737
Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal Communication ConsiderationsConsiderations
Facial expressionFacial expression
Tone of voiceTone of voice
Eye contactEye contact
TouchTouch
Personal spacePersonal space
TerritorialityTerritoriality
TimeTime
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3838
Building Trust Through Effective Building Trust Through Effective CommunicationCommunication
Effective ListeningEffective Listening
• Listen to learn and understand, not to Listen to learn and understand, not to challenge or persuade.challenge or persuade.
• Take turns and listen for Take turns and listen for factsfacts and and feelingsfeelings. (Both are important.). (Both are important.)
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 3939
Six Factors Necessary Six Factors Necessary To Improve To Improve
Police-Community RelationsPolice-Community Relations
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 4040
The Six FactorsThe Six Factors
1.1. MembershipMembership
2.2. EnvironmentEnvironment
3.3. Process and StructureProcess and Structure
4.4. CommunicationsCommunications
5.5. PurposePurpose
6.6. ResourcesResources
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 4141
MembershipMembership
1.1. Appropriate cross-section of membersAppropriate cross-section of members
2.2. Mutual respect, understanding, and trustMutual respect, understanding, and trust
3.3. Members see that collaboration is in their Members see that collaboration is in their best interest.best interest.
4.4. Members develop an ability to Members develop an ability to compromise.compromise.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 4242
EnvironmentEnvironment
1.1. Political and social climate are favorable.Political and social climate are favorable.
2.2. Collaborative group is viewed as a leader Collaborative group is viewed as a leader in the community.in the community.
3.3. There is a history or evidence of There is a history or evidence of collaboration or cooperation in the collaboration or cooperation in the community.community.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 4343
Process and StructureProcess and Structure1.1. Members are invested in the process as Members are invested in the process as
well as the outcome.well as the outcome.
2.2. Clear roles and responsibilitiesClear roles and responsibilities
3.3. FlexibilityFlexibility
4.4. AdaptabilityAdaptability
5.5. Equal decision-making authority is held Equal decision-making authority is held by each member regardless of rank, by each member regardless of rank, authority, or place in the hierarchy.authority, or place in the hierarchy.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 4444
CommunicationCommunication
1.1. Members learn to listen and allow Members learn to listen and allow venting.venting.
2.2. There is open and frequent There is open and frequent communication.communication.
3.3. Members disclose self interest at first Members disclose self interest at first meeting.meeting.
4.4. Members establish informal and formal Members establish informal and formal means of communication. means of communication.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 4545
PurposePurpose
1.1. Concrete, attainable goals and objectivesConcrete, attainable goals and objectives
2.2. Shared visionShared vision
3.3. Desired results and strategiesDesired results and strategies
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 4646
ResourcesResources
1.1. A skilled and unbiased convener of A skilled and unbiased convener of meetingsmeetings
2.2. Staff time and volunteer timeStaff time and volunteer time
3.3. Sufficient funds Sufficient funds
Crime in Your Crime in Your NeighborhoodNeighborhood
A A lack of community involvementlack of community involvement may lead to some of the most serious may lead to some of the most serious and perplexing problems your and perplexing problems your community faces.community faces.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 4848
Why Is Community Involvement Why Is Community Involvement Important?Important?
When members of a community are When members of a community are involved with each other, they knowinvolved with each other, they know• Their neighborsTheir neighbors• The daily “goings-on” in the neighborhoodThe daily “goings-on” in the neighborhood• When something is wrongWhen something is wrong
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 4949
One great way to perpetuate One great way to perpetuate community involvement is community involvement is through the Neighborhood through the Neighborhood
Watch program.Watch program.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 5050
What Is the Neighborhood Watch What Is the Neighborhood Watch Program?Program?
Neighborhood Watch was established in Neighborhood Watch was established in 1970 to bring residents together to interact 1970 to bring residents together to interact and become the guardians for the police and become the guardians for the police in their community. in their community.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 5151
Neighborhood WatchNeighborhood WatchCrime prevention group organized around a block, defined neighborhood, or business districtServes as “eyes and ears” for law enforcementHelps establish or reclaim informal control of an area by observation, visibility, and increased social interactionDonates time and resourcesUsually has no formal budget or funding sourceSuccess results in reduction in crime and improved quality of life for neighborhood residents
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 5252
The Benefits of The Benefits of Neighborhood WatchNeighborhood Watch
Unites the community and increases Unites the community and increases neighborhood cohesion neighborhood cohesion Reduces fear of crime in the community Reduces fear of crime in the community Improves crime reporting by citizensImproves crime reporting by citizensIncreases surveillance in the community Increases surveillance in the community Prevents and reduces crime Prevents and reduces crime Enhances homeland security Enhances homeland security
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 5353
The Benefits of The Benefits of Neighborhood Watch Neighborhood Watch (continued)(continued)
Studies show that Neighborhood Watch is Studies show that Neighborhood Watch is effective becauseeffective because
It unites neighbors around a common goal—safety and It unites neighbors around a common goal—safety and security. security. It provides all members basic skills on preventing crime It provides all members basic skills on preventing crime and reporting suspicious activities or crimes.and reporting suspicious activities or crimes.It builds a base for correcting neighborhood problems.It builds a base for correcting neighborhood problems.It works well with other civic activities. It works well with other civic activities.
Additional Additional Citizen ActionsCitizen Actions
Discuss your community’s overall security, Discuss your community’s overall security, including lighting, and contact neighbors or including lighting, and contact neighbors or the proper authorities to request necessary the proper authorities to request necessary improvements.improvements.
Contact your local law enforcement agency Contact your local law enforcement agency and work with it to discuss basic community and work with it to discuss basic community modifications that may overcome current modifications that may overcome current problems.problems.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 5555
Are state crime prevention associations and Are state crime prevention associations and Neighborhood Watch programs involved in Neighborhood Watch programs involved in
community policing and homeland security?community policing and homeland security?
Absolutely!
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 5656
How Can Citizens Be More How Can Citizens Be More Aware?Aware?
Be informedBe informed
Be alertBe alert
Be preparedBe prepared
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 5757
In ConclusionIn Conclusion
Community policing is the responsibility of Community policing is the responsibility of bothboth law enforcement and community law enforcement and community members. Both have important roles in members. Both have important roles in community policing.community policing.
There are many ways to involve the There are many ways to involve the community in crime-reduction and problem community in crime-reduction and problem solving, including community meetings and solving, including community meetings and citizens’ police academies.citizens’ police academies.
Police and local citizens are all members of Police and local citizens are all members of the community.the community.
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 5858
QuestionsQuestions
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 5959
Special Thanks toSpecial Thanks to
Tri-State RCPITri-State RCPI
for providing their materials for this for providing their materials for this presentationpresentation
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 6060
ResourcesResources
www.ncpc.org
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 6161
ResourcesResources
Community Policing ConsortiumCommunity Policing Consortium
www.communitypolicing.orgwww.communitypolicing.org
Volunteers in Police Service (VIPS)Volunteers in Police Service (VIPS)
www.policevolunteers.orgwww.policevolunteers.org
Citizen CorpsCitizen Corps
www.citizencorps.govwww.citizencorps.gov
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 6262
ResourcesResources
National Sheriffs’ AssociationNational Sheriffs’ Association
1450 Duke Street1450 Duke Street
Alexandria, VA 22314Alexandria, VA 22314
703-836-7827 703-836-7827
www.sheriffs.orgwww.sheriffs.org
www.USAonwatch.orgwww.USAonwatch.org
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 6363
The National Crime Prevention The National Crime Prevention CouncilCouncil
2345 Crystal Drive2345 Crystal Drive
Suite 500Suite 500
Arlington, VA 22202Arlington, VA 22202
202-466-6272202-466-6272
FAX 202-296-1356FAX 202-296-1356
www.ncpc.orgwww.ncpc.org
National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council 6464
Presenter Contact InformationPresenter Contact Information