Imperialism: China & Japan

China Resists the West

• China was self-sufficient country (strong crops / industry)

• Weak Spot = Opium was the only western product the Chinese needed (very addictive)

• Lost to British in the Opium War = British get Hong Kong (1842)

• Extraterritorial Rights = British (In China) could not be punished by Chinese Law

Problems Lead to Western Control• Big ? = Adapt or Resist

• Taiping Rebellion = 20 million Chinese die in China’s 1st civil war

• Sphere of Influence = Foreign national controls trade/investment in another country

• Open Door Policy = Introduced by the USA to keep China from becoming a colonyDowager Empress Cixi (1862-1908

England

EnglandFrance

Japan

Japan

Russia

Russia

Sphere of Influence

China’s Nationalism

• The Boxer Rebellion (1900)– “Death to Foreign Devils”– Surrounded the Imperial

Powers Embassys– Defeated by multi-national

Imperial troops

• Result = China tries to adapt to the West

Japan Adapts to Western Ways

• USA forces Japan to open to trade (Gunboat Diplomacy)

• Big ? = Adapt or Resist

• Japan’s Emperor Meiji determined to modernize Japan

Japan Modernizes Under Meiji

• Japan borrows ideas from Western powers– Germany (Form of

Govt. & Army)– England (Navy)– United States (Public

Education & Industrialization)

• Result = By 1900 Japan could compete with the West

Emperor Meiji

MeijiMeijiReforRefor

msms

MeijiMeijiReforRefor

msms

AbolitionAbolitionof the of the

feudal systemfeudal system

AbolitionAbolitionof the of the

feudal systemfeudal system

LandLandRedistributionRedistribution

LandLandRedistributionRedistribution

Human Rights Human Rights & Religious& Religious

FreedomFreedom

Human Rights Human Rights & Religious& Religious

FreedomFreedom

Build aBuild aModern NavyModern Navy

(British)(British)

Build aBuild aModern NavyModern Navy

(British)(British)

WesternizeWesternizethe Schoolthe School

SystemSystem(Fr. & Ger.)(Fr. & Ger.)

WesternizeWesternizethe Schoolthe School

SystemSystem(Fr. & Ger.)(Fr. & Ger.)

Modernize Modernize the Armythe Army(Prussian)(Prussian)

Modernize Modernize the Armythe Army(Prussian)(Prussian)

EmperorEmperorWorshipWorship

IntensifiedIntensified

EmperorEmperorWorshipWorship

IntensifiedIntensified

WrittenWrittenConstitutionConstitution(Germans)(Germans)

WrittenWrittenConstitutionConstitution(Germans)(Germans)

ModernModernBankingBankingSystemSystem

ModernModernBankingBankingSystemSystem

The Japanese Became The Japanese Became ObsessedObsessed

with Western Styleswith Western Styles

The Japanese Became The Japanese Became ObsessedObsessed

with Western Styleswith Western Styles

Civilization and Enlightenment!Civilization and Enlightenment!

Japan’s Imperialism

• Sino-Japanese War = Japan beats China and becomes an Imperialist power

• Russo-Japanese War = Russia defeated by Japan (symbolic victory for Japanese)

• Korea annexed (taken over) by Japan in 1910