ImperialismAmerica as a World Power

Unit II

Essential Questions1) What considerations should guide the development of

American foreign policy?

2) When should the United States go to war?

3) What responsibilities do people with power have to those people who have less power?

4) Did America’s emergence as a world power move it closer or further away from its founding ideals?

Unit # 1 Key Terms

1. Foreign Policy The actions / plans of a nation in its interaction / involvement with other nations.

2. Realism (Pragmatism) Policy based on the belief that relations with other countries should be guided by national self-interest.

3. Idealism Policy based on the belief that values and ideals should influence how countries relate to one another.

Unit # 1 Key Terms

4. Imperialism – Stronger countries extending their military, political, or economic control over weaker territories (or empire building)

5. Protectorate – An area protected and partially controlled by another nation

1. Global Competition

• Competition with European countries

and seen as main targets

• Only two African countries remain independent

• Theodore Roosevelt’s desire to be a world power

• This is what world powers do

“As one of the great nations of the world, the United States must not

fall out of the line of march.”

- US Senator

What does this mean???

World Colonial Empires1900

Warm Up

Using this map, write down 1-2 facts you

remember about our discussion last class

• Social Darwinism racial superiority

• America’s duty to

• Idea that God had willed the United States to be greater than all other nations (Manifest Destiny)• Rudyard Kipling’s, “White Man’s

Burden”

• Josiah Strong’s, “Our Country”

• Religion

2. Cultural Superiority

Examples

Viewed by over 90 million people

Poetry Analysis

White Man’s Burden

Plickers TimeGrab a QR Code

Whose “burden” do

you think it is? Be specific!

What is the burden in the

poem?

1

2

Why expand in the Pacific?

• The “Follow the Sun” ideology

• Aryan racial superiority

– continue westward expansion

Roosevelt was a staunch expansionist

and furthered the ideaof American

“manifest destiny.”

On your whiteboards, I need the following info from each group AFTER they spend 1

minute looking at this painting:

- Title of Painting

- Location / Setting

- 3 Important Symbols

Grab Your Whiteboards

A school book

Telegraph wire

Star of Empire

Transcontinental Railroads(3)

Pioneers in Wagonsheaded West

Pony ExpressNative Indians – presumably,standing in the way of expansion

Animals such as buffalo and bear

The New Manifest Destiny

Follow the Sun – Go West

Burial of the Dead at Wounded Knee, 1890

How was the West really won?

“The winners called Wounded Knee a battle…the

Indian losers called it a massacre.” – James Bradley

This poem makes good sense from the expansionist point

of view...

• Surplus of goods creating need for new markets throughout the world (raw materials and foreign trade)

• New investment

• Examples?

4. New Markets

Raw MaterialsForeign Trade

• Purchased in 1867

• William Seward, U.S. Secretary of State

• Called “Seward’s Folly”

• U.S. bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million

• Equates to 2 cents / acre

• Rich in natural resources (ANWR debate)

The Inflation Calculator

• Vital for food (sugar), supplies, and fuel (Pearl Harbor)

• Spread Christianity

• Issues of “duty free” status

• Queen Liliuokalani – wanted to rid American influence (“Hawaii for the Hawaiians”)

Reverend John L. Stevens

“The Hawaiian pear is now fully ripe, and this is the

golden hour for the United States to pluck it.”

Sanford B. Dole1st President ofHawaii

Cousin to John Dole

Hawaii’s Last Queen03:57

We will be watching a video for today’s warm up.

In your notebook, date today’s page and write down 3-5 facts from the video.

Vocabulary Washington’s Farewell Address

Diplomacy

Realism

Idealism

Unilateralism

Neutrality

Imperialism

Protectorate

Annex – add it to bottom

Military Power• A reason for US

imperialism: build naval power

• Compete with Europe• Need for naval bases and

fuel stations around the world (throughout Pacific)

• Alfred T. Mahan

– encourage U.S. to build its naval power (compete with world powers)

• Need for for fuel stations throughout the world

• Throughout the Pacific

3. Naval Bases

• Important for refueling

• U.S. promises to help with disputes among other countries

• Divided among Germany and the United States (almost led to war)

Source: Department of Defense 2008

Great White Fleet

Roosevelt sends U.S. navy on a global cruise

16 white battleships to show that U.S. is a power in the Pacific and the world

That’ll show them

who’s in charge.

Link:

Live webcam of the Panama

Canal

The Panama Canal

1880 – French company begins work on a canal across Panama

Ferdinand de Lesseps (same man who built the Suez Canal)

After a decade, the canal was canceled (disease and terrain)

20,000 dead in 9 years (French give up)

American Motivations

Boosts economy

Increases trade with Asia(Open Door Policy)

Increased military presence

Shortens time, saves fuelClick to see interactive map

Building the Canal

Problems

Disease-carrying mosquitoes (yellow fever, malaria)

Humidity

Frequent accidents

William Gorgas – sent to Panama to reduce death from disease

The Size

More than 43,000 workers at one time

61 million pounds of dynamite

Completed in 1914 (5,600 workers die from disease)

US Territory Expands

Annex – to add a territory or state

Samoa

HawaiiClick for Clip

Alaska

Purchased from Russia

Food and fuel (Pearl

Harbor)

Perfect re-fueling stop

Cost 2 cents/acre

$7.2 million

Removed queen + spread

Christianity

Almost leads to war with Germany

ProcessingHow are we seeing imperialism in the people + places below?

Global Competition

Military Power

New Markets

Cultural Superiority

Hawaii Alfred T. Mahan Samoa Alaska Josiah

Strong

ProcessingHow are we seeing imperialism in the people + places below?

Global Competition

Military Power

New Markets

Cultural Superiority

Hawaii Alfred T. Mahan Samoa Alaska Josiah

Strong

ProcessingHow are we seeing imperialism in the places below?

Global Competition

Military Power

New Markets

Cultural Superiority

Hawaii Panama Samoa Alaska Cuba

Perspectives on ImperialismTake out your reading dissections

Global Competition

Military Power

New Markets

Cultural Superiority

MAHAN STRONG H.C. LODGE SCHURZ

What do they

think about

AMERICAN

IMPERIALISM?

Carl Schurz says..

Josiah Strong says…

Alfred T. Mahan says…Henry Cabot Lodge says…

US Territory Expands

Annex – to add a territory or state

Samoa

HawaiiClick for Clip

Alaska

Purchased from Russia

Food and fuel (Pearl

Harbor)

Perfect re-fueling stop

Cost 2 cents/acre

$7.2 million

Removed queen + spread

Christianity

Almost leads to war with Germany

Jeopardy