Hepatitis D • Epidemiologi • • Spread most commonly by percutaneous or permucosal exposure • - Perinatal transmission reported but rare • • More prevalent in Mediterranean countries, Romania, some isolated • areas in the Amazon River basin • Clinical Features • • Coinfection with HBV • - Fulminant hepatitis more common (2-20%) • - Less commonly become HBsAg carriers • • Superinfection in chronic HBV • - More likely to develop chronic HDV infection • - 70% develop cirrhosis (2-5 times more frequent than • with HBV alone) • • Incubation period probably the same as HBV • Serologic Diagnosis • 1. IgM anti-HDV is present transiently in most with acute HDV infection • a. 40-50% positive within 2 weeks of infection • b. Persists at a low level in chronic HDV infection • 2. IgG anti-HDV develops in both co-and superinfected cases
Hepatitis DEpidemiologi Spread most commonly by percutaneous or
permucosal exposure- Perinatal transmission reported but rare More
prevalent in Mediterranean countries, Romania, some isolatedareas
in the Amazon River basin Clinical Features Coinfection with HBV-
Fulminant hepatitis more common (2-20%)- Less commonly become HBsAg
carriers Superinfection in chronic HBV- More likely to develop
chronic HDV infection- 70% develop cirrhosis (2-5 times more
frequent thanwith HBV alone) Incubation period probably the same as
HBVSerologic Diagnosis1. IgM anti-HDV is present transiently in
most with acute HDV infectiona. 40-50% positive within 2 weeks of
infectionb. Persists at a low level in chronic HDV infection2. IgG
anti-HDV develops in both co-and superinfected cases
