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HOFSTRA LABOR & EMPLOYMENTLAW JOURNAL
Volume 30, No. 1Fall 2012
HEMPSTEAD, NEW YORK 11549
cite as 30 HOFSTRA LAB. & EMP. L.J.
THE Hofstra Labor & Employment Law Journal is pleased to consider unsolicited manu-scripts for publication year round. Manuscripts should be addressed to: Managing Editor ofArticles, Hofstra Labor & Employment Law Journal, Hofstra University School of Law, 121Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11549 or sent via e-mail to [email protected]. All manuscripts should be double-spaced in Microsoft Word format. Cita-tions should follow the form prescribed in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation (19thed. 2010).
Published two times per year by the Hofstra Labor & Employment Law Journal. The currentsubscription rate is twenty-five dollars per volume. Subscription renewals will be automaticunless notice to the contrary is received. All communications concerning subscriptionsshould be addressed to: Business Administrator, Hofstra Labor & Employment Law Journal,Hofstra University School of Law, 121 Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11549.Back issues can be obtained by contacting William S. Hein & Co., 1285 Main Street, Buffalo,New York 14209, 800-828-7571, or in PDF format through HeinOnline (http://heinonline.org).
© Copyright 2012 by the Hofstra Labor & Employment Law Journal. All rights reserved.
HOFSTRA LABOR & EMPLOYMENTLAW JOURNAL
2012-2013VOLUME 30
Managing Editor of ArticlesSTEPHEN R. WARSHAVSKY
Business AdministratorDAVID YARON
Articles EditorsJAMES R. BAEZJOHN BROSNANDIANA M. CANNINGMATTHEW J. CRAWFORDANTHONY MORREALEZACHARY ROTHKEN
KEITH LANGLAISBINYAMIN T. SILVER
LAURA C. AHERNSTEPHEN D. ATWELLIVY CHERIANCAMERON B. DANIELSMITCHELL DANKJACOB P. DAVIDSONMATTHEW D. FoxTHOMAS FRIEDKINJOSEPH GAONJENNAI E. GASKIN
National Advisory BoardALLAN BLOOMALLAN DINKOFFDANIEL DRISCOLLSAMUEL ESTREICHERALAN M. KORALPAUL SECUNDAPEARL ZUCHLEWSKI
Editor-in-ChiefJUDITH MASSIS-SANCHEZ
Symposium EditorJOSHUA D. SEIDMAN
Technology EditorLANA YANG
Research EditorsPAUL G. ATKINSON IVJOSHUA A. GOODMAN
JONATHAN STURM
Associate EditorsBRIAN ROSEN
MICHAEL J. TSIMARAS
StaffJOHN-ETHAN GIONIS
SlMCHA GlTELIS
JAMIE HAARMAITRY HALDER
KEN KASTMEREDITH-ANNE KURZ
JOSEPH DEAN LososKuiMA
AMANDA E. MAGUIREROBERT MARTIN
Faculty Advisory BoardGRANT M. HAYDEN
SUSAN JOFFE
Managing Editor of StaffJULIET MARY GOBLER
Alumni Affairs CoordinatorINDERJIT SINGH DHAMI
Notes and Comments EditorsNICK ANDERSON
KERRI CAULFIELDRYAN MAINHARDT
LAUREN MATTI
MICHAEL P. SCHEINERWILLIAM A. VOLET
CHRISTOPHER MUNIZCHIDO D.T. MUNYATI
LAUREN MURPHYPATRICK MURRAY
KATRINA OZOLSJASON PARK
SARA K. SCHWARTZSTEPHEN SEALEY
KARINA VAZIROVATIANLONG "VICTOR" You
Alumni Advisory BoardDAVID B. FELDMAN, CHAIRHo*T. STEPHEN L. UKEILEY
ROBERT T. SZYBAMERYL R. KAYNARD*
HOLLY E. RICH
c Honorary Member
HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAWADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS
Eric Lane, B.A., M.A, J.D., LL.M., Dean and Eric J. Schmertz Distinguished Professor of Public Law andPublic Service
Jennifer A. Gundlach, B.A., J.D., Senior Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Experiential Educationand Clinical Professor of Law
Yishai Boyarin, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Assistant Clinical Professor of Law and Associate Dean for IntellectualLife
Tobie-Lynn Accardi, B.F.A., Creative DirectorToni L. Aiello, B.A., J.D., M.S.L.S., Reference LibrarianAdonza S. Anderson, Director of Enrollment ManagementGerard Anderson, B.A., M.A., Director of Financial AidYvonne V. Atkinson, B.S., M.S., Office Manager/Paralegal, Law School Clinical ProgramJessica Backman, Help Desk AnalystAndrew E. Berman, B.A., Senior Associate Director of CommunicationsLisa Berman, B.A., Assistant Dean for External RelationsJudith N. Black, Director of Special Events and Director of CLEPeter S. Casalino, B.S., J.D., Prospect Research and Database ManagerJohn Chalmers, B.A., Associate Dean for Enrollment ManagementChaio Peter Chao, B.A., M.L.S., M.A., Catalog LibrarianMarin Dell, B.S., J.D., M.L.I.S., M.S./M.I.S., Reference/Electronic Services LibrarianShane Dizon, B.A., J.D., Assistant Director of Academic Support & Visiting Assistant Professor of LawDimitrios M. Doussi, B.A., Assistant RegistrarRyan Duck, Operations Coordinator - FacilitiesMichael J. Ende, B.A., J.D., Assistant Dean for Career ServicesScott C. Filipkowski, B.B.A., Assistant Director of Information SystemsScott J. Glick, B.A., J.D., Director of the Hofstra Law in D.C. Externship Program and Special Professor of
LawMary Godfrey-Rickards, B.A., J.D., M.L.S., Reference/Access Services LibrarianDominick J. Grillo, B.A., M.S.L.S., J.D., Assistant Director for Technology and Collection ServicesSamantha Hankins, Associate Director of Student AffairsTeresa Harrington, Operations Coordinator — PersonnelVernadette Home, B.A., J.D., Director of Career and Professional DevelopmentShikha Gupta Joseph, B.A., J.D., M.S.L.S., Reference LibrarianAisha L. Joseph, B.A., J.D., Director of Career and Professional DevelopmentBrian T. Kaspar, B.S., M.B.A., RegistrarPatricia A. Kasting, B.A., J.D., M.L.S., Reference LibrarianLaura Lanzillotta, Executive Assistant to the DeanRou-Chia P. Lin, B.A., M.L.S., Acquisitions LibrarianMichele LoFaso, Director of Student AffairsChristine Lunsford, B.A., Director of DevelopmentKatelyn McAllister, Student Affairs CoordinatorMaricia McCoy, Recruiter/Counselor for Enrollment ManagementMegan Meighan, Assistant Director of Enrollment ManagementLisa Monticciolo, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean for Students and AdministrationMark Padin, B.A., M.S., J.D., Associate Professor of Academic SupportEric Post, Annual Fund ManagerSteven Richman, Associate Director of Global InitiativesMary T. Ruggilo, B.A., J.D., Assistant Dean for FinanceLaura T. Rup, B.A., Assistant Director of Enrollment ManagementLinda P. Russo, M.L.S., B.A., Assistant Director for Technical ServicesFranca Sachs, B.A., J.D., Executive Director of Pro Bono, Externship and Fellowship ProgramsCourtney Selby, B.A., J.D., M.L.I.S., Associate Dean for Information Services, Director of the Law Library
& Associate Professor of LawKenneth J. Selvester, B.A., M.A., Associate Director for PublicationsKevin Shelton, B.A., M.A., J.D., M.S.L.I.S., Reference and Government Documents LibrarianLisa A. Spar, B.A., J.D., M.S., Assistant Director for Reference and Instructional ServicesJodie D. Sperico, Director of Alumni RelationsBarbara Stark, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Associate Dean for Intellectual Life and Professor of LawDaphne Telfeyan, Employee Outreach SpecialistAkshay D. Tripathi, B.E., M.B.A., P.M.P., Senior Director of Information SystemsKhara Tusa, B.S., J.D., Director of Career and Professional DevelopmentMichael G. Wagner, B.S., Webmaster
FACULTYRobert Abrams, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawBurton C. Agata, A.B., J.D., LL.M., Professor Emeritus of LawErica Aisner, Special Professor of LawMiriam Albert, B.A., J.D., M.B.A., LL.M., Professor of Skills and Faculty Advisor for the J.D./M.B.A.
Program
Robert Archer, Special Professor of LawKennisha Austin, Visiting Assistant Professor of LawThe Honorable Leonard B. Austin, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawKenneth Balkan, J.D., Special Professor of LawBarbara S. Barren, B.A., M.A., J.D., Professor of Skills, Director of the Trial Techniques Program,
Director of Student Advocacy Programs and Faculty Advisor to Moot Court BoardLeslie R. Bennett, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawSteven C. Bennett, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawDeborah Berger, B.S., J.D., Special Professor of LawLee Bergstein, Special Professor of LawRobert Biancavilla, B.A., J.D., M.P.S., A.S., Special Professor of LawThe Honorable Joseph Bianco, Special Professor of LawRichard Bock, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawRobert A. Baruch Bush, B.A., J.D., Harry H. Rains Distinguished Professor of Arbitration and Alternative
Dispute Settlement LawYishai Boyarin, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Associate Clinical Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Intellectual
LifeLawrence Jay Braunstein, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawWilliam Burdo, Special Professor of LawAlafair S. Burke, B.A., J.D., Professor of LawNancy Burner, Special Professor of LawAllison Caffarone, Visiting Assistant Professor of Legal WritingJuli Campagna, B.A., M.A., J.D., LL.M., Associate Professor of Legal Writing and Assistant Faculty
Director of International ProgramsAndrez Carberry, B.A., M.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawRalph H. Cathcart, Special Professor of LawRobin Charlow, A.B., J.D., Professor of LawJ. Scott Colesanti, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Associate Professor of Legal WritingRonald J. Colombo, B.S., J.D., Professor of LawPeter Contino, Special Professor of LawThe Honorable R. Bruce Cozzens, Special Professor of LawThe Honorable Edmund Dane, Special Professor of LawJ. Herbie DiFonzo, B.S., J.D., M.A., Ph.D., Professor of LawJanet L. Dolgin, B.A., M.A., Ph.D., J.D., Jack and Freda Dicker Distinguished Professor of Health Care
Law and Director of Health Law StudiesTracy Dunbrook, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Visiting Assistant Professor of LawJack Evans, Special Professor of LawAkilah N. Folami, B.A., J.D., Associate Professor of LawSusan Fortney, B.A., J.D., LL.M., J.S.D., Howard Lichtenstein Distinguished Professor of Legal Ethics and
Director of the Institute for the Study of Legal EthicsEric M. Freedman, B.A., J.D., M.A., Maurice A. Deane Distinguished Professor of Constitutional LawMonroe H. Freedman, A.B., LL.B., LL.M., Professor of LawLeon Friedman, A.B., LL.B., Joseph Kushner Distinguished Professor of Civil Liberties LawLinda Galler, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Professor of LawMitchell Gans, B.B.A., J.D., Rivkin Radler Distinguished Professor of LawThe Honorable Kenneth L. Gartner, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawAshleigh Garvey, Special Professor of LawDolores Gebhardt, B.S., J.D., Special Professor of LawJames F. Gesualdi, Esq., B.A., M.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawGeorge Giuliani, B.A., M.S., M.A., J.D., Psy.D., Special Professor of LawElizabeth M. Glazer, B.A., M.A., J.D., Associate Professor of LawScott J. Glick, B.A., J.D., Director of the Hofstra Law in D.C. Externship Program and Special Professor of
LawBarry Goldberg, Special Professor of LawDaniel J. H. Greenwood, A.B., J.D., Professor of LawJohn DeWitt Gregory, B.A., J.D., Sidney and Walter Siben Distinguished Professor of Family LawJoanna L. Grossman, B.A., J.D. Professor of LawFrank Gulino, B.A., J.D., Associate Professor of Legal WritingJennifer A. Gundlach, B.A., J.D., Senior Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Experiential Education
and Clinical Professor of LawMichael Haber, B.A., M.A., J.D., Visiting Assistant Clinical Professor of LawMarc L. Hamroff, Special Professor of LawRobert Harper, Special Professor of LawGrant M. Hayden, B.A., J.D., M.A., Professor of Law and John DeWitt Gregory Research ScholarCarol Casazza Herman, B.A. J.D., Visiting Practitioner-in-Residence in Environmental Law and Special
Professor of LawJames Edward Hickey, Jr., B.S., J.D., Ph.D., Professor of LawThe Honorable Richard Horowitz, Special Professor of LawJohn Hogan, Special Professor of LawBernard E. Jacob, B.A., J.D., Ph.D., Distinguished Professor Emeritus of LawMichael D. Jaffe, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawAlan Jakimo, B.A., M.B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawSusan H. Joffe, B.A., M.A., J.D., Associate Professor of Legal WritingGary Kalbaugh, BCL, LL.M., Special Professor of LawKara Kaplan, Special Professor of Law
Elena Karabatos, Special Professor of LawDavid A. Kaufman, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawLawrence Kessler, B.A., J.D., Richard J. Cardali Distinguished Professor of Trial AdvocacyAvi Z. Kestenbaum, B.S., J.D., LL.M., Special Professor of LawBrian Klein, Special Professor of LawFred Klein, B.A., J.D., Visiting Assistant Professor of LawSpencer Klein, Special Professor of LawThe Honorable Gary F. Knobel, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Special Professor of LawAbe Krieger, Special Professor of LawStefan Krieger, B.A., J.D., Professor of Law, Director of Center for Applied Legal Reasoning and Director
Emeritus of Hofstra Clinical ProgramsJulian Ku, B.A., J.D., Professor of Law and Faculty Director of International ProgramsKatrina Fischer Kuh, B.A., J.D., Associate Professor of LawLawrence Kurland, Special Professor of LawEric Lane, B.A., M.A., J.D., LL.M., Dean and Eric J. Schmertz Distinguished Professor of Public Law and
Public ServiceAnibal Rosario Lebron, J.D., LL.M., Visiting Assistant Professor of Legal WritingRichard G. Leland, B.S., J.D., Special Professor of LawTheo Liebmann, B.A., J.D., Clinical Professor of Law and Director of Clinical ProgramsBarry Lites, Special Professor of LawKim Luckey, Special Professor of LawBarbara A. Lukeman, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawAndrew H. Lupu, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawMalachy T. Mahon, B.A., J.D., Founding Dean EmeritusLewis R, Mandel, A.B., J.D., LL.M., Special Professor of LawIrina D. Manta, B.A., J.D., Associate Professor of LawSerge Martinez, B.A., J.D., Clinical Professor of LawThe Honorable Edward W. McCarty III, B.S., J.D., Special Professor of LawGerald McCloskey, Special Professor of LawKevin McElroy, B.A., J.D., Assistant Professor of Legal WritingCVvTvslop\\er T. McGralh, Special Professor of LawGerard Messina, Special Professor of LawJanis Meyer, Special Professor of LawRichard K. Neumann, Jr., B.A., Dipl., J.D., LL.M., Professor of LawChristopher Nicolino, Special Professor of LawAndrew Oringer, J.D., M.B.A., A.B., Special Professor of LawAshira Ostrow, B.A., J.D., Associate Professor of LawMark Padin, B.A., M.S., J.D., Associate Professor of Academic SupportPeter Parcher, Special Professor of LawCurtis Pew, B.A., M.P.P.A., J.D., Visiting Clinical Professor of LawDamian Pieper, Special Professor of LawJohn Pieper, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Special Professor of LawTroy Pieper, Special Professor of LawJack M. Platt, Esq., B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawNeal R. Platt, B.S., J.D., L.L.M., Special Professor of LawRona L. Platt, B.S., J.D., Special Professor of LawSeth A. Presser, J.D., Special Professor of LawAndrew Reiss, Special Professor of LawAlan N. Resnick, B.S., J.D., LL.M., Benjamin Weintraub Distinguished Professor of Bankruptcy LawArianne Reyser, Special Professor of LawJoseph Richetti, Special Professor of LawJohn L. Rivkin, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawAnibal Rosario Lebron, J.D., LL.M., Visiting Assistant Professor of Legal WritingJared Rosenblatt, Special Professor of LawPaul Rubell, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawBen B. Rubinowitz, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawJames Sample, B.A., J.D., Associate Professor of LawAndrew Schepard, B.A., M.A., J.D., Professor of Law and Director of the Center for Children, Families
and the LawRobert Schwenkel, Special Professor of LawCourtney Selby, B.A., J.D., M.L.I.S., Associate Dean for Information Services, Director of the Law Library
& Associate Professor of LawRita Sethi, Special Professor of LawGrant Shehigian, Special Professor of LawGregory H. Shill, B.A., M.A., J.D., Visiting Assistant Professor of LawNorman I. Silber, B.A., M.A., Ph.D., J.D., Professor of LawJeffrey Silberfeld, B.A., J.D., Visiting Assistant Professor of LawRonald H. Silverman, B.A., J.D., Distinguished Professor Emeritus of LawRoy D. Simon, B.A., J.D., Distinguished Professor of Emeritus of LawWilliam M. Skehan, B.A., M.B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawDavid Smith, Special Professor of LawJudd Sneirson, B.A., J.D., Visiting Associate Professor of LawLisa Spar, B.A., J.D., M.S., Special Professor of LawBarbara Stark, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Professor of Law and Hofstra Research Fellow, Associate Dean for
Intellectual Life
Amy R. Stein, B.A., J.D., Professor of Legal Writing, Assistant Dean for Adjunct Instruction, andCoordinator of the Legal Writing Program
Michael Steinberg, Special Professor of LawJacob L. Stevens, B.A., J.D., Visiting Associate Clinical Professor of LawDaniel M. Sullivan, B.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawMichael Vecchione, Special Professor of LawRobert Wagner, Visiting Assistant Professor of LawVern R. Walker, B.A., M.A., Ph.D., J.D., Professor of Law and Director of the Research Laboratory for
Law, Logic and TechnologyBennett J. Wasserman, B.A., M.A., J.D., Special Professor of LawStephen Weiner, B.A., J.D.. Special Professor of LawJoel Weintraub, A.B., M.D., J.D., Special Professor of LawKaren Weiss, Visiting Assistant Professor of Legal WritingCarolyn Reinach Wolf, B.A., M.B.A., M.S., J.D., Special Professor of LawLauris Wren, B.A., J.D., Clinical Professor of Law and Director for the LGBT FellowshipPatrick Young, Special Professor of Law
HOFSTRA LABOR & EMPLOYMENTLAW JOURNAL
VOLUME 30, No. 1 FALL 2012
ARTICLES
NORTH AMERICAN BORDER WARS:THE ROLE OF CANADIAN AND AMERICANSCHOLARSHIP IN U.S. LABOR LAWREFORM DEBATES Michael J. Zimmer 1
Susan Bisom-Rapp
THE LABOR LAW JURISPRUDENCE OFWILMA LIEBMAN David L. Gregory 27
Ian HayesAmanda Jaret
BEYOND THE WATER COOLER:SPEECH AND THE WORKPLACEIN AN ERA OF SOCIAL MEDIA Ann C. McGinley 75
Ryan P. McGinley-Stempel
PRACTITIONERS' NOTES
LACTATION BREAKS IN THE WORKPLACE:WHAT EMPLOYERS NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THENURSING MOTHERS AMENDMENT TO THE FLSA... Sarah Andrews 121
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION FOR LGBTAPPLICANTS & EMPLOYEES:A PROPOSED REGULATORY SCHEME Ryan H. Nelson 179
NOTES
THE FIRST PRONG'S EFFECT ON THE DOCKET:How THE SECOND CIRCUIT SHOULDMODIFY THE MCDONNELL DOUGLASFRAMEWORK IN TITLE VII REVERSEDISCRIMINATION CLAIMS Ryan Mainhardt 219
William Volet
DRAWING A LINE IN THE SHIFTING SAND OFSOCIAL MEDIA: ATTEMPTING TO PREVENTTEACHERS FROM "LIKING" A STUDENTOUTSIDE THE CLASSROOM James R. Baez 263
Kerri E. Caulfield
