Gregor MendelGregor MendelThe Father of GeneticsThe Father of Genetics

Chapter 5 Section 1Chapter 5 Section 1

Gregor Mendel was:Gregor Mendel was:

a a ______________________________

a science and math a science and math teacher teacher

______________________ of why of why some pea plants had some pea plants had different physical different physical characteristics characteristics _________). Why _________). Why they looked different?they looked different?

What did he observe?What did he observe?

He observed that the He observed that the pea plants' pea plants' ______________________ were were often similar to those often similar to those of their parents, of their parents, sometimes they were sometimes they were different. different.

The passing of traits The passing of traits from parent to offspring from parent to offspring

is called is called ______________________________________..

Mendel formed Mendel formed the foundation of the foundation of __________________________,, the scientific the scientific study of heredity.study of heredity.

What he did…..What he did…..

He used pea plants because He used pea plants because they have they have many many ________________________ that exist in only that exist in only ______________________ formsforms.. (tall/short, green (tall/short, green seed/yellow seed) and seed/yellow seed) and they were they were _______ _______ ____________________________

He decided to He decided to cross plants with cross plants with ______________ forms of a ______________________ forms of a ________, for , for example, example, talltall plants and plants and shortshort plants. plants.

He started with He started with ________________________________ (always produces offspring with the same (always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent)form of a trait as the parent)

By using purebreds he knew that the By using purebreds he knew that the offspring's traits would always be offspring's traits would always be

__________________________ to that of the parents.to that of the parents.

First Experiment (P generation)First Experiment (P generation)

Crossed Crossed purebred purebred ________ plants with plants with purebred purebred ______________plantsplants. He called it the . He called it the _________ generation_________ generation or P generation. or P generation.

He called the offspring from this cross the He called the offspring from this cross the first first ________generation (F1)________generation (F1) filial filial meaning “meaning “son ofson of”.”.

In the F1 generation In the F1 generation all the plants were all the plants were ____l____l.. The shortness trait had The shortness trait had disappeareddisappeared. .

Next experimentNext experiment

He allowed the F1 plants to He allowed the F1 plants to self pollinateself pollinate

In the In the __ __ ______ _________ __ ______ _______there was a there was a mix of mix of tall tall and and shortshort plants. plants.

This occurred even though the This occurred even though the parentsparents were all tall. were all tall.

He found that ¾ of the plants were tall and He found that ¾ of the plants were tall and ¼ of the plants were short. ¼ of the plants were short.

He concluded that:He concluded that:

____________ factors____________ factors must control the must control the inheritance of traits in peas. inheritance of traits in peas.

They exist in They exist in ________ and the and the ________________ parentparent contributes one factor while the contributes one factor while the ________________ parent parent contributes the other. contributes the other.

Today we call those Today we call those factors that control factors that control traits traits ______________________..

They call They call the the different forms of different forms of gene gene __________________

Although his work Although his work was not recognized was not recognized until much until much laterlater, , Mendel is known as Mendel is known as the the __________________________________________________________________

for his experiments for his experiments and papers about his and papers about his pea plants.pea plants.

To Review…..To Review…..

Your Assignment:Your Assignment:

Write a paragraph summarizing what you Write a paragraph summarizing what you learned about how Gregor Mendel learned about how Gregor Mendel became to be known as the “father of became to be known as the “father of genetics”.genetics”.