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Presented by
Bud Bertino
My Background
• Taught science 43 years
• Coordinated a G/T and other after school programs for grades 6-12
• Conducted mini-courses Grades 2-8
• Supervisor - student teachers U-Albany
• Author of high school forensics text
• Author ‘Cookie Jar Mystery’ kit (Grades 5-8)
My Goals Today
• To stimulate your thoughts on how YOU might use forensics in your classroom
• To bring fun and develop skills and in-depth learning experiences to your students.
Why choose Forensics?
• Teacher background
varies
• Variety of activities
• Creating a scenario
Solving a ‘crime’
• Hands-on techniques
Group cooperation
• Wrap-up and Q & A
Why is Forensics Successful?
• True interdisciplinary learning
• Introduces career possibilities
• Encourages team (co-operative) learning
• Teaches the tools of MST
and stimulates Reading
(Patti’s handout)
• Relevant to the real world
• Everyone loves a mystery!
Some successful forensic
applications from my past
• My AP Bio classes – analyzed crime scenes after THE BIG TEST, 4 weeks of work & presentations – everyone was BUSY, high interest, low pressure, offered a prize
• My Community College Biology Classes (FLCC, 15 years) and high school Biology classes analyzed hair and fibers, took measurements instead of the letter ‘e’ nonsense
• My G/T groups (grades 9-12) worked on cases
• My pull-out G/T students (grades 2-5) studied water pollution (wildlife forensics), insect life cycles, using a hand held mini-microscope to
Solve mysteries
• Great opportunity to focus on single theme
• Encourages teamwork – each group collaborates to get results
• Reinforces standards taught during the day
• Each session begins by discovering new evidence and getting one step closer to solving the mystery!
Advantages What is needed?
• Plan a scenario that engages students
• Keep it simple
• Collect materials
• Room to operate
• Minimal cost
• Stage a crime scene area
Creating a Scenario
• Work backwards
• Identify types of evidence hair, fiber, etc.
• Number of suspects
• Identify the crime
• Map out steps of investigation
Sources of Materials
• Case Studies - news
• TV Series – too gruesome
often ridiculous
• Write your own non-violent
• Patti’s summary handout
(like our pollen materials)
Locard’s Exchange Principle(Your evidence mini-course)
"at any given crime
scene, a perpetrator will leave something at the scene, and will
take something from the scene, when he
(or she) leaves the scene"
Steps of Investigation
• Observational skills – use pictures, film clips & prepared questions to hone skills
• Locard’s Principle - evidence collection
• Analysis of evidence, class or unique
• Putting it all together to solve the crime
Top Areas of Investigations
• Hair, fiber and pollen(trace evidence)
• Blood –typing & crime scene analysis of blood spatter
• Tool marks
• Chromatography
(pens & ink)
More Topics
• Impressions (dental, tire, foot)
• DNA analysis
• Entomology
• Fingerprinting
• Time of Death:
- rigor mortis
- decomposition
Whorl
Arch
Loop
Wildlife & Environmental Studies
New York City (scenarios)
• Heavy metals (paint) Chemistry
• Central Park Crimes Biology
• Water & Air pollution Chem & Bio
• Hit and run (property damage) Physics
• Ransom demands Chem & Physics
• Water pollution Bio & Chem
Hair Analysis
Descriptive with a mathematical component (medullary index) or simply a visual match
Weave patterns & fiber analysis
Descriptive (weave pattern) with a mathematical component (threads per inch)
Chromatography
• Place your strips of chromatography paper in the solvent as directed
• Wait 10 minutes
• Remove & examine
• OR
• Lipstick analysis
Which pen was used to write the ransom note?
Tool Marks
Descriptive (visual) with a mathematical component
Impressions
Measurement of foot size and stride length
Dental Impressions
Styrofoam square
Pollen Evidence
Descriptive with a mathematical component
Pollen Collection
Flower dissection
Comparison of parts
Examination of pollen
DNA Analysis(using food coloring)
Descriptive with a mathematical
component (Rf calculation)
Probability of a Match? Physics-related Topics
• Ballistics-the physics and math of projectiles
• Glass analysis - index of refraction, shatter patterns
• Dental Impressions
measurement of bridge angles
• Soil or Sand Analysis includes
Magnified sand
Sand Analysis
Bermuda Maine
Salt Lake City
Myrtle Beach
Soil Analysis• Plant matter
• Animal matter
• Soil type
• Density columns
• Composition analysis
Skid marks & speed calculations Drug Analysis
Balloon Thumbprint Fingerprint Pattern Types Fingerprint Pattern Types Fingerprint Pattern Types Fingerprint Pattern Types Fingerprint Pattern Types Fingerprint Pattern Types Fingerprint Pattern Types Fingerprint Pattern Types L(oops) A(rches) W(horls)
Whorl Patterns• Whorls occur in 25% of fingerprint patterns
PLAIN CENTRAL POCKET
Two deltas
Fingerprint Patterns• F.B.I recognizes eight basic
patterns
• Ten basic details within the
patterns (minutiae)
• 12 identical points were
necessary for a match
Minutiae patterns
Ridge Minutiae MinutiaeMinutiae
Ending ridgesEnding ridges
BifurcationsBifurcations
DotsDots
IslandsIslands
Identify Minutiae patterns
Students work at prepared stations near crime scene
Crime Scene Development
• Create a scenario – check newspapers, magazines
• What ‘clues’ will you leave? o Footprints, tire impressions o Fingerprints o Hair, fibers, pollen o Teeth impressions o DNA analysis o Sand or soil trace
• Find an area to set up the scene – a room , closet, etc.,
• Set up a ‘lab’ area for investigators
• Assign teams of CSI investigators all with assigned jobs
I often paired students of varying abilities.
• Stress techniques of evidence collection
• Plan sufficient time and materials for your students Blocks of 35-45 minutes works well (with 10 minutes clean-up)
• Plan a uniform crime scene which ultimately leads to focusing on the most likely scenario
• Alternative – a kit
Budget costs• Many materials can be obtained
free from various sources – within your science department, Internet, local police departments, etc.
• Visit www.BertinoForensics.comfor free activities and information about our summer program and textbook
Over 90 Activities
A full year course!
High School
Text
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Special emphasislab set-ups and organizationcost reduction optionsmeeting the needs of heterogeneous students
Three sessions: (Same material presented each session)
Title: Bertino Forensic Science InstituteDates: Session 1 June 27- 30 (Monday-Thursday)
Session 2 July 5-8 (Tuesday-Friday)Session 3 July 11-14 (Monday-Thursday)
Location: Scotia-Glenville High School, Scotia, NY 12302 (near Albany)Cost: $ 475 Includes textbook, binder and materials, lab costs,
Sherlock Bones CD-rom, CD-rom of collected materials
For more information, visit http://www.bertinoforensics.com
Flowers, Forensics and PollenForensic Science:
Fundamental & Investigations
Bud Bertino and
Patricia Nolan Bertino
BertinoForensics.com
Join us @ 11:30 for a session
Thanks for coming!
This .ppt will be found at www.BertinoForensics.com
Questions??