GP1 Final Report Template Ss09.10

7/29/2019 GP1 Final Report Template Ss09.10

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United Arab Emirates University

College ofEngineering

Urea Production Plant Design

Graduation Project I Course

Graduation Project Code: XXXX(e.g. CEM1-1)

Submitted for Partial Fulfillment of the

B.Sc. Degree in Chemical EngineeringBy

Student 1 Name Student 1 IDStudent 2 Name Student 2 IDStudent 3 Name Student 3 ID

Project Advisor(s): Name of Advisor

Examination Committee:

Examiner 1 Name

Examiner 2 Name

Examiner 3 Name

Second Semester 2009/2010


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UAE University

College of Engineering

Industrial Training and Graduation Projects Unit

Contribution of Team Members*

Project Title-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Semester / Academic Year----------------------------------- Date -----------------

Tasks

Student #1 Student #2 Student #3 Student #4 Student #5

Student

signature

1. Example 20% 30% 10% 0 40%

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

* The total percentage for each task should be 100.

Project Advisor Name and Signature: _______________________________________________________________

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Acknowledgments

(Example [1])

We would like to express our deepest gratitude and appreciation to our project

advisor Dr. Eesa Bastaki for his guidance, continuous encouragement and

support to complete this work. Also, we would like to thank Dr. Mohamed Abdul-

Hafez, Dr. Khalifa Harib and Dr. Mohammed Younis Selim for serving as members

of our final examination committee. Our thanks go also to the Training and

Graduation Projects Unit, represented by the administration staff and our project

coordinator Dr. Mohamed Shakeel for his helpful comments, guidance and

suggestions. Finally, we wish to express our appreciation to our family members

for their unlimited help and support during our study.

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Executive Summary

Executive Summary is a summary of the project presented by the student. It,

briefly, explains the objective of the project and its results. This sample

document is a complete example of the way and method of writing graduation

projects. (300 words maximum). The entire report, excluding appendices, should

not exceed 60 pages. All material used from other sources must be included in

the References section and all sources should be cross-referenced in the main

text. A text that is an exact copy of information taken from another source

should be enclosed in a pair of double quotes. Regardless of whether a text is an

exact copy or not, you must cross-reference the source at the end of the

paragraph that includes the text. Page 2 of this document contains an example

of cross-referencing [1].

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY MATERIAL Cover Page

Contribution of Team Members

Acknowledgements

Executive Summary

Table of Contents

List of Tables

List of Figures

Nomenclature

The following chapter titles and subheadings are provided as a template which you

should base your report on. Where relevant, you should stick to the same format and

wording below. Some flexibility will be accepted as long as the project report requires

this modification to better communicate your work. However, similar content will be

expected and the grading rubric will remain unchanged*. Please make sure you read

the files "GP contents guidelines.doc"[2] and "GP report format.doc"[3]

1. INTRODUCTION

Should include:

Problem Statement and Purpose

Project and Design Objectives

Intended Outcomes and Deliverables

Summary of Design Process used (NOT required for CHME & PETE)

Summary of Report Structure

2. BACKGROUND LITERATURE AND MARKET SURVEY

Should include (for CEE, MAYinclude)

Relevant Literature Search

Target Market and their needs (NOT required for CHME & PETE)

Prioritized Needs / Requirements

Potential Ethical and/or Environmental Issues

*prepared by: Dr. Tamer Shaheen and modified/revised by ADHOC committee represented by members from alldepartments.

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Intended application to UAE (Required for CHME & PETE ONLY)

3. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN (for AE, CE, EE & ME ONLY)

Should include (for CEE, May include):

Problem Review

Design Specifications

Generation of Conceptual Alternatives

Selected Alternatives and Reasoning

Formal Decision-Making Process and Final Concept Selection

Discussion and Perceived problems

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3. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN (for PETE ONLY)

Should include:

Problem Review

Possible alternatives and their advantages/disadvantages

Generation of Conceptual Alternatives

Selected Alternatives and Reasoning

Formal Decision Making Process


3. PROCESS SELECTION (for CHME ONLY)

Should include:

Problem Review

Possible alternatives and their advantages/disadvantages

Process selection

Flowsheet preparation

Required information from literature


4. PRELIMINARY DESIGN

Area-Specific Preliminary Design. Chapter should include the following where

relevant:

Schematics and flow sheets defining the preliminary design and its

relationships

Mass, momentum, force, energy, species, particle, current, etc. balances

(Relevant Standards. e.g. ASTM, IEEE, etc)

Other relevant engineering application(s) required for the preliminary design

Safety Considerations (NOT required for CHME & PETE)

Use of software packages for design (Required for CHME & PETE ONLY)

5. ECONOMICAL, ETHIC, AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES (for AE, CE, EE & ME ONLY)

Preliminary Cost Estimation and Justification

Relevant Codes of Ethics and Moral Frameworks

Relevant Environmental Considerations

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Relevance to UAE and Region (Social, Cultural, and Political)

Other Issues and Constraints (where relevant)

Ethical Dilemmas and Justification of Proposed Solution

5. SAFETY, ECONOMICAL, ETHIC, AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES (for CHME ONLY)


Ethical Dilemmas and Justification of Proposed Solution


Safety and HAZOP Considerations

5. SAFETY, ECONOMICAL, ETHIC, AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES (for PETE ONLY)



Safety and Economical Considerations

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6. PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Tasks and Schedule

Problems faced and solutions

Resources

Each Students Responsibilities

7. CONCLUSION AND PLAN FOR GP2

Restatement of Purpose of Report and Objectives

Restatement of Proposed Deliverables

Summary of how each O bjective and Deliverable has been met

Summary of Final Design Solution

New skills learnt

Plan for GP2

REFERENCES

[1] Dr. Eesa Bastaki & Dr. Abdulla Al-Amiri, "GP_Final Report Kit" V2.0. 2003

[2] Dr. Nabil Bastaki, "GP Content Guidelines" V1.1 Feb. 2010.

[3] Eng. Hanan Al-Harmoudi, "GP Report Format.doc" V1.0 March 2010.

APPENDICES

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List of Tables

(Example [1])

Table Page

Table 1.1 Shampoo chemical analysis 5

Table 1.2 Water samples analysis of EMARAT petrol filling station 9

Table 1.3 Water samples analysis of EPPCO petrol filling station 2

Table 1.4 Summary of water samples results. 24

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List of Figures

(Example [1])

Figure Page

Fig. 2.1 Schematic drawing of water recycling system for a car wash 12

Fig. 2.2 Used Water Recycling System for a car wash at EMARAT 17

Fig. 2.3 Suspended solids removal versus overflow rate 40

Fig. 3.1 Sedimentation tank dimensions 45

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Nomenclature

(Example [1])

fluid dynamic viscosity, m2/s

Z height from datum to liquid overflow, m

dimensionless cost constant

e purchased equipment cost, $

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1. INTRODUCTION

Urea is anorganic compound with the chemical formulaCO(NH2)2, also known as

carbamide. Urea is essentially the waste produced when the body metabolizes protein. It is

not only produced by humans, but also by many other mammals, as well as amphibians and

some fish.

history

Urea widely used in the agriculture sector both as a fertilizer and animal feed additive.

Fertilizer is generally defined as "material that is added to the soil to supply one or more

elements required for plant growth and productiveness as well as animal feed additive"[1].

The main role of fertilizers is supply the essential nutrients required for the plant growth.

On the world basis , urea is the most popular solid nitrogen fertilizer because of its high

nitrogen concentration , equal to 46 % which is highest concentration dry nitrogen fertilizer

available and for it's favorable production cost[2]. It is used in solid fertilizer, liquid

fertilizer, formaldehyde resins and adhesives.

Urea is the major fertilizer traded internationally. In the dry fertilizer category, urea has

captured more than 65% of world trade and it use grow rapidly more than other materials .

In 2000, a total of 55 countries produced 107.4 M.t. of urea . Most of the biggest producers

are located in the highly populous rice growing areas in Asia or where natural gas is readily

available.For the last decade, the greatest growth took place in China in which nearly20

M.t, while the rest of Asia produced about 11 M.t . The Middle East region together with

Latin America are planning to accelerate their production over the next 5 years while West

Europe is the only region that is cutting back on capacities [3].

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizer.

[2] http://www.ehow.com/about_5380766_urea-fertilizer.html

[3] Global Supply and Demand for Urea, K.G. Soh, International Fertilizer

Industry Association , Paris

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compoundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compoundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compound


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In Table() shows the urea production capacities at different companies .

Company Name Technology Used Annual production capacity

SAFCO(Saudi ArabianFertilizer Company )

Over 2.6 million ton of urea

QAFCO (Qatar Fertilizer

Company )

3 Million tons of urea

(OMIFCO) Oman India

Fertilizer Company SAOC

Snamprogetti

Technology

9 Million tons of urea

(FERTIL) 8.4 Million tons of urea

SAFCO(Saudi Arabian Fertilizer Company,) is one of the largest producer of urea in the

world. Our annual production capacity is over 2.6 million ton of urea. Around 13% of total

urea production is consumed in the local market and remaining 87% is exported to the

International market

QAFCO (Qatar Fertilizer Company) operates 4 trains of Anhydrous ammonia as liquid and 4

trains of urea , with a total production capacity of 2.2 million \

NOT DONE

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1.2 PROPERTIES OF UREA

1.2.1 Physical properties

Urea appears to be a light brown or light yellow, odorless and hygroscopic solid. It is non-

corrosive. The smell of urea is almost non-existent [4].

1.2.2 Chemical properties

Some of Chemical properties of Urea that are interest for fertilizer use are shown in Table 2

[5] :

Table 2: Chemical Properties of urea

Molecular weight 60.06

Nitrogen content,% 46.6

Specific gravity 1.335

Melting poi.nt ,c 132.7

Flash Point ,c 72.7 22.6 (3)

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Solubility in water parts per 100 parts ofwater by weight at

0 66.7

20 108.0

40 167.0

60 251.0

80 400.0

100 733.0

Critical relative humidity at

20 81%

30 73%

Specific heat 20 C, cal/g C 0.320

Heat of Solution in water (endothermic )cal/g

0.320

-57.8

PH 7.2 (10 % aqueous solution )

The specific heat capacity of urea at different temperate is shown in Table (3)[5].

Table 3: Specific heat capacity of urea

Temperature, Specific heat, kj/kg

0 1.398

50 1.66

100 1.89

150 2.11

1.2.3 Stability and reactivity

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Urea is stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage. When urea reacts with calcium

hypochlorite or sodium hypochlorite it form the explosive nitrogen trichloride. Urea is

incompatible with several compounds such as sodium nitrite, gallium perchlorate, strong

oxidizing agents (permanganate, dichromate, nitrate, chlorine), phosphorus pentachloride,

nitrosyl perchlorate, titanium tetrachloride and chromyl chloride [6] .

[5] http://www.epa.gov/iris/toxreviews/1022tr.pdf

[6]http://www.hvchemical.com/msds/urea.htm

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GP1 Final Report Template Ss09.10