Global Warming 3953

8/2/2019 Global Warming 3953

1/35

GLOBALWARMING


2/35

Global Warming an average increase in the

temperature of theatmosphere near the Earths

surface and in thetroposphere1, which cancontribute to changes in

global climate patterns


3/35

Causes Burning of fossil fuels (Coal/Crude oil)

Power plants generate electricity

Transportation-----fuels for transports (E.g. LPG,kerosene, fuel oil)

Industrial processes (E.g. manufacture of

cement, steel, aluminium)


4/35


5/35

Example : Using natural gas to cook

CH4 + 2O2CO2+ 2H2O


6/35

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Some infrared radiation is trapped

Greenhouse effect

Serious greenhouse effect

Global Warming


7/35

How serious the problem is?...


8/35

Increase in greenhouse gases

Concentration of greenhouse gases inthe atmosphere is highly increasing by

human activities

Leads to the increasing seriousness of global

warming


9/35


10/35

Global surface temperatures increased about 0.6C/century since the

late19th century

increased to 2C/century over the past25 years


11/35

Increase in Global temperatures


12/35

Temperature difference between differentparts of atmosphere troposphere temperatures (the lowest 8

kilometers of the Earth's atmosphere)collected since 1979 also indicate warming

Cooling effect in higher parts of the

atmosphere: stratospheric temperatureshave been decreasing


13/35


14/35


15/35

NOT globally uniform warming Warming parts:

North America

Eurasia

Cooling parts:

parts of the southeastern U.S.


16/35


17/35

Increasing temperature extremes Regions that have temperatures (1-3C)

warmer than the average:

United States Most of the Europe

Regions that have temperatures (1-3C)

cooler than the average:Australia


18/35

Regional Temperatures


19/35

Sea level rising rising at an average rate of 1 - 2

mm/year over the past 100 years


20/35

Environmental and Human

Effects


21/35


22/35

Direct Temperature EffectsIncrease in average temperature

More extreme heat waves during thesummer; Less extreme cold spells during

the winter

Harmful to those with heart problems,asthma, the elderly, the very young and

the homeless


23/35

Extreme Events Extreme Events:

Heat waves; Cold waves; Storms; Floods andDroughts

Global warming

An increase in the frequency of extreme events

More event-related deaths, injuries, infectiousdiseases, and stress-related disorders


24/35

Climate-sensitive diseases

Increase the risk of some infectious diseases [particularly that appear in warm areas; are

spread by mosquitoes and other insects]

E.g. Malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever,

encephalitis

Algal blooms occur more frequently astemperatures warm (particularly in areas withpolluted waters)

Diseases (e.g. cholera) accompanying algal blooms

become more frequent


25/35

Air QualityAn increase in the concentration of

ground-level ozone

Damage lung tissue

Harmful for those with asthma andother chronic lung diseases


26/35

Food supply

Rising temperatures and variable

precipitation

Decrease the production of staple foods in

many of the poorest regions

Increasing risks of malnutrition


27/35

Population displacementRising sea levels

Increase the risk of coastal flooding

(Necessitate population displacement)

More than halfof the world's population now liveswithin 60km of the sea.

Most vulnerable regions: Nile delta in Egypt, the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta in Bangladesh, many small islands,

such as the Maldives, the Marshall Islands and Tuvalu.


28/35

UV Exposure (Australia)

Skin Cancer

an abnormal growth of skin tissues.

Premature aging

make the skin thick, wrinkled, and leathery

Cataracts

No longer have transparent lenses in their eyes


29/35

UV Exposure (Australia) Other Eye Damages

Skin cancer around the eyes

Degeneration of the yellow spot

Suppression of Immunity

Overexposure to UV radiation suppress proper

functioning of the body's immune system and naturaldefenses of skin

UV-B radiation weakens the immune system increases the chance of infection and disease


30/35

Measures on controlling the problem

Government

* set some laws to limit the amount ofpollutants produced by factories

* develop the skills of using

renewable fuels, e.g. solar energy,wind energy


31/35

* encourage the factories to replace fossilfuels by renewable fuels, which would notcause environmental pollution

* carry out energy saving schemereducethe pollution produced by burning fossil fuels

* build more plants reduce the pollutants e.g.CO2

Measures on controlling the problem


32/35

Measures on controlling the problem Citizens

*reduce the use of plastic bags as burningplastic emit CH4

* recycle the resources, e.g. plastic

* reduce the use of sprays as CFCs wouldbe emitted out


33/35

Measures on controlling the problem* reduce the use of air-conditioner, which will

emit CFCs

* use public transportation instead of private cars reduce the pollutants emitted by cars


34/35

Sources

http://www.who.int/globalchange/climate/en/

http://resources.emb.gov.hk/envir-

ed/text/globalissue/e_m2_2_6.htm http://epa.gov/climatechange/effects/index.html

http://www.tchps.edu.hk/greenweb/greenMaindGMsg5.htm

http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalwarming.html
http://www.who.int/globalchange/climate/en/http://resources.emb.gov.hk/envir-ed/text/globalissue/e_m2_2_6.htmhttp://resources.emb.gov.hk/envir-ed/text/globalissue/e_m2_2_6.htmhttp://epa.gov/climatechange/effects/index.htmlhttp://www.tchps.edu.hk/greenweb/greenMaindGMsg5.htmhttp://www.tchps.edu.hk/greenweb/greenMaindGMsg5.htmhttp://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalwarming.htmlhttp://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalwarming.htmlhttp://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalwarming.htmlhttp://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalwarming.htmlhttp://www.tchps.edu.hk/greenweb/greenMaindGMsg5.htmhttp://www.tchps.edu.hk/greenweb/greenMaindGMsg5.htmhttp://epa.gov/climatechange/effects/index.htmlhttp://resources.emb.gov.hk/envir-ed/text/globalissue/e_m2_2_6.htmhttp://resources.emb.gov.hk/envir-ed/text/globalissue/e_m2_2_6.htmhttp://resources.emb.gov.hk/envir-ed/text/globalissue/e_m2_2_6.htmhttp://www.who.int/globalchange/climate/en/


35/35

THEEND

Documents

Global Warming 3953