GINA – GNSS FOR INNOVATIVE ROAD APPLICATIONS: GNSS for INnovative road Applications GINA Project Outcomes 28/06/2011

GINA – GNSS FOR INNOVATIVE ROAD APPLICATIONS:

GNSS for INnovative road Applications

GINA Project Outcomes

28/06/2011

GINA PROJECT INFORMATION

GINA – GNSS FOR INNOVATIVE ROAD APPLICATIONS

X Congreso ITS España, Madrid

Company’s

logo28/06/2011 Page 3GINA D1.5 PROJECT OUTCOMES

PROJECT DATA GINA: EC funded project through FP7 call 1, coordinated by GSA authorities

GINA: R&D project in the GALILEO applications area building up on the results from previous projects such as ADVANTIS, GIROADS, etc…

GINA key points:

Collaborative Project

2 years length

2.2 M€ (~1.3 M€ funded)

12 partners from 7 EU countries

GINA project main goals:

Context and market Analysis RUC application demonstrator at nationwide scale Disemmination efforts contributing to

GNSS introduction in the electronic payment for infrastructure use

It is intended as another step to bring forward the real use of GNSS systems and EGNOS/GALILEO in the ITS road domain applications.

Methods, definitions and results achieved could lead closer to mass market introduction of these applications in the road domain.


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GINA PROJECT STRUCTURE

28/06/2011 Page 4GINA D1.5 Project Outcomes

WP1 – Management & Quality Overall project management and support to FP7 coordination Partners coordination and milestones monitoring

WP2 – Analysis of applications & services Current state of the art road pricing technology analysis, user requirements, standards and regulatory

framework System architecture definition Preliminary market business plan and feasibility

WP3 – Trials Trials definition, planning & prototype development and customization Trials execution Trials results evaluation & analysis

WP4 – Conclusión and disemination activities Business & exploitation plan Dissemination of project results (paper, events, congress, articles, etc…)


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BACKGROUND

Current Status:

Road User Charging applications both for interurban roads or urban charging areas are a reality in several different places

It is expected that these kind of schemes will spread through all european countries in the short to mid term

GNSS based systems are already a competitor with regard to traditional DSRC systems, like in the case of German TollCollect or future French ECOTAX with great benefits in terms of flexibility and efficiency, and cost saving for big nationwide schemes

GNSS based systems allows the introduction of other Pay Per use applications within the same on board unit used for RUC

Obstacles:

The technical and economical feasibility of a large scale, GNSS-only road pricing system is not yet proven (alternatives versus GNSS are being considered by authorities)

The benefits related to congestion and pollution management are not yet fully understood

The user interest and market potential for Pay-Per-Use and VAS are not yet fully understood

The potential of VAS running on a road pricing platform has not yet been proven as well as the use of the same Onboard Equipment shared for different applications

While having very impressive average accuracy, the GPS system lacks for guaranteed performances what implies a risk for the adoption of this technology. In addition, GPS receivers are strongly affected by reflection of signals especially in urban environments that also provoke large errors that may have direct impact on the charging computation.

GNSS adoption has not yet been fully leveraged in road applications with clear public benefits such as tracking and tracing of dangerous goods, persons in coaches and livestock

The GINA project intends to address these obstacles and bring GNSS road pricing and road VAS a step closer to maturity


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GINA CONCEPT & OBJECTIVES

GINA project main goal is to advance the adoption of GNSS systems, and in particular EGNOS and Galileo, in the road sector considering the technical feasibility of the concept on a large scale, its economic viability and positive impacts in aspects such as congestion and pollution, as a general scope

GINA Project key objectives:

The analysis of the context (legal, regulatory, interoperability, standardization) affecting a nation wide GNSS-based road pricing solution (and VAS running on same platforms)

The thorough market and business potential analysis for the applications (Road pricing + VAS), to base a commercially feasible large scale adoption of the solution

To acquire valuable operational information only accessible thanks to the implementation to the fully operational implementation of a large-scale demonstrator of GNSS-based Road Pricing at national level and VAS. The demonstrator will be fully based on the planned ABvM system being defined by the Dutch Government and carried out in the Netherlands with real users.

To liaise with related standardization activities aiming at contributing to the standardization of GNSS-based road charging

To demonstrate the benefits of EGNOS in enhancing the end-to-end performance in a GNSS road pricing solution and GNSS-based road applications

The GINA project will address a theoretical analysis of the benefits of authentication of GNSS signal against fraud and device tampering, given the importance of both authentication and integrity as the basis on which liability-critical applications

To perform the necessary evaluation to understand service provisioning aspects: how the same technical infrastructure can be shared by different applications


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GNSS BASE INTEGRITY IN ROAD PRICINGUse of Geo-fencing process based on POSITION INTEGRITY to ensure reliability of Road User Charging scheme) key for GINA project architecture (concept introduced for Civil Aviation SoL for which EGNOS is designed)

28/06/2011 Page GINA D1.5 Project Outcomes

1. Computation of position + bounding of position error (with a very high probability ~99.99%)

2. Vehicle charged only when 1 or more PLs (=error boundaries) totally inside the geo-object=> geo-fencing based on PLs (not just on calculated position).

Highly reliable geo-fencing process precluding wrong identifications

Error

GINA PROJECT WPs



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GINA WORK PACKAGES STRUCTURE


GI NA

WP1

Management & Quality GMV

WP1.1

Technical and Programme Management

GMV

WP1.2

Support to FP7 coordination ERF

WP2

Analysis of Applications / Services

SKY

WP2.2

Market and Business: Preliminary business model

and market assessment BCO

WP2.4

Analysis of related specific issues (standardisation, policies, international interoperability etc.)

ICC

WP2.1

Assessment of current situation

(state of tech. & user needs) SKY

WP2.3

Preliminary architecture and technical feasibility

GMV

WP2.1.1 State of technology

SKY

WP2.1.2

End user requirements NW

WP3 Trials GMV

WP4

Conclusions and dissemination activities

ERF

WP4.2

Business and exploitation plan BCO

WP4.1

Dissemination and exploitation ERF

WP3.1.1

Prototype system development and customisation

GMV

WP3.2.1

Trials definition TRL

WP3.1.2

Material purchase management and installations

GMV

WP3.2.2

Trials execution GMV

WP3.2.3

Trials evaluation and reporting

TRL

WP3.1

Trials infrastructure provision GMV

WP3.2

Trials operation TRL


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GINA PROJECT DELIVERABLES


Del. no. Deliverable title version WP no.Natur

eDissemination

level Delivery date

D1.1 Project Management Plan 1.0 WP1 R CO T0+3 weeksD1.2 Progress / activity reports 1.0 WP1 R CO QuarterlyD1.3* Project workshop 1 report 1.0 WP1 R PU T0+12D1.4* Project workshop 2 report 1.0 WP1 R PU T0+24D1.5* Public presentation and report on project outcome 1.0 WP1 R PU T0+24

D1.6 Final Report 1.0 WP1 R CO T0+24D1.7 Handouts of presentations and minutes of

meetings and workshops1.0 WP1 O RE As needed

D1.8 Contract changes, invoices/achievement reports, schedule, meeting plan, problem reports

1.0 WP1 O CO As needed

D2.1 Current state of technology and end-user requirements (for road pricing and other Value Added Services)

1.0 WP2 R PU T0+4

D2.2 Business model and initial commercial feasibility study (including market potential assessment and expected economics)

1.0 WP2 R RE T0+8

D2.3 Preliminary system architecture and initial technical feasibility study

1.0 WP2 R RE T0+8

D2.4 Report on the analysis of specific related issues in the standardisation, policy, interoperability and technical/operational service provisioning panorama

1.0 WP2 R RE T0+8

D3.1 Trials plan 1.0 WP3 R RE T0+8D3.2 System prototype (back office + OBU) 1.0 WP3 P CO T0+12

D3.3 Trials data package, evaluation and results report 1.0 WP3 R PU T0+21

D3.4 Market trial report (including technical and user experience assessment)

1.0 WP3 R PU T0+21

D4.1 Project Dissemination Plan 1.0 WP4 R PU T0+3D4.2 Project Website 1.0 WP4 O PU Updated as needed

D4.3 Project dissemination material 1.0 WP4 O PU As needed

D1.3* Project workshop 1 reports 1.0 WP4 R PU T0+12D1.4* Project workshop 2 reports 1.0 WP4 R PU T0+24D1.5* Presentation and report on project outcome 1.0 WP4 R PU T0+24

D4.4 Business and exploitation plan 1.0 WP4 R RE T0+24

WP1 – WORK & RESULTS



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WP1 INFORMATION


Work package title Management & Quality WP nr 1

Start date/event T0

End date/event T0+24

Activity Type MGT

Participant number 1 2

Participant short name GMV ERF

Effort per participant (expressed in nr of MM) 12 4

Objectives

To coordinate and manage all the project activities including technical and programmatic issues, as well as contractual aspects.

To ensure the achievement of quality thresholds during the execution of the project activities

To provide support to the GSA in FP7 co-ordination (as stated in the description of topic) in close co-ordination with Conclusions and dissemination activities workpackage (WP4)

Inputs

GINA project proposal and Annex 1 to Grant Agreement (Description of work) GINA project Grant Agreement Description of topic GALILEO-2007-1.1-01 Innovative GNSS-based Road Applications Authorization to proceed Planning and schedule as agreed at Grant Agreement Kick Off Applicable documents and definition of deliverables as per proposal and KOM agreements Any applicable CR/CN


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WP1 RESULTS


Overall Management of the project achieved according to deadlines in the Project Management Plan

Minor delays in End2End trials deployment and some documents delivery date Project extension of Three months required due to trials start delay

Coordination tasks within consortium partners achieved during the project

Support to GSA FP7 coordination activities carried out at costumer request GINA documents & deliverables distribution GINA attendance to workshops & events from other FP7 projects GINA information dissemination

Deliverables from the project delivered and finished

Different events & workshops organized succesfully in coordination with WP4

Required meetings, progress reports, deliverables and events carried out succesfully




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WP2 INFORMATION


Work package title Analysis of Applications and Services WP nr 2Start date/event T0End date/event T0+8

Activity Type RTD Participant number 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12Participant short name SKY GMV ERF ICC BC

OTRL NW MF NA

VCEN ARV AEN

Effort per participant (expressed in nr of MM)

7 9 3.5 3.1 3 0.25 4.8 2.25 1.5

6 1 0.95

Objectives

Co-ordination of the activities dealing with the analysis of applications / services from different perspectives (assessment of current situation, market and business issues, preliminary architecture and technical feasibility, related specific issues (e.g. standardisation, interoperability etc.)

Analysis of current situation (including state of technology and end-user requirements) Evaluation and demonstration of the commercial feasibility and the business potential of the concept proposed Preparation of a preliminary business plan to demonstrate the feasibility of the service commercialisation Assessment of the technical feasibility of the proposed concept and design of a preliminary architecture for road pricing + Value Added Services (PAYD

services for ARVAL (car leasing) and traffic information generation, modelling and provision )

Analysis of related specific issues: Standardisation of content and interfaces , Policies (advocating GNSS road pricing towards policymakers) /

regulatory framework, International interoperability aspects, Value added by EGNOS / EDAS, Benefits of authentication of GNSS signal to prevent fraud and device tampering

Inputs

Description of topic GALILEO-2007-1.1-01 Innovative GNSS-based Road Applications Literature on Road Pricing and VAS activities and reference project outcomes (GIROADS, ARMAS, CLoCCS, ABvM…) Market studies on road pricing, VAS (PAYD schemes and traffic information generation, modelling and providing) and business / market-related

outcomes of reference projects and activities (GIROADS, ARMAS…). Of special relevance is the very detailed documentation on system definition and associated costs (development and operation) for the development of ABvM that were developed by major prime contractors under consultancy to the Dutch government,

GINA Part B of proposal / Annex I to the Grant Agreement (DoW) Technical definition of systems on the basis of which the demonstrator will be implemented EU regulations / directives / policy-related analysis for Road Pricing, ETC and VAS Existing European and national standards and standardization activities outcomes related to road pricing and other VAS Most recent outcome of the definition of authentication capabilities of Galileo (e.g. results of GAC (Galileo Advanced Concepts project and others)


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WP2 RESULTS


Tasks Status Observations

Preliminary Business plan feasibility Completed succesfully Inputs from this task were then carried out to WP4 full B&E plan

Road domain standards study Completed succesfully -Main standards from CEN TC 278 and EU analyzed- Results feeded into architecture desing

GALILEO benefits for authentication signal in road domain

Completed succesfully Theoretical analysis carried out in the D2.4

EGNOS/EDAS benefits and implementation study

Completed succesfully -EGNOS introduced into the architecture features- SISNET Implemente rather than EDAS due to EDAS beta status in 2009/10

User Requirements definition Completed succesfully- ARVAL users requirements were introduced as part of the proposed architecture

GINA system architecture definition Completed succesfully All the details relevant to architecture: OBU, back-office, SW & HW produced taking in account previous inputs from users and standards in place

WP2 deliverables draft Completed succesfully All required deliverables submitted in time and approved by costumer


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WP2 GINA SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE


OBU

Accounting

Positional Data Processing

CRM

Billing OBU Management Other service

providers (e.g. PAYD)

Finance PolicyRoads Administration

Security Services

Account Holder

GINA

DSRC

ANPR

Aggregated Data

Specific Data

Toll Service Provider

Compliance Data

Positional Data

Tariff Data

Service Users (RUC and VAS)

Service providers

Toll Charger

Personal Data (by court order)

Aggregated Traffic DataSets Tariffs

Aggregated Traffic Data

Revenues and Accounting data

Location Based VAS

BillsUpdates Customer information

TC (acting as SU)

VAS Service User

Compliance Unit

OBU

Accounting

Positional Data Processing

CRM

Billing OBU Management Other service

providers (e.g. PAYD)

Finance PolicyRoads Administration

Security Services

Account Holder

GINA

DSRC

ANPR

Aggregated Data

Specific Data

Toll Service Provider

Compliance Data

Positional Data

Tariff Data

Service Users (RUC and VAS)

Service providers

Toll Charger

Personal Data (by court order)

Aggregated Traffic DataSets Tariffs

Aggregated Traffic Data

Revenues and Accounting data

Location Based VAS

BillsUpdates Customer information

TC (acting as SU)

VAS Service User

Compliance Unit

GINA Architecture in compliance with current standards from CEN studied by WP2

User requirements added to the preliminary architecture defined

Dutch privacy concerns impended the use of some planned VAS services

Back office tools provided for users, to check invoices, and trips data & VAS services




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WP3 INFORMATION


Work package title Trials WP nr 3Start date/event T0+4End date/event T0+21

Activity Type RTD / DEMParticipant number 1 3 5 7 8 10 11 12Participant short name GMV ICC TRL MF SK

YCEN ARV AE

NEffort per participant (expressed in nr of MM) 29.15 0.5 6 7.5 16 3 3 0.

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Objectives

Definition of trials to test GNSS-based road pricing and VAS (PAYD for car leasing companies and traffic information generation, modelling and provision)

Coordination with Dutch government and ABvM staff to ensure that trials are aligned with the context, requirements and concerns of the ABvM system, as far as this information is available.

Development of a system delivering end-to-end functionality (for Road Pricing and VAS (PAYD for car leasing companies and traffic information generation,

modelling and provision). Development and customisation of prototype system for the provision of services (OBUs, central platform + enforcement systems)

Customisation/ adaptation of platform which will be needed for the collection, analysis of data and reporting of the trials

Customisation / adaptation of the reference system (high performance hybrid navigation system GPS + INS/IMU)

Production of OBUs. Co-ordination of activities for the arrangement of 100 “volunteers” (ARVAL’s (leasing company) customers), appointments for installation, training to the volunteers etc.

Installation of 100 OBUs in demonstration vehicles, Installation of reference system in “reference vehicles” and Installation of enforcement system

Operation and maintenance of platform during trials execution, Trials data collection & Trials data analysis and reporting

Inputs

Description of topic GALILEO-2007-1.1-01 Innovative GNSS-based Road Applications GINA Part B of proposal / Annex I to the Grant Agreement (DoW) WP2 outputs: D2.3 – Preliminary system architecture and initial technical feasibility study


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FOTS GINA DESCRIPTION Real Implementation of demonstrator for EFC+VAS application based in GNSS technologies

Nationwide scope (The Netherlands) Real users driving in real life situations Performance measured against User real requirements (Dutch ABvM scheme) Several different tests and analyses carried out

Technical, operational and market goals analysis in the different features provided by the system

GNSS based EFC/RUC applications performance demonstration Value Added services (VAS) provision running in the same platform that main EFC module GNSS performance for RUC+VAS applications validation Added value provided by EGNOS (GALILEO) and complementary technologies such as INS (CANBUS),

Integrity provision with respect to GNSS solution GNSS systems evaluation methodology analysis

Main trials description key points

Proof of concept trails for Enforcement & VAS implementation trials carried out separately in Portugal.

FOTs Vehicles Length Drivers VAS Reference System CANBUS Analysis Scenarios

End 2 End trials 100 6 months Real Volunteers (ARVAL) Yes No No High Level

features

Different non controlled scenarios

Exhaustive trials 2 4-5 weeks GINA project controlled drives No Yes Yes

Exhaustive GNSS features performance

Project defined

GINA D1.5 PROJECT OUTCOMES ITS Europe, Lyon (France)06-09/06/201128/06/2011


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logo28/06/2011 Page 21GINA D1.5 Project Outcomes

1. GNSS OBU 2. GNSS Reference System 4. Geobjects Definition

GINA EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS: Evaluation of GNSS system peformance in terms of Position, Distance and PLs calculation

Different configurations to be tested for results comparison GNSS GNSS + EGNOS (SISNET) GNSS + CANBUS GNSS + CANBUS + EGNOS (SISNET)

Two different vehicles operated by different Companies (GMV & Navteq)

Use of different defined geobjects with different definitions to test OBU performance

One vehicle subject to pre planned challenging routes (GMV) and other vehicle following its daily routes (Navteq)

3. Evaluation Routes

EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS CONCEPT


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EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS ROUTES Exhaustive trials completed successfully

– A minimum of 20 repetitions for each of the three routes performed– Some minor route alterations had to be performed due to unforeseen road

works / closures – Data transferred from the OBU to the back office for post-processing– Data analysis carried out

28/06/2011 Page 22

Route 1 – Motorway, urban Route 2 – Urban Route 3 – Urban, motorwayAmsterdam The Hague Rotterdam

Large number of narrow streets and numerous turns in urban roads

Large motorway section with some small roads in urban environment. Some tunnels

Urban roads. Some tall buildings and urban canyons. Some tunnels

PREPARATORY MEETING FOR WORKSHOP#1GINA D1.5 Project Outcomes


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EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS GEOBJECTS


Official Geo-bjects Alternative Geo-objects

Different sets of geobjects created for analysis purposes Official geobjects, adapted to road network topology for better performance Alternative geobjects, small corridors and segments adjusted to roa

Up to 51 different geo-objects used in the exhaustive trials (GMV) between official, alternative and charging areas

All the geobjects were splitted between the three proposed routes, each route with a mix of geobjects that would allow for results evaluation for each geo-object type

Navteq vehicles results geobjects defined differently, mainly charging reas in urban locations due to lack of repetability of routes by navteq vehicle

End2End geobjects comprised 4 charing areas in Utrecht, Den Haag, Nijmegen and Eindhoven together with several motorway segments estimated to be used by the drivers (no information of journeys or starting places due to privacy laws)


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Absolute position accuracy error (global) Relative Distance accuracy error (global)

OBU data shows that distance estimation errors are below 0.33% for all the four configurations tested, and even lower ih the 50th percentil

Odometer (CANBUS) enhanced configurations show the best behaviour with values of 0.23% distance error in the 95th percentil and even 0.05% in the 50th percentil, for all the scenarios, even those with dense urban environment

Position accuracy shows best results in the overall data for GNSS and GNSS+CANBUS configurations, about 17 meters error for the 95th percentil in the overall data, with EGNOS enabled configuration showing slightly higher errors in the overall data (but better results in other scenarios)

XI Congreso ITS España, Barcelona

EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS RESULTS – GMV VEHICLE I

Por favor Chema, pon las gráficas que se han utilizado en el paper. Por otro lado, utiliza las cifras que se detallan en el paper a la hora de dar resultados (es decir, siendo más precisos, hablamos de percentiles (p.e. 95, 0.23%) destacando las cifras para el caso del CANBUS etc. Por ejemplo, en el paper la gráfica de la izquierda no se usa, sino la de error de posición


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EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS RESULTS – GMV VEHICLE II

Alternative geobjects shows worse performance and results than official ones

Great number of alternative geobjects not detected

Over 50% of distance travelled within geobjects not computed

Results are not in compliance with expected figures in Dutch scheme

Geo-object methodology definition considered key for GNSS based RUC applications performance

100% of Geobjects detection events for official defined ones with 0% of wrong identification for all geobjects

Distance deviation error under 1.65% of the total distance travelled, with <0.1% of wrong computed distance in the official geobjects

Results for the overall data, with all the three routes in different scenarios and dense urban environments


Variable Definition

No-detection

Identificación incorrecta de Geo-object,

Where GEOOBJECT_X = 0 TRUTH_GEOOBJECT_X = 1 or

Where GEOOBJECT_X = 1 TRUTH_GEOOBJECT_X = 0

Key require

ment from a RUC

real scheme


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logo28/06/2011 Page 26GINA D1.5 Project Outcomes XI Congreso ITS España, Barcelona

Two different methods employed for distance estimation within geobject Distance average between all the points detected inside geobject Distance between first point inside and first out of the geobject

Second methodology employed shows best results for distance and chargingerrors

Overall charging errors for all configuration below 0.74% in worst case, with no overcharging events in any journeyOdometer based configurations shows the least percentage of large errors, with EGNOS ones having less overall

undercharging values

Charging results are in line with requirements from real user scheme like the Dutch ABvM

Configuration

Method C: GPS+CANBUSA: GPS+CANBUS+

EGNOS

G: GPS

E: GPS+

EGNOS

Main -0.74% -0.74%-

0.66%

-0.65%

Alternative

-0.57% -0.57%-

0.44%

N/A

Charging error relative errors for two different methodologies

ABvM require

ments complia

nt.

EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS RESULTS – GMV VEHICLE III


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Absolute position accuracy error Horiz Protection Levels value

One analysis was performed apart from the overall data, with a small set of data from a motorway section in open environment in order to asses EGNOS peformance in these areas separate from main analysis with the goal of evaluation EGNOS MOPS performance

GNSS+EGNOS configuration showed the best results in terms of possition accuracy with 3 meters errors for 95th percentil against average 6 meters for GNSS only

HPL values for GNSS+EGNOS less than 15 meters for 99th percentil with 3x310-4 related Integrity risk against overall 30-35 meters for rest of configurations with GNSS only

The charging error for this section within limits defined by ABvM with less error than in other scenarios (overall -00.7 and -0.15% for all configurations and 0.21 / 0.38% for the 95th percentil


Relative Charging Error results

EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS RESULTS – GMV VEHICLE IV


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EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS RESULTS – NAVTEQ VEHICLE

28/06/2011 Page 28GINA D1.5 Project Outcomes GINA Workshop #2, Lyon

1 month trial with Navteq controlled vehicle, following normal work routes during mapping campaing

GNSS only and GNSS+EGNOS configurations tested

Vehicle equipped with reference system

Additional information related to OBU solution performance in more interurban environment with regard to GMV vehicle

Geobjects used defined as main road segments and municipalities charging areas due teste routes nature

Navteq Vehicle routes Navteq Vehicle Geobjects


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Relative Distance Error EGNOS HPL values

RAIM HPL valuesRelative Charging Deviation

EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS RESULTS – NAVTEQ VEHICLE II


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EXHAUSTIVE TRIALS RESULTS – NAVTEQ VEHICLE CONCLUSIONS

Distance deviation values over 6% error with regard to GMV vehicle aprox 1%, measured only for each journey (1 day long)

Position accuracy had best results than in GMV vehicle over 10 meters less error. GNSS+EGNOS configurations showed best results with 7 meters against GNSS 11 in the 95th percentil

EGNOS integrity risk about 1.35% compared to 19.5% in GMV vehicle, EGNOS peformance much better than GNSS only configuration in NAVTEQ trials.

HPLs values over 16 meters compared to more than 20 meters in GMV vehicle for the 95th percentil

Geo-objects detection correctly by 2 configs with -1.37% distance error inside them (GNSS) and -1.42% (GNSS+EGNOS). In

Charging Deviation for Navteq vehicle aprox -1.69% (GNSS) and -1.72% (EGNOS)

Lack of repeteability in the journeys and routes don’t allow for conclusive decisions but overall results are in line with requirements as in GMV vehicle

EGNOS peformance in open environments is again demonstrated, the MOPS works better than GNSS only for HPLs, accuracy and Integrity risk in these kind of environments


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END2END TRIALS SUMMARY

End-to-End trials were delayed due to difficulties with producing 100 OBUs for participants

97 OBUs were produced (of those 91 installed) Only GNSS and GNSS+EGNOS configurations enabled All OBUs were installed in participating vehicles driven for 6

months

Geo-objects 4 Municipalities identified as

charging zones – large geo-objects

Utrecht Den Haag Rotterdam Nijmegen

17 Corridor segments

GINA Workshop #2, Lyon


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END2END TRIALS RESULTS (I):

Non controlled environment with individual drivers with different driving areas & behaviours There was no guarantee that participant would enter the defined geo-objects. There would be variability in how each participant travels through a defined geo-object. Reference length of geo-objects could only be obtained from digital maps introducing slight errors Geo-objects could only be of a certain type to allow assessment of distance travelled within (a road segment with

only one entry one exit point). Environmental impacts on the quality of GPS / EGNOS signal were unknown Overall GNSS availability over EGNOS availability but September and November SISNET service shortaged led to

download coupled with some GPRS problems in several OBUS but most o OBUS provided EGNOS availability values between 88 and 95% against GNSS values

GINA D1.5 Project Outcomes GINA Workshop #2, Lyon28/06/2011

Month Valid Journeys

Driving Time (hours)

Distance Driven (km)

Avg Speed (km/h)

Avg TTFF (secs)

Avg Avail Avg EGNOS Avail

June 13 3.2692 117.7598236.02

33.2308 88.36% 51.23%

July 2954 952.0336 68719.0707672.18

48.7183 83.76% 80.43%

August 5227 1663.9939 113324.004868.10

49.8123 83.41% 69.45%

September 6529 2214.5169 134344.320660.67

42.2801 85.46% 47.16%

October 6257 2223.6397 170227.433376.55

53.9668 84.45% 79.19%

November 6724 2907.4292 137636.834247.34

48.8003 83.39% 39.23%

December 6394 3742.2406 131654.917435.18

49.6733 83.34% 78.16%

Totals 34098 13707.12 756024.341 48.81 84.1% 76.54%

End2End total figures


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END2END TRIALS RESULTS (III):


Geo-object

Charge per KM

(€)

description weekend StartTime EndTime tariffName

Corridor 0.03 All Day Yes 00:00:00 23:59:59 WeekendZone 0.03 All Day Yes 00:00:00 23:59:59 Weekend

Corridor 0.065 Day No 09:00:01 15:59:59 WeekdayZone 0.065 Day No 09:00:01 15:59:59 Weekday

Corridor 0.065 Morning No 00:00:00 06:59:59 WeekdayZone 0.065 Morning No 00:00:00 06:59:59 Weekday

Corridor 0.065 Night No 19:00:01 23:59:59 WeekdayZone 0.065 Night No 19:00:01 23:59:59 WeekdayZone 0.085 Morning Rush No 07:00:00 09:00:00 AZone 0.085 Evening Rush No 16:00:00 19:00:00 A

Corridor 0.105 Morning Rush No 07:00:00 09:00:00 BCorridor 0.105 Evening Rush No 16:00:00 19:00:00 B

Tariffs applied

Geobject usage per Hour Charging accuracy per Geobject

Full set of different tariffs defined per corridor, charging area, day of the week and hour of the day Geobject usage during the day and zones show volunteers driving patterns and behaviour Charging accuracy always under the actual distance (no overcharging) , except for one of the areas Digital maps use for estimating distance introduced slight errors in charging accuracy and deviation


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END2END TRIALS RESULTS (II):


Time To First Fix Results Charging Distance Deviation Results

Continuity gaps distribution HPL GPS/EGNOS distribution



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Main Results – “Soft analysis”

END2END TRIALS CONCLUSIONS II

Main Conclusions from responses to questionnaire

Lack of communication regarding benefits of GINA (due to being a pilot) led to an apparent lack of interest in paying for services

Limitations of a trial High penetration is needed to

have an impact Participant responses seem to

reflect the contextual situation in the Netherlands

VAS services need to be sufficiently different from similar services currently available for free form the internet

Main Conclusions from responses to questionnaire

Tendency to be willing to pay to use less congested roads

Perceived benefit?

User appears to be satisfied with currently available navigation technology

Willing to use EGNOS/Galileo if no reduction in quality of service

Regular contact with users regarding benefits of a scheme.




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WP4 INFORMATION


Work package title Conclusions and dissemination activities WP nr 4Start date/event T0End date/event T0+24

Activity Type OTHER (Dissemination) / RTDParticipant number 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12Participant short name ERF GMV ICC BCO TRL N

WMF SKY NAV CEN AEN

Effort per participant (expressed in nr of MM)

13.5 1 0.1 8 0.25 0.1

0.1 0.2 3 3 0.95

Objectives

To coordinate the dissemination actions and resulting deliverables, their planning, monitoring and reporting. To ensure the preparatory phase prevailing to the WP 4.1 and WP 4.2 execution.

To identify all the stakeholder groups with immediate or potential interest in road charging technologies (including related research initiatives and user groups) in order to prepare an effective project dissemination strategy and ensure an adequate degree of project clustering. Special attention will be devoted to the Dutch Government in charge of ABvM implementation (even if not through formal dedicated contacts, but using those in Connekt) and to those actors identified as key players in the value chain, or other countries with major interests in these applications.

To disseminate the project developments thanks to regular on-line and off-line materials and hence, to ensure that GINA’s results translate into enhanced understanding of the potential offered by EGNOS/Galileo in road charging technologies and its future mass-market.

To elaborate a thorough business and exploitation plan at the end of the trials, assessing the business potential of the application(s) addressed by the GINA project, possibilities to capture this potential and support to decision making for a large scale adoption of the concept proposed by the project

To evaluate the impacts of road pricing to manage congestion and reduce pollution

Inputs

GINA project proposal and Annex 1 to Grant Agreement (Description of work) Project Dissemination Plan Results of analysis of market & business, preliminary architecture and technical feasibility and related specific issues (standardisation, policies,

interoperability etc.) (WP2 outcomes)

Trials plan, architecture and results


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WP4 DISSEMINTATION SUMMARY


Event/Congress Place Date

OPTITrans Workshop Madrid, Spain 20 September, 2010

Toulouse Space Show Toulouse, France 8-11 June, 2010

Transport Research Arena Brussels, Belgium 6-9 June, 2010

Galileo User Forum Brussels, Belgium 2 June, 2010

16th IRF World Meeting Lisbon, Portugal 25-28 May, 2010

X ITS Spain Madrid, Spain 11-13 May, 2010

Galileo Application Days Brussels, Belgium 3-5 March, 2010

ITS-T 2009 Lille, France 20-22 Oct, 2009

ITS World Congress 2009 Stockholm, Sweden 21-25 Sept 2009

Royal Institute of Navigation - 2nd GNSS vulnerabilities and solutions 2009

Baska, Croatia 2 Sept 2009

IX ITS Spain Andorra La Vella, Spain 4 Jun 2009

Jornadas Técnicas ADMIRA Valladolid, Spain 27 May 2009

ITS Polish Congress Warsaw, Poland 27 May 2009

Tolling Highways ITS forum Barcelona, Spain 31 Mar 2009

Royal Institute of Navigation London, UK 12 Feb 2009

GINA Dissemination material elaborated: Web page (www.gina-project.eu) Brochures, leaflets, banner Quarterly news letters & press releases at key project milestones Up to 49 different articles, papers and communications for congresses or press releases (Inside GNSS, Thinkgin Highways, etc..

Two validation workshops organized by the project Workshop #1 – Exhaustive Trials result. Brussels (Belgium). 1 October 2010 Workshop #2 - GINA Project final results. Lyon (France). 9 June 2011

http://www.gina-project.eu/


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WP4 BUSINESS & EXPLOITATION - SERVICES

PrivateBusiness

BasicPackag

e

Add-On

HW

Serv

ices

Smart OBU without GUISmart OBU without GUI

Wireless GUIWireless GUI

EFC

E-CALL

EFC

E-CALL

Fleet Management/Tracking and Tracing

Theft management

Traffic info system

Navigation services/ active re-routing

HW

Serv

ices

• GINA Service Provider offer has been structured as a basic package with a set of add-on services (VAS) that can be purchased separately

• Two customer segments have been identified: Business (i.e. commercial vehicles) and Private (i.e. passenger cars)

Theft managementTraffic info systemNavigation services/ active re-routing



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WP4 BUSINESS & EXPLOITATION – MARKET PLAN

- Area 1- Central-Southern EU: Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and Austria

- Area 2 -Benelux & Great Britain:Netherlands, Belgium, Luxemburg, UK, Ireland

- Area 3 - Northern Europe:Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania

- Area 4 - Eastern Europe:Poland, Czech Rep., Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria

- Area 5 - Mediterranean Island:Greece, Malta, Cipro

• In order to define a progressive penetration plan, five geo-clusters have been defined using the following criteria:

- Geo-adjacency and Trans European Network (TEN-T) priority axis- Actual Road Charging scheme- Upcoming Road Charging projects

Area 2

Area 1

Area 3

Area 4

Area 5



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WP4 BUSINESS & EXPLOITATION – COST/BENEFITS ESTIMATION

485 M€ 212 M€ @2021

729 M€ 264 M€ @2019

32 M€ 102 M€ @2022

257 M€

309 M€

147 M€

Base Case

NPV*

Base case plus(+10 % penetr.; +5% price)

Low Penetration(-30 % penetr.)

Worst case(-20 % penetr.;

-10% price)

EBIT @2030

EBITDA @2030

Best case(-30% Comm. cost

Best case plus(-30% Comm. cost; free OBU

from 2021)

1.167 M€ 367 M€ @2018412 M€

1.606 M€ 486 M€ @2018531 M€

Positive FCF

29 B€ 116 M€ @ 2022161 M€



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WP4 BUSINESS & EXPLOITATION – CONCLUSIONS & NEXT STEPS

• Significant business opportunity with a good profitability in the long term (EBITDA at regime condition about 20% of Revenues) with two major issues:

Long break-even period that requires a significant start-up financial stress (cumulative FCF positive after 10 years)

High Sensitivity to price change

• Monthly end-user fees are by far the most important source of revenues: toll chargers % fee have a very limited impact

Largest cost items are Telco costs followed by OBU related costs: Likely to decrease (best case scenarios very probable) Alliance with Technology and Telco providers is key

• Value Added Services represent a good opportunity to enlarge the business beyond toll collection service

Conclusions:

Next Steps:• Customization of the general Business Plan conducted so far for a specific potential

service provider

• Detailed analysis with Service Providers of specific Value Added Services to be offered as a bundle or on demand


CONCLUSIONS

GINA – GNSS FOR INNOVATIVE ROAD APPLICATIONS:


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GINA PROJECT CONCLUSIONS


GINA Project key milestones and results are the following ones

Planning and execution of large demonstrators trials in the Netherlands

GNSS based application system architecture definition and development in compliance with EETS defined requirements as stated in the CEN 17575 standard.

Exhaustive Business & Exploitation plan for the proposed GINA solution for EETS providers

Extensive Dissemination campaign, with 31 different events attended, 49 publications in specialized press and magazines, two dedicated workshops with relevant stakeholders and web page providing information online

Contributed to the implementation & validation of GNSS based RUC applications

Evaluated the benefits of EGNOS/GALILEO over current GNSS solutions for RUC applications

As a general conclusion, GINA has proposed a GNSS-based technology (geo-fencing based on position integrity and supported by the use of CANBUS odometer) which is suitable for:

different charging schemes (both discrete and continuous (distance-based) RUC) Road and urban environments With no need of the use of a cartography Using a simple and cheap Onboard Unit Offering guaranteed performance Suitable to be implemented in different OBU architectures, either Thin, Fat or Smart Satisfying the performances framework defined by a system as demanding as the Dutch ABvM

The GINA project has tried to address the strengths of European GNSS and to identify weaknesses to be tackled as a next step. The project conclusions will shed some light on still open points associated to the use of GNSS for Road User Charging while paving the way to the adoption of GALILEO on the road sector


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GINA TECHNICAL ACHIEVEMENTS


TECHNICAL ACHIEVEMENTS

GNSS based RUC OBU- The GINA OBU developed and customized for the GINA project has been completed and its operational for different RUC

schemes as demonstrated in the project trials exhaustive results, with the following features:

Discrete and distance based RUC Road and Urban With no need of cartography in the majority of cases Simple / cheap OBU Guaranteed performance Thin, Smart and Fat architectures possible Tested on ABvM system (NL) specifications

Integrity Based GeofencingGINA OBU geobjects detection and distance calculation have been developed like a SW module running in the OBU. This SW module makes use of integrity information provision from GNSS/EGNOS in order to detect charging areas.

Odometer (CANBUS) integrationThe integration of the odometer based information in the GINA OBU was tested both from a HW and SW point of view and the proper configuration results evaluated during the trial phase.

This configuration presents the best results for distance calculation with the less error, which has a direct impact in the charging calculations where the performance was almost ideal with less than 1% error and always with undercharging events but no overcharging.

The use of odometer information present in the vehicle, leads to better performance and it does not add any cost to the OBU and complexity to the design by using external sensors.

Geobjects definition methodologyThe process and ideas on how to properly define geobjects for tolling schemes are considered an important topic, and the methodologies involved could constitute an important enabler for future tolling schemes or trials in order to define them so the maximum performance for the GNSS based OBU can be achieved.

A different methodology for geobjects definition, focused in adapting the area to the road network topoology was succesfully tested with very good results compated to “traditional” definitions focused in segments, corridors

Trials procedure/planning

All the different steps, requirements and plannings required carrying out the large demonstrators and trials within the GINA project have been compiled in one of the deliverables thus providing the means for any future trial or demonstrator of similar scale to be implemented.

Also the different routes, geobjects and parameters to be tested provides an overall idea of how any SP OBU could be validated & certificated for its use in any similar distance based RUC scheme with real requirements.

Thank You!!

Documents

GINA – GNSS FOR INNOVATIVE ROAD APPLICATIONS: GNSS for INnovative road Applications GINA Project Outcomes 28/06/2011