Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC1 Tit N TP U NMA.Mc tiu: 1/ Kin thc: n tp ,cng c h thng ho kin thc cc chng v ho hc v c (s in li ,nhm nit, nhm ccbon ) v ho hc hu c (i cng v ho hc hu c ,hircacbon (no, khng no ,thm ),dn xut halogen ancol-phnol,anhit,xton, axit cacboxylic. Khcsu nhng kin thc mi v kh nh khi nim axt baz theo thuyt Brontest ,chng s in li ,khi nim v tecpen trong chng hidrcacbon 2/ K nng: Rn k nng da vo cu to ca cht suy ra tnh cht v ng dng ca cht .Ngc li da vo tnh cht ca cht , d on cu to ca chtRn k nng gii bi tp xc nh CTPT ca hp cht . Pht trin k nng t hc , bit lp bng tng kt kin thc ,bit cch tm tt ni dung chnh tng bi, tng chng . 3/ Tnh cm thi : Thng qua vic rn luyn t duy bin chng trong vic xt mi quan h nhn qu gia cu to v tnh cht ca cht ,lm cho hc sinh hng th hc tp v yu thch mn ho hn. B.Chun b : Yu cu HS lp bng tng kt kin thc ca tng chong theo s hng dn ca GV, trc khi ln lp tit n tp u nm . GV lp bng tng kt kin thc vo giy kh ln hoc bng ph . C.Kin thc cn nh: Dng bng tng kt kin thc v pp m thoi n tp, h thng ho kin thc . BI GING N TP I-S IN LI: 1) S in li Qu trnh phn li cc cht trong noc ra ion l s in li +Nhng cht tan trong nc phn li ra ion gi l nhng cht in li Cht in li mnh l cht khi tan trong nc ,cc phn t ho tan u phn li ra ion GV cn phn tch HS hiu su sc cc khi nim trn : - y ch xt dung mi l nc . - S in li cn l qu trnh phn li cc cht ra ion khi nng chy . - Cht in li cn l nhng cht khi nng chy phn li ra ion . - Khng ni cht in li mnh l cht khi tan trong nc phn li hon ton thnh ion. L do : H2SO4 l cht in li mnh nhng: H2SO4 H++ HSO4

( phn li hon ton) HSO4

H+ +SO4( phn li khng hon ton ) NaHCO3 Na++ HCO3( phn li hon ton ) HCO3 H++ CO3( Phn li khng hon ton ) - Khng ni cht in li mnh l cht khi tan trong nuc phn li gn nh hon ton thnh ion . V:Na2SO4 l cht in li mnh . nu vit : Cht in li yu l cht khi tan trong nc ch c mt phn s phn t ho tan,phn li ra ion , phn cn li vn tn ti di dng phn ttrong dd Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC2

Na2SO42 Na++ SO 24 th c ngha l trong dd vn tn ti cc phn tNa2SO4 .iu khng ng . 2) Axt ,Baz ,mui (l nhng cht in li )a) Theo thuyt in li Axit , baz ,mui Axt l cht khi tan trong nc phn li thnh ion H+ Baz l cht khi tan trong nc phn li ra ion OH- Mui l hp cht khi tan trong nc phn li ra cation kim loi ( hoc NH+4) v anion gc axit Hydrxit lng tnh l hidrxit khi tan trong nc va c th phn li nh axt va c th phn li nh baz. b) Theo thuyt Brontest: Axit , baz ,mui Axt l cht nhng H+Baz l cht nhn H+Mui c th ng vai tr l axit , baz hay trung tnh3.Phn ng trao i trong dd cac cht in li : Phn ng trao i ion trong dd cc cht in li ch xy ra khi c t nht mt trong cc iu kin sau : - To thnh cht kt ta. - To thnh cht in li yu . - To thnh cht kh . Bn cht l lm gim s i on trong dd II/ NHM NIT: - Nhm nit gm : N , P ,As ,Sb , Bi. - Cu hnh e lp ngoi cng :ns2 np3. - trng thi c bn ,nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm Nit c 3 e c thn . - trng thi kch thch ,nguyn t ca cc nguyn t P,As, Sb,Bi c 5e c thn . - Cc nguyn t Ni t c s oxh l +5 ,ngoi ra cn c cc s oxh +3,v -3 .Ring Nit cn c thm cc s oxh +1,+2 v +4 . Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC3 Cu hnh e : 1s22s2+2p3 m in : 3,04 Cuto phn t : NN(N2) Cc s oxh : -3,-2,0,+1,+2,+3,+4,+5 +5 NH33 thue N2 nhuongeHNO3

+5 O Axt HNO3 :H O NO Cu hnh e : 1s22s22p63p3 m in : 2,19 Cuto phn t : ( P4) hoc Pn Cc s oxh : -3,0 +3,+5

0+5 PH33 thue P4 nhuongeH3PO4 H- O Axt H3PO4 : H- O P O H- OH3PO4 l axit phn li theo 3 nc , mnh trung bnh , khng c tnh oxi ho mnh nh HNO3

III- NHM CC BON- Nhmcacbon gm : C, Si ,Ge, Sn, Pb. - Cu hnh e lp ngoi cng : ns2 np2 - trng thi c bn , nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm cacbon c 2e c thn . - trng thi kch thchnguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm cacbon c 4e c thn . - Tt c cc nguyn t nhm ccbon u to c hp cht kh vi H (RH4) - Cc nguyn t nhm cacbon u c hai loi axt l RO v RO2

CacbonSilic Cu hnh e :1s2 2s2 2p2 Cc dng th hnh : kim cng , than ch ,fuleren. n cht : cacbon th hin tnh kh l ch yu v cn th hin tnh oxiho . Hp cht :CO , CO2, axt cacbonic ,mui cacbont . * CO : l oxt trung tnh ,c tnh kh mnh . * CO2 : l oxt axt , c tnh oxiho yu* H2CO3 : L axt rt yu , khng bn , ch tn ti trong dd . Cu hnh e :1s2 2s2 2p63s23p2 Cc dng tn ti : Silc tinh th v silic v nh hnh . n cht : Silic va th hin tnh kh va th hin tnh oxiho . Hp cht : SiO2 , H2SO3, mui silicat* SiO2 : L oxt axit khng tan trong nc . * H2SO3: L axt rt yu ,t tan trong nc (kt ta keo ) ,yu hn axt cacbon nic IV I CONG HO HU C : Hp cht hu c HidrcacbonDn xut hidrcacbon Hidrocacbon no Hidrocacbon khng no Hidrocacbon thm Dn xut halogen Ancol phnol te Anhitxton Amino axt Axit cacboxylicEste -ng dng : Nhng hp cht hu c c thnh phn phn t hn ,km nhau mt hay nhiu nhm CH2 nhng c tnh cht ho hc tng t nhau l nhng cht ng ng , chng hp thnh dy . - D0ng phn : Nhng hp cht hu c khc nhau c cng CTPT gi l cc cht ng phn . V-HICACBON:

AnkanAnkenTecpenAnkinAnkylbenzen CTPTCnH2n+2 (n>1) CnH2n (n>2) (C5H8)n (n>2) CnH2n-2 (n>2) CnH2n-6 (n>6) Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC4 c im CTPT -Ch c mt lin kt n-C ng phn mch cacbon. -C mt lin kt i-C ng phn mch cacbon v ng phn v tr lin kt iPhn t tecpen c cu to mch h hoc mch vng c cha cc lin kt i C=C -C 1 lin kt ba- C ng phn mch cacbon v ng phn v tr lin kt ba- C vng benzen - C ng phn v tr tng i ca nhnh ankyl Tnh cht ho hc - Phn ng th Halogen- Phn ng tch hi-Phn ng cng- Phn ng trng hpPhn ng cng - Phn ng cng - Phn ng th H cacbon u mch c lk ba -Phn ng th (halogen, nitro) - Phn ng cng VI-DN XUT HALOGEN ANCOL-PHNOL: Dn xut halogenAncol n chcPhnol CTCTCxHyXCnH2n+1-OH (n > 1) C6H5-OH Tnh cht ho hc -Phn ng th X bng OH -Phn ng tch hir halogenua -Phn ng vi kim loi kim- Phn ng th nhm OHC2H5-OH +HBr C2H5Br -Phn ng tch nc C2H5-OH 4 2SO HC2H4 +H2O170 C -Phn ng vi kim loi kim-Phn ng vi dd kim-Phn ng th nguyn t hidr ca vng benzen-Phn ng oxi ho khng hon tonC2H5-OH , CuOCH3CHO -Phn ng chy iu ch-Th H ca hidrcacbon bng X -Cng HX hoc X2 vo anken ,ankinT dn xut halogen hoc anken T ben zen hay cumen VII-ANHIT XTON- AXIT CACBOXYLIC: Anhit no n chc mch h X ton no n chc mch hAxt cacboxylic no n chc mch h CTCTCnH2n+1-CHO CnH2n+1-C - CmH2m+1 O CnH2n+1-COOH Tnh cht ho hc -Tnh oxihoR-CHO + H2 0 .t xtR-CH2OH -Tnh khR-CHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2]OH 0 t RCOONH4 + 3NH3+ H2O +Ag -Tnh oxihoR-CO-R1 +H2 0 tNi R-CHOH-R1 -C tnh cht chung ca axit (tc dng vi baz ,oxitbaz,kim loi hot ng). Tc dng vi ancolRCOOH + R1OH RCOOR1 + H2O iu ch -Oxiho ancol bc 1 R-CH2OH +CuO 0 tR-CHO +Cu + H2O -Oxiho tilen iu ch anhit axtic-Oxiho ancol bc 2R-CH(OH) R1 + 1/2O2 0 ,t xtR-CO-R1 + H2O-Oxiho anhitR-CHO +1/2 O 0 ,t xt RCOOH -Oxiho ct mch ankanR-CH2- CH2-R1 + 5/2O2 0 ,t xtRCOOH + R1COOH + Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC5 2CH2=CH2 + O2 0 .t xt 2CH3-CHO H2O -Sn xut CH3COOH + Ln men gim+ i t + CO 0 ,t xt CH3COOH 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c, lm bi tp v xem trc bi mi. IV. Rt kinh nghim b sung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC6 Chng 1: ESTE - LIPIT TitBi 1 : ESTE A. MC TIU 1) Kin thc :Bit : - CTCT ca Ester v mt s dn xut ca Acid Carboxylic ( Anhydrit Acid, Halogenua Acid, Amit ) -Phng php iu ch este v ancol,ca ph nol ,ng dng ca mt s este - L tnh :tnh tan ca este trong nc,nhit si... - Ho tnhPhn ng nhm chc v phn ng gc hyrcacbon. 2) K nng : - Gi tn Ester, vit CTCTc ti a 4 C theo tn gi- Luyn tp xc nh c im cu to, danh php cc dy ng ng v vit ng phn theo CTTQ -Lmttccbitpvndnghatnh:xcnhkhilngvxcnhCTPT,phnngxphng ho. B. CHUN B Thy:-Cc bng tm tt v s lin quan hu c gia Hydro Carbon v dn xut; s phn ng Ester ha (c th)-Vi mu Ester lm th nghim Ester nh hn nc v Ester c mi thm (c th) Tr : xem trc bi mi III. Tin trnh tit dy: 1.n nh lp 2. Kim tra : Vit phng trnh phn ng, ghi r iu kin phn ng A B C D HCOOH CO2 E F G H CH3COOCH3 CH3OH 3. Bi mi TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung 5 5 4 Hot ng 1 -KhinimvEstevdn xut khc ca Acid Carboxylic -Ester?.CutocaEstern gin ? -CcdnxutkhccaAcid Carboxylic ? -CutrctngicaEsterto bi Acid n no v Ru n no ? -ChomtsthdvEsterv HS s xc nh c: A: CH4 ; B: CH3Cl ;C: CH3OH ; D: HCHOE: C2H4 ; F: C2H5OH ;G: CH3CHO ; H: CH3COOH CH3COOCH3+H2O CH3COOH + CH3OH (HScthsdngnidung SGK trang 5) -Esterlsnphmcaphn ng Ester ha -(SGK):HalogenuaAcid, Anhydrit Acid, Amid L cc hp cht c nhm axyl ( R C ) O -DanhphpcaEstertobi Alcanol v Alcanoic : I.KHINIMVESTEV DNXUTKHCCAACID CARBOXYLIC: 1-Cutophnt:(cudngn gin) - Ester :R C O R O (R,R:gcHCno,thmhoc khng) -VidnxutkhccaAcid Carboxylic :Anhydrit Acid : R C O C R O O Halogenua Acid : R C X O Amid : R C NR2 O 2- Cch gi tn Este n gin :TngcHCR+tnaniongc Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC7 19 ngh HS gi tn - L tnh ca Este -LinktHydrotrongRuv Acid ? - Cho th d1: -SGK:CcCHCnhsp,du, m(chtbo)lccEster. Chngnhhnnc(nitrn nc) -HyvitCTCTccEstermi nu trong SGK ? Hot ng 2 Ha tnh ca Este - Ha tnh ca Ester ? - Nh vy: Phn ng ch yu ca nhmchcEsterlphnng thy phn. Ti sao phn ng thy phnEstertrongmitrng Kim l phn ng mt chiu ? Cng c( tit 1) Vitttcccngphnca esteccngthcphnt C4H8O2 v gi tn. Tit 2 -NhnnhvphnngEster Prefix(A)+an+oatPrefix (R) + yl Tn thng thng: Tnaniongc Acid+tn gc H-C ca Ru ( Xem th d v nhn nh gi tn Ester) (Gi tn theo SGK v nhn nh so snh cch gi) - Lin kt Hydro lin phn t to nn nhit si cao (v tnh tan tt) ca Ru v Acid CH3COOHt0S =1180C CH3CH2OH78,3CHCOOCH332C -Nhnnh:ViccEster, Ru, Acidcng(C),doEster khngtoclinktHydro lin phn t, nn c nhit si thp hn - (SGK): Gm + Phn ng nhm chc: Phn ngthyphntrongc2mi trng(AcidvBaz)vphn ng kh + Phn ng gc Carbon cha no:Phnngth,cng,trng hp v phn ng oxid ha - V:+ThyphnEstertrongmi trng Acidlphnngnghch caphnngEsterha(phn ng thun nghch) + Thyphntrongmitrng KimscphnngcaAcid vasinhviKimv to Mui. Khngcphnngcchiu ngc li Hcsinhhanthnhbitp v ln bng trnh by. -HpchtHydruachaH . Acd ( xem th d SGK) 3- L tnh Este :-Chtlngdbayhi,cmic trng -Tanttrongnc,tantttrong dungmihucvldungmi hu c -NhitsithpsoAcidgcdo khng c lin kt Hydro lin phn t II. HA TNH ESTE : * Ha tnh ca Ester gm: +Chyulphnngthyphn trong c 2 mi trng (Acid v Baz) + Phn ng kh nhm Carboxyl RCOOR LiAlH4 ,T R-CH2OH +ROH +PhnngcagcHC (thv b phn ng cng oxid ha trng hp)1- Phn ng thy phn:a/TrongmitrngAcid:Phn ngnghchcaphnngEsteha tng ng RCOOR + H2O H2SO4, T RCOOH + ROHb/TrongmitrngBaz:Phn ng mt chiu.RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH Cngilphnngxphng ha (vitccphngtrnhphnng dng tng qut v cht c th) 2- Phn ng kh : EsterbkhbiHydruaLiti Alumin.Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC8 8 4 tc dng vi LiAlH4 ? (giithchcchphnngvo thi gian ph hp sau) Hot ng 3 -Ngoira,mchHCca Estercngthhinyha tnh c trng. Trong , lu l ccphnngcamchHC cha no. (?) -Cho th d 2: v phn ng ha tnh iu ch v ng dng ca Este -Cho th d 3: v phn ng iu ch PhnngkhnhmchcAcid (nhmAxyl),theoslin quan hu c bit: +Aldehydlchttrunggian giaRu(I)vAcidtng ng + S : RCH2-OHR-C=O RCO O H

-PhnngcamchHC chanogmbphnng (cng-oxidha-trnghp)v phn ng th ty iu kin - ( GV v HS cng trao i ) - ( GV v HS cng trao i ) NG DNG : Xem SGK +FormiatEtyl,AcetatEtyl, Acetatn-Butyl,...lmdung mihatanCHC.cbitl dungmiphasnTriNitrat Cellulose , Acetat Cellulose+TrongCNTP:PropionatEtyl (da),ButyratEtyl(mida), Propionatiso-Amyl(dachn), FormiatEtyl(to),Acetatiso-Nhm Axyl tr thnh Ru (I) R COO RLiAlH4 , tC RCH2OH+R OH 3- Phn ng gc H C cha no : Ester c th tham gia phn ng th, cng, trng hp, oxid ha gc H - C Sauychxtphnngcngv phnngtrnghpcagcHC cha no a/Phnngcng:(GingH-C cha no)+Hydrohahonnguynlinkt bi (C = C ; C C): H2 / Ni , tC C17H33COOCH3 + H2 Ni ,T

C17H35COOCH3 + Lm mt mu dung dch Brom + Phn ng cng Cl2

b/Phnngtrnghp:Doc(C = C) nCH2=CH-COOCH3

P, T

( CH2-CH2)n COOCH3 (Luphnngtothytinhhu c) III. IU CH & NG DNG : 1- iu ch : a/ Este ca Ru :Phngphp:unhiluRu viAcidhu c, c H2SO4 clm xc tc (Gi l phn ng Ester ha ) b/ Este ca Phenol :Phngphp:KhngdngAcid huctcdngPhenol.Dng Anhydrit Acid hoc Clorua Acid tc dng vi Phenol 2- ng dng : -Estermikhngcdngtrong CNTP(bnh,ko,ncgiikht, m phm) -Estelmdungmihuc:Pha sn - Lm nguynliu snxut si tng hp, thy tinh hu c, cht do, keo dn Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC9 6- Cng c -Ha tnhEsterchyulphn ng thy phn -PhnngEsterhadounhi lu -Estercnhiungdngtrong i sng - E : Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch a/MetylFormiattMetanv cht v c cn thit b/EtylAcetattMetanvcht v c Amyl (chui) + Trong CN hng liu : Acetat Geranyl (hoa hng)CH3 COO C10H7 ( sgk )+PolyVinylAcetat(PVA)l nguynliuchsitnghp, tm vo giy hoc mt hng si, lmkeodnhoclmchtkt dnh cho sn mi, lm ko gm+ PolyMetylMetacrylat(thy tinhhu c)lm dng c quang hc 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c, lm bi tp v xem trc bi mi. IV. Rt kinh nghim b sung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC10 TitBi 2 : LIPIT I / Mc tiu: 1) Kin thc : Bit c :- Khi nim phn loi lipit v trng thi t nhin . - Khi nim cht bo ,tnh cht vt l v ,ng dng ca cht bo . Hiu c : - Tnh cht ho hc ca lipit ( phn ng thu phn v phn ng x phng ho, phn ng hir ho ,phn ng oxi ho gc axt bo ,khng no ) 2) K nng: - Da vo CTCT ,d on c tnh cht ho hc ca cht bo- Vit c cc ptp hhtnh cht ca cht bo . - Bit cch s dng ,bo qun oc mt s cht bo an ton hiu qu . - Gii cc BT : khi lng cht bo v mt s BT khc c lin quan . II/ CHUN B: - GV cho HS n tp k CTPT este, tnh cht ho hc ca este . - Tm mu cht HS quan st : Du n , m n , sp ong . - M hnh phn t cht bo . III / Cc bc ln lp :1.n nh lp 2.-Kim tra ming : trnh by tnh cht ha hc ca este vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha. 3. Bi mi TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung Hot ng 1 GVhng dn cho HS phn bit lipt v cht bo -Cht bo l thnh phn chnh ca du m ng ,thc vt . -Da vo CTPT cht bo HS cho bit trong phn t cht bo c my nhm chc este . Cht bo c to nn t ancol no v axt no ? -Thng bo cho HS bit cc axit bo thng gp - HS lin h thc t v s khc nhau cht bo v lipitCho VD : CTPT ca cht boCH2-O-CO-R1

CH-O-CO-R2 CH2-O-CO-R3 (xem SGK) cc axit bo-Axt bo no : CH3-[CH2]14-COOH Axit panmitic CH3-[CH2]16-COOH Axit staric -Axt bo khng no thng gp CH3-[CH2]7-CH=CH- CH2]7-COOH Axt licCH3-[CH2]4-CH=CH-CH2-CH=CH--[CH2]7-COOH ( xem ti liu bi 4) I/ KHI NIM ,PHN LOI V TRNG THI T NHIN: 1) Khi nim v phn loi : Lipit l nhng hp cht hu c c trong t bo sng , khng tan trong nc ,nhng tan trong HCHCkhng phn cc nh : te , clorofom , xng ,du - Lipitbao gm : cht bo ,sp steroit , photpholipit ,hu ht chng l este phc tp. -Cht bo: l trieste ca glixrolVi cc axit mono cacboxylic c s nguyn t cacbon chn(khong t 12 n 24C) khng phn nhnh (axt bo ) gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixrol , cht bo c cng thc chung l: CH2-O-CO-R1

CH-O-CO-R2 CH2-O-CO-R3 Cht bo b thu phn to thnh glixrol v axit bo2) Trng thi t nhin : Cht bo l thnh phn chnh ca du m ng vt , thc vt .Sp in hnh l sp ongSteroit v pht pho lipit c trong c th sinh vt v ng vai tr quan trng trong hot ng sng ca chng . II / TNH CHT CA CHT BO : 1) Tnh cht vt l: - Cht bo th rn v th lng , Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC11 Hot ng 2 -Hy cho bit cc loi cht bo no th rn v cht bo no th lng ? v sao c trng thi ? -Vit PTP thu phn , HS cho bit sn phm thu c l nhng cht no ? -Qua cc phn ng thu phn HS rt ra kt lun ? -Cho HS vit PTP xy ra HS tho lun xem SGK -Phn ng dng HS xem hnh v hoc mu vt . CNG C: Hngdn HS gii BTs 2 ti lp - HS bit phn bit cht bo th rn v th lng v l du hay m , thng c u? -Sn phm l glixrol v axt bo T phn ng thu phn Vy cht bo l trieste ca glixrol v cc monocacboxylic c s chn nguyn t C khng nhnh , gi chung l tri glixrit . Khi thu phn cht bo th thu c glixrol va axit bo ( hoc mui) -HS rt ra 2 chnh : C th cn cht bo tng hp nn cht bo mi cho c thCht bo l thc n quan trng -Cht bo nh hn nc v khng tan trong nc ,tan trong cc dung mi hu c : benzen .xng , te ... 2) Tnh cht ho hc : a/ Phn ng thu phn trong mi trng axit : CH2-O-CO-R1

CH-O-CO-R2+ H2O CH2-O-CO-R3 CH2-OHR1COOH + 0 ,t HCH2-OH + R2COOH CH2-OH R3COOH b/ Phn ng x phng ho (thu phn trong mi trng baz) Cht bo phn ng vi mi trng kim c gi l phn ng x phng ho ,phn ng xy ra mt chiu v nhanh hn ( mui ca kim loi kim gi l x phng ) C/ Phn ng hirho : Cc cht bo th lng ( gc H,C khng no ) + H2to thnh cht bo no th rn (c gc H,C no)d/Phn ng oxi ho : Phn ng oxiho xy ra chm gc H,C khng no (C=C )trong kk to thnh peoxit ,cht ny b thu phn thnh cc sn phm c mi kh chu .Nn du m lu b i thiu c mi kh chu III / VAI TR CA CHT BO : 1) Vai tr ca cht bo trong c th : 2) ng dng trong cng nghip : 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c, lm bi tp v xem trc bi mi. IV. Rt kinh nghim b sung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC12 Tit Bi 3 : CHT GIT RA I / MC TIU1) Kin thc : Bit : - Khi nim cht git ra v tnh cht giot ra . - X phng : Sn xut x phng ,thnh phn v cch s dng . - Cht git ra tng hp : Sn xut , thnh phn v cch s dng . 2) K nng : * S dng hp l an ton x phng v cht git ra tng hp trong i sng . * Gii c bi tp : tnh khi lng x phng sx c theo hiu sut v mt s BT khc . II/ Chun B :- Mu vt : x phng cht git ra tng hp . - Phng to hnh v minh ho c ch hot ng ca cht git ra (nh trong sch GK). III / Hot ng Dy Hc: -n nh lp -Kim tra bi c: vit cu to ca cht bo c tn l tristearin v phn ng x phng ha ca n. - Bi mi : TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC13 Hot ng 1 -Cc em dng bt git hay x phng git qun o , cch git nh th no ? - c sch do x phng v bt git lcht ty raSau dng nc gi sch lp bn bm ln qon o m khng gy phn ng ho hc vi cc cht -T xa ngi ta dng nhng loi cht no thay th x phng Hot ng 2 -Ly mt s cht cho tan trong noc nh : nc gia ven ,noc clo oxi, mtanol ,tanol ,axit axtic ,mui axtat ca kl kim l nhng cht a noc- L y du ho hoc du n cho ho tan vo nc ,c tan khng ? Nhng khi cho tan trong m th li tan tt Hot ng 3 HS xem SGK tm hiu c ch hot ng ca cht git ra ( hnh 1.4) -u im v nht im ca x phng ? -Xem SGK bit cch sx x phng . Gi ,dng bt git ho tan vo nc ,ngm qun o ,sau dng nc gi nhiu ln ,ta thy sch . -Ngy nay ngi ta dng cht ty ra ging nh x phng ,gi l cht ty ra tng hp Lm TN t nhng cht sau ,quan st bit cht a noc v k noc? -Cht a nc th tan tt trong noc ,khng tan trong du m-Cht k nc th khng tan trong noc ,tan c trong du m -Da vo sch c hnh v minh ho d gii thchI / KHI NIM V TNH CHT CA CHT GIT RA : 1) Khi nim cht git ra : Cht git ra l cht khi dng cng vi nc th c tc dng lm sch cc cht bn bm trn cc vt rn m khng gy ra phn ng ho hc vi cc cht . 2) Tnh cht git raa)Mt s khi nim lin quan : * Cht ty mu lm sch cc vt mu bn nh nhng phn ng ho hc : nc gia ven ,noc clo oxi .. * Cht git ra nh x phng lm sch cc vt bn* Cht a nc l nhng cht tan tt trong nc ,nh mtanol ,tanol ,axit axtic ,mui axtat ca kl kim* cht k nc : l nhng cht hu nh khng tan trong nc ,nh : hidrcacbon ,dn xut halogen cht k nc li a du m ,cht a nc li k du m . b)t im cu trc mui Natri ca axit bo :C17H35C-ONa+ O -PhntmuiNatrilmtuancl nhmCOONa+vmtuiknclgc hydrcac bon CxHy (thngx>15)lshnhthnhmuchung cho phn t cht git ra c) C ch hot ng ca cht git ra : VD: mui natristarat-NhmCH3[CH2]6-uiadum,gc COONa+ a nc nn qu trnh xy raII /X PHNG : 1) Sn xut x phng : Thngdng:ngitadngduhocmca ng vt khng s dng un vi ddNaOH hoc ddKOH,nhitvpsutcao,chothm NaClvovlmlnh,thmtphgiatathu c x phng . -Ngynayngi ta sxx phng tng hp theo cch sau . R-CH2-CH2-R/ R-COOH+ R/-COOH R-COONa+R/-COONa. 2)Thnhphnxphngvcchsdngx phng : -Thnhphnchnhcaxphnglccmui natrihockalicaaxtbo(thngl natristearat,natripanmitat,natrilat.....)cc ph gia thng l cht mu v cht thm . Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC14 -Vit cc CT mui ca cc axt trn Hot ng 4 -Hy gii thch v sao x phng tng hp cng c tnh cht git ra tng t x phng thng -u im v khuyt im ca x phng ,cht git ra tng hp . Hot ng 5 Cng c : Dng hnh v minh ho trnh by c ch hot ng ca cht git ra. -Xphngcnhcimkhidngvinc cngth cc mui canxi stearat, canxi panmitat ..slmkt tagimtcdnggitracavi v nh hng n cht lng vi . III/CHT GIT RA TNG HP :1) SN XUT CHT GIT RA TNG HP : Ngi ta sx cht git ra tng hp theo mu phn t x phng l mt u phn cc gn vi ui khng phn cc , gi l cht git ra tng hp . VD : C12H25-O-SO3Na+ Natri Lauryl sunfat C12H25-C6H4O-SO3Na+

Natri oxyl benzen sunfonat. -HocR-COOH khR- CH2OH 4 2SO HR- CH2OSO3H NaOH R- CH2OSO3 Na+ 2) THNH PHN V S DNG CC CH PHM T CHT GIT RA TNG HP:-Cc ch phm s dng c hi v khng c ,tu theo thnh phn u im cht ty ra tng hp s dng c trong nc cng 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c, lm bi tp v xem trc bi mi. IV. Rt kinh nghim b sung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC15 Tit Bi 4 : LUYN TPMI QUAN H GIA HIDROCACBON V MT S DN XUT Da vo s HS vit PTP xy ra theo s sau : I /MI LIN H GIA CC LOI HIRCAC BON : 1) Chuyn hidrrcac bon no thnh khng no v thm a) Phng php hidr ho : CnH2n-6 2 4 , 0 , H t xtCnH2n+2 2 , , H tto xtCnH2n 2 , , H tto xtCnH2n-2 b) Phong php crcking: CnH2n+2 0 ,tt xtCxH2x+2+ CyH2y( x+y = n) 2) Chuyn hir cacbon khng no thnh no : a) Phng php hir ho khng hon ton : R-CC-R/ 0 ,tt xt R-C=C-R/ 0 ,tt xt RCH2 CH2R/

b) Phng php hir ho hon ton : CnH2n-6+ ( x+1 ) H2 0 ,tt xt CnH2n+2(x= 1, 2 ) CnH2n-6 + 3H2 0 ,tt xtCnH2nAren Xiclo ankanII/ MI LIN H GIA HICAC BON V DN XUT CHA OXI CA HIRCC BON : 1) Chuyn hir cc bon trc tip thnh dn xut cha oxi : a) xi ho hir cc bon iu kin thch hp : Oxi ho ankan ,anken ,aren nhit cao vi xc tc thch hp thu c dn xut cha oxi . VD : R-CH2 CH2-R/ + 0 , , 2 t xt OR-COOH + R/-COOHb) Hirt ho anken thnh ancol: R-CH=CH2+H2O + 0 , . t xt HR-CH(OH)-CH3

c) Hirt ho ankin to thnh anhit hoc ancol : R-CC-R/ 0 ,tt xt[ R-CH=C(OH)-R/R-CH2-CO - R/ 2)Chuyn hir cacbon thnh dn xut cha oxi qua dn xut halogen : a) Th nguyn t hydr bng nguyn t halogen ri thu phn:R-H + 0 ( , , 2 t as X R-X + 0 , 2 , t O H NaOH R-OH Ar-H + Fe X , 2Ar-X + 0 , 2 , t O H NaOH Ar-OH b) Cng halogen hoc hydruahalogenua vo hydrcacbon khng no ri thu phn : R-CH=CH2 +HX R-CH-CH3 + 0 , 2 , t O H NaOH R-CH-CH3

XOH 3) Chuyn ancol v dn xut halogen thnh hydrcacbon : a/ Tch nc t ancol thnh anken : H-C-C-OH 170 , 2S HC=C b) Tch hydrhalogenua t dn xut halogen thnh anken =CH-CX= 0 , 5 2 / t OH H C KOH=C=C= 4)Chuyn ho gia cc dn xut cha clo : a) Phng php oxi ho : R-CH2-OH + 0 ,t CUO R-CH=OR-COOH R-CHOH + 0 ,t CUO R-CO-R/ b) Phng php kh: - Kh andhyt ,xton thnh ancol: R-CO-R/ +H2R-CHOH-R/ -Kh este thnh ancol: R-COO-R/ 0 , 4 t LiAlH R-CH2-OH + R/ -OH Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC16 c) Este ho v thu phn este: RCOOH+R/OH RCOOR/ + H2O M i li n hgia hir ocacbonv mt s dn xut ca hir ocacbon + H2O, H+, toH+, to, - H2O Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC17 Chng 2 : cacbohidrat TitBi 5 : GLUCOZ I/ MC TIU BI: 1/ Kin Thc: - Bit cu trc phn t ( dng mch h , mch vng ) ca glucoz ,frc toz . - Bit s chuyn ho gia hai ng phn : glucoz v fructoz . - Hiu cc tnh cht cc nhm chc trong phn t glucoz v fructoz . vn dng tnh cht ca cc nhm chc gii thch cc tnh cht ho hc ca glucoz v fructoz :2/ K nng : - Rn luyn phng php k nng tru tng khi nghin cu cu trc phn t phc tp ( cu ta vngca glucoz v frctoz ) . - Khai thc mi quan h : cu trc phn t tnh cht ho hc - Rn luyn k nng quan st ,phn tch cc kt quth nghim . - Gii cc bi tp c lin quan n hpp cht glucoz v fructoz . II/ Chun B : - Dng c th nghim v ho cht : glucoz, ddAgNO3 ,NH3 ,CuSO4 ,NaOH. - Cc m hnh c lin quan n bi hc . II/ Hot ng Ln Lp : 1.n nh lp 2.Kim tra bi c: ( khng) 3.Bi mi Khi qut Ccbohidrat (cn gi l gluxit, saccarit) c cng thc chung l Cn (H2O)m. Cacbohdrat chia thnh 3 nhm ch yu : * Monosccarit l nhm cacbohidrt n gin ,khng b thu phn :cht tiu biu l fructoz v glucoz .* isccarit l nhm cacbohidrt khi thu phn mi phn t sinh ra 2phn t monosaccarit cht tiu biu l: saccaroz v mantoz . * Polisaccarit l nhm cacbohidrat phc tp ,khi thu phn mi phn t sinh ra nhiu phnt monosaccarit cht tiu biu l tinh bt v xenluloz TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung Hot ng 1 *Cho bit trng thi t nhin ca glucoz ? thng gp glucoz u trong b phn no ca cy ?c trong ng vt v thc vt ? Hot ng 2 Xem k SGKLm cc th nghim xc nh cc nhm chc c trong glucoz-Trong phn t glucoz c nhm chc CH=O, nhiu nhm OH - Quan st mu glucoz, xem SGK cho bit tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin . -TN: phn ng trng bc ,tc dng vi ddBrm-TN: phn ng vi ddCu(OH)2 to ra mu xanh lam I/ Tnh Cht Vt L v Trng Thi T Nhin : - Glucoz trong t nhin l cht kt tinh khng mu , nng chy 1460 (dng )v 1500 ( dng ),d tan trong nc-V ngt :-C trong cc b phn ca cy : -C trong c th ngi v ng vt ,c trong mu lng nh khng i o,1 %. II/Cu Trc Phn T: CTPT: C6H12O6 , tn ti dng mch h v mch vng1) Dng mch h : a)Cc d kin thc nghim : - Kh hton glucoz thu c hecxen ,vy 6 nguyn t C to thnh mch khng phn nhnh . - phn ng c vi ddAgNO3 ,ddbrmchng t phn t c nhm chc CH=O - Glucoz tc dng vi ddCu(OH)2 to dd mu xanh lam trong phn t c nhiu nhm OH k nhau . -Phn ng to este cha 5 nhm CH3COO trong phn t c 5 nhm OH b)Kt lun: Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC18 GV kt lun cc th nghim trn Hot ng 3 -V sao glucoz c c tnh vt l khc nhau v t0 nng chy? -Xem k hnh v bit cu trc ca glucoz Hot ng 4 -T cng thc cu to ca glucoz hy cho bit tnh cht ha hc ca glucoz \ -C 2 dng cu trc vng 6 cnh ca glucoz vng (dng ) v ( dng ), - Nhn xt :C cc mu xy ra ,l phn ng dng nhn bit cht c nhiu nhm OH k nhau-Phn ng xy ra c trng Ag ,do c nhm chc CH=O Hc sinh suy lun tnh cht ha hc ca glucoz theo cng thc cu to ca n. CTCT dng mch h ca glucoz l : CH2OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CH=O Vit gn : CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO 2)Dng mch vng: Glucoz kt tinh to ra 2 dng tinh th c nhit nng chy khc nhau ,do ng vi 2 dng cu trc vng (dng ) v ( dng ), Nhm OH C5 cng vo nhm C=O to ra 2 dng vng 6 cnhHOOHHOHCH2OHHHOHOHH

HOHOHCH2OHHOHOHHHOH Hai dng vng lun chuyn ho cho nhau theo mt cn bng dng mch h . Nhm OH v tr s 1 c gi l hemiaxtal n gin ta c th di dng sau OHOHHOHOOOH III/ TNH CHT HO HC : Glucoz c tnh cht ca anhit v ancol a chc . 1) Tnh cht ca ancol a chc(poliancol) a/ Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 : to dd phc ng mu xanh lamC6H12O6 + Cu(OH)2 (C6H11O6)2Cu + 2H2O Phc ng glucoz b/ phn ng to este: khi tc dng vi anhydric axtic ,to este cha 5 gc axtat C6H7O ( O C O C H3)5 2) Tnh cht ca anhit: a) Oxiho glucoz: phn ng trng bcCH2OH[CHOH]4CHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2 OH 0 t CH2OH[CHOH]4COONH4 + 2Ag+ + 3NH3 + H2O Amnigluconat Ngoi ra glucoz cn cho c phn ng kh Cu(II) thnh Cu(I) to kt ta gch , lm mt mu ddbrmb) Kh glucoz : tc dng vi H2 to thnh poli ancol l sobitol CH2[CHOH]4CHO + H2 to Ni , CH2OH[CHOH]4CH2OH 3) Phn ng ln men: to thnh ancol v kh CO2 C6H12O6+ enzim 2C2H5OH+ 2CO2|4) Tnh cht ring ca dng vng : Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC19 -Khi phn ng xy ra nhm OH C1 chuyn thnh OCH3 ,dng vng khng th chuyn thnh mch h Hot ng 5 Xem SGK bit tnh cht ca fructoz FructozGlucozSo snh tnh chtha hc ca glucz v fructoz. Hot ng 6: Cng c : Lm cc bi tp 5,6,7,8 SGK OHOHHOHOOOH Hc sinh ncu SGK v tr li cu hi + CH3OH khan HCl ,OHOCH3 HOHOOOH +H2O IV/ IU CH : 1) iu ch : Trong cng nghip glucoz c iu ch t thu phn tinh bt hoc xenluloz(C6H10O5 )n+n H2O + 0 ,t H nC6H12O6

2) ng dng:Xem SGK V/ NG PHN CA GLUCOZ L FRUCTOZ: Fructoz dng mch h l mt polihydrxi xetonCTCT l:CH2OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CO-CH2OH Hoc vit l : CH2OH[CHOH]3COCH2OHTn ti ch yu vng5 cnh OHHHOCH2OH2CH2OHHO HOH13456 Dng glucoz -Fructoz cho c phn ng vi : Cu(OH)2 to dd mu xanh lam- Tc dng vi hydr to poliancol . -Fructoz khng cho phn ng trng gng k thng ,khi un nng trong mi trng baz th phn ng v kh cCu(OH)2 thnh Cu2O mu gch 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c, lm bi tp v xem trc bi mi. IV. Rt kinh nghim b sung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC20 Tit : Bi 6: SACCAROZ I/ MUC CH YEU CAU: 1))Kien thc can ban: Hoc sinh biet: - Cau truc phan t Saccaroz. Hoc sinh hieu: - Cac nhom chc cha trong phan t Saccaroz va mantoz. - Cac p hoa hoc ac trng cua chung. 2)Ky nang - Ren luyen cho HS phng phap t duy khoa hoc, t cau tao cua cac hp chat hu c phc tap - Thc hanh th nghiem. - Giai cac bai tap ve saccaroz va mantoz. 3)Thai o nhan thc: Ren luyen tnh can than, long yeu thch mon hoa va phng phap hoc tap co hieu qua. II/ CHUN B: - Dung cu: Coc thuy tinh, ua thuy tinh, en con, ong nho giot. - Hoa chat: dd CuSO4, dd NaOH, saccaroz, kh CO2. - Hnh ve phong to cau tao dang vong cua saccaroz va mantoz. - S o san xuat ng saccaroz trong cong nghiep. HOAT ONG TREN LP: 1.n nh lp 2.Kiem tra bai cu: phn bit CTCT ca glucoz v fructoz ,t lin quan n tnh cht ho hc ,c nhng phn ng no xy ra ? Vit ptp : tnh kh v tnh oxiho . 3.Noi dung bai giang : TGHot ng Ca ThyHot ng Ca TrNi Dung Hot ng 1 HS quan st mu ng kinh trng ,tm hiu SGK bit tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin ca saccarz ? Hot ng 2 Hng dn HS lm cc th nghim , kt lun cc nhm chc c trong saccaroz -mutrng kt tinh ,c v ngt ,d tan trong nc . - Tin hnh th nghim CM trong phn t c nhiu nhm OH dd chuyn thnh mu xanh lam I/ TNH CHT VT L V TRNG THI T NHIN : - Saccarz : l cht kt tinh , khng mu c v ngt , d tan trong nc , nng chy +1850 -C nh +C trng thi t nhin : + ng knh chnh l saccaroz dng tinh th nh. II/ CU TRC PHN T : CTPT : C12H22O11 , cu trc saccaroz da theo cac d kin sau : * Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 to dd mu xanh lam saccaroz c nhiu nhm OH . * Khng cho phn ng trng bc , khng p vi dd brm . * Thu phn sacaroz thu c glucoz v fructozNnphn t sacaroz c xc nh gm gc -glucoz v gc - fructoz Lin kt glicozit gia nguyn t O ca C1 glucoz v C2 ca fructoz (C1-O-C2)Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC21 -gio vin yu cu hc sinh d an tnh cht ha hc ca saccaroz v vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Hot ng 3 -Hy tm tc v vit qu trnh xy ra ,trong qu trnh sx ng ma ? Hot ng 4 -HS xem SGK bit c cu to, v tnh cht ca mantoz . Hc sinh suy on v ncu SGK v vit phng trnh. -c th vit ptp xy ra ,to thnh ng tinh khit C12H22O11+ Ca(OH)2 C12H22O11.CaO.2H2O CaO + CO2 CaCO3 +Sau cho SO2 vo ty mu -HS nhc li tnh cht ho hc ca glucoz CH2OHHOHOH HCH2OHHOHHOCH2 HHO HO1 456OHHOOHH23123456 -glucoz - fructoz II/ TNH CHT HO HC : -Saccaroz khng cho phn ng kh ,cho phn ng ancol a chc , phn ng thu phn . 1) Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 : 2 C12H22O11 + Cu(OH)2 (C12H21O11)2

+2H2O 2) Phn ng thu phn : C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6

Glucoz fructoz IV/ NG DNG V SN XUT NG SACCAROZ : 1) ng Dng : -s dng trong cng ngh thc phm ,nc gii khc ,dc phm ... 2) Sn xut ng saccaroz: Cy ma +p Nc ma (12-15%) ng ++ vi sa lc b tp cht Dd ng c ln hp cht ca canxi + + CO2 lc b CaCO3 DD ng c mu++ SO2 ty mu DD ng khng mu + c c kt tinh ,lc ng knh Nc r ng

Ru

V/ NG PHN CA SACCAROZ L MANTOZ: Mantoz dng tinh th CH2OHHOH HHHOHHOH12 3

56OHHOHOHH1O356O44CH2OHHHOH LK -1,4-glicozit Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC22 -Do c c im cu to nhtrn ,nn mantoz c tnh cht ho hc ntn? Hot ng 5: Cng c :Lm cc bi tp 1,2,3,4,5,6 trong SGK Hc sinh so snh im ging v khc nhau v cu to ca sacaroz v mantoz v d an tnh cht ha hc ca chng. Hc sinh tho lun lm bi tp CH2OHHOH HHHOHHOH12 3

56OHOHHCH=OOH356O44CH2OHHHOH Mantoz dng dd -Trong phn t mantoz gm 2 gc glucoz lk vi nhau C1 ca gc -glucoz v C4 ca gc -glucoz kia qua 1 nguyn t O gi l lk glicozit- Trong dd gc -glucoz c mantoz c th m vng to ra nhm CH=O *Tnh cht c mantoz:c 3 tnh cht . -Tnh cht poli ancol : t/dng Cu(OH)2to thnh dd mu xanh lam . -Tnh kh ging glucoz ,kh [Ag(NH3)2OH v Cu(OH)2 khi un nng-Thu phn khi c mt cht xc tc hoc enzim amilaza (c trong mm la ) p ny cng xy ra trong c th ngi v ng vt to ra 2 phn t glucoz . 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c, lm bi tp v xem trc bi mi. IV. Rt kinh nghim b sung TitBi 7 : TINH BT I/MUC CH YEU CAU: 1)Kien thc can ban: Hoc sinh biet: - Cau truc phan t va tnh chat cua tinh bot. Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC23 - S chuyen hoa va tao thanh tinh bot. Hoc sinh hieu: Tnh chat hoa hoc ac trng cua tinh bot. 2)Ky nang, ky xao: - Viet cau truc cua tinh bot.- Nhan biet tinh bot. - Giai bai tap ve tinh bot. 3)Thai o nhan thc: Ren luyen tnh can than, long yeu thch mon hoa va phng phap hoc tap co hieu qua. II/ CHUN B: - Dung cu: ong nghiem, dao, ong nho giot. - Hoa chat: tinh bot ( san, khoai), dd I2. - Cac hnh ve phong to ve cau truc tinh bot va cac tranh anh co lien quan en bai giang. III /HOAT ONG TREN LP: 1/ n nh lp 2/Kiem tra bai cu:1/ Cho bit tnh ch1t ho hc ca glucoz ? vit ptp xy ra ? 2/ vit ctct ng phn ca glucoz l mantoz ,ss tnh cht ho hc ca chng ?3/Noi dung bai giang : TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung Hoat ong 1: ChoHSquansatmautinhbot. YeucauHSchobietcact/c vatlyvatrangthaithien nhien. Hoat ong 2: Yeu cau HS cho biet cau truc phan t tinh bot va ac iem lien ket gia cac mat xch - Glucoz trong phan t tinh bot. -Linhthctccem bit c tinh bt c : HSquansatmautinh botvanghiencu SGKvatraliyeu cau cua GV. HS nghien cu SGK va tra li. I. Tnhchatvatlyvatrang thai thien nhien: -Tinhbotlachatranvonh hnh,mautrang,ko tantrongnc nguoi. -Trongncnongt650Ctr len,tinhbotchuyenthanhdd keo(HTB). - Tinh bot co nhieu trong cac loai ngucoc,cu(khoai,san),qua (tao, chuoi). II/ Cau truc phan t: CTPT: (C6H10O5)n. Tinhbotlahhcua2loai polisaccarit( amiloz va amilopectin): +Amilozcomachxoanloxo khong phan nhanh. + Amilopectin co mach xoan lo xophan nhanh. -Trongphantamiloz,lienket gia cacmat xch -Glucozc tao ra gia cac nguyen t C1 mat xchnayvinguyentC4mat xch kia qua cau oxi. OCH2OHHOH HHHOHH12 3

56OCH2OHHOHHHOHH1356OCH2OHHOOH HHHOH12 356OHO4 4O4-Phantamilopectincautaobi motsomachamiloz,cacmach nay c tao ra gia cac nguyen t C1 mat xch nay vi nguyen t C6 mat xch kia. Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC24 Hoat ong 3: - Neu hien tng khi un nong ddTinhbotviaxitvoc loanghoacnhaikycm.Viet ptp. -Chobietsotomtatqua trnhthuyphantinhbotnh enzim. GV bieu dien th nghiem: - Cho dd I2 p dd ho tinhbot nhiet o thng, un nong va e nguoi. -ChoddI2lenmatcatcu khoailang.YeucauHSneu h.tng. - GV nhan manh:p dung nhan biet tinh bot. Hoat ong 4: -GVyeucauHSchobietqua trnhchuyenhoatinhbottrong c the ngi -GVnhanxetketquatra licuaHSvagiaithchcac giaioanchnhcuaquatrnh chuyen hoa. Hoat ong 5: - Yeu cau HS neu tom tat QT taothanhtinhbottrongcay xanh va viet ptp. -GVphantchynghacua p.trnh tong hp tinh bot. Hoat ong 6:Cung co bai: HSlambaitap2,3,4 SGK/20.HSlamthembaitap nhan biet cac chat sau: gluczo, saccaroz, tinh bot. HSquansatthnghiem va neu hien tng. HS nghien cu SGK va tra li. HSneutomtatqua trnhtaothanhtinhbot trongcayxanhvaviet ptp. OCH2OHHOH HHHOHH12 3

56OCH2OHHOHHHOHH1356OCH2HOOH HHHOH12 35O44O4O6HTnh chat hoa hoc: 1. Phan ng thuy phan: a.Thuy phan nh xuc tac axit: (C6H10O5)n+ nH2O +t H , nC6H10O6 b.Thuy phan nh enzim: Tinh bot extrinMantoz GlucozH2OH2OH2O- ami laza - amilazamantaza 2. Phan ng mau vi dd Iot: Ket luan: - Tinhbot b thuy phannh xuc tacaxit(hoacenzim)chosan pham cuoi cung la Glucoz. - Cho dd I2 vao dd ho tinh bot thay xuat hien mau xanh lam. II.S chuyen hoa t.bot trong c the: Khianvao,tbotlientucb thuyphanchospcuoicungla glucoz.Taicacmocuatebao, nhenzim,glucozboxhcham thanhCO2vaH2O,GPNLchoc the hoat ong. III. Staothanhtinhbottrong cay xanh: PTHH n gian cua qua trnh tong hp TB trong cay xanh: 6nCO2 + 5nH2O(C6H10O5)n +6nO2 anh sang MTClorophin 4.Dn d : IV. Rtkinh nghim ,b sung Tit Bi 8 : XENLULOZ I /MUC CH YEU CAU: 1/Kien thc can ban: Hoc sinh biet: Cau truc phan t cua xenluloz. Hoc sinh hieu: Tnh chat hoa hoc ac trng va ng dung cua xenluloz. 2/Ky nang : Phan tch va nhan dang cau truc phan t xenluloz. Quan sat, phan tch cac hien tng th nghiem, viet ptp. Giai cac bai tap ve xenluloz. 3/Thai o nhan thc: Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC25 Ren luyen tnh can than, long yeu thch mon hoa va phng phap hoc tap co hieu qua. II/ O DUNG DAY HOC: Dung cu: coc thuy tinh, ong nghiem, diem an toan, ong nho giot. Hoa chat: xenluloz( bong), cac dd: AgNO3, NH3, NaOH, H2SO4, HNO3. Cac tranh anh co lien quan en bai hoc. III/HOAT ONG TREN LP: 1.n nh lp 2.Kiem tra bai cu: trnh by cu to ca tinh bt v tnh cht ha hc ca n. 3.Noi dung bai giang : TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung Hoat ong 1: ChoHSquansatmau xenluloz (bong thamnc). YeucauHSchobiettnh chatvatlyvatrangthai thien nhien cua xenluloz. Hoat ong 2: YeucauHSchobietcau truc phan t xenluloz. Neu nhngaciemchnhve cautaophantcua xenluloz.Sosanhvicau tao phan t tinh bot. Hoat ong 3: GV bieu dien th nghiem p thuyphanxenluloztheo cac bc: +ChobongvaoddH2SO4 70% +Trunghoaddthuc bang dd NaOH 10%. + Cho dd thuc tac dung vi dd AgNO3/NH3, un nhe. YeucauHSchobietcac hientngthuc.Giai thch va viet cac ptp. GVlienhevoicachien tngthcte.VD:trau, bo nhai lai Hoat ong 4: Cho HS tm hieu SGK. GVbieudienTNpeste hoaxenluloztheotrnht HS quan sat mau xenluloz vatmhieuSGKetra li. HSnghiencuSGKva tra li. HSquansatGVbieu dienthnghiem,neu cac hien tng thu c. Giaithchvavietcac ptp. -Vit ptp xy ra I. Tnhchatvatlyva trangthai thien nhien: -Xenlulozlachatrankettinhhnh si,mautrang,khongmui,khong v,khongtantrongncvatrong dung moi hu c thong thng. - Xenluloz la thanh phan chnh tao ra lpmangtebaothcvat,bo khungcuacay.Xenlulozconhieu trongcaybong,ay,gai,tre,na, go II. Cau truc phan t: -Xenlulozlamotpolimehpthanh t cacmat xch - Glucoz bicac lien ket -(1,4)- glicozit. nOCH2OHHOH HH OHH12 3

564OH - Moi mat xch C6H10O5 co 3 nhom -OHtdo.Congthccuaxenluloz la: C6H7O2(OH)3

n. II.Tnh chat hoa hoc: 1.Phan ng thuy phan: Trongddaxitunnong,xenlulozb thuy phan cho glucoz. (C6H10O5)+nH2O ) (enzim axitn C6H12O6 2.Phan ng cua ancol a chc: a. PvincSvayde:tantrongdd [Cu[NH3]4(OH), Khng tc dng vi Cu(OH)2

b. P este hoa: Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC26 sau: +Chovaoo.nghiemlan lt: - 4 ml dd HNO3 ac. - 8 ml dd H2SO4 ac, nguoi -1nhumbongvaun cach thuy. +Laysanphamep,say kho. Yeu cau HS: -Nhanxetmausaccua san pham thu c.-Neuhientngkhiot chay san pham. - Giai thch nguyen nhan th nghiem. Viet ptp. -Chobietsanphamcua p khi cho xenluloz tac dung vi anhidrit axetic. Hoat ong 5: Cho HS lien he thc te cho bietcac.dungcua xenluloz. Hoat ong 6: Cung co bai: HS lam cac bai tap 3, 4, 5 SGK. HS tm hieu SGK HSquansatGVbieu dienthnghiem,neu cac hien tng thu c. Giaithchvavietcac ptp.Chobietsanphamcua pkhichoxenluloztac dung vi anhidrit axetic. HSlienhethcteva tmhieuSGKchobiet cacngdungcua xenluloz. [C6H7O2(OCOCH3]n + 3nHNO3 - Khi tac dungvihh (HNO3, H2SO4) achoacanhidritaxetic,xenlulozcho san pham la este. -Cacsanphamthuccothe dungchetaothuoc,thuocno khong khoi hoac t III. ng dung: Xenlulozconhieungdungquan trongtrongsanxuatvatrongi songnh:sanxuatgiay,t,si, ru etylic 4. Dn d: IV. Rt king nghim ,b sung TitBi 9 : LUYN TPCU TRC V TNH CHT CA MT S CACBOHYDRAT TIU BIU I / MC TIU BI: I. MUC TIEU BAI HOC 1. Ve kien thc + Biet ac iem cau truc phan t cua cac hp chat cacbohidrat tieu bieu. + Hieu moi lien quan gia cau truc phan t va tnh chat hoa hoc cua cac hp chat cacbohidrat tieu bieu. + Hieu moi lien he gia cac hp chat cacbohidrat tren. 2. Ve k nang + Lap bang tong ket chng. + Giai cac bai toan ve cacbohidrat. II. CHUAN B + HS lam bang tong ket chng theo mau thong nhat. + HS chuan b cac bai tap trong SGK va SBT. + GV hng dan HS theo ke hoach luyen tap. III. HOAT ONG DAY VA HOC 1. Kiem tra bai cu: (Ket hp trong qua trnh luyen tap) 2. Bai mi TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC27 H1 - Goi 3 hs len bang:- Sa cha cho hs ghi vao bang tong ket co san va neu nhng iem ve cau truc phan t hs can lu y. Viet cau truc phan t cua - monosaccarit. - disaccarit. - polisaccarit. Neu ac iem cau tao cua cac hp chat nay. Ket luan : SGK I. KIEN THC CAN NH 1. Cau truc phan t: bang 1 Ket luan:- Cac hp chat cacbohidrat eu co cau truc phan t mach vong, nguyen nhan do co s ket hp cua nhom OH vi nhom C=O cua nhom chc andehit hoac xeton. - Glucoz, mantoz co cha nhom OH hemiaxetal. H2GV yeu cau HS cho biet: - Nhng hp chat nao co p trang bac ? Tai sao ? - Nhng hp chat nao p vi CH3OH/HCl ? Tai sao ? - Nhng hp chat nao co tnh chat cua ancol a chc ? P nao ac trng nhat ? - Hp chat nao co p thuy phan ? - Hp chat nao co p mau vi dung dch I2 ? - HS tra li vao cac phieu hoc tap cho san (SGK). + Glucoz, fructoz, mantoz con co: * Co p vi H2. * Co p vi [Ag(NH3)2OH]. * Co nhom OH hemiaxetal va hemixetal tac dung vi CH3OH/HCl tao ete. + Chung eu hoa tan Cu(OH)2 (tr tinh bot) co nhieu nhom OH ke nhau. + Cac isaccarit, polisaccarit eu co p thuy phan. + Ch co tinh bot p mau vi dd I2 cho mau xanh tm. 2. Tnh chat hoa hoc: phieu hoc tap Ket luan: + Glucoz, fructoz, mantoz con nhom OH hemiaxetal, khi m vong tao ra nhom CH=O, do o: - Co p vi AgNO3/NH3. - Co p vi H2. - Tac dung vi CH3OH/HCl tao ete. + Dung dch glucoz, fructoz, mantoz, saccaroz co p hoa tan ket tua Cu(OH)2 do co nhieu nhom OH v tr lien ke. + Cac isaccarit, polisaccarit eu b thuy phan trong moi trng H+ tao ra san pham cuoi cung co cha glucoz. + Tinh bot tac dung vi dd I2 cho mau xanh tm. H3Hng dan hs lam BT trong SGK va BT bo sung. Hoat ong 4 : Cung co bai II. BAI TAP - BT : SGK. - BT bo sung : i t cac hp chat tieu bieu glucoz, fructoz, mantoz, saccaroz, tinh bot, xenluloz hay neu s o tong hp ra etanol. - BT nha: HS lam BT 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 SGK. Nhng van e can bo sung : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .Bang 1: MonosaccaritisaccaritPolisaccarit Chat MucGlucozFructozSaccarozMantozTinh botXenluloz CTPT Cau truc phan t Tnh chat hoa hoc 1. Tnh chat andehit 2. Tnh chat cua OH Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC28 hemiaxetal. 3. Tnh chat ancol a chc 4. P thuy phan 5. P mau Phieu hoc tap : GlucozFructozSaccarozMantozTinh botXenluloz Ag(NH3)2OH CH3OH/HCl Cu(OH)2 (CH3CO)2O HNO3/H2SO4 H2O/H+ 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c, lm bi tp v xem trc bi mi. IV. Rt kinh nghim b sung Tit Bai 10 :Bai thc hanh 1 IEU CHE ESTE VA MOT SO TNH CHAT CUA CACBOHIDRAT I. MUC TIEU BAI HOC 2. Kien thc can ban: Cung co kien thc ve ieu che este va motso tnh chat hoa hoc cua glucoz, saccaroz, tinh bot. 3. Ky nang, ky xao: Ren luyen ky nang tien hanh th nghiem lng nho cac hoa chat trong ong nghiem. Lam c mot so th nghiem n gian ve ieu che este va tnh chat cua cacbohidrat. 4. Thai o nhan thc: Renluyentnhcanthan,longyeuthchmonhoahocvaphngphaphoctapcohieu qua. II. CHUAN B: 1.Dung cu th nghiem: 2. Hoa chat: - Ong nghiem: 6- Dung dch NaOH 10%- Ancol etylic.- Coc thuy tinh 100 ml: 1- Dung dch CuSO4 5%- Axit axetic. - Cap ong nghiem go: 1- Dung dch glucoz 1% - H2SO4 ac. - en con: 1- Axit sunfuric 10% - dd NaCl bao hoa.- Ong hut nho giot: 1- Natri hidrocacbonat ( tinh the ) - Tha xuc hoa chat: 2- Tinh bot ( dd 2% ) - Gia e ong nghiem: 1- Dung dch Iot 0,05% III. HOAT ONG THC HANH: TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung H1 Cong viec au buoi thc hanh - Chia nhom thc hanh. Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC29 - Neu muc tieu, yeu cau cua tiet thc hanh va nhan manh nhng iem can lu y trong khi tien hanh th nghiem. - Hng dn HS phng php s dng ng nh git ly v nh ha cht mt cch thnh tho, chnh xc. - thc hin thnh cng TN 2, saccaroz phi tinh khit, khng cn glucoz, fructoz v SO2 trong qu trnh sn xut. H2- Theo doi va giup HS lam TN khi can thiet. - Tien hanh TN nh SGK. - Quan sat hien tng va giai thch. TN 1: iu ch Etyl axetat - Nh vo ng nghim 5 git C2H5OH, 5 git CH3COOH nguyn cht v 1 git H2SO4 c. Lc u, ng thi un nng cch thy 5 -6 pht trong nc nng 65 -700C. - Lm lnh hn hp bng cch nhng ng nghim vo cc nc lnh ri nh thm vo 10 git dd NaCl bo ha. H3- Theo doi va giup HS lam TN khi can thiet. - Tien hanh TN nh SGK. - Quan sat hien tng va giai thch. TN2: P ca glucoz vi Cu(OH)2. - Cho vo ng nghim 3 git dd CuSO4 5% v 6 git NaOH 10%. Lc nh c kt ta Cu(OH)2, gn b phn dd. - Cho thm vo ng nghim chng 10 git dd glucoz 1%, lc nh. - un nng hn hp n si, ngui. H4- Theo doi va giup HS lam TN khi can thiet. - Lu HS chia Cu(OH)2 lm 2 phn lm TN tip theo. - Tien hanh TN nh SGK. - Quan sat hien tng va giai thch. TN3: Tnh cht ca saccaroz. - Nh 8 git dd CuSO4 5% vo ng nghim(1) cha 8 git dd NaOH 10%. Lc u c kt ta Cu(OH)2, gn b kt ta. Chia lm 2. - Nh 8 git dd saccaroz 1% vo ng nghim cha Cu(OH)2. - Nh 3 git H2SO4 10% vo ng nghim c cha 10 git dd saccaroz. un nng dd trong 2 3 pht. ngui, cho t t NaHCO3 (tinh th) vo v khuy bng a thy tinh n kh ngng thot ra kh CO2. Rt dd vo ng nghim ng Cu(OH)2, lc u cho Cu(OH)2 tan ra. un nng.H5- Lu : tinh bt chn. - Tien hanh TN nh SGK. - Quan sat hien tng va giai thch. TN4: P ca h tinh bt vi iot. - Cho vo ng nghim 2 ml dd h tinh bt 2% ri thm vi git dd iot 0,05%, lc nh. un nng dd c mu trn ri ngui. Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC30 Hoat ong 6 : Cong viec cuoi buoi thc hanh - Nhan xet, anh gia buoi thc hanh. - HS thu don dung cu, hoa chat, ve sinh phong TN va viet tng trnh theo mau. BANG TNG TRNH TH NGHIEM 1.Ho ten hoc sinh: 2.Ten bai thc hanh so .: 3.Noi dung tng trnh: Ten th nghiemCach tien hanhHien tngGiai thch va ptp Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC31 Tit Bai 11 : AMIN I. MUC CH YEU CAU: 1.Kien thc can ban: Hoc sinh biet: Cac loai amin, danh phap cua amin. Hoc sinh hieu: Cau tao phan t, tnh chat, ng dung va ieu che amin. 2.Ky nang: Nhan dang cac hp chat cua amin. Goi ten theo danh phap IUPAC cac hp chat cua amin. Viet chnh xac cac PTHH cua amin. Quan sat, phan tch cac th nghiem chng minh. 3.Thai o nhan thc: Ren luyen tnh can than, long yeu thch mon hoa va phng phap hoc tap co hieu qua. II. Chun b Dung cu: ong nghiem, ua thuy tinh, ong nho giot. Hoa chat: cac dung dch: CH3NH2. HCl. Anilin, nc Brom. Mo hnh phan t anilin, cac tranh ve, hnh anh co lien quan en bai hoc. III.Tin trnh ln lp: 1. n nh lp 2.Kiem tra bai cu: 3.Noi dung bai giang : TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung Hoat ong 1: GV viet CTCT cua NH3 va 4 amin khac nhau, yeu cau HS nghien cu ky va cho biet moi lien quan gia cau tao cua NH3 va cac amin.Neu nh ngha tong quat ve amin. GV sa lai nh ngha cho ung. Yeu cau HS cho biet cac cach phan loai amin. Cho VD. Hoat ong 2: GV yeu cau HS da vao bang 2.1 SGK/30 cho biet: Quy luat goi ten amin theo danh phap goc- chc Quy luat goi ten amin theo HS quan sat CTCT cua NH3 va 4 amin khac nhau va tra li cau hoi theo yeu cau cua GV. Qua cac VD va nghien cu ky SGK, HS neu 2 cach phan loai amin: theo goc hidrocacbon va bac cua amin. VD: amin bac 1: CH3CH2CH2NH2 Amin bac 2: CH3CH2NHCH3. Amin bac 3:(CH3)3 N. Theo danh phap goc- chc: ank + v tr+ yl + amin. Theo danh phap thay the: Ankan+ v tr+ amin. I. nh ngha, phan loai, danh phap va ong phan: 1. nh ngha: Amin la nhng hp chat hu c c cau thanh bang cach thay the mot hay nhieu nguyen t hidro trong phan t amoniac bi mot hay nhieu goc hidrocacbon. VD: NH3,C6H5NH2, CH3NH2,N CH3CH3CH3CH3CH2NH CH3, 2. Phan loai: 2 cach: a. Cach 1: Theo loai goc hidrocacbon: gom: Amin thm: C6H5NH2 Amin mach h: CH3CH2CH2NH2 b. Cach 2: Theo bac cua amin: Bac 1: CH3CH2CH2NH2 Bac 2: CH3CH2NHCH3. Bac 3: (CH3)3 N. Bac cua amin c qui nh theoso nguyen t hidro trong phan t NH3 b thay the bi so goc hidrocacbon. 3. Danh phap: Theo danh phap goc- chc: ank + v tr+ yl + amin. Theo danh phap thay the: Ankan+ v tr+ amin. Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC32 danh phap thay the. GV cho VD, yeu cau HS goi ten. Hoat ong 3: GV gii thieu: Amin co cac loai ong phan:ong phan ve mach cacbon, v tr nhom chc, bac cua amin. Hng dan HS viet cac ong phan cua C4H11N. Yeu cau HS goi ten. Hoat ong 4: Yeu cau HS cho biet cac tnh chat vat ly ac trng cua amin, tieu bieu laanilin. Tit 2 Hoat ong 5: Yeu cau HS cho biet CTCT chung cua amin mach h bac 1. VD. GV phan tch ac iem cau tao cua anilin, yeu cau HS cho biet anilin co nhng t/c hoa hoc g? GV bieu dien th nghiem p cua CH3NH2 vi qu tm am va dd HCl. Yeu cau HS neu cac hien tng xay ra va viet PTHH. GV giai thch:Goc ankyl (R-) ay e lam tang mat o ien t tren nittnh baz tang Goc phenyl (C6H5-) hut e lam giam mat o ien t tren nittnh baz giam Cho HS nghien cu SGK va neu hien tng xayra khi cho etylamin t/d vi axit nitr ( NaNO2 + HCl) Viet PTHH. Cho HS nghien cu SGK va cho biet san pham thu c khi cho amin bac 1 tac dung vi ankyl halogenua. Viet HS viet cac ong phan cua C4H11N. Goi ten. HS nghien cu ky SGK va tra li. CTCT chung cua amin mach h bac 1 laR-NH2

VD CH3NH2 Anilin the hien tnh chat cua nhom amino nh: tnh baz, p vi axit nitr, p ankyl hoa va pthe vao nhan thm. HS quan sat th nghiem neu cac hien tng xay ra va viet PTHH. HS nghien cu SGK va neu hien tng: co kh bay ra va dd co mui thm cua ru. C2H5NH2 + HONO C2H5OH + N2 | + H2O. HS nghien cu SGK va tra li. C6H5NH2 + CH3I C6H5NHCH3 + HI Ten thong thng ch ap dung oi vi mot so amin. 4. ong phan: Amin co cac loai ong phan: ong phan ve mach cacbon. ong phan v tr nhom chc. ong phan ve bac cua amin. II.Tnh chat vat ly: Metyl-, imetyl-, trimetyl- va etylamin la nhng chat kh mui kho chu, oc, de tan trong nc. Cac amin ong ang cao hn la chat long hoac ran. Anilin la chat long, nhiet o soi la 1840C, khong mau, rat oc, t tan trong nc, tan trong ru va benzen. III. Cau tao va tnh chat hoa hoc: 1. Tnh chat cua nhom - NH2: a. Tnh baz: - Cac amin mach h co kha nang lam qu tm hoa xanh hoac lam phenoltalein khong mau hoa hong. - Anilin co tnh baz nhng khong lam qu tm hoa xanh, khong lam hoa hong phenoltalein. -Tac dung vi axit: CH3NH2 + HCl [CH3NH3]+Cl- MetylaminMetylamoni clorua Th t tnh baz cua: NH2..CH3 NH2 > NH3 > b. P vi axit nitr: C2H5NH2 + HONO C2H5OH + N2 | + H2O. C6H5NH2+HONO+HCl C C0 05 0 C6H5N2+Cl- + 2H2O. Phenyliazoni clorua c. P ankyl hoa thay the nguyen t hidro cua nhom NH2: Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC33 PTHH. GV rut ra ket luan chung. Tit 3 GV bieu dien th nghiem p cua anilin vi nc brom. Yeu cau HS neu hien tng.GV hng dan HS viet ptp. GV lu y: P nay dung nhan biet anilin.

Hoat ong 6: Yeu cau HS cho biet ng dung cua cac hp chat amin. Yeu cau HS cho biet: Phng phap ieu che ankylamin. VD Phng phap ieu che anilin. Viet PTHH. Hoat ong 7:Cung co HS quan sat th nghiem neu cac hien tng xay ra va viet PTHH. HS nghien cu SGK va tra li. Hc sinh tho lun nhm v lm bi tp SGK C6H5-NHH..+ CH3 - I C6H5 -NCH3H+HIAnilinMetyl ioua N- metylanilin Ket luan: - Cac amin mach h bac 1 va anilin eu co cap electron t do tren nguyen t nit cua nhom NH2, do o chung co tnh baz. - Tnh chat cua nhom NH2: Tac dung vi axit tao muoi. Tnh baz: NH2..CH3 NH2 > NH3 > Amin no bac 1 + HNO2 ROH + N2 | + H2O. Amin thm bac 1 tac dung HNO2 tao thanh muoi iazoni. Amin bac 1 tac dung vi ankyl halogenua tao thanh amin bac 2. 2. Phan ng the nhan thm cua anilin: Do anh hng cua nhom NH2, nguyen t Br de dang thay the cac nguyen t H v tr 2, 4, 6 trong nhan thm cua phan t anilin. NH2NH2BrBr + 3HBrtrang H2O+ 3Br2Br 2, 4, 6- tribromanilin P nay dung nhan biet anilin. IV. ng dung va ieu che: 1. ng dung: - Cac ankylamin dung trong tong hp hu c, ac biet la iamin. - Anilin la nguyen lieu quan trong trong cong nghiep pham nhuom(azo), cao phan t (nha anilin fomandehit), dc pham (streptoxit, sunfaguaniin). 2. ieu che: a. Ankylamin: t amoniac va ankyl halogenua: +CH3I + CH3I+ CH3I- HI - HI- HINH3 CH3NH2

(CH3)2NH (CH3)3N b. Anilin: kh nitro benzen bi hidro mi sinh ( Fe + HCl): Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC34 bai: HS lam bai tap 1 2, 3, 4, 7SGK/34. C6H5NO2+ 6H C6H5NH2 + 2H2OFe+HClt0 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c, lm bi tp v xem trc bi mi. IV. Rt kinh nghim b sung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC35 Tit Bai 12 : AMINOAXIT I. MUC CH YEU CAU: 1.Kien thc can ban: Hoc sinh biet: ng dung va vai tro cua amino axit. Hoc sinh hieu: Cau truc phan t va tnh chat hoa hoc c ban cua amino axit 2.Ky nang,Nhan dang, goi ten cac amino axit Viet chnh xac cac PTHH cua amino axit. Quan sat, giai thch cac th nghiem chng minh. 3.Thai o nhan thc: Ren luyen tnh can than, long yeu thch mon hoa va phng phap hoc tap co hieu qua. II. Chun b- Dung cu: ong nghiem, ong nho giot. - Hoa chat: dd glyxin 10%, NaOH 10%, CH3COOH tinh khiet. - Cac hnh ve, tranh anh co lien quan en bai hoc. III. HOAT ONG TREN LP: 1.n nh lp 2.Kiem tra bai cu: hc sinh gii thch tnh baz v tnh kh ca amin vit phng trnh chng minh ? 3.Noi dung bai giang : TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung Hoat ong 1: GVyeucauHSchobietac iemcautaocuacachp chataminoaxit.NeuCTTQve amino axit. Neu nh ngha tong quat ve amino axit. GVyeucauHSdavaocau taovanghiencuSGK-Cho biett/ccuacacnhomchc trong amino axit.-Doancactngtachoa hoccothexayratrongpt amino axit.-Vietcbdanglngccva dang pt cua amino axit.- /n iem ang ien. GVyeucauHSchobietqui luat goi ten oi vi amino axit theo:TenthaythevaTenban he thong. GVyeucauHSgoitencac amino axit sau: HOOC CHNH2CH2COOHCH3CCH3CH3CHNH2COOH Hoat ong 2: Yeu cau HS cho biet t/cvat l cua cac amino axit. Hoat ong 3: cung co bai HSnghiencuSGKva tra li: AminoaxitlaHCHCtap chcmaptchaong thinhomcacbonyl(- COOH) va amino (-NH2). HS:Trongphant,2nhomCOOHvaNH2cotnh chatngcnhau,tngtac nhauchoionlngcc, namdangcanbang vi dang phan t HS:Tenthaythe:Axit+ VTNH2+amino+tenaxit tng ng. Tenbanhethong:Axit+ VTNH2(o,|,,o)+amino+ ten axit tng ng. HS goi ten:Axit-2-amino-3,3-dimetylbutanoic. Axit-2-aminobutan-1,4-dioic HSnghiencuSGKtra li: -Aminoaxitlanhngchat ran dang tinh thekhong mau, v hi ngot. - t0 nong chay rat cao. - De tan trong nc. I.nh ngha, cau truc, danh phap: 1.nh ngha: Amino axit la loai hp chat hu c tap chcmaphantchaongthi nhom cacbonyl(-COOH) va amino(-NH2). VD: R CHNH2COOH 2.Cau truc: Trongphant,2nhomCOOHvaNH2 co tnhchat ngc nhau, tng tac nhauchoionlngcc,namdang can bang vi dang phan t CH3CHNH2COOHCH3CHNH3COO+_Dang phan t Dang lng ccVD: 3.Danh phap: Ten thay the: Axit+VTNH2+amino+tenaxit tng ng. Ten ban he thong:Axit+VTNH2(o,|,,o,c,e)+amino+ ten axit tng ng. ( Bang phu:Ten mot so amino axit) II. Tnh chat vat l: -Lanhngchatrandangtinhthe khong mau, v hi ngot. - Nhiet o nong chay rat cao. - De tan trong nc. Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC36 GVchoHSlamBT1SGK/39 vaBT:Vietongphancua cachpchataminoaxitco CTPT la C4H7NO4. Goi ten cac hp chat o. Tit 2 Hoat ong 4: GV bieudien th nghiem: nho 1giotddglyxintrengiayqu, neuhientngvagiaithch. Vietptpgiaglyxinvidd HCl va dd NaOH. YeucauHSvietpestehoa giaglyxinvietanol, xuc tac axit vo c manh. GVbieudienthnghiemp giaglyxinviaxitnitr,yeu cau HS: -Quansat,neuhientng xay ra -Chobietnguyennhancua hien tng tren. Viet PTHH GV neu ket luan. Yeu cau HS: -Chobietieukienvecau taoecacaminoaxitcop trung ngng. -Vietptrungngngcuaaxit c-aminocaproic. -Chobietaciemcuap trung ngng. Hoat ong 5: GVyeucauHSneunhng ng dung cua cac amino axit. Hoat ong 6: Cung co bai: HS lam cac bai tap 2,3,4,5,6 SGK /39. HSquansatvaneuhien tng: qu khong oi mau. H2N-CH2-COOH + HCl H3N-CH2-COOH.Cl-H2N-CH2-COOH+ NaOHH2N-CH2-COONa + H2O+ HS viet ptp: H2N CH2COOH + C2H5OH Kh HClH2N CH2COOC2H5 + H2O HSquansat,neuhien tng: co bot kh bay ra. Nguyennhan:HNO2(t NaNO2+CH3COOH)pvi nhom NH2 giai phong N2. Ptp: H2N-CH2-COOH+HNO2 HO-CH2-COOH+N2|+ H2O HS nghien cu SGK: ieukien:trongptphai cot2nhomchctr len. HS viet ptp. aciem:nhom OHcua COOH pt axit nay ket hpviHcuanhomNH2ptaxitkiathanh H2O va sinh ra polime. HSnghiencuSGKva neu ng dung: -Aminoaxitthennhienla cskientaoproteincua c the song. -Motsoaminoaxitc dungphobientrongi songvasanxuatnh:sx mchnh(botngot),thuoc bothankinh,chetao nilon-6, nilon-7 III. Tnh chat hoa hoc: 1. Tnh chat lng tnh: P vi ca axit manh va baz manh +HoacH2N CH2COOH + HCl H3N CH2COOH.Cl_

+H3N CH2COO_ + HCl H3N CH2COOH.Cl_

+H2N CH2COOH + NaOHH2N CH2COONa + H2OH2N CH2COONa + H2O H3N CH2COO_ + NaOH +Hoac 2.Phanngestehoacuanhom COOH. H2N CH2COOH + C2H5OH Kh HClH2N CH2COOC2H5 + H2O 3.PhanngcuanhomNH2vi HNO2: H2N-CH2-COOH+HNO2HO-CH2-COOH + N2 |+ H2O Ket luan: -AminoaxitcochanhomCOOH nen co t/c hoa hoc cua axit cacboxylic Tac dung baz manh Tac dung vi ancol (p este hoa). -AminoaxitcochanhomNH2nen co t/c hoa hoc cua amin: tac dungvi axit nitr (HNO2) Vay: amino axitva tac dung axitva t/d bazco tnh lng tnh. 4.Phan ng trung ngng: H2N-[CH2]5-C-OH ( NH-[CH2]5CO )n + nH2OOt0Poli caproamit (nilon-6)ieu kien: trong pt phai co t 2 nhom chc tr len. aciem:nhomOHcuaCOOH ptaxitnaykethpviHcua nhomNH2ptaxitkiathanhH2O va sinh ra polime. IV. ng dung: -Aminoaxitthennhienlacskien tao protein cua c the song. -Motsoaminoaxitcdungpho bientrongisongvasanxuatnh: sxmchnh(botngot),thuocbothan kinh, che tao nilon-6, nilon-7 Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC37 Ten mot so amino axit Cong thc Ten thay the Ten ban he thong Ten thng Viet tat CH2COOHNH2CH COOH CH3NH2CH COOH CH CH3CH3NH2HOOC-[CH2]2-CH COOHNH2 Axit aminoetanoic Axit 2-aminopropanoic Axit 2-amino-3-metylbutanoic Axit 2-amino-pentan-1,5-dioc Axit aminoaxetic Axit o-aminopropanoic Axit o -aminoisovaleric Axit o -aminoglutaric Glyxin hay Glycocol Alanin Valin Axit Glutamic Gly Ala Val Glu 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c, lm bi tp v xem trc bi mi. IV. Rt kinh nghim b sung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC38 Tit Bai 13 :PEPTIT VA PROTEIN I. MUC CH YEU CAU: 1.Kien thc can ban: Hoc sinh biet: Khai niem ve peptit, protein, enzim, axit nucleic va vai tro cua chung trong cuoc song. Cau truc phan t va tnh chat c ban cua protein. Hoc sinh hieu: 2.Ky nang Goi ten peptit. Phan biet cau truc bac mot va cau truc bac hai cua protein. Viet cac PTHH cua protein. Quan sat th nghiem chng minh. 3.Thai o nhan thc: Ren luyen tnh can than, long yeu thch mon hoa va phng phap hoc tap co hieu qua. II. Chun b: - Dung cu: ong nghiem, ong hut hoa chat. - Hoa chat: dd CuSO4 2%, NaOH 30%, long trang trng. - Cac hnh ve, tranh anh co lien quan en bai hoc. III. HOAT ONG TREN LP: 1. n nh lp 2.Kiem tra bai cu:vit cu to ca amino axt c tn thng thng l alaninm, vit phng trnh chng minh n th hin tnh lng tnh v tham gia phn ng trng ngng. 3.Noi dung bai giang : TGHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca TrNi Dung Hoat ong 1: Yeu cau HS cho biet khi nim peptit. GV cho 1 VD ve mach peptit. Yeu cau HS ch ra lien ket peptit. Cho biet nguyen nhan hnh thanh mach peptit tren. Yeu cau HS cho biet: Cach phan loai peptit. Khi so phan t amino axit tao ra peptit tang len th quy luat tao ra cac ong phan peptit nh the nao.Ng.nhan cua quy luat o. Quy luat goi ten mach peptit. Goi ten cac VD rong SGK. GV cho them VD, yeu cau HS goi ten. Gio vin cho hc sinh ncu SGK v nu tnh cht ha hc ca peptit HS nghien cu SKG va neu khi nim HS nghien cu SKG va tra li. Hc sinh ncu v nu cc tnh cht ha hc ca peptit gm : hpn ng thy phn v phn ng mu biur A. Pp tt I.Khi nim , phn loi, ng phn,danh php 1. khi nim: -lin kt peptit l lin kt ca nhm CO v NH c hnh thnh t 2 n v-amino axit. Nhom CO-NH- c goi la lien ket peptit. - Peptt l hp cht hu c cha t 2 n 50 gc-amino axit lin kt vi nhau bng lin ktpeptit. 2.Phan loai: Tuy theo so lng n v amino axit, chia ra: ipeptit, tripeptit va polipeptit. Khi so phan t amino axit tao ra peptit tang len n lan th so lng ong phan tang nhanh theo giai tha cua n ( n!). 3.Ten goi: ten cua peptit: ghep ten cua cac goc axyl, bat au t amino axit au N v kt thc l amino axit u C . II. Tnh cht ha hc ca peptit 1. Phan ng thuy phan -Thuyphanencungpeptit hon hp cac o- amino axit.H2N-CH-CO-NH-CH-COOH R1Rn + (n-1)H2O + -H (OH ) H2N-CH-COOH +..+H2N-CH-COOHTrng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC39 Yeu cau HS cho biet khi nim ve protein va phan loai. Hoat ong 2: GV treo hnh anh phong to cau truc phan t protein cho HS quan sat, so sanh vi hnh ve trong SGK. Yeu cau HS cho biet so bac cau truc va ac iem cua cau truc bac mot. Hoat ong 3: Yeu cau HS neu nhng tnh chat vat ly ac trng cua cua protein. Hoat ong 4: cung co: HS lam cac bai tap 1,2,3 a,b SKG / 48. Tit 2 Hoat ong 5: Yeu cau HS: Cho biet quy luat cua p thuy phan protein trong moi trng axit, baz hoac nh xuc tac enzim. Viet PTHH thuy phan mach peptit trong phan t protein co cha 3 amino axit khac nhau. GV bieu dien th nghiem: nho vai giot HNO3 ac vao ong nghiem ng dd long trang trng ( anbumin).Yeu cau HS neu hien tng xay ra trong th nghiem, cho biet nguyen nhan cua p. GV bieu dien th nghiem: Cho vao ong nghiem lan lt: 4 ml dd long trang trng. 1 ml dd NaOH 30%. 1 giot dd CuSO4 2%. Yeu cau HS neu hien tng va cho biet nguyen nhan cua p. Hoat ong 6:Yeu cau HS cho biet: HS nghien cu SKG va tra li. HS quan sathnh ve nghien cu SKG va tra li. HS nghien cu SKG va tra li. HS nghien cu SKG va tra li. HS quan sat th nghiem neu hien tng: co ket tua mau vang. Nguyen nhan: san pham la nhom NO2 co mau vang. HS quan sat th nghiem neu hien tng: xuat hien mau tm xanh. Nguyen nhan cua p: Cu(OH)2 p vi 2 nhom peptit ( -CO-NH-) cho san pham co mau tm. HS nghien cu SKG va tra li. R1 Rn b. Phan ng mau biure. Peptit+ NaOH + Cu(OH)2 hpchat phc mau tm(tr i peptit) B.PRTIN 1.Khi nim: Prtin l l poli peptit cao phn t c phn t khi t vi chc nghn n vi triu n v. Protein c chia lam 2 loai: protein n gian va protein phc tap. I.S lc ve cau truc phan t protein: Co 4 bac cau truc cua protein. Cau truc bac I la trnh t sap xep cac n v o- amino axit trong mach protein. II.Tnh chat cua protein: 1. Tnh chat vat ly: Dang ton tai: 2 dang chnh la dang si va dang hnh cau. Tnh tan cua protein khac nhau: protein hnh si khong tan trong nc, protein hnh cau tan trong nc. S ong tu: khi un nong,hoac cho axit hay baz hay mot so muoi vao dd protein, protein se ong tu lai, tach ra khoi dung dch. 2. Tnh chat hoa hoc: a. Phan ng thuy phan: Khi un nong vi dd axit, baz hoac nh xuc tac enzim , protein b thuy phan thanh hh cac o- amino axit. ...-NH - CH - CO- NH- CH - CO - NH - CH - CO...+ nH2O R1R2R3+ H2N - CH - COOH + ...R3H+, tohay enzim... H2N - CH - COOHR1+ H2N - CH - COOHR2 b. Phan ng mau: Phan ng vi HNO3 ac: tao +vang OH +2 HNO3OH+2 H2ONO2NO2 vang Phan ng vi Cu(OH)2: tao san pham co mau tm xanh. III. Khai niem ve enzim va axit nucleic: 1. Enzim: Enzim la nhng chat hau het co ban chat protein, co kha nang xuc tac cho cac qua trnh hoa hoc, ac biet trong c the sinh vat goi la xuc tac Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC40 nh ngha ve enzim. Cac ac iem ve enzim. Yeu cau HS cho biet: ac iem chnh cua axit nucleic. S khac nhau gia phan t ADN va ARN. Hoat ong 7:Cung co bai: HS lam cac bai tap 4, 5, 6 SGK / 48. HS nghien cu SKG va tra li. sinh hoc. Xuc tac enzim co 2 ac iem: Co tnh chon loc cao, moi enzim ch xuc tac cho mot s chuyen hoa nhat nh. Toc o p nh xuctac enzim rat ln, gap 109 1011 toc o p nh xuctac hoa hoc. 2. Axit nucleic ( AN ): Axit nucleic la polieste cua axit photphoric va pentoz ( monosaccarit co 5C), moi pentoz co mot nhom the la baz nit. Neu pentoz la riboz: axit ARN. Neu pentoz la eoxi riboz: axit ADN. Khoi lng AND t 4 8 trieu vC, thng ton tai dang xoan n. 4.Dn d: hc sinh v nh hc bi c , lm bi tp SGK IV. Rt king nghim ,b sung Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC41 Tit Bai 14 :LUYEN TAP CAU TAO VA TNH CHAT CUA AMIN, AMONI AXIT, PROTEIN I. MUC TIEU BAI HOC 1. Ve kien thc Nam c tong quat ve cau tao va tnh chat hoa hoc c ban cua amin, amino axit, protein. 2. Ve k nang + Lam bang tong ket ve hp chat trong chng. + Viet cac PTHH di dang tong quat cho cac loai hp chat : amin, amino axit, protein. + Giai cac bai tap ve phan amin, amino axit, protein. II. CHUAN B GV yeu cau HS on tap toan bo chng va lam tong ket theo mau quy nh cua GV. III. HOAT ONG DAY VA HOC 1. Kiem tra bai cu ( Ket hp trong qua trnh luyen tap) 2. Bai mi TGNi DungHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca Tr H1 I. KIEN THC CAN NH 1. Cau tao phan t R NH2R CH COOH Amin amino axitNH2 H2N CH CO ... NH CH COOH R1Rn Peptit - Hay cho biet CTCT chung cua amin, amino axit, protein va ac iem cau tao cua chung.

- Tra li va ien vao bang trong chuan b trc. H22. Tnh chat a) Tnh chat cua nhom NH2 - Tnh baz: R NH2 + H2O [R NH3]+OH Tac dung vi axit cho muoi: R NH2 + HCl [R NH3]+Cl - Tac dung vi HNO2: + Amin beo bac Itao thanh ancol: R NH2 + HONO 00 5 C R OH +. N2 + H2O + Amin thm bac I: ArNH2 + HNO2 + HCl 00 5 C . ArN2+Cl- + 2H2O - Tac dung vi dan xuat halogen: R NH2 + CH3I R NH CH3 + HI b) Amin axit co tnh chat nhom COOH - Tnh axit: RCH(NH2)COOH + NaOH . RCH(NH2)COONa + H2O - P este hoa: RCH(NH2)COOH + R/ OHHClRCH(NH2)COOR/ + H2O c) P gia nhom COOH va nhom NH2 - Tao muoi noi (ion lng cc): H2N CH COOHH3N+ - CH COO R R - P trung ngng cua cac - va - - Hay cho biet tnh chat hoa hoc cua amin, amino axit, protein. - Nguyen nhan gay ra PHH cua amin, amino axit, protein. - So sanh tnh chat hoa hoc cua amin va amino axit. - Cho biet tnh chat hoa hoc giong nhau gia anilin va protein. Nguyen nhan. - Amin co tnh baz. - Amino axit co tnh chat cua nhom NH2 va nhom COOH, cho p trung ngng. - Protein co tnh chat cua nhom chc peptitCO-NH- cho p thuy phan. Ngoai ra con co p mau vi HNO3 ac va Cu(OH)2. Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC42 amino axit tao poliamit : nH2N [CH2]5 COOH 0t -(- NH [CH2]5 CO -)-n + nH2O d) Protein co p cua nhom peptit CO-NH - P thuy phan: H2N-CH- CO-NH-CH-CO-NH-CH-CO- R1R2 R3 -NH-CH-COOH + (n 1)H2O 0,.H thay enzim+ Rn H2N-CH- COOH + H2N-CH-COOH + R1 R2

H2N-CH-COOH + + H2N-CH-COOH R3Rn - P mu: Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 cho dd mu tm. e) Anilin co p the de dang 3 nguyen t H cua vong benzen NH2NH2BrBr + 3HBrtrang H2O+ 3Br2Br H3II. BAI TAPHng dan HS lam BT- SGK: 1,2,3,4,5,6 Cung co va dan do : Tiet sau lam bai TH so 2. HS chuan b trc noi dung cua bai TH. Nhng van e can bo sung : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TitBai 15 :Bai thc hanh 2 MOT SO TNH CHAT CUA AMIN, AMINO AXIT VA PROTEIN I. MUC TIEU BAI HOC : + Cung co kien thc ve motso tnh chat hoa hoc cua amin, amino axit va protein. + Tiep tuc va ren luyen ky nang tien hanh th nghiem lng nho cac hoa chat trong ong nghiem, quan sat va giai thch cac hien tng. II. CHUAN B: cho 1 nhom th nghiem. 2.Dung cu th nghiem: 2. Hoa chat: - Ong nghiem: 5- Dung dch Anilin bao hoa.- Dung dch protein. - Coc thuy tinh 100 ml: 2- Dung dch CuSO4 5% va 2%.- Dung dch NaOH 30% - Bo gia thc hanh th nghiem :1- Nc brom bao hoa. - Ong hut nho giot: 4- Dung dch glyxin 2%. Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC43 - Gia e ong nghiem: 1- Dung dch quy tm. III. HOAT ONG THC HANH: TGNi DungHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca Tr H1Cong viec au buoi thc hanh - Chia nhom thc hanh. - Neu muc tieu, yeu cau cua tiet thc hanh va nhan manh nhng iem can lu y trong khi tien hanh th nghiem. - Cac TN ve p cua glyxin vi chat ch th va p mau cua protein, h.dan HS dung ong hut nho giot e lay h/ chat va thc hien p lng nho tren hom s cua gia TN thc hanh

H2TN 1: P brom hoa anilin Cho vao ong nghiem 0,5 ml dd anilin bao hoa va 1 ml nc brom bao hoa, lac eu. Quan sat hien tng, giai thch va viet pthh - Theo doi va giup HS lam TN khi can thiet. - Tien hanh TN nh SGK. - Quan sat hien tng va giai thch. H3TN2: P cua glyxin vi chat ch th Cho 1 ml dd glyxin 2% vao ong nghiem, nho tiep vao 2 giot dd quy tm (hoac nhung giay quy tm vao dd glyxin 2%). Quan sat va giai thch. - Theo doi va giup HS lam TN khi can thiet. - Tien hanh TN nh SGK. - Quan sat hien tng va giai thch. H4TN3: P mau cua protein vi Cu(OH)2. Cho vao ong nghiem 1 ml dd protein (long trang trng), 1 ml dd NaOH 30% va 1 giot dd CuSO4 2%, lac eu. Quan sat mau cua dd va giai thch. - Theo doi va giup HS lam TN khi can thiet. - Tien hanh TN nh SGK. - Quan sat hien tng va giai thch. Hoat ong 5 : Cong viec cuoi buoi thc hanh - Nhan xet, anh gia buoi thc hanh. - HS thu don dung cu, hoa chat, ve sinh phong TN va viet tng trnh theo mau. BANG TNG TRNH TH NGHIEM Ho ten hoc sinh:Ten bai thc hanh so : 4.Noi dung tng trnh: Ten th nghiemCach tien hanhHien tngGiai thch va ptp Chng 4 : POLIME VA VAT LIEU POLIME A/Muc Tieu: 1) Kien thc: Biet c : -Cac khai niem chung ve polime (nh ngha, phan loai, cau truc, tnh chat). -Khai niem ve cac loai vat lieu: chat deo, cao su, t, si va keo dan. -Thanh phan tnh chat va ng dung cua chung. Hieu c : Phan ng trung hp, phan ng trung ngng va nhan dang c monome e tong hp polime 2) K nang: -Phan biet khai niem chat deo, t tong hp va t nhan tao, aco su thien nhien, cao su tong hp, keo dan tong hp. -Viet PTHH phan ng trung hp va phan ng trung ngng e tao ra cac polime 3) Thai o: Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC44 Thay c tam quan trong cua cac polime trong i song va san xuat, phng phap tong hp ra chung, hng thu tm hieu nhng noi dung cua chng nay. Tit Bai 16 :AI CNG VE POLIME A/Muc Tieu: 1) Kien thc: Biet c : -Biet c khai niem chung ve polime :nh ngha, phan loai, cau truc, tnh chat. Hieu c : -Hieu phan ng trung hp, trung ngng va nhan dang c polime e tong hp c polime. 2) K nang: -phan loai, goi ten cac polime. -So sang phan ng trung hp vi phan ng trung ngng, -Viet phng trnh phan ng tong hp ra cac polime. B/Chun b: -Nhng bang tong ket s o, hnh ve lien quan en tiet hoc. -He thong cau hoi cua bai. C/Cac bc len lp: -On nh trat t: -Kiem tra bai cu ( ket hp giang bai mi) -Vao bai mi TGNi DungHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca Tr I- Khai niem, phan loai va danh phap:1. Khai niem: polime la nhng hp chat co phan t rat do nhieu n v nho(goi la mac xch)lien ket vi nhau. Vd:thiennhien:caosuthien nhien, 2. Phan loai: - Theo nguon goc : * Polime thien nhien : cao su thien nhien, xenluloz. * Polime tong hp : polietilen, nha phenol-fomandehit * Polime ban tong hp : xenluloz trinitrat, ..- Theo cach tong hp : * Polime trung hp* Polime trung ngng I- Khai niem, phan loai va danh phap:1. Khai niem: Hoat ong 1: GV: Em hay tm hieu SGK va cho biet the nao la polime? H:Emnaochomotvai v du ve polime ? 2. Phan loai: GV: Cac em hay nghien cu SGK va cho biet cach phan loai polime? GV:Hngdanhocsinh k hn - Polime nao thuoc polimethiennhien,polime tong hp ? - Cac mac xch lien ket vi nhau thanh chuoi dai khongconhanh(trong tngmacxchcothe hoac khong co nhanh). - Tren nhng mach polimeconhanhcungdo cac mac xch tao nen. - Gia cac chuoi polime conhngcaunoiben I- Khai niem , phan loai va danh phap:1. Khai niem:HS:- polime la nhng hp chat co phan t rat do nhieu n v nho(goi la mac xch)lien ket vi nhau. Vd:thiennhien:caosuthien nhien,2. Phan loai: cao su thien nhien, xenluloz. Polime: Tonghp:caosu Buna, PE, PVC. Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC45 3. Danh phap: Ten cua cac polime c cau tao bang cach ghep t poli trc ten monome POLI+TEN CUA MONOME Neu ten monome gom 2 t tr len hoac t hai monome tao nen polime th ten monome pai e trong ngoac n. II- Cau truc cua polime: 1.Cacdangcautruccua polime : -Cacpolimecothenoivi nhauthanhmachkhongnhanh nh amiloz -Noivinhauthanhmachco nhanh nh amilopectin, glicogen -Mangkhonggiannhnha bakelit, cao su lu hoa 2.Cautrucieuhoava khong ieu hoa: - Neu cac mat xch trong mach polime noi vi nhau theo mot trat t nhat nh, chang han theo kieu au noi vi uoi ngi ta noi polime co cau tao ieu hoa. - Neu cac mat xch trong mach polime noi vi nhau khongtheo mot trat t nhat nh, chang han cho theo kieu au noi vi uoi cho th theo kieu au noi vi au ngi ta noi polime co cau tao khong ieu hoa. III- Tnh chat cua polime : 1. Tnh chat vatl : -Cacpolimelanhngchat ran,khongbayhi,t0ncco khoang kha rong. -asopolimekhongtantrong cac dung moi thong thng. -Nhieupolimecotnhdeo(PE, PVC)cotnhanhoi(cao su), cach nhiet, cach ien(PE, PVC..). vng. Vd khac: nha phenol fomanehit. 3. Danh phap: GV:emhaynghiencu SGK va cho biet cach goi ten cac polime. II- Cau truc cua polime: Hoat ong 2: GV:YeucauHSnghien cu SGK va cho biet : -Polimecothenoivi nhauthanhcacdang mach nao? Hoat ong 3: GV:YeucauHSnghien cu SGK va cho biet : -aciemcautaoieu hoa cua polime. -aciemcautao khongieuhoacua polime. H: cac em hay cho them vai v du ngoai SGK? Hoat ong 4: III- Tnh chat cua polime : 1. Tnh chat vatl : -KhongbayhidoKLPT ln va lc lien ket gia cac phan t ln. -Domotpolimelahon hpnhieuphantco KLPT khac nhau. Motsodungmoithch hpcothehoatanmot 3. Danh phap: HS:NghiencuSGKvacho biet cach goi ten cac polime. POLI+TENCUA MONOME II- Cau truc cua polime: 1.Cacdangcautruccua polime : Cac polime thien nhien va tong hp co the co 3 dang cau truc c ban: - Dang mach thang :VD: PE, PVC, xenluloz - Dang phan nhanh:VD: amilopectin cua tinh bot - Dang mang li khong gian: VD: Cao suluhoa (cacmach thang trong cao su lu hoa gan vinhaubinhngcaunoi isunfua SS). 2.Cautrucieuhoava khong ieu hoa: - Cac mat xch trong mach polime noi vi nhau theo mot trat t nhat nh th noi polime co cau tao ieu hoa. - Cac mat xch trong mach polime noi vi nhau khong theo mot trat t nhat nh th noi polime co cau taokhong ieu hoa. III- Tnh chat cua polime : 1. Tnh chat vatl : -Cacpolimelanhngchat ran,khongbayhi,t0ncco khoang kha rong. -asopolimekhongtantrong cac dung moi thong thng. -Nhieupolimecotnhdeo (PE,PVC)cotnhanhoi (caosu),cachnhiet,cach ien(PE, PVC..). 2. Tnh chat hoa hoc : a) Cac phan ng gi nguyen machpolime:olaphan Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC46 2. Tnh chat hoa hoc : a)Cacphanngginguyen machpolime:olaphan ngthevacongvaomach polime. Vd: polime co lien ket oi tham giaphanngcong:caosutham giaphanngcongH2,Cl2, HCl b) Cac p phan cat mach polime : o la phan ng thuy phan. VD:Tinhbot,xenluloz.B thuy phan trong dd axit. c) Cac phan ng khau mach polime : Vd: khi lu hoa cao su, cac chuoi polime cao su lien ket vi nhau bang cau noi isunfua IV- ieu chepolime : 2pp. 1. Phan ng trung hp: Phan ng trung hp la qua trnh cong lien hp lien tiep nhieu phan t nho (monome) giong nhau hay tng t nhau thanh phan t ln (polime). VD: nCH2=CH xt p to, ,(CH2CH)n || Cl Cl PVC nCH2=CHCH=CH2

nCH=CH2 xt p to, ,stiren| C6H5 (CH2CH=CHCH2CHCH2)n | cao su buna SC6H5. 2. Phan ng trung ngng: Phan ng trung ngng la qua trnhconghplientiepnhieu phantnhothanhphant lnongthitaoranhng phan t nho (H2O0 so polime. Vd: cao su song tan trong benzen. 2. Tnh chat hoa hoc : GV:YeucauHSnghien cu SGK va cho biet : -aciemcuapgi nguyen mach C. GV:YeucauHSnghien cu SGK va cho biet : -aciemcuapcat mach cua polime. VDkhac:Protit,poliest, len,tnilonbthuyphan bi axit hoac kiem. GV:YeucauHSnghien cu SGK va cho biet : -aciemcuapkhau mach cua polime. Hoat ong 5: GV:Emhaychobiet phanngnaocothe ieuchecpolimet monome?(Hs) Nhvay,ieukienve cautaomonomethamgia phanngtrunghpla phai co noi oi. Phanngtrungngng hoacxayragia2loai monome co cautao khac nhau,hoactcungmot loai monome. Nh vay, ieu kien canve cautao monome tham ngthevacongvao mach polime. Vd:polimecolienketoi thamgiaphanngcong:cao su tham gia phan ng cong H2, Cl2, HCl b) Cac p phan cat mach polime : o la phan ng thuy phan. VD:Tinhbot,xenluloz.B thuy phan trong dd axit. c)Cacphanngkhau mach polime : Vd: khi lu hoa cao su, cac chuoi polime cao su lien ket vi nhau bang cau noi isunfua IV- ieu chepolime : 2pp. 1. Phan ng trung hp: Phan ng trung hp la qua trnh cong lien hp lien tiep nhieu phan t nho (monome) giong nhau hay tng t nhau thanh phan t ln (polime). VD: nCH2=CH xt p to, ,(CH2CH)n || Cl Cl PVC nCH2=CHCH=CH2

nCH=CH2 xt p to, ,stiren| C6H5 (CH2CH=CHCH2CHCH2)n | cao su buna SC6H5. 2. Phan ng trung ngng: Phanngtrungngngla quatrnhconghplientiep nhieuphantnhothanh phantlnongthitao ranhngphantnho (H2O0 VD: nHNHCH2COOH 0t

axit aminoaxetic Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC47 VD: nHNHCH2COOH 0t axit aminoaxetic (NHCH2C)n+ nH2O

Phenol +fomanehit +H nha phenol fomanehit +H2Ogia phan ng trung ngng la phai co t 2 nhom chc tr len trong phan t . (NHCH2C)n+nH2O

Phenol+fomanehit +H nha phenol fomanehit +H2OHoat ong 6: Cung co kien thc: -Phng phap ieu che Polime -Hay cho biet cong thc cau tao cac polime : PE; PVC; PP; PVA. -Tnh chat cac polime? - Viet phan ng tao : Cao su Buna-S; Cao su Buna-N; Thuy tinh hu c. Tit Bai 17: VAT LIEU POLIME A/Muc Tieu: 1) Kien thc: Biet c : -Biet khai niem ve cac vat lieu: chat deo, cao su, t, si va keo dan. -Biet thanh phan, tnh chat, ng dung cua chung. 2) K nang: -So sanh cac vat lieu. -Viet phng trnh phan ng hoa hoc tong hp ra cac vat lieu tren. -Giai cac vat bai tap ve vat lieu polime. B/Chun b: -Chuan b cac vat lieu polime: chat deo, cao su, t, si va keo dan. -Cac tranh anh , hnh ve, t lieu, lien quan en bai hoc. -He thong cau hoi cua bai. C/Cac bc len lp: - On nh trat t: - Kiem tra bai cu ( ket hp giang bai mi) - Vao bai mi TGNi DungHot ng Ca Thy Hot ng Ca Tr I- CHAT DEO: 1- nh ngha: - Tnh deo la nhng vat the b biendangkhichutacdung nhietovaapsuatvavan gi nguyen s bien dang o khi thoi tac dung. Chatdeolanhngvatlieu polime co tnh deo VD: PE, PVC, Cao su buna ... Hoat ong 1: GV: yeu cau: - HS nghien cu SGK cho biet nh ngha chat deo. - HS cho biet tnh deo la g? I- CHAT DEO: 1- Khai niem: -Tnhdeolanhngvatthe b bien dang khi chu tac dung nhiet o va ap suat va van ginguyensbiendango khi thoi tac dung. Chatdeolanhngvatlieu polime co tnh deo. VD: PE, PVC, Cao su buna ... - Thanh phan chat deo: 1-Polimecban:(Polimethien nhien hoac polime tong hp) 2-Chathoadeo:Nhamtang cng tnh deo. 3- Chat on: tiet kiem chat deo 4-Chatphu:Chatmau,chat chong oxy hoa, chat diet trung HS:Tm hieu SGK va cho biet thanh phan cua chat deo va nhng thanh phan phu them cua chat deo. - Thanh phan chat deo: 1-Polimecban:(Polimethien nhien hoac polime tong hp) 2-Chathoadeo:Nhamtang cng tnh deo. 3-Chaton:tietkiemchat deo 4-Chatphu:Chatmau,chat Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC48 chongoxyhoa,chatdiet trung 2 - Mot so hp chat polime dung lam chat deo: a) Polietilen (PE)-Tnhchatvatly:Chatran mautrangkhongdanien, khongdannhiet,khongtham nc, kh. - ieu che:nCH2 = CH2 (-CH2 - CH2 -)n -Tnhchat:GiongHidrocacbon no - ng dung: Lam day boc ien, ao ma . b) Polivinylclorua (PVC)-Tnhchatvatly:Chatbot mau trang vo nh hnh. - ieu che: nCH2 = CH (-CH2 - CH -)n Cl Cl -ngdung:Chetaodanhan tao,lamcacodungbang nha nh: ong dan nc ... c) Polimetyl meta crylat (Thuy tinh hu c) -Tnhchatvatly:Lachatran khong mau, trong suot, ben. - ieu che CH3

nCH2 = C - COOCH3

COOCH3 (-CH2-C-)n CH3 -ngdung:Lamknhpale, vien vong. d) Nha phenol fomandehit: - Nha novolac : un nong hon hp fomandehit va phenol d vi xuc tac axit c nha novolac ( mach khong phan nhanh). CT xem SGK. La chat ran, de nong chay, de tan trong mot so dung moi hu c. Dung e san xuat sn, vecni. - Nha rezol: un nong hon hp fomandehit va phenol theo t le 1,2:1 vi xuc tac kem c GV:GoiHSTBvietphng trnhieuchePE.Yeucau HSkhanhanxetcautao varutranhanxetvetnh chatcuaPEbenhaykhong ben. Cach xay dng tng tnh tren (Luy:Cacphngtrnh phanngphaidoHSt viet) GV:GoiHSTBvietphng trnhieuchePVC.Yeu cauHSkhanhanxetcau taovarutranhanxetve tnhchatcuaPVCbenhay khong ben. GV:GoiHSTBvietphng trnhieuchePolimetylmeta crylat.YeucauHSkha nhan xet cau tao va rut ra nhanxetvetnhchatcua Polimetylmetacrylatbenhay khong ben. GV:GoiHSTBvietphng trnhieucheNhaphenol fomandehit.YeucauHS khanhanxetcautaova rut ra nhan xet ve tnh chat cuaNhaphenol fomandehitbenhaykhong ben 2 - Mot so hp chat polime dung lam chat deo: a) Polietilen (PE)-Tnhchatvatly:Chatran mautrangkhongdanien, khong dannhiet, khong tham nc, kh. - ieu che:nCH2 = CH2 (-CH2 - CH2 -)n -T/chat:GiongHidrocacbon no -ngdung:Lamdayboc ien, ao ma . b) Polivinylclorua (PVC)-Tnhchatvatly:Chatbot mau trang vo nh hnh. - ieu che:nCH2 = CH (-CH2 - CH -)n

Cl Cl -ngdung:Chetaodanhan tao,lamcacodungbang nha nh: ong dan nc ... c) Polimetyl meta crylat (Thuy tinh hu c) -Tnhchatvatly:Lachat rankhongmau,trongsuot, ben. - ieu che CH3 nCH2 = C - COOCH3

COOCH3 (-CH2-C-)n CH3 -ngdung:Lamknhpale, vien vong. d) Nha phenol fomandehit: - Nha novolac : un nong hon hp fomandehit va phenol d vi xuc tac axit c nha novolac ( mach khong phan nhanh). CT xem SGK. La chat ran, de nong chay, de tan trong mot so dung moi hu c. Dung e san xuat sn, vecni. - Nha rezol: un nong hon Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC49 nha rezol ( mach khong phan nhanh). CT xem SGK. La chat ran, de nong chay, de tan trong mot so dung moi hu c. Dung e san xuat sn, keo va nha rezit. - Nha rezit : khi un nong rezol 150oC thu c nha co cau truc mang li khong gian goi la nha rezit.( bakelit) Nha rezit khong nong chay, khong tan nhieu trong dung moi hu c. 3)Khai niem vat lieu compozit: - Khi tron polime vi chat on thu c vat lieu mi co o ben, o chu nhiet . . . tang len so vi polime thanh phan, o la vat lieu compozit Vat lieu compozit la vat lieu gom polime lam nha nen to hp vi cac vat lieu vo c va hu c khac. - Thanh phan : chat nen la polime va chat on, ngoai ra con co cac phu gia khac. GV:HSnghiencuSGK chobietvatlieucompozit la g? hp fomandehit va phenol theo t le 1,2:1 vi xuc tac kem c nha rezol ( mach khong phan nhanh). CT xem SGK. La chat ran, de nong chay, de tan trong mot so dung moi hu c. Dung e san xuat sn, keo va nha rezit. - Nha rezit : khi un nong rezol 150oC thu c nha co cau truc mang li khong gian goi la nha rezit.( bakelit) Nha rezit khong nong chay, khong tan nhieu trong dung moi hu c. 3)Khainiemvatlieu compozit: - Khi tron polime vi chat on thu c vat lieu mi co o ben, o chu nhiet . . . tang len so vi polime thanh phan, o la vat lieu compozit Vat lieu compozit la vat lieu gom polime lam nha nen to hp vi cac vat lieu vo c va hu c khac. - Thanh phan : chat nen la polime va chat on, ngoai ra con co cac phu gia khac. II.TTONGHPVAT NHAN TAO: 1- Khai niem : Tlanhngpolimehnhsidai va manh vi o bennhat nh 2.Phan loai: a) T t nhien: T tam, si, bong, len b)Thoahoc:ieuchet phan ng hoa hoc. -Tnhantao:Tvatlieuco santrongtnhienvachebien bang phng phap hoa hoc. VD: Xenluoz. -Ttonghp:Tcacpolime tong hp 3-Vai loai t tong hp thng gap:Phan t co cha nhom amit - NH - C -

O a- T nilon: nH2N - (CH2)6 - NH2 + Hoat ong 2: GV : yeu cau-HS:LayVDmotsovat lieu bang t GV thong bao GV hng dan hoc sinh viet phng trnh phan ng II.TTONGHPVAT NHAN TAO: 1- Khai niem : Tlanhngpolimehnhsi daivamanhvio bennhat nh 2.Phan loai: a) T t nhien: T tam, si, bong, len b)Thoahoc:ieuchet phan ng hoa hoc. -Tnhantao:Tvatlieu co san trong t nhien va che bienbangphngphaphoa hoc. VD: Xenluoz. - T tong hp: T cac polime tong hp 3-Vai loai t tong hp thng gap:Phan t co cha nhom amit - NH - C -O a- T nilon: nH2N - (CH2)6 - NH2 + Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC50 HOOC(CH2)4COOH Hexametylen diamin axitadipic (-HN(CH2)6NH-C-(CH2)4-C-) + 2nH2O O O Nilon 6.6 b- T lapsan: Thuocloaipoliestectong hptaxitterephtalicva etylenticol.Tratbenvematc hoc,axit,kiem.Dunglamdet vai may mac. c- T nitron: Thuoc loai t vinylic tong hp t vinyl-xianuanengoila poliacrylonitrin. Tnitronbenvinhietgi nhiettotcdungemay quan ao am, ben thanh si len. GVvietphanngtaot nilon .6 HOOC(CH2)4COOH Hexametylendiamin axitadipic (-HN(CH2)6NH-C-(CH2)4-C-)n+ nH2O OO Nilon 6.6 b- T lapsan: Thuocloaipoliestec tonghptaxitterephtalicva etylenticol.Tratbenvemat choc,axit,kiem.Dunglam det vai may mac. c- T nitron: Thuocloaitvinylictonghp tvinyl-xianuanengoila poliacrylonitrin. Tnitronbenvinhietgi nhiettotcdungemay quanaoam,benthanhsi len III-CAOSUTHIENNHIEN VACAOSUTONG HP: 1. Khai niem:Cao su la loai vat lieu polime co tnh an hoi 2. Cao su thien nhien: Cao su thien nhien lay t mu cua cay cao su a. Cau truc : SGK b. Tnh chat va ng dung: Cao su thien nhien co tnh an hoi, khong dan nhiet va ien, khong tham kh va nc, khong tan trong nc, etanol nhng tan trong xang va benzen. Cao su lu hoa co tnh an hoi, chu nhiet, lau mon, kho tan trong dung moi hn cao su khong lu hoa 3. Cao su tong hp: Cao su tong hp la loai vat lieu polime tng t cao su thien nhien, thng dc ieu che t cac ankadien bang phan ng trung hp a. Cao su buna: Cao su buna chnh la polivutadien tong hp bang p trung hp buta-1,3-ien co mat Na. Cao su buna co tnh an hoi va o ben kem cao su thien nhien. b. Cao su isopren: Khi trung hp isopren co he xuc Hoat ong 3: GV:thong bao va lien he thc te cho HS thay ro GV:yeu cau HS xem SGK va cho biet cac loai cao su tong hp III- CAO SU THIEN NHIEN VACAOSUTONG HP: 1. nh ngha:Cao su la loai vat lieu polime co tnh an hoi 2. Cao su thien nhien: Cao su thien nhien lay t mu cua cay cao su a. Cau truc : SGK b. Tnh chat va ng dung: Cao su thien nhien co tnh an hoi, khong dan nhiet va ien, khong tham kh va nc, khong tan trong nc, etanol nhng tan trong xang va benzen. Cao su lu hoa co tnh an hoi, chu nhiet, lau mon, kho tan trong dung moi hn cao su khong lu hoa 3. Cao su tong hp: Cao su tong hp la loai vat lieu polime tng t cao su thien nhien, thng dc ieu che t cac ankadien bang phan ng trung hp a. Cao su buna: Cao su buna chnh la polivutadien tong hp bang p trung hp buta-1,3-ien co mat Na. Cao su buna co tnh an hoi va o ben kem cao su thien nhien. b. Cao su isopren: Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC51 tac ac biet, ta c poliisopren goi la cao su isopren. IV. KEO DAN: 1. Khai niem:La loai vat lieu co kha nang ket dnh 2 manh vat lieu giong nhau hoac khac nhau ma khong lam bien chat cac vat lieu c ket dnh 2. Phan loai:a. Theo ban chat hoa hoc: co keo dan hu c nh ho tinh bot va keo dan vo c nh thuy tinh long b. Theo dang keo: co keo long, keo nha deo va keo dan dang bot hay ban mong. 3.Motsoloaikeodantong hp thong dung:a. Keo dan epoxi: Keo dan epoxi gom hai hp phan :hpphanchnhlahpchat hucchahainhomepoxi hai au. Td: SGK Hpphanthhaigoilachat ong ran, thng la cac triamin. Keoepoxidungedancacvat lieu kimloai, go, thuy tinh, chat deo b.Keo dan ure-fomandehit: Keodanure-fomandehitcsan xuat t poli(ure-fomandehit).Poli(ure-fomandehit)cieu cheturevafomandehittrong moi trng axit. Khidungphaithemchatong ran nh axit oxalic, axit lactic e taopolimemangkhonggian,ran lai,benvidaumvamot so dung moi thong dung. Dungedancacvatlieu bang go, chat deo. 4.Motsoloaikeodant nhien: a. Nha va sam Nha va sam la dd dang keo cua cao su thien nhien trong dung moi hu c nh toluen, xilen, dung e noi hai au sam va va cho thung cua sam. b. Keo ho tinh bot Ngi ta thng nau tinh bot san hoac tinh bot gao nep thanh ho tinh bot lam keo dan GV:yeu cau HS xem SGK va cho biet the nao la keo dan, phan loai, va mot so loai keo tong hp va mot so loai keo thien nhien. Khi trung hp isopren co he xuc tac ac biet, ta c poliisopren goi la cao su isopren. IV. KEO DAN: La loai vat lieu co kha nang ket dnh 2 manh vat lieu giong nhau hoac khac nhau ma khong lam bien chat cac vat lieu c ket dnh 2. Phan loai:a. Theo ban chat hoa hoc: co keo dan hu c nh ho tinh bot va keo dan vo c nh thuy tinh long b. Theo dang keo: co keo long, keo nha deo va keo dan dang bot hay ban mong. 3. Mot so loai keo dan tong hp thong dung:a. Keo dan epoxi: Keodanepoxigomhaihp phan:hpphanchnhlahp chathucchahainhom epoxi hai au. Td: SGK Hp phan th hai goilachat ongran,thnglacac triamin. Keoepoxidungedancac vatlieukimloai,go,thuy tinh, chat deo b.Keo dan ure-fomandehit: Keodanure-fomandehitc sanxuattpoli(ure-fomandehit).Poli(ure-fomandehit)cieu cheturevafomandehittrong moi trng axit. Khidungphaithemchat ongrannhaxitoxalic,axit lacticetaopolimemang khonggian,ranlai,benvi dau m va mot so dung moi thong dung. Dungedancacvatlieu bang go, chat deo. 4.Motsoloaikeodant nhien: a. Nha va sam Nha va sam la dd dang keo cua cao su thien nhien trong dung moi hu c nh toluen, xilen, dung e noi hai au Trng THPT L T TrngNm hc : 2011-2012 L Th Hng Nhn Gio n 12 NC52 giay. Keo ho tinh bot de b thiu moc nen ngay nay no c thay bang keo dan tong hp. sam va va cho thung cua sam. b. Keo ho tinh bot Ngi ta thng nau tinh bot san hoac tinh bot gao nep thanh ho tinh bot lam keo dan giay. Keo ho tinh bot de b thiu moc nen ngay nay no c thay bang keo dan tong hp 4. CUNG CO: - Phan ng ieu che chat deo, ieu che cac loai t - T Xenluloz hay viet phng trnh pha