Getting to Know ‘The Enemy’

Supporting PowerPoint Presentation for

Internees Cafe, Holsworthy. Courtesy Dubotzki Collection

Migration Heritage Centre(

http://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/exhibition/enemyathome/the-enemy-at-home/

)

> The Context

World War I

Must it come to this? Enlist! Poster, c.1916. Courtesy Australian War Memorial

Tension between the British and German empires

Anti-German hysteriaGerman Australian community

suddenly faced suspicion and hostility

Propaganda

Registration of Aliens Poster, c.1917. Courtesy National Archives of Australia

‘Enemy aliens’ noun

- All German subjects in Australia, including naturalised migrants and Australian-born persons with German/Austrian backgrounds

Edmund Resch (No. 5498) Liverpool camp, 1914–18 (NAA: SP421/4, Album)

> The Concentration Campsintern verb - to confine or hold as prisoners of war, combat troops, enemy aliens

Holsworthy, Liverpool

• The main internment camp in NSW

• 5000 to 6000 men detained

Holsworthy Internment Camp, Courtesy Dubotzki Collection

> The Internee Experience

Kampenspiegel Wochenschrift

Internee gymnasts, Courtesy Dubotzki Collection

Internee dressing room, Courtesy Dubotzki Collection

“If I rest, I rust”

CENSORSHIP

Whitewashing

Emotional

manipulation PROPAGANDA

“Misquoting”

Photo manipulation

Australians, Arise!, c.1916. Courtesy National Library of Australia

http://www.museumofhoaxes.com/hoax/photo_database

EXAGGERAT

ION

Bias

>> Socratic QuestioningCLARIFICATION

e.g. “What is the main issue here?”, “Could you give me an example?”

Challenge ASSUMPTIONSe.g. “Are you assuming?”, “Is this always the case?”

REASONS and EVIDENCEe.g. “Is there reason to doubt that evidence?”

ALTERNATIVE views & perspectivese.g. “How would other groups respond? Why?”

IMPLICATIONS and CONSEQUENCESe.g. “What does this mean?”, “What effect would that have?”

QUESTION the questione.g. “Why is this question important?”

“To answer this question, what other questions should we answer first?”

>> Details of your Task

• Question what the average person would simply accept as fact or take for granted.

• Analyse the sources, what they reveal,and their reliability

• ‘Close the case’ by evaluating the experiences of the German-Australian community, using sources as proof.

Kurt Wiese cartoon, Courtesy Dubotzki Collection

>> The Historianas Detective

 

 “The ability to ask the right question is more than

half the battle of finding the answer”— Thomas J. Watson (1874-1956, President of IBM)