GCSE GEOGRAPHY B Sample Assessment Materials 5

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GCSE GEOGRAPHY B COMPONENT 1 INVESTIGATING GEOGRAPHICAL ISSUES SAMPLE ASSESSMENT MATERIALS 1 hour 45 minutes

ADDITIONAL MATERIALS In addition to this paper you will require a calculator and a ruler. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Answer all of the questions in this examination paper. Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. If additional space is required you should use the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question number(s) should be clearly shown. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part-question. You are reminded that assessment will take into account your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar and specialist terms accurately in your answer to question 1(c) (iii).

For examiner’s use only SPaG Q.1

32

4

Q.2

32

0

Q.3

32

0

Total Marks

96

4

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Theme 1: Changing Places – Changing Economics

Answer all questions 1. (a) Markets are one example of a geographical feature of many UK towns and

city centres.

Photograph 1.1 Norwich central market

(i) Tick () two other geographical features of central business districts

(CBDs) in the table below. [2]

Tick ()

Large covered shopping centres Large free surface car parks Detached houses with gardens Restaurants, theatres and cinemas

(ii) Many CBDs have pedestrianised areas. Describe the features of

pedestriansed areas. [2]

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(b) The O.S. map extract below shows the location of a proposed retail park on the edge of Whitby.

Map 1.2 O.S. map extract at a scale of 1:25,000

(i) Use map evidence to complete the blank spaces below: [3]

The name of the road at the northern edge of the proposed retail park. ____________________

The direction of the proposed retail park from Whitby West Pier. ____________________

The distance in a direct line from the centre of the proposed retail park to the post office in Ruswarp (grid square 8809). ____________________ kms.

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(ii) Many large retail outlets prefer to locate new stores away from CBDs. They choose retail parks located on the edge of towns and cities.

List two problems that retail outlets have in the CBD and list two

attractions (for retailers) of retail parks located on the edge of towns and cities. Do not list opposites. [4]

Problems in the CBD: 1

2 Attractions of retail parks:

1 2 (iii) Companies always need to know the threshold population of a store.

Give one reason why this is important. [2] (iv) The movement of retail stores from town centre locations to out of town

retail parks has had a significant impact on towns and cities and on the different groups of people who use them.

Discuss the impact of changing retail location on both people and the

urban environment. [6]

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(c) Study Map 1.3 below. It shows the location of Jembatan Besi, an informal settlement (or shanty town) in the city of Jakarta. Jakarta is a global city and the capital of Indonesia, a Newly Industrialised Country (NIC). The city is growing at a rapid rate.

Map 1.3 Jakarta

(i) Describe the location of Jembatan Besi within Jakarta. [1]

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Study Figure 1.4 below. These proportional pie charts show information about the changing population of Jembatan Besi from 1975 through to 2015.

Figure 1.4

(ii) Compare the population in 1975 to that in 2015. Use the scale and the key to support your answer. [4]

Scale for the proportional circles

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Study Photograph 1.5 and Table 1.6 below. They provide more information about the

informal settlement of Jembatan Besi.

Photograph 1.5 Typical housing in Jembatan Besi

Table 1.6 Access to services within the informal settlement of Jembatan Besi 1975 2015

% of residents with access to safe drinking water through stand pipes 1 10 % of residents with access to legal electricity supplies 10 50 % of residents with access to the main city sewer network 0 0 % of residents with access to formal city waste collection services 0 30

(iii) Make use of map 1.3, figure 1.4, photograph 1.5 and table 1.6 to decide

whether you agree with the following statement: ‘The challenges faced in the informal settlement of Jembatan Besi are the same as those found in every global city’. Give reasons to support why you agree or disagree with the statement. [8 + 4]

Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar and

specialist terminology are allocated to this question.

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End of Question 1

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Theme 2: Changing Environments

Answer all questions 2. (a) Study the diagram below which shows the greenhouse effect.

Diagram 2.1

(i) Describe how the greenhouse effect works by adding letters from the

box to label diagram 2.1 above. Two have been done for you. [4]

A

Radiation from the sun passes into the atmosphere.

D

Some of the sun’s radiation is absorbed by the greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere. This warms the Earth.

B Some of the sun’s radiation is reflected from the Earth’s surface into the atmosphere.

E Some of the sun’s radiation is reflected back into space.

C

Some of the sun’s radiation passes through the Earth’s atmosphere back into space. F

Human activities have increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, for example, burning fossil fuels in power stations.

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(ii) Name two greenhouse gases. [2] 1.________________________________ 2.________________________________ (iii) Coal-fired power stations are one source of greenhouse gases. Give

two other human activities which are a source of greenhouse gases. [2]

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(b) Study the graph below.

Describe the changes in average global land surface temperatures since 1850. Use figures from graph 2.2 in your answer. [3]

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(c) Study the map and the table below. The Environment Agency has estimated the impact of a 2 metre rise in sea level across the UK.

Map 2.3 Table 2.4

(i) Describe the pattern of coastal areas at risk from a 2 metre rise in sea level.

Use map 2.3 only in your answer. [2] (ii) Select one appropriate style of graph to represent the data shown in

table 2.4. [1] Tick () one style of graph from the list below.

Tick () One scatter graph showing a line of best fit A series of block graphs, one for each location in table 2.4 A series of pie charts, one for each location in table 2.4

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(iii) Give one reason why the graph style you selected is appropriate to represent the data in table 2.4. [2]

(iv) Give one reason why it is difficult for individuals to reduce the threat of

climate change in the UK. [2]

(v) Explain why government in the UK may wish to reduce the threat of

climate change. [6]

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(d) People have different views on the issue of climate change. Read the comments below and answer the question that follows.

A farmer in Bangladesh

An Indian business executive

A UK 'Green' politician

Make use of these comments to decide whether you agree with the following

statement. "The need to create economic growth in NICs such as India far outweighs any

concerns about climate change." Explain your reasons. [8]

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End of Question 2

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Theme 3: Environmental Challenges

Answer all questions

3. (a) Study the maps and the photograph below. They show information about The Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (WWT). This organisation conserves small scale wetland ecosystems throughout the UK.

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(i) Describe the location of the Martin Mere wetland ecosystem. Use map 3.1 or map 3.2 in your answer. [2] (ii) Complete the table below by giving the correct four figure and six

figure grid references. Use map 3.2. [2]

Grid reference

The four figure grid reference for the village of Rufford.

__ __ __ __

The six figure grid reference for Martin Mere visitor centre.

__ __ __ __ __ __

(iii) Describe the relief of the land shown in map 3.2 and photograph 3.3. [2]

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(b) The world map below shows the location of two major biomes across the world.

Map 3.4

(i) Tick () the correct definition of a biome from the three available in

the table. [1]

Tick () A biome is a large area named after the dominant type of vegetation found at sea level.

A biome is a unique region where different climates can be found from north to south across the globe.

A biome is a global land area that is characterised by the plants, animals and climate in that area.

(ii) Describe the distribution of the Tropical Rainforest biome. Use map 3.4. [2] ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................

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(c) The diagram below shows the links which exist in all ecosystems.

Diagram 3.5

(i) Name an ecosystem you have studied. Complete the table below,

giving the names of specific plants or animals found in your chosen ecosystem.

[4] Name of your chosen ecosystem …………………………………. Plants / animals found in the ecosystem you have named

above.

One tertiary consumer

One secondary consumer

One primary consumer

One producer

(ii) Describe three characteristics of the climate for the ecosystem you

have named above. [3]

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(d) Study the diagram below. The line A – B shows a cross-section across three biomes in Africa.

Diagram 3.6

Describe how the changes in the vegetation from A to B in diagram 3.6 are

influenced by climate. [2] (e) (i) Explain why human activities lead to damage of ecosystems. [6]

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(ii) Name one ecosystem which is being managed for a sustainable

future. Predict how successful the management scheme is likely to be in creating a sustainable future for the ecosystem. Justify your reasoning. [8]

Name of ecosystem

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End of question 3

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