Gas Meter Report Ed 3 2019 - StatPlan Energy Research€¦ · Gas Meter Report Ed 3 2019 Chapter Summaries 2 Chapter 11 - THE GAS METER MARKET IN SOUTH AMERICA Chapter 12 - THE GAS

Chapter Summaries

Table of Contents

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StatPlan Energy Research

Gas Meter Report Ed 3 2019

Gas Meter Report Ed 3 2019 Chapter Summaries

1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Chapter 1 - THE GAS METERING LANDSCAPE IN 2018

Globally, 34% of gas is consumed by the residential/commercial sector, 39% by industry and 29% by

power plants. Analysis of gas customers in 64 countries, their number, consumption of meters in units

and value.

Chapter 2 - WORLD DEMAND FOR GAS METERS FROM 2018 TO 2022

Glbal demand anaalysed by meter type. Meter techology shares.

Chapter 3 - LONG-TERM DEMAND TREND FOR GAS METERS

Globally, 34% of gas is consumed by the residential/commercial sector, 39% by industry and 29% by

power plants. Until the last decade demand followed regular trends established over a century. It had its

local fluctuations but the overall trend for each country was regular. The sudden rollouts of smart meters

will have dramatic impacts on demand trends and will change them beyond recognition. The changes in

the demand cycle are identified where applicable for each country.

Chapter 4 - GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

The transmission and distribution of gas involves huge investment and the gas is regulated, compressed

and metered at pressures from 1,500 psi in long distance transmission to under 3 psi in domestic

households. The meters at the high pressure end are few in number but well-engineered and costly. The

system is mapped and the different stages identified.

Chapter 5 - METER TYPES……FROM 1843 TO THE FUTURE

Overview of the development of metering from the earliest days and each technology.

Chapter 6 - THE GAS METER MARKET IN EUROPE

Chapters 6 to 12 contain regional and country sections, with market reviews with:

¨ A summary of the gas supply industry, distribution and consumers

¨ Gas meters sales in base year 2016 with forecasts from 2017 to 2021 in numbers of units, $ sales and

average selling price per meter - for Residential, AMR, AMI, PPM, Commercial and Industrial, and Smart

Meters

¨ Status and commentary on Ultrasonic Meters and Smart Metering

¨ Gas meter vendors

Expanded market commentary for the United States, Japan, China and India.

Chapter 7 - THE GAS METER MARKET IN CIS

Chapter 8 - THE GAS METER MARKET IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA

Chapter 9 - THE GAS METER MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC

Chapter 10 - THE GAS METER MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA

Gas Meter Report Ed 3 2019 Chapter Summaries

2

Chapter 11 - THE GAS METER MARKET IN SOUTH AMERICA

Chapter 12 - THE GAS METER MARKET IN CENTRAL AMERICA

Chapter 13 - COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS, COMPANY PROFILES AND MARKET SHARES

The three historical global metering groups, Elster, Itron and Landis+Gyr are still the market leaders in the

gas meter market, with 61% of the global market in value. Their large share in the value of the market is

due to their dominance of the high end C&I sector, providing metering solutions for the high pressure grid

and large industry. ¨ Global market shares are accompanied with profiles of the meter manufacturers,

including those with small shares in numbers of meters but leading positions in high end meters for high

pressure measurement - Elster, Itron, Landis+Gyr, Dresser, Diehl, Apator, Sagemcom, Sensus, Dongfa

Group, Holley, Emerson.

Chapter 14 - NGV and AUTOGAS METERING

The metering of gas dispensed to CNG and Autogas powered vehicles is a small segment of the metering

market. Each filling station has two kinds of gas meter; a master meter which measures the gas arriving at

the station, and individual meters on the pumps measuring the gas supplied to vehicles. The technology is

outlined and the main meter products listed.

Chapter 15 - THE ORIGINS OF THE GLOBAL GAS INDUSTRY

On overview of the gas industry, from its start with local manufactured coal gas plants, to its conversion

and huge expansion with transmission pipelines into an international industry. Its competitive role versus

electricity.

Chapter 16 - GAS SOURCES, TYPES AND DELIVERY

A review of gas. Gas comes in many forms, is made from various feedstocks and is delivered in different

ways. Most gas comes from three hydrocarbons; natural gas, liquid petroleum gas and coal. There are four

major categories of gas.

METHODOLOGY

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Table of Contents

Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................19

Split between residential and C&I meter sales .......................................................................................................20

Gas meter technology shares .................................................................................................................................20

Long-term demand for gas meters .........................................................................................................................20

Changes in the demand cycles for gas meters caused national smart meter deployments ..................................21

Changes in the demand cycles for gas meter markets by country. ........................................................................22

Competitive landscape ............................................................................................................................................23

Meter types……from 1843 to the future .................................................................................................................24

Meter types .............................................................................................................................................................24

Gas sources, types and delivery ..............................................................................................................................24

The origins of the global gas industry .....................................................................................................................25

Electricity versus Gas ..............................................................................................................................................26

1.THE GAS METERING LANDSCAPE IN 2018 ...................................................................................................................27

Shifting trends of demand ......................................................................................................................................29

2.WORLD DEMAND FOR GAS METERS FROM 2018 TO 2022 .........................................................................................31

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................31

Gas meter technology shares .................................................................................................................................32

3.LONG-TERM DEMAND TREND FOR GAS METERS ........................................................................................................33

The long-term demand trends ................................................................................................................................34

4.GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM .........................................................................................................................................38

Gas pressure ...........................................................................................................................................................38

The gathering system ..............................................................................................................................................39

The transmission System ........................................................................................................................................39

Compressor stations ...............................................................................................................................................39

Line pack .................................................................................................................................................................40

Gate stations ...........................................................................................................................................................40

The distribution system ..........................................................................................................................................40

The final stage, moving natural gas into the home ................................................................................................41

5.METER TYPES……FROM 1843 TO THE FUTURE ............................................................................................................42

Positive displacement gas meters ...........................................................................................................................42

Diaphragm meters ..................................................................................................................................................42

Rotary meters .........................................................................................................................................................43

Inferential meters ...................................................................................................................................................43

Turbine meters ........................................................................................................................................................43

Orifice meters .........................................................................................................................................................43

Other gas meters ....................................................................................................................................................44

Ultrasonic flow meters ............................................................................................................................................44

Coriolis meters ........................................................................................................................................................44

Vortex meters .........................................................................................................................................................45

MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) ............................................................................................................45

Smart/advanced meters .................................................................................................................................................47

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Communication module ......................................................................................................................................... 47

Turndown ratio and rangeability ........................................................................................................................... 48

Typical turndown ratio of various meter types ...................................................................................................... 48

Meter sizes - G ........................................................................................................................................................ 48

Heating value.......................................................................................................................................................... 49

6.THE GAS METER MARKET IN EUROPE ......................................................................................................................... 50

Establishment of gas in Europe .............................................................................................................................. 50

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 54

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 55

AUSTRIA .................................................................................................................................................................. 56

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 57

BELGIUM ................................................................................................................................................................ 58

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 59

Cost benefit analysis projects ................................................................................................................................ 59

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 59

BULGARIA ............................................................................................................................................................... 60

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 61

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 61

CZECH REPUBLIC ..................................................................................................................................................... 62

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 63

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 63

DENMARK ............................................................................................................................................................... 64

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 65

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 65

ESTONIA ................................................................................................................................................................. 66

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 66

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 66

FINLAND ................................................................................................................................................................. 67

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 68

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 68

FRANCE ................................................................................................................................................................... 69

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 71

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 72

Long-term demand cycle ........................................................................................................................................ 72

GERMANY ............................................................................................................................................................... 74

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 77

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 77

GREECE ................................................................................................................................................................... 78

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 79

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 79

HUNGARY ............................................................................................................................................................... 80

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 81

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Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 81

IRELAND .................................................................................................................................................................. 82

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 83

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 83


ITALY ....................................................................................................................................................................... 85

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 87

Smart meters definition ......................................................................................................................................... 87

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 88


LATVIA .................................................................................................................................................................... 89

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 89

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 90

LITHUANIA .............................................................................................................................................................. 91

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 92

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 92

NETHERLANDS ........................................................................................................................................................ 93

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 94

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 95


POLAND .................................................................................................................................................................. 96

Smart meter progress............................................................................................................................................. 97

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 97

PORTUGAL .............................................................................................................................................................. 98

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 99

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 99

ROMANIA ............................................................................................................................................................... 100

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 100

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 101

SLOVAK REPUBLIC .................................................................................................................................................. 102

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 102

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 103

SLOVENIA ................................................................................................................................................................ 104

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 104

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 105

SPAIN ...................................................................................................................................................................... 106

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 107

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 107

SWEDEN ................................................................................................................................................................. 108

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 109

Meter demand ....................................................................................................................................................... 109

SWITZERLAND ........................................................................................................................................................ 110

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 111

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Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 111

TURKEY .................................................................................................................................................................... 112

Prepayment gas meters .......................................................................................................................................... 113

Smart meter progress ............................................................................................................................................. 113

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 113

UNITED KINGDOM .................................................................................................................................................. 114

Certification ............................................................................................................................................................ 117

Remanufacturing meters for the secondary or sub-metering market ................................................................... 117

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 118

Pulse transmission of data for AMR ....................................................................................................................... 120

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 120


7.THE GAS METER MARKET IN THE CIS........................................................................................................................... 122

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 122

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 123


RUSSIA .................................................................................................................................................................... 124

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 126

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 127

Meter manufacturers ............................................................................................................................................. 127

UKRAINE .................................................................................................................................................................. 128


Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 130


8.THE GAS METER MARKET IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA ..................................................................................... 131

MIDDLE EAST .......................................................................................................................................................... 131

IRAN ........................................................................................................................................................................ 132

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 133


NORTH AFRICA ........................................................................................................................................................ 134

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 134

ALGERIA .................................................................................................................................................................. 135

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 136


EGYPT ...................................................................................................................................................................... 137

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 138


SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA ............................................................................................................................................ 139

9.THE GAS METER MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC .................................................................................................................. 140

Meter demand Asia Pacific ..................................................................................................................................... 141

AUSTRALIA .............................................................................................................................................................. 142


Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 143

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CHINA ...................................................................................................................................................................... 144

The development of distributed gas in china ......................................................................................................... 144

Manufactured gas ................................................................................................................................................... 145

LPG .......................................................................................................................................................................... 146

Natural gas .............................................................................................................................................................. 147

City Gas players ....................................................................................................................................................... 149


Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 149


INDIA ....................................................................................................................................................................... 151


Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 154

INDONESIA .............................................................................................................................................................. 155


Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 156

JAPAN ...................................................................................................................................................................... 157

1.The intelligent Micom gas meter ......................................................................................................................... 158

2.Ultrasonic intelligent gas meter .......................................................................................................................... 159

3.Smart meters ....................................................................................................................................................... 160

LPG meters .............................................................................................................................................................. 161

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 161


SOUTH KOREA ......................................................................................................................................................... 163

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 164

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 164


NEW ZEALAND ........................................................................................................................................................ 166


Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 167

PAKISTAN ................................................................................................................................................................ 168

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 168

TAIWAN ................................................................................................................................................................... 169

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 170

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 170


THAILAND................................................................................................................................................................ 171

10.THE GAS METER MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA ......................................................................................................... 172

UNITED STATES ....................................................................................................................................................... 172

Gas industry structure ............................................................................................................................................ 173

Smart meters .......................................................................................................................................................... 174

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................ 175



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CANADA ..................................................................................................................................................................177

Smart meters ..........................................................................................................................................................178

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................178

MEXICO ...................................................................................................................................................................179

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................180

11.THE GAS METER MARKET IN SOUTH AMERICA .........................................................................................................181

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................182

ARGENTINA .............................................................................................................................................................183

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................184

BRAZIL .....................................................................................................................................................................185

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................187

CHILE .......................................................................................................................................................................188

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................189

COLOMBIA ..............................................................................................................................................................190

Meter demand ........................................................................................................................................................191

12.THE GAS METER MARKET IN CENTRAL AMERICA ......................................................................................................192

13.COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS, COMPANY PROFIELS AND MARKET SHARES .....................................................................193

Elster .......................................................................................................................................................................193

Itron.........................................................................................................................................................................194

Landis+Gyr ..............................................................................................................................................................194

Dresser ....................................................................................................................................................................195

Diehl ........................................................................................................................................................................195

Apator .....................................................................................................................................................................195

Sagemcom ...............................................................................................................................................................195

Sensus .....................................................................................................................................................................196

Dongfa Group ..........................................................................................................................................................196

Holley ......................................................................................................................................................................196

Emerson ..................................................................................................................................................................196

DNV GL ....................................................................................................................................................................197

14.NGV and AUTOGAS METERING ..................................................................................................................................198

The filling process ...................................................................................................................................................198

15.THE ORIGINS OF THE GLOBAL GAS INDUSTRY ...........................................................................................................199

The conversion process of distribution networks from manufactured gas to natural gas ....................................200

Electricity versus Gas ..............................................................................................................................................201

16.GAS SOURCES, TYPES AND DELIVERY .........................................................................................................................204

GAS CATEGORIES ....................................................................................................................................................204

Natural gas ..............................................................................................................................................................204

Manufactured gas ...................................................................................................................................................204

Coke-oven gas .........................................................................................................................................................205

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) ................................................................................................................................205

Coal gas ...................................................................................................................................................................205

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Biogas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 205

Blast furnace gas .................................................................................................................................................... 205

Gas hydrates .......................................................................................................................................................... 205

Refinery gas ............................................................................................................................................................ 206

Syngas - SNG........................................................................................................................................................... 206

PG Autogas ............................................................................................................................................................. 206

GAS DELIVERY AND STORAGE ................................................................................................................................ 206

Piped gas ................................................................................................................................................................ 207

Natural gas liquids, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) ................................................................................................... 207

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) ............................................................................................................................... 207

Compressed natural gas (CNG) .............................................................................................................................. 207

METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................................. 208

Demand for gas meters .......................................................................................................................................... 208

Installed base ......................................................................................................................................................... 208

Demand – long term demand cycle ....................................................................................................................... 209

Long-term demand trend in France, reconfigured by the deployment of smart gas meters................................ 209

Short term demand ................................................................................................................................................ 209

Figures

Figure 1: The growth in manufactured city gas and natural gas consumers from 1900-2020. ..................................... 30

Figure 2: The global installed base of households - all, with electricity and gas, 1900-2050. ....................................... 33

Figure 3: The global installed base and annual demand for gas meters, 1950-2050 .................................................... 33

Figure 4: Households with access to gas by region, 1900-2050 .................................................................................... 34

Figure 5: Long-term annual demand trend with continuation of diaphragm meters, France, 1900-2050. .................. 35

Figure 6: Long-term annual demand trend, reconfigured by the deployment of smart gas meters, France,

1900-2050. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Figure 7: Gas distribution system .................................................................................................................................. 38

Figure 8: The world’s major gas transmission and distribution networks in km ........................................................... 41

Figure 9: The European gas grid in 1965. ....................................................................................................................... 51

Figure 10: The European gas grid in 2018. ..................................................................................................................... 52

Figure 11: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential gas consumers, Europe,1900-2020 ............................... 52

Figure 12: The status of smart gas metering in Europe, September 2018 .................................................................... 54

Figure 13: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential gas consumers, Austria, 1900-2020. .............................. 56

Figure 14: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential gas consumers, Belgium, 1900-2020. ............................ 58

Figure 15: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential gas consumers, Bulgaria, 1900-2020. ............................ 60

Figure 16: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential gas consumers, Czech Republic, 1900-2020. ................. 62

Figure 17: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Denmark, 1900-2020. ........ 64

Figure 18: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Estonia, 1900-2020. ........... 66

Figure 19: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Finland, 1900-2020. ........... 67

Figure 20: Household penetration of manufactured gas, natural gas and LPG in France, 1900-2020. ......................... 70

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Figure 21: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, France, 1900-2020. ............ 70

Figure 22: Gazpar smart gas meter. ............................................................................................................................... 71

Figure 23: Long-term annual demand trend in France, reconfigured by the deployment of smart gas meters, 1

900-2050. ........................................................................................................................................................................ 73

Figure 24: Household penetration of manufactured gas, natural gas and LPG in Germany, 1900-2020. ..................... 75

Figure 25: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Germany, 1900-2020. ........ 76

Figure 26: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Greece, 1900-2020. ........... 78

Figure 27: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Hungary, 1900-2020. ......... 80

Figure 28: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Ireland, 1900-2020. ............ 82

Figure 29: Long-term annual demand trend in Ireland, reconfigured by the deployment of smart gas meters,

1900-2050. ...................................................................................................................................................................... 84

Figure 30: Household penetration of manufactured gas, natural gas and LPG in Italy, 1900-2020. ............................. 86

Figure 31: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers Italy, 1900-2020. ................. 86

Figure 32: Long-term annual demand trend in Italy, reconfigured by the deployment of smart gas meters,

1900-2020. ...................................................................................................................................................................... 88

Figure 33: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Latvia, 1900-2020. ............. 89

Figure 34: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Lithuania, 1900-2020. ........ 91

Figure 35: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Netherlands, 1900-2020. ... 93

Figure 36: Long-term annual demand trend in the Netherlands, reconfigured by the deployment of

smart gas meters, 1900-2050. ........................................................................................................................................ 95

Figure 37: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Poland, 1900-2020. ............ 96

Figure 38: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Portugal, 1900-2020. ......... 98

Figure 39: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Romania, 1900-2020. ......... 100

Figure 40 : Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Slovak Republic

1900-2020. ...................................................................................................................................................................... 102

Figure 41: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Slovenia, 1900-2020. ......... 104

Figure 42: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Spain, 1900-20. .................. 106

Figure 43: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Sweden, 1900-2020. .......... 108

Figure 44: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Switzerland, 1900-2020. .... 110

Figure 45: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, Turkey, 1900-2020. ............ 112

Figure 46: Household penetration of manufactured gas, natural gas and LPG in the United Kingdom, 1900-2020. .... 115

Figure 47: Penetration of electricity and gas in the United Kingdom from 1900-2015. ................................................ 115

Figure 48: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential gas consumers, United Kingdom,

1900-2020. ...................................................................................................................................................................... 116

Figure 49: Long-term annual demand trend in the United Kingdom, reconfigured by the deployment of

smart gas meters, 1900-2050. ........................................................................................................................................ 121

Figure 50: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, CIS, 1900-2020. ........................................... 122

Figure 51: Long-term annual demand trend in the CIS, 1900-2050. .............................................................................. 123

Figure 52: Household penetration of manufactured gas, natural gas and LPG in Russia, 1900-2020. .......................... 125

Figure 53: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Russia, 1900-2020. ...................................... 126

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Figure 54: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Ukraine, 1900-2020. ................................... 129

Figure 55: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Middle East, 1900-2020. ............................ 131

Figure 56: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Iran, 1900-2020. ......................................... 132

Figure 57: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, North Africa, 1900-2020. ........................... 134

Figure 58: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Algeria, 1900-2020. .................................... 135

Figure 59: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Egypt, 1900-2020. ...................................... 137

Figure 60: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Sub-Saharan Africa, 1900-2020. ................. 139

Figure 61: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Asia Pacific, 1900-2020. ............................. 140

Figure 62: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Australia, 1900-2020. ................................. 142

Figure 63: Length of pipeline networks for Manufactured Gas, LPG and Natural Gas in China, 1978-2010. ............... 145

Figure 64: Numbers of urban housing units, piped natural and manufactured gas and cylinder LPG, China,

1988-2020. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 148

Figure 65: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, India, 1900-2020. ....................................... 153

Figure 66: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Indonesia, 1900-2020................................. 155

Figure 67: Household penetration of manufactured gas, natural gas and LPG in Japan, 1900-2020. .......................... 157

Figure 68: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Japan, 1900-2020. ...................................... 158

Figure 69: Micom, conventional diaphragm intelligent gas meter. ............................................................................... 159

Figure 70: Ultrasonic gas meter. .................................................................................................................................... 160

Figure 71: Household penetration of natural gas and LPG in South Korea, 1948-2020. ............................................... 163

Figure 72: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, South Korea, 1900-2020. ........................... 164

Figure 73: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, New Zealand, 1900-2020. .......................... 166

Figure 74: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Taiwan, 1900-2020. .................................... 169

Figure 75: Household penetration of manufactured gas, natural gas and LPG in the US, 1900-2020. ......................... 173

Figure 76: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential consumers, United States, 1900-2020. ....... 174

Figure 77: Long-term annual demand trend for gas meters, United States, 1900-2050. ............................................. 176

Figure 78: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential consumers, Canada, 1900-2020. ................. 177

Figure 79: Numbers of housing units, all gas consumers and residential consumers, Mexico, 1900-2020. ................. 179

Figure 80: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, South America, 1900-2020. ........................ 182

Figure 81: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Argentina, 1900-2020. ............................... 183

Figure 82: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Brazil, 1900-2020. ...................................... 186

Figure 83: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Chile, 1900-2020. ....................................... 188

Figure 84: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Colombia, 1900-2020. ................................ 191

Figure 85: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, Central America, 1900-2020. ..................... 192

Figure 86: Market shares of gas meter manufacturers in value .................................................................................... 193

Figure 87: Timeline of global gas and electricity distribution. ....................................................................................... 200

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Tables Table 1: Demographics, consumers and demand for gas meters in units and $ value, by region 2018. ....................... 27

Table 2: Residential, commercial and industrial consumers for selected countries ...................................................... 27

Table 3: Demographics, consumers and demand for gas meters in units and $ value, by major countries 2018. ....... 28

Table 4: Annual demand trend for gas meters, IGC and residential, in units, $ value, the World, 2018-2022. ............ 31

Table 5: Changes in the demand cycles for gas meter markets by country ................................................................... 36

Table 6: Typical turndown ratios of gas meter types ..................................................................................................... 48

Table 7: Basic population and gas statistics, Europe ...................................................................................................... 50

Table 8: Numbers of metered residential and industrial end-users of gas, Europe, thousands, 2018 .......................... 53

Table 9: Annual demand trend for gas meters, IGC and residential, in units, $ value,

with average selling price per meter, Europe, 2018-2022 ............................................................................................. 55

Table 10: Basic population and gas statistics, Austria. ................................................................................................... 56


with average selling price per meter, Austria, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................ 57

Table 12: Basic population and gas statistics, Belgium. ................................................................................................. 58

Table 13: Annual demand trend for gas meters, IGC and residential, in units, $ value, w

ith average selling price per meter, Belgium, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................. 59

Table 14: Basic population and gas statistics, Bulgaria. ................................................................................................. 60

Table 15: Basic population and gas statistics, Czech Republic. ...................................................................................... 62

Table 16: Annual demand trend for gas meters, IGC and residential, in units, $ value, w

ith average selling price per meter, Czech Republic, 2018-2022. .................................................................................. 63

Table 17: Basic population and gas statistics, Denmark. ............................................................................................... 64


with average selling price per meter, Denmark, 2018-2022. ......................................................................................... 65

Table 19: Basic population and gas statistics, Estonia. .................................................................................................. 66

Table 20: Basic population and gas statistics, Finland. .................................................................................................. 67

Table 21: Basic population and gas statistics, France. ................................................................................................... 69


with average selling price per meter, France, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................. 72

Table 23: Basic population and gas statistics, Germany. ............................................................................................... 74

Table 24: Gas meters in use in Germany by type, 2011. ................................................................................................ 76


with average selling price per meter, Germany, 2018-2022. ......................................................................................... 77

Table 26: Basic population and gas statistics, Greece. ................................................................................................... 78


with average selling price per meter, Greece, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................ 79

Table 28: Basic population and gas statistics, Hungary. ................................................................................................. 80


with average selling price per meter, Hungary, 2018-2022. .......................................................................................... 81

Table 30: Basic population and gas statistics, Ireland. ................................................................................................... 82

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with average selling price per meter, Ireland, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................ 83

Table 32: Basic population and gas statistics, Italy. ........................................................................................................ 85


with average selling price per meter, Italy, 2018-2022. ................................................................................................. 88

Table 34: Basic population and gas statistics, Latvia ...................................................................................................... 89


with average selling price per meter, Latvia, 2018-2022. .............................................................................................. 90

Table 36: Basic population and gas statistics, Lithuania. ................................................................................................ 91


with average selling price per meter, Lithuania, 2018-2022. ......................................................................................... 92

Table 38: Basic population and gas statistics, Netherlands. ........................................................................................... 93


with average selling price per meter, Netherlands, 2018-2022. .................................................................................... 95

Table 40: Basic population and gas statistics, Poland. ................................................................................................... 96


with average selling price per meter, Poland, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................. 97

Table 42: Basic population and gas statistics, Portugal. ................................................................................................. 98


with average selling price per meter, Portugal, 2018-2022. .......................................................................................... 99

Table 44: Basic population and gas statistics, Romania. ................................................................................................ 100


with average selling price per meter, Romania, 2018-2022........................................................................................... 101

Table 46: Basic population and gas statistics, Slovak Republic. ..................................................................................... 102


with average selling price per meter, Slovak Republic, 2018-2022. ............................................................................... 103

Table 48: Basic population and gas statistics, Slovenia. ................................................................................................. 104


with average selling price per meter, Slovenia, 2018-2022. .......................................................................................... 105

Table 50: Basic population and gas statistics, Spain. ...................................................................................................... 106


with average selling price per meter, Spain, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................... 107

Table 52: Basic population and gas statistics, Sweden. .................................................................................................. 108

Table 53: Basic population and gas statistics, Switzerland. ............................................................................................ 110


with average selling price per meter, Switzerland, 2018-2022. ..................................................................................... 111

Table 55: Basic population and gas statistic, Turkey. ..................................................................................................... 112


with average selling price per meter, Turkey, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................. 113

14

Air Quality Control Report Ed1 2018

Table of Contents

Table 57: Basic population and gas statistics, United Kingdom. .................................................................................... 114

Table 58: UK energy providers’ record of installations of smart meters by January 2018. ........................................... 118


with average selling price per meter, United Kingdom, 2018-2022. ............................................................................. 120

Table 60: Basic population and gas statistics, CIS. ......................................................................................................... 122


with average selling price per meter, CIS, 2018-2022.................................................................................................... 123

Table 62: Basic population and gas statistics, Russia. .................................................................................................... 124


with average selling price per meter, Russia, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................. 127

Table 64: Basic population and gas statistics, Ukraine. .................................................................................................. 128


with average selling price per meter, Ukraine, 2018-2022. ........................................................................................... 130

Table 66: Basic population and gas statistics, Middle East. ........................................................................................... 131


with average selling price per meter, Middle East, 2018-2022. .................................................................................... 131

Table 68: Basic population and gas statistics, Iran. ........................................................................................................ 132


with average selling price per meter, Iran, 2018-2022. ................................................................................................. 133

Table 70: Basic population and gas statistics, North Africa, 2013.................................................................................. 134


with average selling price per meter, North Africa, 2018-2022. .................................................................................... 134

Table 72: Basic population and gas statistics, Algeria. ................................................................................................... 135


with average selling price per meter, Algeria, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................ 136

Table 74: Basic population and gas statistics, Egypt. ..................................................................................................... 137


with average selling price per meter, Egypt, 2018-2022. .............................................................................................. 138

Table 76: Basic population and gas statistics, sub-Saharan Africa. ................................................................................ 139

Table 77: Basic population and gas statistics, Asia Pacific. ............................................................................................ 140


with average selling price per meter, Asia Pacific, 2018-2022. ...................................................................................... 141

Table 79: Basic population and gas statistics, Australia. ................................................................................................ 142


with average selling price per meter, Australia, 2018-2022. ......................................................................................... 143

Table 81: Basic population and gas statistics, China. ..................................................................................................... 144


with average selling price per meter, China, 2018-2022. .............................................................................................. 149

Table 83: Leading gas meter companies in China .......................................................................................................... 150

Table 84: Basic population and gas statistics, India. ...................................................................................................... 151

15


Table of Contents

Table 85: The PNG network in India, 2016. ....................................................................................................................152

Table 86: CNG network in India, 2016. ...........................................................................................................................153


with average selling price per meter, Indonesia, 2018-2022. ........................................................................................154

Table 88: Basic population and gas statistics, Indonesia. ...............................................................................................155


with average selling price per meter, Indonesia, 2018-2022. ........................................................................................156

Table 90: Basic population and gas statistics, Japan. .....................................................................................................157


with average selling price per meter, Japan, 2018-2022. ...............................................................................................161

Table 92: Basic population and gas statistics, South Korea. ...........................................................................................163


with average selling price per meter, Korea, 2018-2022................................................................................................164

Table 94: Basic population and gas statistics, New Zealand. ..........................................................................................166


with average selling price per meter, New Zealand, 2018-2022. ...................................................................................167

Table 96: Basic population and gas statistics, Pakistan. .................................................................................................168


with average selling price per meter, Pakistan, 2018-2022. ..........................................................................................168

Table 98: Basic population and gas statistics, Taiwan. ...................................................................................................169


with average selling price per meter, Taiwan, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................170

Table 100: Basic population and gas statistics, Thailand. ...............................................................................................171

Table 101: Basic population and gas statistics, United States. .......................................................................................172


with average selling price per meter, United States, 2018-2022. ..................................................................................175

Table 103: Basic population and gas statistics, Canada. .................................................................................................177


with average selling price per meter, Canada, 2018-2022. ............................................................................................178

Table 105: Basic population and gas statistics, Mexico. .................................................................................................179


with average selling price per meter, Mexico, 2018-2028. ............................................................................................180

Table 107: Basic population and gas statistics, South America. .....................................................................................181


with average selling price per meter, South America 2018-2022. .................................................................................182

Table 109: Basic population and gas statistics, Argentina. .............................................................................................183


with average selling price per meter, Argentina, 2018-2022. ........................................................................................184

Table 111: Basic population and gas statistics, Brazil. ....................................................................................................185

16


Table of Contents


with average selling price per meter, Brazil, 2018-2022. ...............................................................................................187

Table 113: Basic population and gas statistics, Chile. .....................................................................................................188


with average selling price per meter, Chile, 2018-2022. ................................................................................................189

Table 115: Basic population and gas statistics, Colombia. .............................................................................................190


with average selling price per meter, Columbia, 2018-2022. .........................................................................................191

Table 117: Basic population and gas statistics, Central America (excluding Mexico) , 2013 .........................................192

Gas Meter Report Ed 3 2019 Sample Pages

17

1. THE GAS METERING LANDSCAPE IN 2018

Globally, 34% of gas is consumed by the residential/commercial sector, 39% by industry and 29% by power

plants. These proportions vary a lot by country. In some countries, there is no residential consumption, in

others there is consumption by power plants and industry, and in some only by power plants, which has an

obvious bearing on the distribution of meter types. There were XXX billion households in the world in 2018

and piped gas consumers, over 95% of whom are household users, total XXX%. Annual demand for gas

meter was XX million units, with a value of $XX billion in 2018.

Table 1: Demographics, consumers and demand for gas meters in units and $ value, by region 2018.

Population Households Natural gas

consumers

Demand for

meters

Demand for

meters

Million Million Thousand Thousand $ million

Europe

CIS

Middle East

North Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Asia

Pacific

North America

South America

Central America

World

Table 2: Residential, commercial and industrial consumers for selected countries

Residential Commercial Industrial Total

USA

Canada

Tokyo Gas

UK

EU

USA

Canada

Tokyo Gas

UK

EU

Iran

India

Tunisia

Iran

India

Tunisia


18

The analysis of gas customers in Table 2 indicates that gas is used more frequently in the commercial and

industrial sectors in developed than in developing countries. In the USA, Canada, Tokyo and UK commercial

customers of gas amount to XX%, XX%, XX% and XX% of all users respectively, compared with XX%, XX% and

XX% in Iran, India and Tunisia.

Table 3: Demographics, consumers and demand for gas meters in units and $ value, by major

countries 2018.

Country Population Households Natural gas

consumers

Demand

for meters

Demand for

meters

2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 Million Million ‘000 ‘000

meters

$ million

Algeria

Argentina

Australia

Austria

Bangladesh

Belgium

Brazil

Bulgaria

Canada

Chile

China

Colombia

Czech Republic

Denmark

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Estonia

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hong Kong

Hungary

India

Indonesia

Iran

Ireland

Italy

Japan

Kazakhstan


19

Korea, Rep.

Latvia

Lithuania

Mexico

Netherlands

New Zealand

Pakistan

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Singapore

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Taiwan

Tunisia

Turkey

Ukraine

United Kingdom

United States

Uzbekistan

Venezuela

Others

World

Shifting trends of demand

Historically the demand for gas meters, like demand for electricity and water meters, followed a stable long-

term path, although it varied from this on a short-term basis depending on more immediate circumstances

such as finance, prices and demand for energy. Gas meters had long lives and if budgets were under

pressure replacements could be delayed for a year or two. However, over the long-term the trends were

stable.

The installed base of meters consists are those which are installed at any point in time and the total grows

or declines over time, usually following a steady linear trend upwards. Demand is the number of meters

which are installed in one year, either as additions to the meter stock due to expansion of the network or

replacements of aged meters. Demand is not linear and fluctuates, depending of new growth and the

replacements. The rate at which units were installed in the past has a strong effect on the demand cycle

and if there was a surge in installations 30 to 40 years ago there will be a surge in replacements now.


20

SOUTH KOREA

Table 4: Basic population and gas statistics, South Korea.

Population Households Gas Customers

Million Million Million

2018 2018 2018

Natural gas first was imported into South Korea in 1986 and consumption has grown fast since then. Kogas

imports and sells gas wholesale and direct to large industrial companies. It is distributed by 33 private city gas

companies to households, commercial and industrial customers. Most demand was in the industrial sector at

the start of importation but after 1995 households began to predominate.

LPG was first used in Korea in 1959. It is used in households, as a feedstock for piped city gas and for

automobiles. Propane, the main component of LPG, was first widely used for cooking in residential and

commercial entities, and butane was increasingly used for transportation. Demand was not significant in the

initial stages; in 1968, the demand for LPG in the Korean market stood at a meagre 16 tons and production at

15 tons. LPG is now used by XX million households for cooking and heating and XX million automobiles for fuel.

The households use consists of bottled cylinder gas and LPG as a feedstock for piped city gas.

Figure 1: Household penetration of natural gas and LPG in South Korea, 1948-2020.


21

Figure 2: Numbers of housing units, all gas and residential consumers, South Korea, 1900-2020.

100% of consumers are metered.

Smart meters

We have no reports yet of smart gas metering.

Meter demand

Table 5: Annual demand trend for gas meters, IGC and residential, in units, $ value, with

average selling price per meter, Korea, 2018-2022.

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

‘000 meters

Residential

AMR

AMI residential

Industrial & grid

Total meters

$ million

Residential

AMR

AMI residential

Industrial & grid

Total value

Average selling price $

Residential

AMR

AMI residential

Industrial & grid


22

Meter manufacturers

The Korean gas meter market is dominated by local meter manufacturers.

Keuk Dong started as a manufacturer of fans for motors and became a supplier to Samsung Electronics in

1990, entering gas meter manufacturing. The company now has a high share in the domestic gas meter

market and exports to Latin-America, Southeast Asia and Central Asia.

Keuk Dong first introduced Micom meters (Multi Function safety gas meter) into Korea market, providing

gas safety and home network technology.

Daehan GM Corporation claims to be the oldest gas meter manufacturer in Korea.

Documents

Gas Meter Report Ed 3 2019 - StatPlan Energy Research€¦ · Gas Meter Report Ed 3 2019 Chapter Summaries 2 Chapter 11 - THE GAS METER MARKET IN SOUTH AMERICA Chapter 12 - THE GAS