Four Level Analysis

Four-Level AnalysisPractice Sentences

Michael Clay Thompson

rfwp.com

Wednesday, August 17, 11

I have had many requestsfrom those who use the MCT texts

for grammar analysis sentencesin a digital form that can

be used with a computer or projector.Accordingly, here are some sentences

in a pdf that should workon any computer.

MCT


PART ONE

These first sentences are limitedto one- and two-level analysisand are suitable for younger

students who are not yet usingGrammar Island.


ONE-LEVEL ANALYSIS


The big dog saw her.

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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press


The big dog saw her.

____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. pron.



He ate two cookies.

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He ate two cookies.

____________________________________ pron. v. adj. n.



Jane is a good friend.

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Jane is a good friend.

____________________________________ n. v. adj. adj. n.



A big dog barked loudly.

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A big dog barked loudly.

____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. adv.



Two dogs barked at the moon.

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Two dogs barked at the moon.

____________________________________ adj. n. v. prep. adj. n.



Oh, I never wanted any soup.

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Oh, I never wanted any soup.

____________________________________ interj. pron. adv. v. adj. n.



Joe and I asked for a bigger boat.

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Joe and I asked for a bigger boat.

____________________________________ n. conj. pron. v. prep. adj. adj. n.



Alex ran up the hill, but Sarah laughed.

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Alex ran up the hill, but Sarah laughed.

____________________________________ n. v. prep. adj. n. conj. n. v.



Randolph is my best friend.

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Randolph is my best friend.

____________________________________ n. v. adj. adj. n.



The very old tree lost its leaves slowly.

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The very old tree lost its leaves slowly.

____________________________________ adj. adv. adj. n. v. adj. n. adv.



Golgrich was the very man we asked.

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Golgrich was the very man we asked.

____________________________________ n. v. adj. adj. n. pron. v.



The rude comment offended you and me.

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____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. pron. conj. pron.




____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. pron. conj. pron.

It must be you and me, not you and I, because a direct object uses object pronouns.



A slippery fish wiggled across the deck.

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A slippery fish wiggled across the deck.

____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. prep. adj. n.



TWO-LEVEL ANALYSIS



Hard rain fell from the dark clouds.

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adj. n. v. prep. adj. adj. n.




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subj. AVP




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subj. AVP

The object of a preposition, clouds, cannot also be a direct object.

AVP means action verb predicate.



The big, blue wave struck the ship.

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____________________________________




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adj. adj. adj. n. v. adj. n.




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adj. adj. adj. n. v. adj. n.

subj. AVP D.O.



The leader of the Gauls is a warrior.

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____________________________________

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adj. n. prep. adj. n. v. adj. n.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.

The subject of the sentence is leader, not Gauls. The object of a prepositioncannot also be the subject of the sentence. LVP means linking verb predicate. S.C.

means subject complement.



The red dog carefully smelled the squirrel.

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____________________________________

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adj. adj. n. adv. v. adj. n.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP D.O.




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subj. AVP D.O.

Notice that smelled is here an action verb; the dog is smelling something.



The blue flowers smelled good.

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adj. adj. n. v. adj.




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subj. LVP S.C.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.

In this sentence smelled is a linking verb. Flowers do not have noses,and they are not performing an action. The logic of the sentence

is an equation: the flowers are good in smell.



A very funny rabbit hopped on the path.

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____________________________________




____________________________________

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adj. adv. adj. n. v. prep. adj. n.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP




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subj. AVP

We have an action verb, but there is no direct objectbecause the verb does not transfer the action to anything.



She gave me a good book about Rome.

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pron. v. pron. adj. adj. n. prep. n.




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subj. AVP I.O. D.O.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP I.O. D.O.

An indirect object is a noun or object pronoun that is locatedbetween the action verb and the direct object. It does not receive

the action, but it is indirect affected by the action.



You and I will go to the opera on Monday.

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____________________________________

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pron. conj. pron. v. v. prep. adj. n. prep. n.




____________________________________

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----------subj.---------- -----AVP-----




____________________________________

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----------subj.---------- -----AVP-----

Here we see a compound subject and a future tense verb.



I will go to Greece if you will come too.

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pron. v. v. prep. n. conj. pron. v. v. adv.




____________________________________

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subj. -----AVP----- subj. --------AVP-------




____________________________________

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subj. -----AVP----- subj. --------AVP-------

The word if is a subordinating conjunction.



No, we never wanted any blue flowers.

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____________________________________

____________________________________

interj. pron. adv. v. adj. adj. n.




____________________________________

____________________________________

interj. pron. adv. v. adj. adj. n.

subj. AVP D.O.



PART TWO

Here are four-level analysis sentences, organized by book,

for students using the MCT texts.



A big flight of ducks flies overhead.

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adj. adj. n. prep. n. v. adv.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP




____________________________________

____________________________________

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subj. AVP

----prep. phrase----




____________________________________

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subj. AVP


---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence




____________________________________

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subj. AVP



A prepositional phrase comes between the subject and its verb: flight flies.



A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away.

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adj. n. v. adj. n. conj. adj. n. v. adv.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP D.O. subj. AVP




____________________________________

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no phrase




____________________________________

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no phrase

--------------------clause------------------- ------------------clause-------------- compound sentence




____________________________________

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no phrase

--------------------clause------------------- ------------------clause-------------- compound sentence

An action verb might or might not lead to a direct object.



The noisy intruder was a small, green frog.

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adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. adj. n.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.

no phrase




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.

no phrase


This sentence is an equation. The linking verb means that the subject and the subject complement are the same thing: the intruder IS a frog.



Two crickets chirped at the sleepy seagull.

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subj. AVP




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subj. AVP

-------------------prep. phrase------------------




____________________________________

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subj. AVP

-------------------prep. phrase------------------


The object of a preposition cannot be a direct object.



The white bird gave the green frog a bug.

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____________________________________

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adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. n. adj. n.




____________________________________

____________________________________

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subj. AVP I.O. D.O.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP I.O. D.O.

no phrase




____________________________________

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subj. AVP I.O. D.O.

no phrase


An indirect object will always be between the action verb and the direct object.



Yes, some frogs were sad and silly.

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interj. adj. n. v. adj. conj. adj.




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subj. LVP ------compound S.C.------




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no phrase




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no phrase


Two subject complements joined by a conjunction: a compound subject complement.



James gave you and me some fish.

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n. v. pron. conj. pron. adj. n.




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subj. AVP -------compound I.O.------- D.O.




____________________________________

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no phrase




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no phrase


We see a compound indirect object, right where indirect objects always are,between the action verb and the direct object.



The gray goose certainly smelled funny.

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adj. adj. n. adv. v. adv.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.

no phrase




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.

no phrase


A subject complement is a noun, pronoun, or adjective, linked to the subject by a linking verb.



The fancy fish swam slowly up the stream.

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adj. adj. n. v. adv. prep. adj. n.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP




____________________________________

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subj. AVP

-----prepositional phrase-----




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subj. AVP






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subj. AVP



Remember that the object of a preposition can never be a direct object.



Sam saw Sue, but Sid was sad.

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n. v. n. conj. n. v. adj.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP D.O. subj. LVP S.C.




____________________________________

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no phrase




____________________________________

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no phrase

----------------clause-------------- ---------------clause------------- compound sentence




____________________________________

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no phrase

----------------clause-------------- ---------------clause------------- compound sentence

This is one sentence. It has two clauses, each with its own subject and verb.



He gave his book to the curious mayor.

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pron. v. adj. n. prep. adj. adj. n.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP D.O.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP D.O.

-------------------prep. phrase-----------------




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subj. AVP D.O.

-------------------prep. phrase-----------------


The object of a preposition can never also be a direct object or indirect object.



The collection of poems is brilliant.

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adj. n. prep. n. v. adj.




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subj. LVP S.C.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.

-----prep. phrase----




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.


---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple declarative sentence




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.



Note that the verb IS agrees with the subject COLLECTION, not with the object of the preposition.



The wretched elf grew tulips in the dell.

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adj. adj. n. v. n. prep. adj. n.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP D.O.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP D.O.

------prep. phrase-----




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subj. AVP D.O.






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subj. AVP D.O.



This sentence has a good feature: the verb is right next to the subject. That always makes a sentence clearer. A DELL is a small, wooded valley.



A weary mason grew bored with the task.

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adj. adj. n. v. adj. prep. adj. n.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.

--------prep. phrase-------




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subj. LVP S.C.

--------prep. phrase-------


This is tricky. In this sentence GREW is a linking verb. It is not action: the mason is not growing anything, he is just getting bored. TO GROW is often a linking verb.



The gang of thieves makes him an offer.

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adj. n. prep. n. v. pron. adj. n.




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subj. AVP I.O. D.O.




____________________________________

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subj. AVP I.O. D.O.



The verb MAKES agrees with the subject GANG, not with the noun beside it.



When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid.

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conj. adj. n. v. adj. n. n. v. adj.




____________________________________

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no phrase




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no phrase

---------------------dependent clause-------------------- ------independent clause------ a D,I complex declarative sentence




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no phrase

---------------------dependent clause-------------------- ------independent clause------ a D,I complex declarative sentence

The comma is required when the dependent clause comes first. D,I expresses the punctuation rule. Note that each clause has its own subject and simple predicate.



Scrubbing the deck, James was a good sailor.

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adj. adj. n. n. v. adj. adj. n.




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subj. LVP S.C.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.

--------participial phrase--------




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subj. LVP S.C.


---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------- a simple declarative sentence




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.


---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------- a simple declarative sentence

This is a classic introductory participial phrase, modifying the subject, and set off by a comma. The phrase is part of the clause--is inside the clause.




____________________________________

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subj. LVP S.C.


---------------------------------------------independent clause----------------------------------

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Four Level Analysis