Power Quality Analyser TOPAS 1000

Effecting measurement tasks in medium and low voltage networks faster and with a single tool:

Analysis of disturbances and their causes

Determine reserves of transformer/feeder

Acquire and analyse transient events

Power quality as per EN 50160

Detection of interferences, power peaks

Function test of ripple control systems

Day extreme values

Report writer

General

Measuring System

TOPAS 1000 is a power network analyser that can be used to locate interference sources and assess mains voltage quality in compliance with the applicable standards. The extremely rugged mechanical construction (IP65) of TOPAS 1000 is highly estimated especially under harsh or wet conditions. The large data memory (512 MB Compact Flash-card, optional 1 GB or 2 GB) provides effecting long-term recordings. These recordings are the basis for detailed evaluations and analyses to assess disturbances and the mains voltage quality.

TOPAS 1000 was developed in cooperation with power utilities optimised for field applications and the requirements of operating electrical energy assets.

TOPAS 1000 fields of applications: Disturbance source detection Voltage, current and power analysis Load and energy measurements Transient analysis Signalling voltage analysis (ripple control systems) Power quality analysis as per EN 50160

Measurement methods, evaluations: Assessment of PQ as per EN50160 rms values with adjustable intervals Sample values (oscilloscope) Amplitude spectrum Signalling voltage analysis (ripple control systems) Transients

General specification

Intrinsic error: refers to reference conditions and is guaranteed for two years

Quality system: developed, manufactured as per DIN ISO 9001

Environment conditions: Operating temp. range: 0C ... +40C Storage temp. range: -20C ... +70C Relative humidity: 10% ... 80%, no dewing Operating altitude: max. 2000 m

Reference conditions: 23C 2K, 230 V 10%, 50 Hz / 60 Hz 10 minute intervals, PF=1.0

Housing: insulated, robust housing

Protection: IP65 as per EN 60529 with interface cover closed

Safety: TOPAS 1000 is conform to CE-marking, complies to EN 61010-1

EMC: Emission: EN 61326-1: 1997 p. 12, table 3: limits for class A equipment Immunity: Voltage inputs: EN 61326-1: 1997, EN 61326-6/7, amendment A1: 1998

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Power supply: Range AC: 83 V 264 V, 45...65Hz DC: 100 V ... 375 V Safety: IEC/EN 61010-1 300 V CAT II, class I Power consumption: max. 30 VA

In case of a power supply failure an internal accumulator maintains the supply for up to 3 minutes. Afterwards, or in case of discharged accumulators the TOPAS 1000 is turned off and continues the measurements as soon as the supply voltage returns. The accumulator can be replaced by the user.

Display TOPAS 1000 features 9 LEDs as status display for the 8 channels and the power supply.

Power LED Permanent light: normal power supply from mains. Flashing light: supply via internal accumulator in case of a

power failure.

Channel LEDs OFF, brief light ON: too low or no measuring signal ON, brief light OFF: overload Permanent light: channel o.k. Rapid flashing: sensors incorrectly connected.

Data memory: Internal 512 MB Compact Flash card, 1 GB, or 2 GB CF-card optional

Memory model: linear or circular

Interfaces: Ethernet (100MB/s, compatible to Windows 98/ME/NT/2000/XP RS 232 external modem connected to RS 232

Baudrate for RS 232: 9600 Baud 115 kBaud

Dimensions: 325 mm x 300 m x 65 mm (H x W x D)

Weight: appr. 4 kg (without accessories)

Warranty: 2 years

Calibration interval: 2 years recommended Self-test

TOPAS 1000 features comprehensive functions for system diagnosis. The internal data memory, input channels, sensors, interfaces and battery are tested and a diagnosis protocol is created. The analogue channels are tested by measuring the noise voltage and the offset voltage. Block diagram

512 MBCF-card

83 ... 264 V AC100...375 V DC

CPU

Dig. I/O

RS 232

Ethernet

Accu-Management

AccuMains detection

Mains/AccuOvervoltage

protection

V-Sensor

EEPROM

I-Sensor

EEPROM

FIFO

Clock generationSynchronisation

AC

DC

Sensor-IDevaluation

Signal conditioning

Sampling The sampling rate is synchronised to mains frequency in the range from 45 - 65 Hz with a resolution of 10 ppm and is 6.400 Hz in the 50 Hz network. The absolute error for frequency measurements is 200 ppm.

Measurement intervals Voltage, current rms values: 10 ms, 3 s, 10 min, 24 h. Min-, Max-values: 10 ms rms values Transients: 100 kHz 10 MHz sample rate per channel Frequency: 10 s, 3 s, 10 min, 1 h, 24 h Harmonics: 160 ms / 320 ms Flicker: as per EN 61000-4-15: 10 min (Pst), 2 h (Plt) Measurement inputs

TOPAS 1000 features 8 galvanically isolated inputs for voltage and current measurements.

Safety: 600 V CAT III

Nominal voltage (rms): 200 mV

Range (peak value): 280 mV

Overload capacity (rms): 1000 V, continuously

Voltage rise rate: max. 15 kV/s

Input resistance: 1 M

Input capacitance: 5 pF

Intrinsic error: < 1% between 0 2500 Hz

Intrinsic error for harmonics: class A as per EN 61000-4-7

Each channel is equipped with a passive low-pass filter, an anti-aliasing filter and a 16-bit A/D converter. All channels are sampled synchronously with a common quartz-controlled clock pulse.

The filters protect against voltage transients and limit the signal rise rate, reduce high frequency components and especially the noise voltage above half the sampling rate of the A/D converter by 80dB, thus achieving very small measuring errors in an exceptionally large amplitude range. This is also valid under extreme operating conditions like transient voltages at the output of converters.

TOPAS 1000 effects measurements with precisely defined frequency response. Between the 3dB limit frequency at 0.45-fold sampling frequency and the 1.2 higher frequency the amplitude response falls 80dB below the A/D converters resolution. Particular attention is paid to identical phase responses of the analogue inputs in order to avoid errors during power measurement.

Frequency response 0 Hz to 2500 Hz Signal level: 100%, sampling rate fs = 10.24 kHz:

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Frequency response from 0 Hz to 100 kHz - Signal level: 100%

Phase difference between any input channels Signal frequency: 0 0.54 fs

Linearity - Signal frequency: 50Hz, sampling rate fs = 6.4 kHz:

Accuracy

The total measuring error of the measurement system TOPAS 1000 including voltage or current sensor is far below class 0.5 and the error for harmonics complies with class A of standard EN 61000-4-7. TOPAS 1000 is suited for current, voltage and power measurements at the output of frequency converters. Current measurements on the converter with shunts are possible. Taking into account the maximum voltage rise rate the same error indications apply. The total error results from the error of the TOPAS 1000 measurement channel and the error of the connected sensor. The error values apply to reference conditions, warmed up instrument without sensors up to the maximum voltage rise rate.

Frequency Signal level Errors U, I

in % of m. v. Errors for power, PF=1

in % of m. v.

50 Hz 100 %

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Measurement functions - overview

Power quality all parameters as per EN50160

1 day average values

Free intervall (1 min 1 day)

10 minute average values: voltage, current, frequency, Flicker, power values, symmetrical components

Events, triggers Dips, swells, interruptions

3 sec average values: Harmonics, THD

Rms values

Averaging time adjustable between

10 ms 1 day

Sample rate: 10,24 kHz / channel

Transients: 100 kHz 10 MHz / channel

Ripple control signals on phases and N-conductor Voltage, current active power

Online mode oscilloscope transients events

Configuration

Before starting data logging TOPAS 1000 must be configured with a computer and the TOPAS software. Configuration files can be stored, loaded and compiled with menu-guidance. The configuration menu provides for the following settings: Descriptive text

A descriptive text can be entered into a text box with information on the measurement.

Nominal values and limit values

All the limits complying with EN 50160 can be set.

Interharmonics

The rms value of all interharmonics and the TID is measured. If a preset threshold is exceeded oscilloscope values are recorded and the interharmonics can be evaluated. Measuring time

Start time and stop time for measurement campaigns can be defined. A universal time trigger records pre-selected parameters during defined time periods, also periodically if required. Memory management

The amount of memory for various measurement parameters can be reserved. This will avoid the memory being fi lled unintentionally e.g. with oscilloscope values. The memory management can be circular or linear. Linear: no more data is stored on reaching the memory limit. Circular: the oldest data records are overwritten.

Trigger conditions

TOPAS 1000 can determine the trigger thresholds automatically. This operating mode requires no settings. The trigger thresholds can also be set manually by the user. If the trigger thresholds are exceeded harmonics, rms values and powers, oscilloscope views of current and voltage, transients and signalling voltages can be recorded.

It is also possible to trigger upon exceeding one or more harmonics (1 50). For all channels it is possible to trigger on upper or lower violation of oscilloscope or rms threshold values. Hardware settings

Current and voltage sensors can be connected to any channel. The assignment measured quantity channel and the setting of the measuring range are effected during configuration. Certain measuring ranges or sensors can be predefined. If the wrong sensor is connected in that case the measuring instrument will react by flashing the LED of the respective channel. An additional scaling factor can be entered for each channel: the transformer ratio of current or voltage transformers can be taken into account. Measuring data analysis

The measuring results are presented graphically as level time diagrams, or cumulative frequency functions, or bar diagrams. Different data can be superimposed in one diagram. Each data point can be selected by cursor and its data displayed in numerical fields. Sections of a diagram can be exported as a text table. Copy & Paste via the Windows clipboard is possible. ASCII-tables can be imported into spreadsheet applications. Day extreme value presentations compress data out of long-term recordings to comprehensive evaluations. A configurable report writer provides repetitive protocol generation. EN 50160 analysis

This analysis provides a rapid overview of the power quality. By red and green bars we can see whether the PQ is compliant or if further investigations are necessary.

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Power quality overview as per EN50160 in CODAM format:

A compliance report (text protocol) can be issued immediately. Events list

A compact overview of all events that occurred (30.000 events occupy 1MB of memory only). This list can be transferred without problems even via modem connections.

With the sorting functions it is possible to select and analyse the most important events. Clicking on the items in the list opens immediately detailed presentations (level-time diagrams) for further analysis.

CBEMA presentation

The events can also be displayed in the CBEMA (ANSI) diagram events are classified according to amplitude and duration.

Day extreme values

In this presentation the measurement data of a long period are presented as a day profile.

Oscilloscope

The oscilloscope function is used to evaluate current and voltage waveforms. Highly distorted voltages cause thermal overloads of neutral wires and transformers.

Transients

Transient short voltage swells caused by switching in the network or lightning strikes can destroy electronic devices. Only by means of transients analysis such influences can be examined.

Electronic devices can also be the reason for such interferences which can be located only with fast-sampling transient analysis. Amplitude spectrum of voltage, current and power is provided.

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Ripple control signal analysis

Some equipment like street lighting and heating devices are remote controlled by means of signalling voltages. Multi-tariff meters can also be switched with these signals. Interferences may result in comprehensive, time-consuming analysis and damage to equipment.

This function provides a very useful tool to detect the source of interferences. All quantities which could influence these signals are analysed and displayed (signal level too low, pulse rise rate too low,...) Test probes technical specification

Voltage probes for various ranges between 200 mV and 1000 V are available for TOPAS 1000.

Current sensors for direct current measurement (shunts) are available between 20 mA and 5 A.

Passive current clamps (AC only) are available in ranges with 1 A up to 1000 A, 2 ranges can be selected in the TOPAS software. Flexible current sensors (LEM~flex) are available for ranges between 100 A and 6000 A AC, 2 ranges can be selected in the TOPAS software.

All probes contain a memory for calibration factors, sensor identity and serial number which is read automatically by TOPAS 1000. Ranges can be selected in the TOPAS software.

Other measuring transducers can be used in front of these standard sensors. Voltage Sensors

Temperature drift: 100 ppm / K Aging:

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Scope of delivery, accessories, service

Power Quality Analyser

TOPAS 1000 Standard equipment

8 channels (4 x current / 4 x voltage or 8 x voltage), EN50160 + Ripple control option, Ethernet, RS232 interface, 512 MB CF-card A 5505 10010

TOPAS 1000 TS TOPAS 1000 3 LEM~flex 200 A / 1000 A, 3 sensors 400 V, trigger option, carrying case A 5505 10011

TOPAS 1000 S TOPAS 1000 3 LEM~flex 200 A / 1000 A, 3 sensors 400 V EP1130A

TOPAS 1000 S TOPAS 1000 3 x 1 A / 10 A current probes, 3 sensors 400 V, EP1140A

TOPAS 1000 S TOPAS 1000 3 sensors 400 V EP1150A

Options

Trigger function automatic, manual triggers for 4 voltage channels and 4 current channels or 8 voltage channels, harmonics, THD A 5505 00110

EN50160 EN50160 option for evaluation of power quality + ripple control option EP0160A

Transient analysis 10MHz

for 4 voltage channels, sampling rate: 100 kHz - 10 MHz, range: 6 kV, event storage depth 20 ms - 2 s A 5505 00210

Transient analysis 500kHz

for 4 voltage channels, sampling rate: 100 kHz - 500 kHz, range: 6 kV, event storage depth 400 ms - 2s A 5505 00211

NOTIFY Fault messaging software EK 2100Z

Relay box 8 digital alarm outputs A 5505 00320

1 GB CF-card Memory expansion A 5505 00351 2 GB CF-card Memory expansion EP1523A

Accessories

LEM~flex

100 A / 500 A, 45 cm, 2 m cable EP1205A

200 A / 1000 A, 61 cm, 2 m cable EP1210A

3000 A / 6000 A, 91 cm, 4 m cable EP1360A Current probes

1 A / 10 A, max. conductor cross section 15 mm, 2 m cable A 6805 01049

5 A / 50 A, max. conductor cross section 15 mm, 2 m cable A 6805 01048

20 A / 200 A, max. conductor cross section 15 mm, 2 m cable A 6805 01050

100 A / 1000 A, max. conductor cross section 54 mm, 2 m cable A 6805 01052 Voltage sensors

0.1 V EP1012A

1 V A 6805 02004

5 V EP1002A 10 V EP1110A

100 V A 6805 02001

400 V A 6805 02002

480 V EG 0001Z

400V / 750 V EP1011A

830 V A 6805 02007

1000 V EP1010A Shunts

20 mA A 6805 01057

1 A A 6805 01054 5 A A 6805 01055

GSM modem set A 5505 00330

ETHERNET cable set EP0004A

Adapter for current and power measurements A 6045 10200

Safety adapter with high performance fuse A 6805 02003

Attachement for belt assembly 2 attachements, 1 carrying belt A 5505 00411

Carrying case A 5505 00410

ASC-02 certificate with measurement values E012000030

Printed in EUTechnical modifications reserved

Publication A24330E

Distributor:

www.lem.com LEM NORMA GmbH LEM HEME LTD. LEM Instruments Inc. LEM Instruments, Inc. LEM BE sa/nv Export department Geneva Court 23822 Hawthorne Boulevard #100 Av. Camino Real, 871 Avenue Newton, 8 Liebermannstrae F01 1 Penketh Place US-TORRANCE, CA 90505 dpto. 502 B-1300 Wavre CAMPUS 21 West Pimbo TEL: +1 310 373 09 66 San Isidro - Lima 27 - Per TEL: +32 10 22 67 16 A-2345 BRUNN AM GEBIRGE Skelmersdale, UK-Lancashire WN8 9QX FAX: +1 310 373 90 56 TEL: +51-1- 422 03 08 FAX: +32 10 22 69 98 TEL: +43(0)2236 691 502 TEL: +44(0)1 695 72 07 77 E-mail: liu@lem.com Mobile:+51-1- 9844 55 59 E-mail: lbe@lem.com FAX: +43(0)2236 691 400 FAX: +44(0)1 695 50 704 FAX: +51-1- 221 64 92 E-mail: lna@lem.com E-mail: luk@lem.com E-mail: cpg@lem.com