Fiscal Year Vairant

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his page contains the following topics :

Fiscal Year Variant

Shortened Fiscal Year

Posting Period Variant

Open and Close Posting Periods

5. Assign Company Code To Fiscal Year Variant

6. Special Periods

7. Opening New Fiscal Years

Open and Close Posting Periods

Assign Company Code To Fiscal Year Variant

Special Periods

Opening New Fiscal Years


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EFINING FISCAL YEAR VARIANT, POSTING PERIOD VARIANT, OPEN AND CLO

OSTING PERIOD

day to day life, we are following the year starting from January to December. This is

alled calendar year. But while maintaining financial records, some business organization

aintain records from April to March, some January to December or some in other way. T

eriod from which the financial records are maintained is called Fiscal year. Hence we ne

define Fiscal year as per the need of our business organization.

Fiscal year is divided into posting periods. Each posting period is defined by a start and

nish date. Before you can post documents, you must define posting periods, which in tur

efine fiscal year.

addition to the posting period, you can also define special periods for year-end closing.

General Ledger Accounting , a fiscal year can have maximum of 12 posting periods a

special periods. You can define up to 366 posting period in the Special Purpose Ledge

efining fiscal year is obligatory. One fiscal year can be used by several company codes.

1. Creating Fiscal Year Variant :1. First Screen (Creating Fiscal Year Variant) .. Continuing ..

Menu Path : IMG Menu Financial Accounting Financial Accountin

Global Setting Fiscal YearMaintain Fiscal Year Variant

T-Code : OB29


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2. Second Screen (Creating Fiscal Year Variant) Continuing .


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3. Third Screen (Creating Fiscal Year Variant) Continuing .


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elds of this Screen

FV : April to March Fin Year (Alpha-numeric, It is Field Status variant)

b) Year dependent : (True, if the posting Fiscal Year is yea

dependent, then each years need to be defined individually. This is

necessary, if the end of the period is not linked to a fixed calendar d

c) Calendar year : (True, if the calendar months match wi

Fiscal year month)

No of Posting period : 12 (The year is divided into 12 months. It can be 365 days or

e 2 six month period)

4. Fourth and Last Screen (Creating Fiscal Year Variant)

ote : If Fiscal year and Calendar year is same, there is no problem in configuring the Fis

ear.

nter 29 as the day limit for February. This ensures that the system can also determine the


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ocumentation

Maintain Fiscal Year Variant (Maintain Shortened Fisc. Year)

ou can define the following characteristics for a fiscal year variant:

q how many posting periods a fiscal year has

q how many special periods you need

q how the system is to determine the posting periods when posting

When defining your fiscal year, you have the following options:

r Your fiscal year is the calendar year

In this case, you must only select the Calendar yearfield.

r Your fiscal year is not the same as the calendar year and is not year-

dependent

In this case, you first enter the number of your posting periods in theNumber

posting per. field. To define your posting periods, select your fiscal year varian

and selectPeriods on the navigation screen. On this screen, enter the month an

the day of the period end and the period in each case.

r Your fiscal year is not the same as the calendar year and is year-depende

Enter the number of your posting periods in the fieldNumber posting periods a

select the field Year-dependent. To define your posting periods, select your fisc

year variant and selectPeriods on the navigation screen. The system asks for

which calendar year your year-dependent fiscal year variant is valid. You then

enter the month and day of the period end for each of your periods, and the

periods themselves.


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is also possible to determine names for the periods of a non-year-specific fiscal year

ariant. To do so, select your fiscal year variant and choosePeriod texts on the navigation

reen. You can specify a three-character abbreviation (Jan, Feb, Mar...) and a 20-characte

ng text (January, February, March).

tandard settings

he following fiscal year variants have been created in the standard system:

q Variants in which the fiscal year is the same as the calendar and has up to four speci

periods

q Variants for shortened fiscal years. For more information on shortened fiscal years,

Defining shortened fiscal years .

q Variants for non-calendar fiscal years:

r April to March with four special periods

r July to June with four special periods

r October to September with four special periods

q Variants that are set up on a weekly basis. These variants can only be used in the

Special Purpose Ledger (FI-SL) application.

ctivities

1. Check the standard fiscal year variants.

2. Change the existing variants, if necessary, or create your own variants.

efining shortened fiscal year


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shortened fiscal year is a fiscal year having less than twelve months, but for which year

nd closing must be carried out. The definition of a shortened fiscal year is always year-

ependent, since it represents a year-related exception. You must always define an entire

alendar year when defining a fiscal year variant. The year-related fiscal year variant

erefore contains not only the periods from the shortened fiscal year, but also other periodom the previous or subsequent fiscal year.

here are two ways to define a shortened fiscal year:

q If you only use Financial Accounting (FI) without Asset Accounting (FI-AA) , y

can begin a fiscal year with any period.

Example

If your shortened year goes from January to September, you can assign periods 004 t

012. Assign periods 001 to 003 of the new fiscal year to the months October-Decem

Specify the number of periods for the fiscal year variant (12 in the example above).

Note

Keep in mind that the last period of a fiscal year must correspond to the number of

periods in that year. This means that if you want to define 12 periods, the last period

that year must be number 12.

q If you also implement the Asset Accounting (FI-AA) component or another

component such as Materials Management (MM) or Controlling (CO), each fis

year must begin with period number001 , to allow asset depreciation calculations to

carried out accurately.

For a fiscal year variant, specify the periods and the number of periods the shortened

fiscal year has. This way, each fiscal year of the variant can begin with period 001.

Example

If you define a fiscal year with twelve periods, it can contain a shortened year with n

periods (from 001 to 009 ). The remaining calendar year contains the first three peri

of the new fiscal year (periods 001 to 003 ).


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For more information about implementing the Asset Accounting component, see the

Asset Accounting documentation.

ote

ou define your shortened year and the following normal fiscal years under the same fisca

ear variant. Bear in mind that you generally need to ensure that it is possible to post to

evious fiscal years.

ou need to keep the year-dependent fiscal year variant for as long as you are posting in o

ior to a shortened fiscal year, or if you are transferring old data from this period. You

annot define year- independent fiscal year variants until the shortened fiscal year has bee

osed (from the accounting perspective), with no further adjustment postings expected.

ear-dependent definitions will be deleted as soon as you convert the fiscal year variants

om year-dependent to year-independent.

tandard settings

wo shortened fiscal year variants are provided with the standard system: variant R1 for a

nancial Accounting shortened year, and variant AM for shortened years when Asset

ccounting is in use.

ctivities

1. If you need to define a shortened fiscal year, first determine which of the two opti

above will be used.

2. Define the shortened fiscal year.

To define the shortened year for Asset Accounting, selectNavigation -> Shortened f

yr.

SHORTENED FISCAL YEAR

scal year that contains less than twelve months is called shortened fiscal year. A shorten

scal year is necessary in the following cases, for example :


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o Establishment of a company

o Changeover from calendar year to fiscal year or vice versa

o Liquidation(closer of company)

3. Posting Period Variant :period within a fiscal year for which transaction figures are updated.

very transaction that is posted is assigned to a particular posting period. The transaction

gures are then updated for this period.

2.1. First screen (Creating Posting Period Variant) Continuing


Global Setting Document Define variant for Open Posting periodT-Code : SPRO

2. Second and last screen (Creating Posting Period Variant)


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RIGINAL NOTES FROM SAP

efine Variants for Open Posting Periods

this activity, you can define variants for open posting periods.

tandard settings

the standard setting, a separate variant for posting periods is defined for every company

ode. The name of this variant is identical to the company code name. Every company codallocated to this variant with the same name. Thus nothing has changed in the system ye

very company code has its own variant. If you want to and can continue working on this

asis (for example, if you manage with only a few company codes), you do not have to m

ny changes in the configuration.

however, you want to use identical variants in several company codes, you must change


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e default settings as described in the "Activities" section.

ctivities

1. Change the name in one of the variants.

2. Allocate all company codes, for which you want to use identical variants for open

posting periods, to this variant.

Detailed information on this can be found in the chapter"Allocate company code to

variant".

3. Delete the variants no longer required.

4. Open and Close Posting Periods :3.1. First screen (Creating Open and Close Posting Period ) Continuing


Global Setting Document Open and Close Posting period

T-Code : SPRO


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2. Second and last screen (Creating Open and Close Posting Period )

elds of this Screen

Var (Col) : (Posting Period Variant. This describes the specifications fo

osting period (for example, beginning and end). Each company code refers to exactly one

ariant. Therefore, as many company codes as you require can use the same variant.

A (Col) : (Account Type or Mask )

+ (for all Accounts)

A Assets

D Debtors

K Creditors

M Materials

S GL


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From Acct (col): (This field, together with the specified year, produces the

eginning of the allowed posting period interval.)

To Account (col):

From Per.1 (col) :

Year (col) :

To Period (col) : (The value in this field and the specified year result in the end

e permitted posting period.)

AuGr : (Authorisation group

posting period can be made available to only a limited set of users using the authorizatio

oup.

posting period can be successively restricted. If, e.g. 10 users have the posting period

uthorization with authorization group '0001', and 3 of these 10 users also with authorizati

oup '0002'.

the period is only to be accessible to the 10 selected users the authorization group '0001

ntered in the posting period variant. Access can later be restricted to the remaining 3 user

y entering '0002'.)

5. Assigning Posting Period Variant to Company Code


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1. Assign Company Code To Fiscal Year Variant

RIGINAL NOTES FROM SAP


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pen and Close Posting Periods

this activity you specify for each variant which posting periods are open for posting. Tw

tervals are available for doing this (period 1 and period 2). For every interval, enter a low

eriod limit, an upper period limit and the fiscal year.

ou close periods by selecting the period specifications so that the periods to be closed ar

o longer contained.

ou can also assign authorization groups for permitted posting periods. This means that, f

xample, some posting periods can only be opened for particular users within monthly or

nnual closing. You can only assign the authorization group at document header level and

nly affects period 1. The authorization object is called F_BKPF_BUP (Accounting

ocument: Authorizations for posting periods). Read the corresponding chapter on "User

aintenance" in the "Assigning authorizations" topic.

ote

ou specify G/L account numbers for your specifications. You determine the posting peri

lowed for the subledger accounts via the corresponding reconciliation accounts. To do th

ou specify the subledger account type, such as D or K, and the corresponding reconciliat

count.

aution

here must be at least one entry for each variant. This entry must have + in column A ; theolumns "From acct" and "To account" may not be filled. In the columns for the posting

eriods, you specify the periods which are to be opened for the variant. Via further entries

ou determine more specifically which periods are to be opened for which accounts.

ctivities


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1. Specify the periods allowed for posting.

2. First, for all variants (minimum entry), enter the periods to which postings can be

made.

3. Then, add entries for account types or account areas if the periods are to be limited

certain accounts.

4. Enter an authorization group for each period 1 via which you want to create an

authorization protection.

Special Periods

pecial periods are the periods that subdivide the last regular posting period for closing

perations.

Opening New Fiscal Years

he new fiscal year is automatically opened when you make your first posting in the new

scal year or once the balance carried forward program has been run. You do not have to

ose the old fiscal year before you can post data in the new one. You therefore do not nee

create closing or opening financial statements.

efore opening a new Fiscal years, you have to keep in mind that :

If you are using a year-specific fiscal year variant, you have to first create a variant f

new fiscal year and assign it to the relevant company code.

If you are using year-dependent document number range, you must have to setup new

document number range for the new fiscal year.

The relevant posting period must be opened in the new fiscal year.


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Documents

Fiscal Year Vairant