Final Pvc Rpt 2009julyr

Paleontology • Archaeology • History

Cogstone Resource Management

1518 West Taft Avenue, Orange, California 92865 [email protected] www.cogstone.com ph 714-974-8300 fx 714-974-8303 toll free 888-497-0700

CULTURAL RESOURCES MONITORING

FINAL REPORT FOR THE

POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY AREA,

CITY OF POMONA, CALIFORNIA

Prepared for: Western University

309 E. 2nd Street Pomona, CA, 91766

Submitted to:

City of Pomona Planning Division Attn: Judy Kollar

Authors:

Amy Glover and Sherri Gust

Principal Investigator: Sherri Gust

Registered Professional Archaeologist

May 2009

Type of Study: Archaeological Monitoring Report Sites: P-19-188087, P-19-003758 USGS Quadrangle: Ontario 1978; photo revised 1981 Area: less than 1 acre Key Words: Pomona Valley Creamery, Pomona, dairy, historic trash pits, late nineteenth century domes-tic refuse, early twentieth century domestic refuse

Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................... IV

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................1 PURPOSE OF STUDY ....................................................................................................................................................1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................................................................2 PROJECT PERSONNEL..................................................................................................................................................5

HISTORIC BACKGROUND .....................................................................................................................................6

FIELD INVESTIGATIONS .....................................................................................................................................16 METHODS ................................................................................................................................................................16 RESULTS ..................................................................................................................................................................16

Feature 1 ............................................................................................................................................................19 Feature 2 ............................................................................................................................................................21 Feature 3 ............................................................................................................................................................23 Feature 4 ............................................................................................................................................................24 Surface Collection..............................................................................................................................................30

CONCLUSIONS........................................................................................................................................................40

RECOMMENDATIONS...........................................................................................................................................41 PROPOSED NEW CULTURAL RESOURCES CONDITIONS .............................................................................................41

REFERENCES CITED.............................................................................................................................................43

APPENDIX A: QUALIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................................45

APPENDIX B: FUNCTIONAL ARTIFACT CLASSIFICATION ......................................................................48

APPENDIX C. CATALOG......................................................................................................................................50

APPENDIX D. SITE RECORD ..............................................................................................................................78


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Table of Figures

FIGURE 1. PROJECT VICINITY .........................................................................................................................................1 FIGURE 2. PROJECT AREA...............................................................................................................................................2 FIGURE 3. PROJECT AERIAL BEFORE CONSTRUCTION ....................................................................................................3 FIGURE 4. CAMPUS MAP AFTER CONSTRUCTION ...........................................................................................................4 FIGURE 5. A BIRD’S EYE VIEW OF POMONA BEFORE 1925 ..............................................................................................6 FIGURE 6. 1895 SANBORN MAP SHOWING A SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENCE WITH AN OUTHOUSE ON THE PROPERTY ...........8 FIGURE 7. 1906 SANBORN MAP SHOWING THE SAME RESIDENCE WITH A STABLE ON THE PROPERTY .............................8 FIGURE 8. 737 E. 2ND STREET .........................................................................................................................................9 FIGURE 9. 1911 SANBORN MAP SHOWING THE NEWLY BUILT POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY ......................................10 FIGURE 10. ADVERTISEMENT FOR THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY IN THE 1919-20 POMONA CITY DIRECTORY

(POMONA PUBLIC LIBRARY) ...............................................................................................................................10 FIGURE 11. 1928 SANBORN MAP SHOWING IMPROVEMENTS TO CREAMERY................................................................12 FIGURE 12. 1928 AERIAL MAP SHOWING THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY AREA ......................................................13 FIGURE 13. 1949 AERIAL SHOWING THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY AREA..............................................................14 FIGURE 14. 1968 AERIAL SHOWING THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY AREA..............................................................14 FIGURE 15. EARLY 1950S POSTCARD OF THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY (POMONA HERITAGE).............................15 FIGURE 16. LOCATION OF FEATURES ...........................................................................................................................17 FIGURE 17. PHARMACEUTICAL BOTTLE WITH CONTENTS.............................................................................................20 FIGURE 18. HARD RUBBER COMB.................................................................................................................................21 FIGURE 19. UNIDENTIFIED GLASS STOPPER OR CHANDELIER PENDANT ........................................................................22 FIGURE 20. CERAMIC DISH FRAGMENTS WITH FLORAL DESIGN ....................................................................................23 FIGURE 21. AQUA BOTTLE BASE ..................................................................................................................................24 FIGURE 22. CARTER’S INK BOTTLE ..............................................................................................................................27 FIGURE 23. BISQUE DOLL LEG......................................................................................................................................29 FIGURE 24. GLAZED PORCELAIN DOLL LEG..................................................................................................................29 FIGURE 25. BISQUE DOLL HEAD ...................................................................................................................................29 FIGURE 26. ABALONE UTENSIL HANDLE. .....................................................................................................................30 FIGURE 27. POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY BOTTLE BASE.............................................................................................33 FIGURE 28. COD LIVER OIL BOTTLE..............................................................................................................................34 FIGURE 29. MELLIN’S FOOD SAMPLE BOTTLE ..............................................................................................................34 FIGURE 30. FRANK MILLER’S CROWN DRESSING SHOE POLISH BOTTLE.......................................................................35 FIGURE 31. ARTHUR J. WILKINSON BOWL BASE ..........................................................................................................37 FIGURE 32. CHINESE JAR .............................................................................................................................................38 FIGURE 33. GLAZED PORCELAIN DOLL HEAD ...............................................................................................................38 FIGURE 34. WATCH FOB ..............................................................................................................................................39

Table of Tables

TABLE 1. SUMMARY OF MATERIALS FROM THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY SITE ....................................................18 TABLE 2. FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES REPRESENTED IN FEATURES................................................................................18 TABLE 3. FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES REPRESENTED IN SURFACE COLLECTIONS ...........................................................19 TABLE 4. ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM FEATURE 1......................................................................................19 TABLE 5. ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM FEATURE 2......................................................................................21 TABLE 6. ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM FEATURE 3......................................................................................24 TABLE 7. ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM FEATURE 4......................................................................................24 TABLE 8. ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM THE SURFACE..................................................................................30


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The historic Pomona Valley Creamery building (California Historic Resource 19-188087) on E. 2nd Street on the campus of Western University in Pomona was demolished by construction per-sonnel working on the block. A block bounded by 2nd Street on the south, 1st Street on the north, Linden Street on the west and Eleanor Street on the east was being graded for classroom facilities. The City subsequently required the University to perform mitigation consisting of retaining quali-fied cultural resources personnel to survey the property, monitor construction, develop a history of the creamery and prepare a display for the Pomona Valley Historical Society. The block originally contained single-family residences on each of four parcels. In 1911, the resi-dence at 611 E. 2nd St. was torn down. A creamery building and a shed were constructed in that year for the Pomona Valley Creamery. The Creamery was first opened for business in 1912 by Leonard Hargrave and Blanchard. This was the first creamery to be established in the Pomona Val-ley. Cogstone Resource Management Inc. conducted an archaeological survey of the rough graded pro-ject site on March 20, 2007. A total of twenty artifacts were recovered from the project block dur-ing survey. Cogstone conducted monitoring of the project in June and July of 2007 in concert with construction grading. Some 270 artifacts were recovered during monitoring from four discrete trash pits plus surface scatter. All of the trash pits appear to predate the Creamery (based on artifact dates) and were most likely deposited by the residences visible on historic maps from 1895 to 1910. Over 55 per cent of the artifacts are domestic in function and are dominated by glass and ceramics. Beverage, food and medicine/toiletry bottles are most abundant. Ceramics include dishes, a Chinese stoneware jar and doll parts. These trash pits were formally recorded as California Historic Resource P-19-003758. Cogstone has installed a permanent display at the Pomona Valley Historical Society. The well-preserved artifacts and history of the early Pomona residents who lived on the property before the Creamery are featured. Future cultural resources assessments in old downtown Pomona should be conducted by qualified historical archaeologists and should include review of Sanborn and other historic maps to determine the potential for subsurface historical archaeological resources. No grading should be permitted without a prior assessment study. Mitigation recommendations from the assessment report should become project grading conditions. The requirement for presence of archaeological monitors or other cultural resource requirements should be printed on the approved grading plans to make the grading contractor responsible in addition to the project proponent.


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INTRODUCTION PURPOSE OF STUDY The historic Pomona Valley Creamery building (California Historic Resource 19-188087) on E.

2nd Street on the campus of Western University in Pomona (Figure 1.1) was demolished by con-

struction personnel working on the block. The City subsequently required the University to per-

form mitigation consisting of retaining qualified cultural resources personnel to survey the prop-

erty, monitor construction, develop a history of the Creamery and prepare a display for the

Pomona Valley Historical Society.

Figure 1. Project vicinity

Project Area


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PROJECT DESCRIPTION A block bounded by 2nd Street on the south, 1st Street on the north, Linden Street on the west and

Eleanor Street on the east was graded for classroom facilities (Figure 1-4). The project area is

approximately one quarter of an acre. The northwest corner of the creamery building was for-

merly located at UTM Zone 11S 431324mE 3768855mN.

Figure 2. Project area

Project Area


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Figure 3. Project Aerial before Construction

Creamery Bldg


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Figure 4. Campus Map after Construction

Area graded and resulting new Veterinary Clinical Center


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PROJECT PERSONNEL Cogstone Resource Management Inc. was retained to perform the mitigation. Sherri Gust, Reg-

istered Professional Archaeological, was the Principal Investigator and Project Manager. She

also wrote portions of the report. Gust has a M.S. in Anatomy (Evolutionary Morphology) from

the University of Southern California, a B.S. in Anthropology from the University of California

at Davis and over twenty-nine years of experience.

Steven McCormick, B.A. Anthropology, California State University at Long Beach, and Amy

Glover, B.S. Anthropology, University of California at Riverside, conducted the field survey.

Glover also performed monitoring, laboratory work, historic artifact analysis and wrote the arti-

fact section of this report. Short resumes of project personnel are provided elsewhere (Appen-

dix A).

Pomona Valley Creamery

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HISTORIC BACKGROUND Although the first settlers of Pomona were the Gabrielenos, during the 1700s the valley was

known as Rancho San Jose and was part of Mission San Gabriel’s grazing lands. Early in the

nineteenth century, two soldiers, Don Ingacio Palomares and Don Ricardo Vejar petitioned the

governor for rights to the land, and on April 15, 1837 the rights were granted. In 1863 Vejar's

portion, Rancho San Abajo, was passed on to two merchants from Los Angeles, and then on to

Louis Phillips in 1866. Phillips sold 5,600 acres to a group of speculators in 1875, who laid out

the present street grid (Figure 5). They named the area "Pomona" after the Roman goddess of

fruit and fruit trees. [Pomona Chamber of Commerce 2009]

Figure 5. A bird’s eye view of Pomona before 1925 The Southern Pacific Railroad was built through the area in the 1870s. In 1876 a financial panic

and a bankruptcy auction of land brought new people. Pomona incorporated as a city in 1888,


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partly to get rid of the growing number of saloons cropping up. However, they weren’t success-

ful until 1911, when the city became dry eight years before the 18th Amendment was passed.

Vineyards flourished in the 1880s, supplying the winemaking and raisin industries. Citrus or-

chards and olive groves replaced vineyards in the 1890's and, through its agricultural enterprises,

Pomona maintained an economic lead in the valley. [Downtown Pomona Owners Association

2008; Pomona Chamber of Commerce 2009]

Pomona is credited with having the valley’s first telephone via Los Angeles (1885), the world’s

first high voltage transmission line (1892), the valley’s first hospital (1904), the world’s first

wireless coordination of aerial bombing attacks at an air show (1914), the first automated tele-

phone switchboard west of the Mississippi (1915) and the first city in America to require gar-

bage disposals in new homes (1952). The LA County Fairgrounds were established in 1922.

[Downtown Pomona Owners Association 2008]

The Interstate 10 freeway was constructed through Pomona in 1954, destroying homes and driv-

ing businesses away. Starting in 1977, antique store owners, artists and the Western University

of Health Sciences began refurbishing historic buildings downtown; in 1994 the City recognized

downtown as a major educational and cultural district. The fairgrounds also developed into the

Fairplex in 1984, becoming a year-round venue for expositions and entertainment. [Downtown

Pomona Owners Association 2008]

The Pomona Valley Creamery was originally located in a residential neighborhood with subdi-

vided city lots. In fact, the Creamery itself was situated on a former house lot. The 1895 and

1906 Sanborn Maps show the single-story, single family residence that the Creamery replaced

(Figure 6, Figure 7). The 1895 Sanborn Map shows that the home had an outhouse to the north-

west corner of the property but the 1906 map shows that by that time the outhouse had been re-

moved and a stable had been built.


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The 1909-1910 Pomona City Directory provided listings of those who lived on this block, as

well as on the block to the east (Table 1). The homes on these blocks were small, unassuming

buildings with little decoration (Figure 8).

Figure 6. 1895 Sanborn map showing a single family residence with an outhouse on the prop-erty

Figure 7. 1906 Sanborn Map showing the same residence with a stable on the property


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Figure 8. 737 E. 2nd Street Table 1. List of residents from the 1909-1910 Pomona City Directory 611 D.M. Drinnon, laborer; Miss Pearl Drinnon, Sanitary Laundry 637 Mrs. Lola sands, Pomona Steam Laundry 661 Frank Lacey, teamster, National Lumber Company 687 Mary Moore; Jessie Moore; Miss Martha Moore, Pomona Steam Laundry 719 Mrs. Mary Frantzmeier 737 George M. Peer, machinist, Pomona Manufacturing Company 751 Unknown 757 Unknown 765 Unknown 781 David L. Close, laborer; Ray close, clerk, Bowen's Dry Goods; Miles Newman, retired 797 G.E. Bevers, retired; Miss Josie Mundell, The Progress; Miss Linda Mundell, Pomona Steam Laundry


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The 1911 Sanborn map shows that the Pomona Valley Creamery has taken the place of the resi-

dence at 661 E. 2nd Street and built a small shed as well as retaining the stable to the center rear

of the property (Figure 9). The 1911 Pomona City Directory listings show that the residents sur-

rounding the Creamery have changed as well (Table 2). The Creamery opened for business in

1912 by Leonard Hargrave and George Blanchard (LSA Associates 2007). The Pomona Valley

Creamery was the first creamery to be established in Pomona Valley (Figure 10).

Figure 9. 1911 Sanborn Map showing the newly built Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 10. Advertisement for the Pomona Valley Creamery in the 1919-20 Pomona City Di-rectory (Pomona Public Library)


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Table 2. List of residents from the 1911 Pomona City Directory 611 Mrs. Mary JB Hughes 637 Canuto Loy, laborer 661 Pomona Valley Creamery

687 Jessie M. Moore, clerk; Mary A. Moore (widow of Charlie); Mattie Moore, Pomona Steam Laundry; Al-fred Smith, janitor, Christian church

719 Mrs. Mary Frantzmeier

737 Horace L. Murphy, molder, Pomona Manufacturing Company; George M. Peer, machinist, Pomona Manufacturing Company

751 Julia B. Tubbs (widow of Luther E.); Winthrop D. Tubbs (Tubbs and Dawson), San Joaquin Land Com-pany

757 Unknown 765 George W. Billings, rancher; Mary M. Billings (widow of Alonzo W.) 781 Henry M. Sanks, machinehand; James W. Sanks, engineer; John B. Sanks, civil engineer 797 Charlie P. Gregg, laborer; Marguerite L. Kendell, dressmaker

By 1916, the residents of the neighborhood had changed yet again and the block to the east had

added more addresses (Table 3).

Table 3. List of residents from the 1916-1917 Pomona City Directory 611 Mary J. Hughes (widow of JW) 637 Frank Aquilara, laborer 661 Pomona Valley Creamery 687 Unknown 719 Mrs. Mary Frantzmeier 721 Fred E. Hoard; George E. Hoard, student 737 Edward Lathrop

745 Ella Pride (widow of NH); George N. Pride, laborer; James L. Pride, laborer; Lee J. Pride, student; Norman Pride, laborer

751 Unknown 757 Unknown 765 Unknown

781 Frank C. Sanks, Booth and Sanks (blacksmiths); Henry M. Sanks, lineman, Edison Company; James W. Sanks

797 Unknown The 1928 Sanborn Map shows that the creamery had made some improvements such as an L-

shaped open addition and an addition to the stable. The shed was moved as well (Figure 11).


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Figure 11. 1928 Sanborn Map showing improvements to Creamery Also of note is the change in the surrounding neighborhood. By 1928 the houses surrounding

the Creamery are gone (Figure 12, Figure 13). The blocks to the north and to the west of the

Creamery are commercial, although the blocks to the south and to the east of the Creamery are

still residential.


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Figure 12. 1928 aerial map showing the Pomona Valley Creamery area The 1950 Sanborn Map shows significant changes to the rear of the main building, with the sta-

ble having been demolished and an L-shaped truck loading dock having been constructed in its

place. A boiler room was also added. The 1949 aerial and the 1950 Sanborn maps show the de-

creasing number of residential areas surrounding the Creamery (Figure 13). The block to the

east of the Creamery is now mostly commercial. By 1968 the entire area is commercial, with

Western University having constructed a parking lot to the south of the Creamery (Figure 14).


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Figure 13. 1949 aerial showing the Pomona Valley Creamery area

Figure 14. 1968 aerial showing the Pomona Valley Creamery area


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The Pomona Valley Creamery building was a one-story industrial square building with an asym-

metrical façade. It was constructed from ornamental concrete block, popular from about 1905

through the 1920s. The doors were wood, as were the double hung sash window sashes. At one

point and up until 1955, the Creamery had a metal sign in the shape of a milk bottle with the

words “Pomona Valley Creamery” painted on it. Neon tubing outlined the sign, which sat above

the roofline on the east elevation on a pair of metal posts. Sometime around the early 1950s, the

Creamery itself was painted white with blue trim around the doors, windows and attic vents

(Figure 15).

Figure 15. Early 1950s postcard of the Pomona Valley Creamery (Pomona Heritage) By the mid-1950s the Creamery outgrew its small facilities on E. 2nd Street and moved to Mont-

clair. The Creamery building remained vacant for a number of years before eventually housing a

number of retail shops such as a screen-making business and a shoe store. It was then owned by

Western University and sat vacant again until it was demolished in November 2006.


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FIELD INVESTIGATIONS METHODS Cogstone Resource Management Inc. conducted an archaeological survey of the rough graded

project site on March 20, 2007. The survey consisted of a two person crew walking parallel

transects spaced at approximately 4 meter intervals over the project parcel while closely inspect-

ing the ground surface. The project location and some detailed features were photographed to

document the condition of the proposed project area. The goals of the survey were to find any

artifacts or features that could be associated with the demolished historic creamery. A total of

twenty artifacts were recovered from the project block during survey. Most of the diagnostic

artifacts were determined to be domestic and consisted of glass, ceramic, metal and bone. All

were recovered from the easternmost lot but were scattered in location. These have been inte-

grated into the surface finds section below.

Cogstone conducted monitoring of the project in June and July of 2007 in concert with construc-

tion grading. The construction contractor failed to properly notify Cogstone of the start of grad-

ing and an additional incident of non-compliance occurred when the contractor did not inform

Cogstone of resumption of grading activity after a down period. Some 270 artifacts were recov-

ered during monitoring from four discrete trash pits and scatter.

Artifacts recovered were cleaned, identified and photographed. They were also classified into

functional categories and catalogued (Appendix B, C). Artifacts in good condition have been

placed on permanent display at the Pomona Ebell Museum of History. The historical archaeo-

logical site was formally recorded as California Historic Resource P-19-003758 (Appendix D).

RESULTS Three small discrete trash pits (Features 1-3 from north to south) were discovered along the lot

line between the Pomona Valley Creamery parcel and the one just east of it on the northern half

of the parcel and a large trash pit (Feature 4) was discovered along the western property line at

about the midpoint (Figure 16). All of the trash pits appear to predate the Creamery (based on


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artifact dates) and were most likely deposited by the residence visible on historic maps from

1895 to 1910 although they may also have been deposited by the neighboring residences on each

side.

Scatters of artifacts were discovered after both instances of grading without Cogstone’s presence

and likely result from disturbance of the trash pits and subsequent redistribution of the artifacts

by the machinery. The trash pit artifact concentrations were found between 4-9 feet below the

original ground surface. Feature 1 was the only one to contain ash in addition to artifacts.

Figure 16. Location of Features Numerically, cultural materials from surface collection were most abundant. However, since

demolition and grading preceded Cogstone’s arrival on the project many of the surface items

could have been displaced from one or more of the trash pits by the earthmoving activities. This

is supported by the similarity between the material types recovered. Overwhelmingly, glass and

ceramics dominate the collection, although bone, carbon, metal, rubber, shell and wood were

also present (Table 4).


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Table 4. Summary of materials recovered

Material Feature 1 Feature 2 Feature 3 Feature 4 Surface Collection Grand Total Bone 1 4 5 Carbon 1 1 Ceramic 2 39 65 106 Glass 8 11 4 44 79 146 Metal 1 10 12 23 Rubber 1 2 3 Shell 5 5 Wood 1 1 Grand Total 10 14 4 99 163 290

Artifacts associated with Feature 1 generally represent domestic and personal activities (Table

5). Except for twelve fragments of one milk bottle, none of the artifacts appear to be related to

the Creamery or to other commercial activities in the area. Most of the artifacts associated with

Feature 2 can not be definitely placed in a category; those that can generally represent domestic

activities and do not appear to be generally related to the Creamery or to other commercial ac-

tivities, except for the possibility of milk bottle fragments. The category distribution of artifacts

in Feature 3 is generally the same as those in Feature 2. As discussed above, the bulk of the as-

semblage is provided by Feature 4. The vast majority of these artifacts represent domestic ac-

tivities, and unlike the other features, artifacts recovered from Feature 4 could possibly be related

to the Creamery or to other commercial activities in the area.

Table 5. Functional categories represented in Features

Category Feature 1 Feature 2 Feature 3 Feature 4 Grand Total Activities 5 5 Domestic 63 31 3 67 164 Indefinite Use 2 46 3 18 69 Personal 11 11 22 Structural 11 11 Unidentified Use 2 1 1 18 22 Grand Total 78 78 7 130 293

The following table presents a summary of what activities are represented by the items recovered

during the surface collection, both during the survey and during monitoring activities. Domestic

artifacts account for 56% of the trashpits and the surface collection demonstrating their unity of


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origin. Percentages of the other categories are also very similar to one another (Table 5, 6).

Table 6. Functional categories represented in surface collections

Category Surface Collection Activities 10 Domestic 113 Indefinite Use 44 Industrial 3 Personal 18 Structural 9 Unidentified Use 4 Grand Total 201

Feature 1 Feature 1 is a trash pit with 78 specimens, most of which are glass (Table 7). Carbon and rubber

are also represented by a single item each.

Table 7. Items by material collected from Feature 1

Item Carbon Glass Rubber Grand

Total Bottle 2 2 Bottle, milk 12 12 Bottle, pharmaceutical 10 10 Comb 1 1 Glass, decorative 3 3 Lamp chimney 48 48 Unidentified 1 1 2 Grand Total 1 76 1 78

Glass Among the diagnostic glass artifacts (whole and fragments) are milk bottle fragments and a

pharmaceutical bottle. Glass from a decorative piece and fragments of a lamp chimney were

also recovered. Only clear and cobalt glass occur in this trash pit.

Datable glass items date from the mid-1870s up to 1969, but have overlapping manufacture dates

suggesting a general deposition date of the beginning of the 20th-century. A discussion of the

diagnostic items follows.


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Two fragments of one clear, paneled bottle with unidentified contents embossed with an encir-

cled “A” were recovered. This mark is attributed to the glass division of the Armstrong Cork

Company, which operated in Lancaster, Pennsylvania between 1938 and 1969 (Whitten n.d.).

One whole, cobalt pharmaceutical bottle was recovered (Figure 17). The bottle was manufac-

tured on a cup mold with a tooled, patent finish; method of manufacture combined with the small

size of the bottle suggests a date between the mid-1870s and the 1910s (Lindsey 2007). When

retrieved, the bottle was corked and contained bits of paper and a dozen dark, round, pea-sized

objects. Although classified as

a pharmaceutical bottle based

on size and shape, cobalt was a

common color for poisonous

substances and cosmetics

(Lindsey 2007).

Figure 17. Pharmaceutical bottle with contents Twelve fragments of one milk bottle were also recovered from the Feature 1 trash pit. Unlike

the common milk bottle capseat finish used from the 1910s, this milk bottle has only a wide bead

finish and no capseat. The bottle was blown in a mold with a tooled finish, indicating manufac-

ture occurred before the 1910s (Lindsey 2007). As such, it is unlikely it is associated with the

Creamery. Embossed lettering on the bottle is illegible.

Other A large, vulcanized rubber comb found in the Feature 1 trash pit is marked ATLANTIC (Figure

18). Information on the manufacturer can not be obtained; between 1849 and 1851 Nelson

Goodyear patented the manufacture of vulcanized, or hard, rubber (IMACS 2001).


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Figure 18. Hard rubber comb

A rectangular, unidentified object made up of carbon was retained. As the identity of the object

is unknown, any possible date of manufacture can not be determined.

Feature 2 Feature 2 is a trash pit with 80 artifacts, most of which are glass and all of which are in very poor

condition (Table 8). Ceramic and metal are the materials that made up the remainder of the arti-

facts, but only the glass items are helpful in ascertaining possible deposition dates.


Item Ceramic Glass Metal Grand

Total Bottle 46 46 Bottle, milk 6 6 Dish, flatware 12 12 Glass, drinking 14 14 Pin 1 1 Unidentified 1 1 Grand Total 12 67 1 80

Glass The diagnostic glass artifacts in Feature 2 consist of several bottle fragments, datable only by

method of manufacture. Apple and olive green and clear glass occur in the trash pit.

Datable glass items date from the 1880s to the 1940s, overlapping manufacture dates suggest a

general deposition date of around 1910. A discussion of the diagnostic items follows.


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Eighteen of the olive green fragments exhibit faint concentric rings, indicative of manufacture on

a turn mold. Lindsey (2007) states that the majority of bottles produced on a turn mold date be-

tween 1880 and 1915.

Six fragments of one clear milk bottle were recovered. Mold seams on the capseat finish indi-

cate the bottle was produced by a press-and-blow machine, which was the main method of

manufacturing milk bottles from the 1920s through the 1940s (Lindsey 2007).

Non-diagnostic glass include a round, clear bottle base embossed BOYD'S/[I]MPROVED (likely

from a canning jar) and an apple green bottle body fragment embossed …WATER (superim-

posed over …N A…). Several

clear fragments from drinking

glasses were also recovered, as

was a faceted piece of clear glass

(Figure 19).

Figure 19. Unidentified glass stopper or chandelier pendant Ceramic Twelve fragments making up one earthenware dish were recovered; the rim of the dish has a

molded design and the overall pattern is a red and green decalcomania floral design (Figure 20).

There is no maker’s mark and the dish remains unable to be dated.


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Figure 20. Ceramic dish fragments with floral design Metal A small straight pin with a round, blue, ceramic head was collected but is not diagnostic. Feature 3 Feature 3 is also a trash pit from which 5 glass artifacts in poor condition were collected (Table

9). An aqua bottle base is the only diagnostic artifact in Feature 3 (Figure 21). Its manufacture

on a cup mold suggests a deposition date of the 1890s to the 1910s; this serves as the only date

for the trash pit. The other glass found consists of clear and white milkglass fragments. One

drinking glass rim fragment has the same pattern as one from Feature 2, but there is no cross-

mend.


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Item Glass Grand Total

Bottle 3 3 Glass, drinking 1 1 Unidentified 1 1 Grand Total 5 5

Figure 21. Aqua bottle base Feature 4 The largest trash pit, Feature 4, yielded the highest number of artifacts (Table 10). Most of these

represent domestic activities not likely associated with the Creamery, but some artifacts repre-

sent activities that are more ambiguous as to what they were originally associated with. Glass

and ceramic materials made up the bulk of the Feature 4 assemblage, followed by metal, faunal

bone, shell and rubber.


Item Bone Ceramic Glass Metal Shell Grand

Total Bone 10 10 Boot 1 Bottle 16 16 Bottle, alcohol 3 3 Bottle, food 1 1 Bottle, ink 3 3 Bottle, milk 6 6 Bottle, toiletry 1 1 Bracket 1 1 Crock 1 1 Cup 1 1 2 Dish 6 6 Dish, decorative 2 2 Dish, flatware 22 22 Dish, hollowware 7 2 9 Doll 3 3 Glass, decorative 1 1


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Item Bone Ceramic Glass Metal Shell Grand

Total Hand drill 1 1 Handle 1 1 2 Handle, cup 1 1 Hoe 1 1 Insulator 1 1 Insulator, nail knob 3 3 Jar 3 3 Jar, cold cream 1 1 Jar, toiletry 2 2 Lid liner 2 2 Ring 1 1 Shell 8 8 Spice shaker 1 1 Spring 1 1 Unidentified 4 7 11 Window 2 2 Wiring cleat 1 1 Grand Total 10 46 50 14 9 129

Glass A total of 50 glass specimens were recovered from Feature 4, representing six activity groups

including domestic, personal and structural. Among the diagnostic glass fragments, beverages,

cosmetic and other toiletry products, inks and food storage are represented. The glass colors in-

clude clear, aqua, olive and apple green, light sapphire blue, white milkglass, amber and sun-

colored amethyst.

The diagnostic glass from Feature 4 ranges in date from the 1870s to the mid-20th-century.

Overlapping manufacture dates suggest a general deposition date of 1880 to 1920.

Beverages

Beverage containers recovered represent alcohol and milk bottles. These are all diagnostic and

are discussed below. One whole, olive green bottle, one olive green nearly-whole bottle and one

amber bottle base were all determined to have held alcohol and all were produced on a turn

mold, probably between 1880 and 1915 (Lindsey 2007). One bottle is etched THOS

MCMULLEN & CO'S/WHITE LABEL; no information on the maker can be found.


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Three of the six milk bottle fragments are useful for dating Feature 4. A capseat and neck frag-

ment and a base fragment recovered are amethyst in color. Between about 1880 and 1920, man-

ganese was added to some glass during the manufacturing process in order to turn it clear

(IMACS 2001). Depending on the amount of manganese used and the amount of sunlight the

glass was exposed to, glass eventually turned amethyst in color. Combined with the method of

production, the probable date of the bottles is between the 1910s and 1920. Another clear milk

bottle base is embossed WEBER (in square) and dates to between the 1910s and the 1940s.

Medicinal Products and Cosmetics

Several jars and one bottle can be definitely identified as having held medicinal products and

other toiletries, notably Mentholatum and cold cream. Two white milkglass jars, one whole and

one nearly whole, are embossed MENTHOLATUM/R.E.G./TRADE/MARK. The Mentholatum

Company has been operating under this name since 1906, manufacturing non-prescription drugs

and other health care products, including Mentholatum Ointment (a blend of camphor and men-

thol) (Answers.com 2007).

Another nearly-whole, white milkglass jar was retained. Based on the mark (MODJESKA

COLD CREAM/LARKIN SOAP CO/2/BUFFALO, NY) and method of manufacture, the jar was

determined to have been produced between 1905 and 1962 (Odell 1999). The Larkin Soap

Company, based in Buffalo, NY, made a variety of soaps and toiletry items since the late 19th-

century and until 1962 (Odell 1999). In 1886, the company produced a line of soap, perfume,

tooth powder and cold cream named for the Shakespearean actress Madame Helena Modjeska

(LaChiusa 2002). It is unknown for how long the Larkin Soap Company continued to produce

this line.

A decorative, clear, frosted bottle with an embossed R monogram most likely held a toiletry

product such as perfume.


Cogstone 27

Other Three whole ink bottles were recovered. Two of these are identical, clear and embossed

CARTER'S/9/MADE IN/U.S.A. (Figure 22). Carter’s Ink was formed in 1858 and became one

of the largest ink producers; it was bought in 1976 by the

Dennison Company (Faulkner and Faulkner 2003). Based on

the method of manufacture, these ink bottles were made be-

tween 1905 and the 1920s (Lindsey 2007). The third ink

bottle is aqua and made on a cup mold, placing its date of

manufacture between the 1890s and the late 1910s (Lindsey

2007). The number 3 is embossed on the base of the bottle

and the maker can not be determined.

Figure 22. Carter’s Ink bottle

Food Two whole items and two fragments representing food containers were retained for analysis.

A whole, wide-mouth bottle was manufactured on an Owens automatic bottle machine, likely

between 1905 and 1920. The shape indicates the bottle was used for pickles or for other pre-

served foods (Lindsey 2007). The maker can not be determined as the bottle was only embossed

5407/7.

One whole canning jar lid liner and an additional lid liner fragment were recovered. The whole

liner is embossed BOYD'S GENUINE PORCELAIN LINED CAP/5. Canning jar lid liners were

patented in 1871 for use with threaded zinc lids (Lindsey 2007). They were commonly referred

to as porcelain but are in fact white milkglass.

Finally, a fragment of a clear, pressed glass, decorative spice shaker was recovered. The date of

manufacture is unknown.


Cogstone 28

Other A diagnostic maker’s mark was observed on a clear glass bottle, the original use of which is un-

clear. The bottle is embossed A.F. HINDS/(monogram)/PORTLAND ME/U.S.A.//I(in dia-

mond)/9 and was manufactured by the Illinois Glass Company between 1916-1929 in Alton, Illi-

nois. Many of the other bottles in the Feature 4 assemblage, most of them fragmented, were de-

termined to date to around the turn of the 20th-century based on mold features. Several frag-

ments of decorative dishes were also recovered. Finally, of particular note are two fragments of

aqua plate glass. Multiple fragments of this glass were observed scattered throughout the site.

The thickness of this glass (0.2 inches) suggests an industrial application, perhaps used in the

Creamery.

Ceramics Forty-six ceramic artifacts were recovered from Feature 4, mostly representing domestic activi-

ties, although structural-related items were also observed. Among the ceramics recovered, the

vast majority are dishes in poor condition and do not have diagnostic maker’s marks. Other ce-

ramics include insulators and doll parts. Types of ceramics recovered include Euro-American

porcelain, white earthenware, redware, Euro-American utility stoneware and Chinese porcelain.

A printed mark reading WARRAN[TED]/IRONSTONE CHINA/(floral design)/TRADE

MARK/JOHN EDWARDS/ENGLAND was observed on the base of dish fragment. John Ed-

wards, later J. Edwards & Company, was a Stoke-On-Trent Potter who began in 1847 (Birks

n.d.). The particular mark observed on this dish was used between 1880 and 1900. However

because ceramics have a longer shelf life than glass, it is very possible that the dish was depos-

ited in the trash pit much later.

As mentioned previously, most of the undiagnostic ceramics are pieces of dishes, both flat and

hollow. Redware fragments of what was probably a mixing bowl and a stoneware crock frag-

ment were all recovered as well.

Three doll pieces are all part of the assemblage, indicating the presence of children (Figure 23,

24, 25). One of the pieces is a pink, bisque head with no paint and baby features. The head is

broken off at the neck. Two legs were also recovered. One is a bisque leg with a black shoe and


Cogstone 29

blue, ribbed stockings. The other is porcelain but glazed and has a heeled, black boot and white

stockings with blue stripes.

Figure 23. Bisque doll leg

Figure 24. Glazed porcelain doll leg Figure 25. Bisque doll head

Ceramics associated with structural activities include insulators. One fragment of an insulator is

marked 5134//7…. Two whole nail knob insulators were recovered; one has remnants of blue

paint and a ferrous screw through the middle. A porcelain wiring cleat was also recovered and

marked A.P…. Makers and dates of manufacturers can not be obtained for any of these items.


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Metal Fourteen metal artifacts, all but one being ferrous and in poor condition, were recovered from

Feature 4. Most of the items represent tools. None of these items are diagnostic and dates of

deposition cannot be determined. Among the identifiable metal items are an enameled pot han-

dle and cup, a spring, hand drill and a hoe.

Faunal Ten animal bone fragments and nine pieces of shell were recovered from Feature 4. Among the

animals represented by bone are cow, sheep, chicken, pig and rabbit. The larger animal bones

represent steaks and soup bones. Shell types include gastropod and bivalve. Of particular inter-

est is a utensil handle fashioned from abalone (Figure 26).

Figure 26. Abalone utensil handle.

Surface Collection 201 artifacts were collected during the initial pedestrian survey and during subsequent monitor-

ing (Table 11). They were divided up into four areas: garage, general, northwest quadrant and

trash pit back dirt.

Table 11. Items by material collected from the surface

Item Bone Ceramic Glass Metal Rubber Wood Grand

Total Air filter canister 1 1 Bone 14 14 Bottle 40 40 Bottle, alcohol 5 5 Bottle, condiment 1 1 Bottle, food 3 3 Bottle, infant formula 1 1


Cogstone 31

Item Bone Ceramic Glass Metal Rubber Wood Grand

Total Bottle, ink 2 2 Bottle, milk 5 5 Bottle, perfume 1 1 Bottle, pharmaceutical 6 6 Bottle, shoe polish 2 2 Bottle, soda 1 1 Bowl 1 1 Bowl, serving 1 1 Brick 1 1 Cap 1 1 Comb 2 2 Cup 5 5 Dish 24 24 Dish, decorative 3 3 Dish, flatware 24 24 Dish, hollowware 8 8 Dish, serving 1 1 Doll 2 2 Doorknob 3 3 Gear 1 1 Glass, decorative 7 7 Glass, drinking 1 1 Glass, reinforced 1 1 Handle, cup 1 1 Horseshoe 4 4 Indeterminate 1 1 Jar 4 4 Jar, decorative 1 1 Jar, food 2 2 Jar, soy sauce 1 1 Knife, butter 1 1 Latch 1 1 Lid 1 1 Lid liner 1 1 Mirror 1 1 Muleshoe 1 1 Pitchfork 1 1 Rod 1 1 Spice shaker 1 1 Stemware 1 1 Tile 2 2 Unidentified 2 1 1 4 Wall fixture 1 1 Watch fob 1 1 Window 1 1 Grand Total 14 80 90 14 2 1 201


Cogstone 32

Glass A total of 90 glass specimens were recovered from the general area. Among the diagnostic glass

fragments, beverages, cosmetic and other toiletry products and foods are represented. The glass

colors include clear, cobalt, aqua, olive and apple green, white milkglass, amber and sun-colored

amethyst.

The diagnostic glass ranges in date from the 1870s to the 1940s. Overlapping manufacture dates

suggest a general deposition date of the1880s to the early 1900s.

Beverages

Beverage containers recovered represent alcohol, soda and milk bottles. These are almost all

diagnostic and are discussed below.

Five whole alcohol bottles were recovered. Three of these are amber in color and the fourth is

olive green. The olive green bottle is a burgundy-style bottle with a champagne finish, produced

on a turn mold between the 1880s and 1915 (Lindsey 2007). Two of the amber bottles are ex-

port-style bottles, produced on post molds. A.B.G.M. CO. is embossed on the base of one of

these bottles, indicating manufacture by the Adolphus Busch Manufacturing Company between

1886 and 1900 (Toulouse 26:1971). The other bottle is embossed W.F.&S./5/MIL.. This mark

is attributed to William Franzen and Son, who operated in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (Whitten n.d.).

The mark and method of manufacture suggests the bottle was made between 1900 and 1915.

The fourth alcohol bottle is a straight-necked spirits cylinder, the method of manufacture of

which and therefore the date of could not be ascertained. The fifth bottle is an amber, whole

miniature alcohol bottle made after 1910.

One clear, whole milk bottle and two milk bottle fragments are included in the assemblage. A

base fragment is embossed PVC and almost certainly associated with the Pomona Valley Cream-

ery (Figure 27). The second fragment is embossed [ON]E PIN[T]. The whole milk bottle is em-

bossed L.A.C./CREAMERY//2//T.M'F'G CO./15. As it was common for creameries to reuse

bottles from competitors, it is possible that this bottle is associated with the Pomona Valley


Cogstone 33

Creamery. It is equally likely that it is

associated with residences in the area.

Milk bottles demonstrating mold

seams observed on these bottles

generally date from between the 1910s

to the 1940s (Lindsey 2007).

Figure 27. Pomona Valley Creamery bottle base One whole, aqua soda or mineral

water bottle found was determined to

have been manufactured on a post mold between 1883 and 1896. Made in an export-style, the

bottle exhibits a maker’s mark reading FHGW/4. This mark was used by the Frederick Heitz

Glass Works in St. Louis, Missouri (Whitten n.d.).

Medicinal Products and Cosmetics

Several jars and one bottle can be definitely identified as having held medicinal products and

other toiletries, notably antacid, cod liver oil and perfume.

Three cobalt Bromo-Seltzer bottles were recovered; two are the same size and the third is

smaller. Bromo-Seltzer was and continues to be today a popular antacid and pain reliever com-

posed of acetaminophen, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid. These bottles were manufactured

post-1910s but do not have maker’s marks.

A clear bottle with a decagonal base profile is older, having been produced on a cup mold. This

bottle dates to between the 1890s and the late 1910s (Lindsey 2007). The bottle is embossed

CHAPOTEAUT//PARIS, a manufacturer of cod liver oil which is a nutritional supplement and

used to ease the pain of arthritis (Figure 28).


Cogstone 34

Figure 28. Cod liver oil bottle

One small perfume bottle, the neck of which had broken is embossed PALMER in script. Solon

Palmer has been a manufacturer of perfume since 1847. The date of manufacture of the bottle

can not be established, but the mark likely dates it to post-1871 (Toulouse 413:1971).

Foods A clear condiment bottle that contained camp sauce was recovered.

It is embossed LIBBY'S/(bull head w/ wings)/TRADE

MARK/CAMP SAUCE//LIBBY MCNEILL & LIBBY/CHICAGO.

The bottle has a standard club sauce finish; the mold seams from a

cup mold date the bottle to between the 1890s and the late 1910s

(Lindsey 2007).

A small, partial bottle manufactured on a cup mold is embossed

MELLIN'S FOOD//FREE SAMPLE//P/3 (Figure 29). In the 1890s,

Mellin’s Food was a powder added to milk to make baby formula,

which had recently become popular (Olver 2004).

Figure 29. Mellin’s Food sample bottle

Two identical, white milkglass jars, one whole and one partial were recovered. These are em-

bossed THE CUDAHY PACKING CO/U.S.A. Although it is unclear as to what type of food


Cogstone 35

product the jars originally held, the Cudahy Packing Company was a leading food company by

the mid-1920s (Chicago Historical Society 2005). These jars were manufactured after 1890.

Three whole, clear bottles were determined to be food-related based on shape and size. One of

these is embossed with a maker’s mark attributed to the Illinois Pacific Glass Corporation in San

Francisco, California and made between 1925 and 1930. The other two bottles were made be-

tween the early 1900s and 1940s and between 1905 and 1920.

A white milkglass lid liner for canning jars dates to post-1871 (Lindsey 2007). Finally, a clear,

pressed glass spice shaker in good condition was recovered but is non-diagnostic.

Other Bottles

Among the other bottle types found are ink and shoe polish. Many of these are in good condi-

tion. One apple green ink bottle was manufactured on a cup mold and is embossed with the

number 363. It dates to the 1870s (Lindsey 2007). Another clear, whole ink bottle dates to be-

tween 1905 and the 1920s. A clear, whole ink bottle dating between 1905 and the 1920s, and a

partial, clear serving dish were recovered.

One of the shoe polish bottles, square in base profile, is embossed

FRANK/MILLER'S/CROWN/(crown)/DRESSING/NEW

YORK/U.S.A.//14 (Figure 30). No further information could be

obtained on the maker, but the bottle’s production on a cup mold

suggests it dates to between the 1890s to the late 1910s (Lindsey

2007). The second shoe polish bottle is the more common round

profile shape and was produced in an automatic bottle machine,

dating it to after the 1910s.

Figure 30. Frank Miller’s Crown Dressing shoe polish bottle.


Cogstone 36

Three bottles with unidentified contents were observed to have maker’s marks; the companies

and dates represented are the Owens Illinois Glass Company (post-1910s), Parke, Davis & Com-

pany (post-1875) and the Whitall Tatum Company (1901-1910) (Toulouse 403, 417, 544:1971).

Other Glass Items

Other glass products other than bottles that were recovered include a partial sun-colored ame-

thyst drinking glass dating to between 1880 and 1920, reinforced glass, a stemware fragment, a

mirror fragment and another fragment of thick, aqua plate glass.

Ceramics Eighty ceramic artifacts were recovered from the general project area, dominating domestic ac-

tivities, although structural-related items were also retained. Among the ceramics recovered,

most are dishes in poor condition with no diagnostic maker’s marks. Other ceramics include a

doll part, door knobs and tile. Types of ceramics recovered include Euro-American and Chinese

porcelain, white earthenware, vitrified earthenware, redware and Euro-American and Chinese

utility stoneware. Diagnostic ceramics are discussed below; again it should be noted that ceram-

ics have a longer shelf life than glass.

The work of four Stoke-On-Trent, England, potters was noted (Birks n.d.). The base and half of

the body of a serving bowl is printed with the mark [ROYAL IRONSTO]NE

CHINA/(crest)/[A]LFRED MEAKIN./ENGLAND.. Meakin used this mark before 1897. The

mark of Arthur J. Wilkinson is printed on the base of a bowl fragment (Figure 31). The mark,

reading ROYAL IRONSTONE CHINA/(crest)/A.J. WILKINSON/ENGLAND, was used before

1896. WARRANTED/IRONSTONE CHINA/(floral design)/TRADE MARK/JOHN ED-

WARDS/LTD/ENGLAND., the printed mark used by the potter of the same name was used be-

tween 1880 and 1900 and was also seen in the Feature 4 assemblage. New Wharf Pottery is also

represented by a small base fragment. The printed mark appears blurry in a flow blue style and

was used between 1891 and 1894.


Cogstone 37

Figure 31. Arthur J. Wilkinson bowl base

Two ceramic dish fragments were produced in the United States. On the underside of one bowl,

the printed mark reads W.E.P. CO./CHINA, the mark used by West End Pottery in Liverpool,

Ohio between 1893 and 1938 (Lehner 512:1988). This piece features a bright decalcomania de-

sign of cherries and cherry blossoms on its interior.

Another earthenware dish fragment maker’s mark is a printed mark reading

[STE]RLING/(crown)/[CH]INA. It was produced by the Sterling China Company in Sebring,

Ohio around 1900 (Lehner 440:1988).

One complete, Chinese utility stoneware jar with a thick, brown glaze was recovered (Figure

32). These were utilized for many types of bulk liquids including soy sauce. Also retained was

a partial brick stamped …P. B. CO./...ONA, CAL.


Cogstone 38

Figure 32. Chinese jar As mentioned previously, most of the non-diagnostic ceramics are pieces of dishes, both flat and

hollow. A large stoneware lid, nearly complete, was also recovered. The remainder of the ce-

ramic artifacts recovered is largely non-diagnostic.

Two doll pieces retained consists of a porcelain woman’s head. The head is glazed and its fea-

tures include a black pin-curl hairstyle over white skin, black eyes and eyebrows and red nostrils,

lips and cheeks (Figure 33). The second doll piece

consists of a portion of a clear-glazed porcelain leg. Two

clear-glazed porcelain doorknobs and one black-glazed

porcelain doorknob were all noted, as was a teal-green

ceramic tile.

Figure 33. Glazed porcelain doll head


Cogstone 39

Faunal Bone Fourteen animal bone fragments representing cow, sheep and pig were identified. Metal Fourteen metal artifacts, mostly ferrous, were collected. Most of these are non-diagnostic and as

such are not able to be dated.

A non-ferrous metal item, a small watch fob attached to an additional ring of metal was collected

from the surface. A scene depicting a Japanese lady, pagoda and cherry tree is represented on

the piece (Figure 34).

Figure 34. Watch fob

Other metal items include an object tentatively identified as an automobile air filter canister dat-

ing to post-1950, a pitchfork head, a gear, butter knife, a cap that appears to have been used in

industrial applications, two horseshoes, two draft horseshoes and one muleshoe.

Rubber Two vulcanized rubber items were collected: a large, vulcanized rubber comb marked 7-10/USA

and a fragment of a vulcanized rubber comb.

Wood One wood item was recovered: an unidentified tool that consists of two wood handles attached

by a small, ferrous metal connector.


Cogstone 40

CONCLUSIONS Evidence of the lives of early residents of Pomona is preserved below the shallow veneer of de-

velopment in downtown areas. The early twentieth century construction and operations of the

Pomona Valley Creamery left little behind. Trashpits associated with late nineteenth century

families that preceded the Creamery on the parcel were well-preserved and offer a portrait of

their lives in early Pomona.

Most of the items confirm the presence not just of households but also describe the types of peo-

ple that lived in the houses. The ceramic doll parts and baby formula bottle speak to the pres-

ence of children. Many of the ceramic dishes were from England, which was and continues to be

common. Patterned dishes and fragments of decorative glass and porcelains demonstrate the

aesthetic tastes of the women who lived here and suggest that they were at least of middle-class

status. Other evidence of women includes cold cream jars and a perfume bottle.

Multiple alcohol bottles are indicative that at least some of the residents here did not particularly

care for the growing religious and political temperance movements at the time that eventually led

to Prohibition in 1920. Pharmaceutical bottles attest to residents’ desire to cure what ailed them,

using many preparations that are available today.

The activities of the residents, according to their trash, point to writing and stable operations.

Five ink bottles were recovered, as were several horse and muleshoes and a pitchfork. The ink

bottles are evidence that residents were literate, and the equine shoes are expected as the

Sanborn maps show the presence of stables behind each residence.

The trash that the residents of Pomona left behind before the Creamery was built represents typi-

cal families. The people that lived here were apparently well-off enough to afford toys for their

children, decorative items for their homes and perfume for themselves.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperance


Cogstone 41

RECOMMENDATIONS

Future cultural resources assessments in old downtown Pomona should be conducted by quali-

fied historical archaeologists and should include review of Sanborn and other historic maps to

determine the potential for subsurface historical archaeological resources. No grading should be

permitted without a prior assessment study. Mitigation recommendations from the assessment

report should become project grading conditions. The requirement for presence of archaeologi-

cal monitors or other cultural resource requirements should be printed on the approved grading

plans to make the grading contractor responsible in addition to the project proponent.

The City’s existing standard condition for grading (see below) could be revised to provide

greater protection to surface and subsurface historical archaeological resources associated with

construction sites. We recommend formal revision with division into assessment and mitigation

components consistent with CEQA.

Current Cultural Resources Grading Condition. Prior to the issuance of the first preliminary or precise grading permit, and for any subsequent permit involving excavation to increased depth, the applicant shall hire a historian, credentialed to the satisfaction of the Director of Plan-ning and Housing (Director), to conduct an analysis of the project site to determine whether there is evidence that the site may contain significant historical/cultural resources. If such a determi-nation is made, the applicant shall provide letters from a historian and/or an archeologist stating that the applicant has retained these individuals, and that the consultant(s) will be on call during all grading and other significant ground disturbing activities. The historian and/or archeologist shall meet with Community Development Department staff and shall submit written recommen-dations specifying procedures for historical/cultural resource surveillance. These recommenda-tions shall have been reviewed and approved by the Director prior to issuance of the grading permit and prior to any surface disturbance on the project site. Should any historical/cultural resources be discovered, no further grading shall occur in the area of the discovery until the Di-rector of Planning and Housing is satisfied that adequate provisions are in place to protect these resources. PROPOSED NEW CULTURAL RESOURCES CONDITIONS (1) No grading permit will be issued until the project proponent has submitted a cultural re-

sources assessment conducted by a qualified archaeologist to the satisfaction of the Director of

the Community Development Department (Director). A cultural resources assessment report


Cogstone 42

will include record searches to determine if previously identified resources exist in the vicinity,

background research including review of historic maps and other documents, a sacred lands re-

cord search requested from the Native American Heritage Commission, a surface survey, synthe-

sis of results, determination of the sensitivity of the project to produce cultural resources and

mitigation recommendations. A qualified archaeologist is defined as an archaeologist listed at

www.chrisinfo.org; this list contains personnel who meet the standards of the State Office of

Historic Preservation. The City reserves the right to require peer review at the expense of the

project proponent.

(2) If a project is determined to be sensitive for subsurface cultural resources, monitoring and

reporting by a qualified archaeologist will be required at the level recommended by the assess-

ment report. Monitors will maintain a daily log and map of specific locations monitored and will

have the authority to divert grading to recover potentially significant cultural resources. Discov-

eries that meet the criteria for features (examples are trash pits, hearths, etc) will require that the

discovery area be marked off with lath and flagging and that grading occur no closer than 50 feet

from the discovery perimeter until the find has been evaluated by a cultural resources supervisor

or principal investigator. An email detailing the evaluation will be sent to the project proponent

and Director within 24 hours of the discovery. Features that meet significance criteria under

CEQA will require testing and possibly data recovery, identification of artifacts, analysis and a

report. Significant artifacts recovered will require curation. A final monitoring report detailing

all results will also be submitted to the project proponent and Director. The project proponent is

responsible to bear all costs of the monitoring program including curation. Final occupancy

permits will not be issued for any project with cultural resource requirements until the City has

accepted the final report which must include a letter from the curation facility stating that they

are in possession of the artifacts.

http://www.chrisinfo.org/


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REFERENCES CITED Answers.com 2007 The Mentholatum Company, Inc. Available at www.answers.com. Last accessed 2007. Birks, Steve n.d. Stoke-On-Trent Pottery and Ceramics. Available at www.thepotteries.org. Last accessed

2007. Chicago Historical Society 2005 Encyclopedia of Chicago. Available at www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org. Last ac-

cessed 2007. Downtown Pomona Owners Association 2008 Metro Pomona. Available at metropomona.com/metrohistory.php. Last accessed 2009. Faulkner, Ed and L. Faulkner 2003 Let’s Talk About Ink. Available at www.fohbc.com/PDF_Files/Ink_Sp2003.pdf. Last

accessed 2003. Gurcke, Karl 1987 Bricks and Brickmaking: A Handbook for Historical Archaeology. The University of

Idaho Press, Moscow, Idaho. IMACS 2001 Intermountain Antiquities Computer System Guide. Available at www. an-

thro.utah.edu/imacs.html. Last accessed 2007. LaChiusa, Chuck 2002 John D. Larkin – Biography. Available at ah.bfn.org/h/larkin/index.html. Last accessed

2007. Lehner, Lois 1988 Lehner’s Encyclopedia of U.S. Marks on Pottery, Porcelain and Clay. Collector Books,

Paducah, Kentucky. Lindsey, Bill 2007 Historic Glass Bottle Identification & Information Website. Available at www.

sha.org/bottle/index.htm. Last accessed 2007. LSA Associates 2007 Historic Resources Assessment: The Pomona Valley Creamery, City of Pomona, Los

Angeles County, California. Odell, “Digger”

http://www.answers.com/

http://www.thepotteries.org/


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1999 Antique Bottle Price Guides. Available at www.bottlebooks.com. Last accessed 2007. Olver, Lynne 2004 The Food Timeline – Baby Food History Notes. Available at

www.foodtimeline.org/foodbaby.html. Last accessed 2005. Pomona Chamber of Commerce 2009 A Brief History of Pomona. Available at

www.route66ca.org/traveler/towns/25pomona/history.html#editor1. Last accessed 2009. Toulouse, Julian 1971 Bottle Makers and their Marks. Thomas Nelson, Inc., New York, New York. Whitten, David n.d. Glass Factories that Manufactured Insulators. Available at myinsulators.com/glass-

factories/. Last accessed 2007.

http://www.bottlebooks.com/

http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodbaby.html

http://www.route66ca.org/traveler/towns/25pomona/history.html#editor1


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APPENDIX A: QUALIFICATIONS


Cogstone 46

SHERRI GUST

Cogstone Paleontology Archaeology History Registered Professional Archaeologist & Qualified Paleontologist

EDUCATION 1994 M. S., Anatomy and Cell Biology (Evolutionary Morphology), University of Southern

California, Los Angeles 1979 B. S., Anthropology (Physical), University of California, Davis SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS

Gust has more than 28 years of experience in California, acknowledged credentials for meeting national standards and is certified/qualified in all southern California cities and counties that maintain lists. SELECTED REPORTS AND PROJECTS 2008 Gust, S., K. Scott and A. Glover. Archaeological and Paleontological Assessment and Mitiga-tion Plan for the Scattergood Olympic Line, Los Angeles, California. Performed paleontological and archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment report for LADWP under subcontract to the IFC Jones & Stokes. 2008 Gust, S., and K. Scott. Paleontological and Archaeological Assessment and Mitigation Plan for the Cold Canyon Landfill Expansion Project, San Luis Obispo, California. Performed paleon-tological and archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and pre-pared assessment, impact analysis and EIR section for County of San Luis Obispo under subcontract to the Morro Group. 2008 Gust, S., V. Harper and K. Scott. Cultural Resources Assessment of Nine School Sites for the Corona-Norco Unified School District. Performed archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment reports under contract to the Corona-Norco Uni-fied School District. 2007 Gust, S., S. McCormick and K. Scott. Paleontological and Archaeological Assessment Report for the Metrolink Expansion Services Project at Fullerton Station, City of Fullerton, California. Performed record searches, Native American consultation and survey and prepared evaluation report for OCTA under contract to Parsons Brinckerhoff Orange. 2007 Gust, S. Paleontological and Archaeological Literature Review for the Sea Lab Desalizina-tion Plant, City of Redondo Beach, California. Performed archaeological and paleontological record search and literature review, evaluation of resources, and prepared final assessment report with recom-mendations for mitigation for the West Basin Municipal Water District under contract to RBF Consulting. 2007 Gust, S., S. McCormick and K. Scott. Paleontological and Archaeological Assessment Report for the Metrolink Expansion Services Project at Fullerton Station, City of Fullerton, California. Performed record searches, Native American consultation and survey and prepared evaluation report for OCTA under contract to Parsons Brinckerhoff Orange.


Cogstone 47

AMY GLOVER Cogstone Paleontology Archaeology History

Archaeologist and Laboratory Supervisor EDUCATION 2004 B.S. Anthropology (Biological), University of California, Riverside 2004 Archaeological Collections Management Internship, San Diego Archaeological Center SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS

Glover has more than 4 years of experience in California, and knowledge in lab procedures, in-cluding the preparation of collections for curation. Glover also participates in fieldwork and spe-cializes in historic artifacts.

SELECTED PROJECTS AND REPORTS

2009 Gust, S., A. Glover and V. Harper. Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Report for the Yorba Elementary school Project in Corona, California. Performed archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment report for and under contract to the Corona-Norco Unified School District. 2008 Glover, A. and S. Gust. Phase I Archaeological Assessment Report for the Emerald Mead-ows Ranch West Project in Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological record search, Na-tive American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment report for the County of Riverside under contract to Route 60, LLC. 2008 Glover, A., V. Harper and S. Gust. Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Report for the Norco High School Project in Norco, California. Performed archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment report for and under contract to the Co-rona-Norco Unified School District. 2008 Glover, A. and S. Gust. Archaeological Assessment of the Pico Canyon Project, Los Angeles County, CA. Performed archaeological record search, research and prepared assessment with recommendations for the Army Corps of Engineers under contract to Southern California Gas. 2008 Gust, S. and A. Glover. Supplemental Cultural Resources Assessment, Segment 1, Section 1, Tehachapi Renewable Transmission Project, Variance for Wire Stringing Location Near Construc-tion Tower 25, Los Angeles County, California. Cogstone performed archaeological and paleontologi-cal pedestrian survey and prepared supplemental cultural resources assessment report for CPUC and Cali-fornia Edison under subcontract to Pacific Legacy. 2007 Gust, S., A. Glover and K. Houck. The Historic Los Angeles Cemetery (CA-LAN-3553), Los Angeles Metro Gold Line Project, East Portal Area, Los Angeles, California. Performed archaeologi-cal data recovery and field lab supervision, catalogued, identified and analyzed Euro-American and Chi-nese artifacts from over 150 human interments for the Metropolitan Transportation Authority.


Cogstone 48

APPENDIX B: FUNCTIONAL ARTIFACT CLASSIFICATION


Cogstone 49

GROUP CLASS ITEM EXAMPLES Activities Commerce coins Entertainment gaming pieces, harmonicas Firearms bullets

Tools pocket knives, padlocks Reading newspaper

Domestic Food Prep/Consumption bowls, teapots Food/Food Storage animal bone, beverage bottles, crocks Furnishings flower pots Indefinite Use Misc. Beads beads w/ more than one original use Misc. Closures closures assoc. w/ unidentified contents Misc. Containers containers w/ unidentified contents Misc. Metal Items hardware w/ more than one original use Industrial Machinery battery Personal Accoutrements coin purse frames, eyeglasses, jewelry Clothing buttons, buckles, hats Footwear shoes Grooming/Health perfume bottles, pharmaceutical vials Social Drugs opium paraphernalia, alcohol bottles Toys marbles Bedding blankets Structural Hardware screws, nails Materials tile, insulators Undefined Use - unidentified items (amorphous metal, slag)


Cogstone 50

APPENDIX C. CATALOG


Cogstone 51

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory

Class Subclass (Item)

Mate-rial

Type Product Technol-ogy

Pattern Mark Condi-

tion

Other Diagnos-tic Fea-tures

Manufac-turer

Origin Date Refer-ence

Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 001 Surface Indefinite Misc. Contain-ers

Bottle Glass Clear Unidenti-fied con-tents

Automatic bottle ma-chine

…3 (I w/in O w/in dia-mond) 5…

Poor Base frag-ment; plant number at left of logo indicates manufac-ture at either the Fairmont, WV, Chi-cago Heights, IL or Los Angeles, CA plant

Owens-Illinois Glass Co.

http://www.fruitjar.org/PlantCodes/Owens-Illi-nois_files/im-age001.gif

1.4 0.9 0.1 1 1 1 2007ASG0320.5

431411

3768673

Surface

1426 002 Surface Domestic Furnishings Jar, decorative Ce-ramic

Redware Decorative bead-ing

Poor Rim portion; clear glaze http://www.anthro.utah.edu/imacs.html

4.7 4.7 1.9 1 1 3 2007ASG0320.11

431411

3768673

Surface

1426 003 Surface Domestic Misc. Contain-ers

Bottle Glass Aqua Unidenti-fied con-tents

Cup mold Illegi-ble

Poor Blake (variant 1) base profile, paneled sides

1890s-late 1910s

http://www.blm.gov/historic_bot-tles/index.htm

2.6 2.9 2.1 1 1 1 2007ASG0320.11

431411

3768673

Surface

1426 004 Surface Domestic Food/Food Storage

Bottle, milk Glass Clear Automatic bottle ma-chine (press and blow type)

PVC Poor Base only Mid-1910s-1940s

http://www.blm.gov/historic_bot-tles/index.htm

3.4 2.5 0.5 1 1 1 2007ASG0320.11

431411

3768673

Surface




RACIN…/LOUG…

Poor Partial base and body; round base profile

1.9 2.8 0.6 1 1 1 2007ASG0320.11

431411

3768673

Surface

1426 006 Surface Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Indeterminate Glass Clear …TEET…/PUT UP…/E.W HO…/…

Poor Convex, doesn't appear to be bottle fragment

1.6 1.3 0.1 1 1 1 2007ASG0320.11

431411

3768673

Surface


Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents …-UP-LAN…

Poor Body frag-ment

1.8 1.6 0.1 1 1 1 2007ASG0320.11

431411

3768673

Surface

1426 008 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumption

Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, semi-vitreous

(Staf-ford Knot)/NEW WHARF [POT-TERY]/ENGL[AND]

Poor Small base fragment, probably flow blue pattern

New Wharf Pottery

Stafford-shire, England

1891-1894 http://www.thepotteries.org/index.html

0.8 0.4 0.1 1 1 3 2007ASG0320.11

431411

3768673

Surface


Dish Ce-ramic


Willow Poor Rim frag-ment

0.8 0.7 0.2 1 1 3 2007ASG0320.11

431411

3768673

Surface


Cogstone 52

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 010 Surface Structural Materials Window Glass Aqua Poor Sample fragment; note thickness of glass -- probably creamery window glass

1.6 0.8 0.2 1 1 D 2007ASG0320.1

431368

3768650

Surface



Blown in mold w/ tooled finish

Poor Patent finish

1885-1890 http://www.blm.gov/historic_bot-tles/index.htm

1.5 0.8 0.8 1 1 1 2007ASG0320.3

431382

3768652

Surface


Knife, butter Metal Cupreous Fair 9.25 0.7 0.2 1 1 5 2007ASG0320.2

431407

3768653

Surface


Bone Bone cow femur, midshaft

Fair round steak, 1/2" hand sawn

1 1 4 2007ASG0320.4

431403

3768654

Surface


Bottle, milk Glass Clear [ON]E PIN[T]

Poor Body frag-ment

1.4 1.2 0.1 1 1 1 2007ASG0320.4

431403

3768654

Surface


Dish, flatware Ce-ramic


Floral flow blue

Poor Foot ring frags

1.8 1.5 0.2 2 1 3 2007ASG0320.6

431381

3768679

Surface


Glass, drinking Glass Amethyst, sun-colored

Fair 1880-1920 http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

3.5 2.5 0.1 1 1 1 2007ASG0320.9

431439

3768684

Surface


Bone Bone sheep femur, midshaft

Fair hand sawn 1 1 4 2007ASG0320.10

431385

3768683

Surface




Poor Wide-mouth bead finish w/ small handle, jug-style

2 2 1 2007ASG0320.7

431390

3768682

Surface

1426 019 Feature 4

Indefinite Misc. Contain-ers


Owens automatic bottle machine

A.F. HINDS/(monogram)/PORTLAND ME/U.S.A.//I(in dia-mond)/9

Good Round, small mouth, continuous, external threaded finish, pan-eled front, Blake (Vari-ant 1) base profile. Probably alcohol bottle.

Illinois Glass Co.

Alton, IL 1916-1929 Toulouse 1972

3.8 1.8 0.9 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 020 Feature 4

Activities Writing Bottle, ink Glass Clear Carter's Ink


CARTER'S/9/MADE IN/U.S.A.

Good Round, wide-mouth finish (accepts cork), Hopkin's square base profile, air vent mark, blister and multiple seed bubbles

Boston, MA

1905-1920s http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

1.9 2.1 2.1 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'


Cogstone 53

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 021 Feature 4




2 Good Round, wide-mouth bead finish, round base profile (cork inside bot-tle), air vent marks, seed bubbles, possible shoe polish

1905-1920 http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

3.4 1.6 1.6 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 022 Feature 4

Domestic Food/Food Storage

Bottle, food Glass Clear Owens automatic bottle machine

5407/7 Good Round, wide-mouth, continuous threaded finish, Blake (Variant 1) base profile, seed bubbles


5.9 2.1 1.7 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 023 Feature 4

Personal Groom-ing/Health

Bottle, toiletry Glass Clear Unidenti-fied con-tents


R(in mono-gram)

Good Patent finish, Blake (Variant 2) base profile, frosted glass, decorative shape


5.4 3.4 1.7 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 024 Feature 4

Domestic Food Prep/Consumption

Dish, hollowware Glass Clear Poor Rim frags 2.4 2 0.2 3.5 2 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 025 Feature 4


Bottle, milk Glass Clear …[QUART]

Poor Shoulder frag

2.6 2.9 2.9 2 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 026 Feature 4


Bottle, milk Glass Clear Poor Shoulder frag

2.5 1.9 1.9 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 027 Feature 4


Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents B5//WEBER

Poor Base Post-1920s http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

3 0.4 3 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 028 Feature 4


Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents Poor Base frag w/ blister and seed bubbles

2.8 2.6 0.2 3.1 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 029 Feature 4

Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Clear Pressed Unidenti-fied

Poor Deep-scalloped rim frag w/ 8 pointed star pattern

2.4 1.2 0.2 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 030 Feature 4


Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents …ELI…

Poor Wide-mouth, continuous, external threaded finish with ferrous metal cap intact

1.6 1.6 0.1 1.6 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 031 Feature 4




U.S.A. Poor Paneled neck and narrow-mouth, continuous, external threaded finish frag, air vent marks. Possible con-diment bottle.

Post-1905 http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

2.6 0.8 0.09 0.8 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 032 Feature 4


Bottle Glass Clear Poor Cap seat finish fragment 2.6 1.7 0.1 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 033 Feature 4

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Unidentified Glass Clear Poor Wgt: 30.76g

2 2 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'


Cogstone 54

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 034 Feature 4


Bottle Glass Green, apple Unidenti-fied con-tents


Poor Crown finish and neck frag

1880s-1920s http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

1.9 1 0.19 1 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 035 Feature 4


Bottle Glass Green, apple Unidenti-fied con-tents


Poor Patent finish and neck frag


2 1.4 0.06 0.9 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 036 Feature 4

Structural Materials Window Glass Aqua Poor Sample fragment; note thickness of glass -- probably creamery window glass

0.2 2 2 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 037 Feature 4




Poor Crown finish frag with seed and blister bubbles


0.9 1.1 0.2 1.1 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 038 Feature 4




Poor Oil finish and neck frag 1880s-1920s http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

2.4 1.4 0.2 1.1 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 039 Feature 4


Bottle Glass Blue, light sapphire

Unidenti-fied con-tents


Poor Patent finish and neck frag


1.5 1.4 0.19 1.1 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 040 Feature 4


Jar, toiletry Glass Milkglass, white

Mentho-latum


MEN-THO-LA-TUM/R.E.G./TRADE/MARK

Good Wide-mouth, external, continuous threaded finish, round base profile

1906-mid 20th century

http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

2 1.6 0.1 1.6 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 041 Feature 4



Mentho-latum


MEN-THO-LA-TUM/R.E.G./TRADE/MARK

Fair Wide-mouth, external, continuous threaded finish, round base profile

1906-mid 20th century


2 1.6 0.1 1.6 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 042 Feature 4


Lid liner Glass Milkglass, white

BOYD'S GENUINE POR-CE-LAIN LINED CAP/5

Good Post-1871 http://www.av.qnet.com/~glassman/newslet-ter/primer.pdf

2.5 2.5 0.1 2.5 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 043 Feature 4



Poor Post-1871 http://www.av.qnet.com/~glassman/newslet-ter/primer.pdf

1.5 1 0.2 2.5 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 044 Feature 4


Jar Glass Milkglass, white

Unidentified contents Poor Body fragment; wgt: 38.3g

1870s-mid 20th century


2.9 1 0.2 2.9 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'


Cogstone 55

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 045 Feature 4





Poor Wide mouth, continuous, external threaded finish

1910-mid-20th century


1.2 2 0.1 1.9 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 046 Feature 4

Domestic Furnishings Dish, decorative Glass Milkglass, white

Poor Base fragment; possibly part of #238 but no crossmend.

Pre-mid-20th century


3.1 1.5 0.2 2 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 047 Feature 4

Personal Social Drugs Bottle, alcohol Glass Green, olive Turn mold w/ applied finish

Good Blister bubbles


13 3.3 3.3 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 048 Feature 4

Personal Toys Doll Ce-ramic

Porcelain, Euro-American

Poor Bisque leg with black shoe, light blue, ribbed sock

2.6 0.6 0.9 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 049 Feature 4




Poor Molded, gilded scroll design around rim; probably part of #050 but no crossmend.

3.8 2.4 0.07 5.5 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 050 Feature 4




Poor Molded, gilded scroll design around rim; probably part of #049 but no crossmend.

2.9 2 0.07 5.5 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 051 Feature 4




Poor Foot ring frag

2.8 1.7 0.07 2.7 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 052 Feature 4




Poor Rim and foot ring frag; molded design on rim

2.5 1.1 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 053 Feature 4




Bamboo and birds

Poor Foot ring frag w/ blue and orange, hand-painted design. Design is the same as #054 and #102 but not same piece.

3.2 1.6 0.1 2.7 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 054 Feature 4


Dish, hollowware Ce-ramic


Bamboo and birds

Poor Rim frag w/ blue and orange, hand-painted design. Possibly part of #102 but no crossmend. Same design as #053 L88but not same piece.

2.4 1.3 0.1 4.3 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 055 Feature 4

Structural Hardware Wiring cleat Ce-ramic


A.P… Poor 1.7 0.7 0.6 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 056 Feature 4

Structural Hardware Insulator Ce-ramic


5134//7…

Poor 1.2 1.3 1.3 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'


Cogstone 56

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 057 Feature 4


Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Floral Poor Scalloped, gilded rim fragment w/ decalcomania pink and green floral design

3.5 2.3 0.1 5.9 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 058 Feature 4



Earthenware Poor Fire-affected rim frag

2.2 1.9 0.1 8.6 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 059 Feature 4



Earthenware, white

Poor Fragments; wgt: 24.88g

3 3 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 060 Feature 4



Earthenware, white

Poor Rim frags 3 2.3 0.2 9.4 2 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 061 Feature 4



Earthenware, white

Poor Foot ring fragments

4 1.9 0.2 5.1 3 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 062 Feature 4



Earthenware, white

Poor Embossed scroll rim fragments; matches #063 and #064 but no crossmends

3 1.9 0.2 9.4 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 063 Feature 4



Earthenware, white


2.6 2.4 0.1 9.4 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 064 Feature 4



Earthenware, white


2.5 1.9 0.2 9.4 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 065 Feature 4




Poor Foot ring frag

2.9 1.8 0.1 3.1 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 066 Feature 4



Earthenware, white

Floral Poor Orange, green and blue floral trans-ferware design

1.9 1.4 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 067 Feature 4




Poor Rim frag-ment

2.9 2 0.1 8.6 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 068 Feature 4


Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Base frag-ment

2.8 2.4 0.1 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 069 Feature 4



Earthenware, white

Poor Molded rim frag

2.3 1.4 0.1 6.2 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 070 Feature 4


Cup Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Poor Rim frag 1.9 1.3 0.1 3.5 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 071 Feature 4


Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Poor Foot ring frag

1.7 0.9 0.1 3.5 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 072 Feature 4




Poor Base frag 1.9 1.4 0.1 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'


Cogstone 57

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 073 Feature 4


Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Floral Poor Purple, green, orange and blue decalcomania floral design

1 0.9 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 074 Feature 4



Earthenware, white

Floral CP…/(crown)WAR-RAN[TED]…

Poor Base frag w/ pink and green hand-painted design; printed maker's mark

1.8 1.3 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 075 Feature 4



Redware Poor Rim and base frags; white-glazed interior

5 3.1 0.2 3.5 2 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 076 Feature 4


Crock Ce-ramic

Utility stoneware, Euro-American

Poor Body frag w/ brown inte-rior glaze

3.5 3 0.4 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 077 Feature 4

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Shell Shell Gastropod Fair Spire por-tion

5.4 2 1.8 1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 078 Feature 4

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Shell Shell Bivalve Good 5.1 3.8 1.4 2 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 079 Feature 4

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Shell Shell Bivalve Fair 2 1.6 0.4 1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 080 Feature 4

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Shell Shell Bivalve Poor Fragments; wgt: 195.81g 4 4 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 081 Feature 4


Handle Shell Abalone Fair Handle for a utensil

1.7 0.7 0.1 1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 082 Feature 4

Structural Hardware Unidentified Metal Cupreous Good 1.4 0.8 0.8 1 1 5 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 083 Feature 4

Structural Hardware Unidentified Metal Ferrous Fair Three square holes in hardware

8.2 4.4 1.2 1 1 5 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 084 Feature 4


Handle Metal Ferrous Fair Hole at top for hanging

9.5 1 0.2 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 085 Feature 4

Structural Hardware Bracket Metal Ferrous Fair W/ screws (bolts)

3.9 0.8 0.1 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 086 Feature 4

Structural Hardware Spring Metal Ferrous Fair 2.6 1 0.1 1 1 5 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 087 Feature 4

Activities Tools Hand drill Metal Ferrous Fair Wood handle; whole but badly deteriorated

14 6.5 2 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 088 Feature 4

Activities Tools Hoe Metal Ferrous Poor Blade and attachment for handle

7 5.5 3.25 1 1 5 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 089 Feature 4

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Ring Metal Ferrous Fair 8 8 0.9 8 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 090 Feature 4


Cup Metal Ferrous Poor White enamel over metal 3 4.3 3.2 1 1 5 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 091 Feature 4

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Unidentified Metal Ferrous Poor Amorphous metal; wgt: 1134g

5 5 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 092 NOT USED

1426 093 Feature 4


Bottle, milk Glass Amethyst, sun-colored


Poor Cap seat finish and neck fragment; seed bubbles

1910s-1920 http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

3.2 2.3 0.2 2.2 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'


Cogstone 58

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 094 Feature 4



Mod-jeska Cold Cream


MOD-JESKA COLD CREAM/LARKIN SOAP CO/2/BUF-FALO, NY

Fair Wide-mouth, continuous, external threaded finish, round base profile.

Larkin Soap Co.

Buffalo, NY

1905-1962 http://www.bottlebooks.com/larkin.htm

1.9 2.2 0.1 2.2 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 095 Feature 4

Structural Hardware Insulator, nail knob

Ce-ramic


Good 1.8 1.6 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 096 Feature 4


Bottle, milk Glass Clear Automatic bottle ma-chine

WE-BER (in square)

Poor Round profile base frag-ment


3.7 0.4 3.7 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 097 Feature 4


Bottle, milk Glass Amethyst, sun-colored


Poor Round profile base frag-ment


3.3 2.6 0.4 2.7 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 098 Feature 4


Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents Poor Round profile base fragment w/ air vent marks, blister and seed bub-bles; cup bottom mold or early automatic bottle machine


3.7 0.1 1.9 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 099 Feature 4


Spice shaker Glass Clear Pressed Unidenti-fied

Poor Possible salt or pepper shaker

2.6 0.4 1.5 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 100 Feature 4


Bottle Glass Green, olive Turn mold Poor Round profile base frag-ment, no kick-up


3 0.1 2.5 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 101 Feature 4

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Unidentified Glass Clear Fair Thick square piece w/ circular insets

3.5 3.5 1 2 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 102 Feature 4




Bamboo and birds

Poor Rim frag w/ blue, hand-painted design. Same design as #053 but not same piece. Possibly part of #054 but no crossmend.

2 1.3 0.08 4.3 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 103 Feature 4




WAR-RAN[TED]/IRON-STONE CHINA/(floral de-sign)/TRADE MARK/JOHN

Poor Base frag w/ printed mark

John Ed-wards

England 1880-1900 http://www.thepotteries.org/index.html

4.3 1.7 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'


Cogstone 59

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

ED-WARDS/ENGLAND

1426 104 Feature 4

Personal Social Drugs Bottle, alcohol Glass Green, olive Turn mold THOS MCMULLEN & CO'S/WHITE LA-BEL

Fair Etched mark on round base profile bot-tle w/ bulged neck

Thomas McMullen & Co

New York, NY


8 0.1 2.4 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 105 Feature 4

Personal Social Drugs Bottle, alcohol Glass Amber Turn mold Fair Round base profile w/ bulged neck


9.25 0.1 2.9 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'


Jar, soy sauce Ce-ramic

Utility stoneware, Chi-nese

Good Dark brown exterior glaze

Chinese 5 5.3 1 1 3 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Jar, food Glass Milkglass, white


THE CUDAHY PACK-ING CO/U.S.A.

Good Round base profile

Post-1890 http://www.encyclope-dia.chicagohis-tory.org/pages/2635.html

2.1 0.1 1.9 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Jar, food Glass Milkglass, white


TH[E CUDAHY PACK-ING] CO/U.S.A.

Poor Round base profile

Post-1890 http://www.encyclope-dia.chicagohis-tory.org/pages/2635.html

2.1 1.1 0.1 1.9 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant

1426 109 Surface Activities Writing Bottle, ink Glass Clear Automatic bottle ma-chine

Good Hopkin's square base profile bottle w/ narrow mouth, external, continu-ous threaded finish, blister bubbles, air vent marks


2.2 1.7 1.7 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Bottle, infant for-mula

Glass Aqua Mellin's Food

Cup mold w/ tooled finish

MEL-LIN'S FOOD//FREE SAM-PLE//P/3

Fair Round base profile, seed bubbles

1890s http://www.foodtimeline.org/food-baby.html

3.6 2 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Cogstone 60

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area



IPC(in trian-gle)/3

Good Octagonal base profile w/ round, wide-mouth, external interrupted threaded finish

Illinois Pa-cific Glass Corp.

San Fran-cisco, CA

1925-1930 http://myinsula-tors.com/glass-facto-ries/bottlemarks2.html

4.7 2 2 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Bottle, food Glass Clear Automatic bottle ma-chine

Good Round base profile w/ round, wide-mouth, external, interrupted threaded finish

Early 1900s-1940s


4.25 2.1 1 1 D 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant



4 Good Round base profile w/ round, wide-mouth, external, continuous threaded finish


3.3 2 1 1 D 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Spice shaker Glass Clear Pressed Unidenti-fied

Good Greek cross-style bass profile w/ round, external, continuous threaded finish. Possible salt or pepper shaker.

2.4 1.75 1.75 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant

1426 115 Surface Personal Social Drugs Bottle, alcohol Glass Amber Automatic bottle ma-chine

Good Miniature alcohol bottle w/ round base profile and straight brandy finish, blister bubbles


3.6 1.5 1 1 2 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant

1426 116 Surface Personal Groom-ing/Health

Comb Rubber Vulcanized 7-10/USA

Fair Mega-comb 9 1.8 0.2 1 1 4 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Dish, serving Glass Clear Fair Base is broken off; seed bubbles in glass

6 6.1 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant

1426 118 Surface Structural Materials Brick Ce-ramic

…P. B. CO./...ONA, CAL.

Fair Poss. Los Angeles Pressed Brick Co.

Pomona, CA

1887-1926 Gurcke 1987

5.7 4.1 2.4 1 1 3 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone sheep ra-dius,distal, left

foreshank, cleaned at midshaft, knife scars

1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone cow rib, distal short rib, hand sawn

1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone chicken tarsometatarsus, left 1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone pig metapo-dial, shaft

foot 1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'


Cogstone 61

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone rabbit innominate, complete, left

male, knife scars on ischium, iliac crest and ischial tuberosity unfused

1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone cow tibia, proximal shaft, left

hindshank, 4", hand sawn

1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone cow humerus, distal shaft, left

foreshank, hand sawn through olecranon fossa

1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone cow scapula, blade

chuck steak, 3/4" hand sawn

1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone pig tibia, distal shaft, left hindshank, 2 1/4", hand sawn

1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 119 Feature 4


Bone Bone cow femur, distal shaft round steak, 1/2" hand sawn

1 1 4 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 3.5'

1426 120 Feature 4


Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Rim and foot ring frag-ment

3 2.2 0.1 6.2 1 1 D 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665

Surface to 8' below grade

1426 121 Feature 4


Handle, cup Ce-ramic


Poor Molded handle

1.5 0.3 0.3 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665


1426 122 Feature 4



Poor Leg with black boot, white stocking w/ blue stripe; glazed

1.6 0.5 0.7 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665



Cup Ce-ramic

Earthenware, vitrified

Fair Handle broken off

2.8 0.2 2.7 1 1 3 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 8' below grade

1426 124 Feature 4





Good Round base profile w/ round, exter-nal continuous threaded finish


2 0.1 1.6 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665



Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Asian JA-PAN…

Poor Foot ring fragment w/ pagoda scene on interior

1.9 1 0.1 1.5 1 1 3 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 8' below grade

1426 126 Feature 4



Porcelain, Chinese

Poor Rim fragment with pat-tern on exterior and interior in cobalt over clear glaze

Chinese 1.9 1.7 0.1 3.9 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665


1426 127 Feature 4


Dish Ce-ramic

Porcelain, Chinese

Poor Base frag w/ pattern and character on interior in cobalt over clear glaze; cobalt marks on exterior; probably square dish

Chinese 1.4 1.2 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665



Cogstone 62

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 128 Feature 4



Poor Pink bisque baby doll head, no paint, broken off at neck

1.4 1.2 1.3 1 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665


1426 129 Feature 4

Structural Hardware Insulator, nail knob

Ce-ramic


Good Remnants of blue paint; ferrous screw through center

2.9 1.5 2 1 3 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665


1426 130 Surface Personal Cloth-ing/Footwear Maintenance

Bottle, shoe polish Glass Aqua Frank Miller's Crown Dressing


FRANK/MILLER'S/CROWN/(crown)/DRESS-ING/NEW YORK/U.S.A.//14

Good French square base w/ patent finish; air vent marks

1890s-late 1910s


5 1.7 1.7 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 8' below grade

1426 131 Feature 4

Activities Writing Bottle, ink Glass Clear Carter's Ink


CARTER'S/9/MADE IN/U.S.A.

Good Round, wide-mouth finish (accepts cork), Hopkin's square base profile, air vent mark, blister and multiple seed bubbles

Boston, MA


1.9 2.1 2.1 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665


1426 132 Feature 4




8 Good Buffalo oval base profile with patent finish, few seed bubbles. Cork is in bottle with liquid.

1890s-late 1910s


5.3 2.2 1.3 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665


1426 133 Feature 4




Good Slender handy base profile with bead finish. Air vent marks, seed bubbles.

1890s-late 1910s


5.5 2.2 1.2 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665


1426 134 Feature 4

Activities Writing Bottle, ink Glass Aqua Cup mold w/ tooled finish

3 Good Round base profile with bead finish

1890s-late 1910s


2.6 1.9 1 1 2 2007AXA612.1 431400

3768665



Bowl, serving Ce-ramic


[ROYAL IRON-STO]NE CHINA/(crest)/[A]LFRED MEAKIN./ENGLAND.

Poor Printed mark. Half the bowl is missing.

Alfred Meakin

North Stafford-shire, England

Pre-1897 http://www.thepotteries.org/index.html

7.8 4.7 3.2 7.8 1 1 3 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 8' below grade


Cogstone 63

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area


Bowl Ce-ramic


ROYAL IRON-STONE CHINA/(crest)/A.J. WIL-KIN-SON/ENGLAND

Poor Foot ring fragment, printed mark.

Arthur J. Wilkinson


Pre-1896 http://www.thepotteries.org/index.html

4.7 3.6 1.4 2.9 1 1 3 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 8' below grade




Poor Packer finish, neck and shoulder fragment with air vent marks.

1890s-late 1910s


3 2.1 1.2 1 1 D 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 8' below grade




Good Round base profile with wide mouth patent finish; seed and blister bub-bles, air vent marks.

1890s-late 1910s


2.7 1.5 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 8' below grade



Unidenti-fied

P.D. & CO./329

Poor Hopkin's square base profile fragment

Parke, Davis & Co

Detroit, MI Post-1875 Toulouse 1972

1.6 1.9 1.9 1 1 1 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 8' below grade

1426 140 Surface Activities Tools Unidentified Wood Unidentified Fair Two handles attached by ferrous piece.

11.75 1.5 1 1 4 2007AXA612.3 Surface to 8' below grade

Garage

1426 141 Surface Industrial Machinery Air filter canister Metal Ferrous Fair Complete but heavily rusted.

Post-1950 4.8 10 1 1 5 2007AXA612.3 Surface to 8' below grade

Garage


Bottle, pharma-ceutical

Glass Cobalt Bromo-Seltzer


BROMO-SELT-ZER/EMER-SON/DRUG CO./BALTI-MORE/MD.

Good Round base profile w/ wide-mouth beaded finish. Seed and blister bubbles, air vent marks.

Post-1910s http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

4 1.6 2 2 1 2007AXA0706.1





AR-MOUR'S PHARMACY//W.T.CO./A.J./U.S.A.

Good French square base w/ patent finish; air vent marks

Whitall Tatum Co

Millville, NJ

1901-1910 http://myinsula-tors.com/glass-facto-ries/bottlemarks3.html

3.5 1 1 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1





3 Good Erie oval base profile w/ wide pre-scription finish. Air vent marks, pan-eled front.

1890s-late 1910s


4.9 1.9 1.1 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Cogstone 64

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area




1/2 Good Erie oval base profile w/ patent finish. Air vent marks, paneled front, seed bubbles.

1890s-late 1910s


2.9 1.1 0.6 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Cup Ce-ramic


Poor 3.3 0.2 3.9 1 1 D 2007AXA0706.1


1426 147 Surface Personal Social Drugs Bottle, alcohol Glass Amber Unidenti-fied

Good Tall, moderately slender-bodied, straight neck spirits cylinder. Turn mold or dip mold; faint horizontal shoulder seam, 5 marks on base, possible pontil scars. Brandy finish, seed and blister bubbles.


11.5 3.2 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1


1426 148 Surface Personal Social Drugs Bottle, alcohol Glass Green, olive Wine or cham-pagne

Turn mold w/ tooled finish

Good Burgundy style bottle w/ champagne finish.


10.25 2.8 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1


1426 149 Surface Personal Social Drugs Bottle, alcohol Glass Amber Post mold w/ tooled finish

A.B.G.M. CO.

Good Export style bottle w/ brandy finish, blis-ter and seed bub-bles.

Adolphus Busch Manufactur-ing Co

Belleville, IL or St. Louis, MO

1886-1900 http://myinsula-tors.com/glass-facto-ries/bottlemarks.html#ABCDEF, http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

11.75 3.1 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Bottle, soda Glass Aqua Post mold w/ tooled finish

FHGW/4

Good Export style bottle w/ oil finish. Seed and blister bubbles, air vent marks.

Frederick Heitz Glass Works

St. Louis, MO


9.5 2.6 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Cogstone 65

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 151 Surface Personal Social Drugs Bottle, alcohol Glass Amber Beer Post mold w/ tooled finish

W.F.&S./5/MIL.

Good Export style bottle w/ oil finish. Seed and blister bubbles, air vent marks.

William Franzen & Son

Milwau-kee, WI


9.25 2.6 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Bottle, condiment Glass Clear Libby's Camp Sauce


LIBBY'S/(bull head w/ wings)/TRADE MARK/CAMP SAUCE//LIBBY MCNEILL & LIBBY/CHI-CAGO

Good Decagonal base profile w/ club sauce finish. Seed bubbles.

1890s-late 1910s


8 2.2 2.2 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Bottle Glass Amber Unidenti-fied con-tents

Post mold w/ tooled finish

3 Good Beer or mineral water bottle. Squat with round base profile, crown finish and air vent marks. Seed and blis-ter bubbles, cork in bottle.

Mid-1880s-1890s


8 3.1 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1





Good Handy base profile w/ patent finish. Seed bubbles, air vent marks.

Mid-1880s-1910s


7.1 2.6 1.4 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Bottle, milk Glass Clear Owens automatic bottle machine

L.A.C. /CREAMERY//2//T.M'F'G CO./15

Good Round base profile w/ cap seat finish. Owens suction scar.

Thatcher Manufactur-ing Co

Elmira, NY

1915 http://alamo.nmsu.edu/~lockhart/AlamMilk/chap2/chap2.htm

5.3 2.5 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1


1426 156 Surface Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Clear Poor Probably base.

4.3 5.5 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1




Glass Clear Cup mold w/ tooled finish

CHAPOTEAUT//PARIS

Good Decagonal base profile w/ wide mouth patent finish, seed bubbles. Cod liver oil.

1890s-late 1910s


4.3 1.4 1.4 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Cogstone 66

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 158 Surface Domestic Cloth-ing/Footwear Maintenance

Bottle, shoe polish Glass Clear Automatic bottle ma-chine

Good Round base profile w/ wide mouth bead finish. Blister bubbles, ejection mark from press and blow machine.


3.7 2.1 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1


1426 159 Surface Activities Writing Bottle, ink Glass Green, apple Cup mold w/ applied finish

363 Good French square base w/ patent finish, seed bubbles. Shoulders are squared and slope up to neck.

1870s http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

2.7 1.4 1.4 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1




Cup mold w/ applied finish

Good Round base profile w/ prescription finish; air vent marks.


2.8 1.2 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1




Glass Cobalt Bromo-Seltzer


BROMO-SELT-ZER/EMER-SON/DRUG CO./BALTI-MORE, MD.//I

Good Round base profile w/ wide mouth bead finish.


2.6 1.1 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1






Good Round base profile w/ wide mouth, continuous external threaded finish.


1.8 2.2 1 1 2 2007AXA0706.1




8 Good Post-1871 http://www.av.qnet.com/~glassman/newsletter/primer.pdf

2.5 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1


1426 164 Surface Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Clear Poor Decorative stem.

4.5 1.8 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Bottle, perfume Glass Clear Palmer's Perfume

Unidenti-fied

PALMER

Fair Oval base profile w/ seed bub-bles; neck and finish missing.

Solon Palmer

New York, NY

post-1871 Toulouse 1972

2 1.1 1 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1


1426 166 Surface Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Clear Poor Rim of decorative dish.

4.4 1.8 0.9 7 1 1 D 2007AXA0706.1


1426 167 Surface Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Clear Poor Rim of decorative dish w/ seed bubbles.

2 5.4 2 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Cogstone 67

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 168 Surface Personal Toys Doll Ce-ramic


Poor Glazed, white head w/ black eyes, eyebrows; red nostrils, lips, cheeks; black pin-curl hairstyle.

1.3 1.1 0.9 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1


1426 169 Surface Structural Fixtures Doorknob Ce-ramic


Good Clear glaze 0.9 2.2 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1




Good Clear glaze 1 2.1 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1




Good Black glaze 1 2.2 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1





WAR-RANTED/IRON-STONE CHINA/(floral de-sign)/TRADE MARK/JOHN ED-WARDS/LTD/ENG-LAND.

Poor Foot ring frag w/ printed mark; par-tial im-pressed mark.

John Ed-wards



5.1 3.3 0.2 5.5 2 1 3 2007AXA0706.1




Earthenware, white

Cherries, Cherry blossoms

W.E.P. CO./CHINA

Poor Foot ring frag w/ printed mark; de-calcomania design on interior.

West End Pottery

East Liv-erpool, OH

1893-1938 Lehner 1988

3.8 3.4 0.1 2.7 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1


1426 174 Surface Domestic Furnishings Dish, decorative Ce-ramic


Fair Hand-painted Chinese scene in red, green and yellow on sur-face. Probably part of #270 but no crossmend.

6.2 2 1 3 2007AXA0706.1



Cup Ce-ramic


Fair 3.1 3.4 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1





Poor Flow blue transfer pattern on interior and exterior w/ gilded, molded band around exterior.

1880s-early 1900s

http://www.antiquesjour-nal.com/Pages04/archives/flowblue.html

2 1.9 0.1 3.9 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1



Cogstone 68

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 177 Surface Domestic Furnishings Dish, decorative Ce-ramic


Poor Scalloped dish w/ cobalt rim and foot (gilded on interior), hand-painted floral design on interior.

2.8 2.1 0.1 3.1 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1




Earthenware, white

[WARRANT]ED/(crest)/K.T. & K./GRANITE

Poor Molded rim and foot ring fragment. Printed mark.

1872-1929 Lehner 1988

4.5 3.4 1.7 6.6 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1





Poor Foot ring frag w/ solid decalcomania rose design.

3.6 2.1 0.4 4.7 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Fragment w/ blue and yellow, ab-stract flower design.

2.5 2 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Rim frag w/ molded rim, hand-painted yellow and green; gilded design toward centre.

2.8 1.6 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Foot ring frag w/ decalcomania, green and pink rose design; gilding up towards edge.

3.3 2.2 0.4 4.3 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Foot ring frag w/ decalcomania, green, pink, yellow and blue floral design. Crossmends to #281.

4.4 2.4 0.4 4.7 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Foot ring frag w/ decalcomania, green and pink rose design.

3 1 0.3 2.7 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1


1426 185 Surface Structural Materials Tile Ce-ramic

Good Teal-green, rounded corners

0.9 0.9 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1





Poor Molded, gilded rim frag w/ hand-painted design, most worn off. Prob goes w/ #187 but no refit.

3.4 1.6 0.1 7.8 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Fragment w/ hand-painted design, most worn off. Prob goes w/ #186 but no refit.

3.4 1.8 0.1 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1



Cogstone 69

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area


Lid Ce-ramic

Stoneware, Euro-American utility

Fair Large bean pot lid w/ brown exterior glaze.

11.75 3 1 1 3 2007AXA0706.1


1426 189 Surface Structural Hardware Wall fixture Metal Cupreous Good 3.9 3.5 0.9 1 1 5 2007AXA0706.1


1426 190 Surface Indefinite Misc. Metal Items

Rod Metal Cupreous Good Straight rod, bent slightly, decorative finials on either end screw off.

12.75 0.4 1 1 5 2007AXA0706.1


1426 191 Surface Industrial Machinery Cap Metal Ferrous Fair Cap for industrial appli-cation; insignia on top.

1.5 8 1 1 6 2007AXA0706.1


1426 192 Surface Activities Tools Pitchfork Metal Ferrous Fair Head only. 14.75 9 1 1 6 2007AXA0706.1


1426 193 Surface Industrial Machinery Gear Metal Ferrous Good 8.5 1 1 6 2007AXA0706.1


1426 194 Surface Activities Tools Latch Metal Ferrous Fair 5.25 4.75 1.25 1 1 6 2007AXA0706.1


1426 195 Surface Activities Animal Hus-bandry

Horseshoe Metal Ferrous Good Med-lg horse size.

6.5 5.25 2 2 6 2007AXA0706.1



Horseshoe Metal Ferrous Good Draft horse size.

6.75 6 2 2 6 2007AXA0706.1



Muleshoe Metal Ferrous Good 5.5 4 1 1 6 2007AXA0706.1



Bone Bone sheep femur Poor 6 2 4 2007AXA0706.1


1426 199 Feature 1

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Unidentified Carbon Poor 2.8 1.3 0.3 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade

1426 200 Feature 1


Comb Rubber Vulcanized AT-LAN-TIC

Fair Large comb 8.75 2 0.3 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade

1426 201 Feature 1



Blown in mold

A (in circle)

Poor Paneled bottle w/ Blake (vari-ant 1) base profile; seed and blister bub-bles

Armstrong Cork Co.

Lancas-ter, PA

1938-1969 http://myinsula-tors.com/glass-facto-ries/bottlemarks.html#ABCDEF

3.9 1.7 0.8 2 1 7 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade

1426 202 Feature 1



Glass Cobalt Cup mold w/ tooled finish

Good French square base profile w/ pat-ent finish. Bottle was corked, stuffed with paper and 9 small, round, bouncy, squishy things at bottom. Possible poison bottle b/c of color.

Mid-1870s-1910s


3.3 1.1 1.1 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade

1426 203 Feature 1


Bottle, milk Glass Clear Blown in mold w/ tooled finish

T…S BOT…/T…/… BE W…/A…

Poor Wide mouth bead finish, no cap seat; seed and blister bubbles

Pre-1910s http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

5.9 3 12 1 7 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade


Cogstone 70

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 204 Feature 1

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Unidentified Glass Clear Poor Probably bottle body frag.

1.6 1.4 0.1 1 1 D 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade

1426 205 Feature 1

Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Clear Pressed Poor Heavy glass w/ diamond beads and etched ovals. Prob part of #206 but no refit.

2.5 2.1 0.2 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade

1426 206 Feature 1

Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Clear Pressed Poor Heavy glass w/ diamond beads and etched ovals. Prob part of #206 but no refit.

1.8 1.2 0.2 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade

1426 207 Feature 1

Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Clear Pressed Poor Heavy glass rim w/ beading.

1.9 1.4 0.1 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade

1426 208 Feature 1

Domestic Heating/Lighting Lamp chimney Glass Clear Poor 2.7 48 1 7 2007AXA0709.01

4'9" below grade

1426 209 Feature 2

Domestic Cloth-ing/Footwear Maintenance

Pin Metal Cupreous Poor Round, blue, ceramic head.

0.9 0.1 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 210 Feature 2


Bottle Glass Green, olive Unidenti-fied con-tents

Turn mold Poor Had a kick-up.


6 2.8 7 1 7 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 211 Feature 2


Bottle Glass Green, olive Unidentified contents Poor Kick-up frag.

1.2 0.9 0.3 1 1 D 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 212 Feature 2



Turn mold Poor Body frags. Wgt: 63.83g 1880s-1915 http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

11 11 D 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 213 Feature 2


Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents Poor Body frags, 7 are fire-affected. Wgt: 99.35g

22 22 D 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 214 Feature 2


Glass, drinking Glass Clear Poor 4.75 2.6 10 1 7 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 215 Feature 2


Glass, drinking Glass Clear Poor Rim frags w/ criss-cross design

2.6 2.6 2.5 3 1 7 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 216 Feature 2


Bottle, milk Glass Clear Poor Capseat finish.


2.5 2.5 6 1 D 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 217 Feature 2


Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents BOYD'S/[I]MPROVED

Poor Round base pro-file.

0.5 3 4 1 7 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 218 Feature 2


Glass, drinking Glass Clear Poor Base frag 2.4 1.2 0.1 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 219 Feature 2


Bottle Glass Green, apple Unidentified contents …WATER (super-im-posed over …N A…)

Poor Body frag. 2.2 1.3 0.1 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade


Cogstone 71

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area

1426 220 Feature 2

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Unidentified Glass Clear Fair Faceted piece of glass, possible stopper.

2.76 0.5 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 221 Feature 2



Earthenware, white

Floral Poor Decalcomania red and green floral design; molded rim. Crossmends to #222.

5.8 3.2 0.1 7 10 1 7 2007AXA0709.02

4'9" below grade

1426 222 Feature 2



Earthenware, white

Poor Frags crossmend to #221, bagged separately and placed with #221.

2 1 7 2007AXA0709.03

4'9" below grade

1426 223 Feature 3


Glass, drinking Glass Clear Poor Body frag w/ criss-cross design, same as #215 but no crossmend.

1 0.9 0.1 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.03

4'9" below grade

1426 224 Feature 3


Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents Poor Body frags. Wgt: 8.98

2 2 D 2007AXA0709.03

4'9" below grade

1426 225 Feature 3

Unidenti-fied

Unidentified Item

Unidentified Glass Milkglass, white

Poor Fragment. Wgt: 3.62

1 1 D 2007AXA0709.03

4'9" below grade

1426 226 Feature 3



Cup mold … Poor French square base profile w/ seed bubbles, partial illegible embossing on one side.


1.1 1.3 1.3 1 1 7 2007AXA0709.03

4'9" below grade

1426 227 NOT USED

Surface Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.

1426 228 Surface Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Green, em-erald

Pressed Poor Rim fragment w/ gilding. 1.2 1 0.3 1 1 1 2007ASG0710.1




Blown in mold w/ ap-plied finish

Poor Patent finish, seed bub-bles.

Pre-1920 http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

2.8 1.7 1.8 2 1 1 2007ASG0710.1


1426 230 Surface Domestic Furnishings Mirror Glass Clear Poor 2.5 1.1 0.08 1 1 1 2007ASG0710.1



Bottle Glass Aqua Automatic bottle ma-chine

I/O Poor Base fragment with ejection mark from press and blow machine.

Early-1900s-1940s


3.1 2.8 0.6 3.5 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Bottle, milk Glass Clear Automatic bottle ma-chine

Poor Capseat finish frag.


2 1 0.3 2.3 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Cogstone 72

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area



Glass Aqua McLean's Volcanic Oil Liniment

[VOL]CANIC//OIL

Poor turpentine-based lini-ment. Seed bubbles.

Post-1853 http://www.luckymojo.com/mcleans-volcanic-lini-ment.html

2.4 1.2 1.1 2 1 1 2007ASG0710.1



Bottle Glass Aqua Unidentified contents Poor Body frag. 2.7 1.9 0.1 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1




Owens automatic bottle machine

4/L (in cir-cle)//HALF…

Poor Slender handy base frag.


1.8 2.1 1 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1


1426 236 Surface Structural Materials Glass, reinforced Glass Clear Poor Textured on one side, reinforced w/ chicken wire.

1.6 1.2 0.2 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Bone Bone cow vertebra, upper tho-racic, left

chuck roast, split on midline (200) & handsawn be-low distal end (201), unfused

1 1 4 2007AXA0612.2

Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Bone Bone cow scapula, glenoid fossa, right, adult

handsawn through glenoid, tuberos-ity fused, neck

1 1 4 2007AXA0612.2

Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Bone Bone cow vertebra, lower tho-racic

rib roast, left spinous process, split off midline (201), handsawn horizon through post. Artic. Process (206.5)

1 1 4 2007AXA0612.2

Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Bone Bone cow molar, upper, adult heavy wear including interstitial

1 1 4 2007AXA0612.2

Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Bone Bone cow rib, distal shaft, left lower rib, no cuts

1 1 4 2007AXA0612.2

Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant


Bone Bone pig rib, proximal dorsal shaft, left

shoulder roast, upper rib, handsawn at angle (301)

1 1 4 2007AXA0612.2

Surface to 3.5'

NW Quad-rant

1426 238 Surface Domestic Furnishings Glass, decorative Glass Milkglass, white

Poor Base fragment; possibly part of #046 but no crossmend.

2.3 1.1 0.4 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1




Poor Rim frag 3.7 1.1 0.3 10.6 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1



Cogstone 73

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area



…CUDA…

Poor Base frag 1.3 0.7 0.5 1.9 1 1 1 2007ASG0711.1




Poor Rim frag 1.2 1.2 0.3 1.9 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1



Unidentified Item

Unidentified Glass Milkglass, white

Poor Body frag 1.2 1.2 0.1 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1



Comb Rubber Vulcanized Poor End frag 1.5 1 0.2 1 1 7 2007ASG0711.1



Bottle Glass Amethyst, sun-colored

Unidentified contents Poor Paneled body frag


2.2 1.3 0.1 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1





Poor Body frag 1.8 1.1 0.1 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1



Handle, cup Ce-ramic


Poor 2.1 0.7 0.4 1 1 3 2007ASG0711.1



Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents Poor Body frags 6 6 D 2007ASG0711.1



Bottle, milk Glass Clear QUART…

Poor Body frag 5 2.7 1 1 1 2007ASG0711.1



Bottle Glass Clear Unidentified contents …/…HIN…

Poor Body frag 1.3 1.3 1 1 1 2007ASG0711.1





Poor Base frag w/ seed bub-bles


2.2 3.2 2 1 D 2007ASG0711.1





Poor Neck and brandy finish

1890s-late 1910s


2.8 1.1 0.9 1 1 1 2007ASG0711.1



Cogstone 74

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area


Bottle Glass Green, olive Unidentified contents Poor Body frag 2.4 1.7 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1




Turn mold Poor Round profile base frag 1880-1915 http://www.sha.org/bottle/index.htm

2.9 2.4 1 1 1 2007ASG0711.1



Bottle Glass Amber Unidentified contents Poor Round base profile and body frag

3.3 2.9 2.7 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1




Blown in mold

Poor Round profile base frag 3.8 2.6 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1




Porcelain, Chinese

Poor Blue-white glaze, cobalt underglaze design w/ 3 Chinese men reading scroll; probably for ex-port.

Chinese http://www.anthro.utah.edu/imacs.html

2.6 2.4 1 1 3 2007ASG0711.1



Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Poor Body frag 1 0.8 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1





Poor Rim frags, wgt: 27.34g

3 3 D 2007ASG0711.1



Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Poor Body frag w/ gilded and hand-painted green design

1.6 1.2 1 1 3 2007ASG0711.1



Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Illegi-ble stamp

Poor 1.8 1.3 1 1 3 2007ASG0711.1



Dish Ce-ramic



1.2 0.9 1 1 3 2007ASG0711.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Red, hand-painted de-sign on foot ring frag.

2 1.4 1 1 3 2007ASG0711.1


1426 263 Surface Structural Materials Tile Ce-ramic

Poor Blue and green frag

0.4 0.3 0.2 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1



Cogstone 75

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area




Poor Rim frag 1.2 0.5 1 1 3 2007ASG0711.1



Unidentified Item

Unidentified Ce-ramic

Poor Flat piece, cornflower-blue glaze both sides, probably tile; pos-sibly part of #284 but no crossmend.

0.7 0.7 0.1 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Foot ring frag w/ rem-nants of purple paint

1.1 0.8 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1




Earthenware, white

Poor Rim and foot ring frag.

3.3 2 1 1 D 2007ASG0711.1




Earthenware, white

[STE]RLING/(crown)/[CH]INA

Poor Foot ring and rim frags w/ partial maker's mark; molded rim, remnants of decalco-mania floral design.

Sterling China Company

Sebring, OH

c. 1900 Lehner 1988

3.9 3.9 5.9 7 1 3 2007ASG0710.1



Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Poor Foot ring frag.

3.2 2.1 1 1 3 2007ASG0710.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Red, hand-painted design on rim frag; probably part of #174 but no crossmend.

1.6 1.3 1 1 3 2007ASG0710.1



Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Poor Rim and foot ring frags; molded rim and red, decal-comania floral design.

2.4 1.9 2 1 3 2007ASG0710.1




Earthenware, white

Poor Rim and foot ring frag; molded rim and decalcomania floral design.

3.7 2 1 1 3 2007ASG0710.1




Earthenware, white

Poor Body frags; wgt: 59.6g

2 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Cogstone 76

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area


Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white


1 0.7 1 1 3 2007ASG0710.1




Earthenware, white

Poor Foot ring frag

1.8 1.6 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Cup Ce-ramic


Poor Molded, gilded, rim frag w/ rem-nants of pink paint.

2.4 1.6 2.3 1 1 3 2007ASG0710.1



Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Poor Foot ring frag w/ rem-nants of blue design

1.4 1.2 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Dish Ce-ramic

Earthenware, white

Poor Foot ring frag

3.1 1.4 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1





Poor Foot ring frag

2.6 1.6 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1





Poor Foot ring frag

1.8 1.6 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Foot ring frag w/ pink, decalcomania floral design. Crossmends to #183.

1.6 1 1 1 3 2007ASG0710.1



Dish Ce-ramic


Poor Body frag 2 1.3 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Cup Ce-ramic


Poor Rim frag w/ interior and exterior, green transferware floral design.

1.5 1.1 3.9 1 1 3 2007ASG0710.1



Unidentified Item

Unidentified Ce-ramic

Poor Flat piece, cornflower-blue glaze both sides, probably tile; pos-sibly part of #265 but no crossmend.

1.3 1 0.2 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1




Earthenware, white

Fair Molded rim, decalcoma-nia floral design.

8 4 8.2 3 1 3 2007ASG0710.1



Cogstone 77

Cat1

Cat2

Analy-sis Unit

Cate-gory


Mate-rial


Pattern Mark Condi-

tion


Manufac-turer


Max. Length (in)

Max. Width (in)

Max Thickness (in)

Di-ame-ter

Qty MNI Box#

Field# East-ing

Nor-thing

Level Area


Bottle Glass Clear Poor Body frag 1.9 1.2 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Stemware Glass Clear Poor Base frag 1.7 1 3.1 1 1 D 2007ASG0710.1



Bottle Glass Clear Blown in mold w/ tooled finish

Poor Collared ring finish, probably phar-maceutical bottle.


1 0.9 1 1 1 2007ASG0710.1


1426 289 Surface Personal Accoutrements Watch fob Metal Cupreous Good Japanese scene w/ black back-ground. Ring attached to one end.

1.7 0.6 0.1 1 1 4 2007ASG0710.1


1426 290 Surface Personal Toys Doll Ce-ramic


2 Poor Leg fragment, clear glaze.

1.4 0.6 0.5 1 1 3 2007ASG0710.1





Good Rounded Golden Gate oval base profile w/ patent finish.

1890s-late 1910s


5.7 2.3 1.5 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1





3 OUNCES//MADE IN U.S.A.//5/3039

Good Blake (variant 1) base profile w/ straight brandy finish, paneled body, blister bubbles and air vent marks. Probably pharmaceutical.

1890s-late 1910s


5.3 2 1.3 1 1 1 2007AXA0706.1



Cogstone 78

APPENDIX D. SITE RECORD


Cogstone 79


Cogstone 80


Cogstone 81

Documents

Final Pvc Rpt 2009julyr