Enneagram Monthly No. 135 March 2007

Transformation of Patriarchal ManifestationAA bout 10 years ago, being on a journey of self-dis-

covery, I came across the symbol and teachings ofthe Enneagram. Somehow although I had never seen this symbol

before, I felt drawn and at the same time repelled by its image. Drawn as itseemed somehow vaguely familiar and repelled as it remind-ed me of a human in an iron prison, a cave, and entrap-ment. Now after all those years of exploring the workings ofmy own psyche as well as trying to figure out the worldaround us, I have come full circle to these immediate intu-itive responses. Despite the fact that I have witnessed andpainfully experienced abuse of the Enneagram by therapistsand Roman Catholic religious leaders as they used it as anexplanation for their traits and demanding others to accom-modate them and tolerate them instead of opting for spiri-tual growth, I did not want to throw the baby out with thebath-water, and am glad I did not. Judith Searle's articleabout the gap at the bottom of the Enneagram (see EMSept. 1997) rekindled a gnawing conundrum at the back ofmy mind, as well as Mary Bast's and Lissa Friedman’s web-site pointing the way beyond the Enneagram have beenimmensely helpful, thank you! I can truly say that all my experiences in life, thenegative as well as the positive have led me to the following ideas and hypotheses

based on personal experience as well as witnessing eventsunfolding in the wider world.

"When we look far back into history, we can see that prehistorically societyfunctioned in a way where the status of a woman and a man was equal. Once the

hunter gatherers settled down though and started to farmthe land, the balance between the masculine and the femi-nine was lost and patriarchy was born, in order to deal withthe greater complexity of society. Those who are in controland have power over others, not necessarily just men havingpower over women, but a society where one group exercisespower over another group. We see how patriarchy is stillexpressed politically i.e. the rulers and those who are ruledas well as in all kinds of religions across the board."

The DNA spiral staircase of Integration and

Disintegration

There is much to explore so I invite you to come on a jour-ney with me. Let’s have a look at the integration and disin-tegration of the Enneagram points.Having personally witnessed this in my own reactions and

that of others, I have come to the conclusion that both connecting lines areaccessed at the same time during integration or ……continued on page 18

Olga Allen

TT he Enneagram community might want to decide onthe meaning of ESSENCE and certain other fre-quently used words because some of us have a tendency to slide into slop-

py language and logic now and then. "Essence" is often connected to religiousbeliefs, however, so we may have a hard time pinning it down to an acceptable defi-nition for all - but it would be interesting to try.

The American Heritage dictionary defines essence as: "1. The quality or quali-ties of a thing that give it its identity; the intrinsic or indispensable properties of athing. 2. The most important or effectual ingredient; crucial element. 3.Philosophy. The inherent, unchanging nature of a thing or class of things, as distin-guished from its attributes or its existence."

Is essence something personal within or emanating from the individual? Is it theopposite - impersonal – having its source in the cosmos? Perhaps essence is bestobserved and interpreted by the beholder, who can see past the clutter into what isbasic and real about us? Would it be possible to omit any religious connotation of

"essence," following the example of the U.S. government,which separates church and state? (I must have dreamed that

some of my money had "IN GOD I TRUST" on it.) Those who believe theirunique essence is seen by a god who is also unique, may not accept such a defini-tion. Yet a definition that smacked of theology might offend the atheists among us.

Is human essence material or immaterial or both? I have two reasons for favor-ing the immaterial: first, when I was a child, I firmly believed it was unfair thathumans had bodies - because some bodies didn’t work right or were unattractive -and that wasn’t fair. I’m often blindly loyal to my childhood notions. Second, I nowhave a totally disabled person in my family, which re-enforces my allegiance to thefirst reason. On the other hand, our spiritual/psychological Enneagram movementhas some teachers who focus on the body. We can’t dismiss their contributions. Iappreciate these non-verbal expressions of the Enneagram.

My scientist friend says essence is the material universe in the form of energy -his being inhabits the tiniest bit of it, then will ……continued on page 12

EssenceElizabeth Wagele

training leadersJane Tight

page 2

E. of life paths part 2 SusanRhodes

page 5

levels of development DonRiso&RussHudson

page 13IN THIS ISSUE

the conversation # 19regular suspects

page 14

are all 9 in there?Mario Sikora

page 9

February 2007Issue 134

monthlyenneaenneagram

© by Olga Allen 2007

enneagram monthly2 february 2007

2

TT hirty-five elected and appointed studentleaders at a private high school wererequired to attend fifteen hours of class-

room work to qualify for a leadership independentstudy. Together with the dean of students and deanof student activities, I helped design four workshopsto increase their ability to self-observe, notice theirimpact on others, appreciate the differences of theirclassmates, and develop themselves as effective lead-ers. The workshops were held on periodic Sundayafternoons through-out the school year. The stu-dents ranged in age from 14 to 18, freshmen toseniors. Due to the extra-curricular feeling of theworkshops, the environment was casual, interactive,and participatory.

At the first workshop, I introduced the conceptof emotional intelligence1 . When we discussed dis-tinguishing characteristics of favorite and leastfavorite teachers and coaches, the students quicklysaw how emotional intelligence was the predomi-nant factor when assessing their personal experienceswith teachers and coaches. In this highly academicschool, we all noted that though education level isimportant, it didn’t rank as an important trait forsuccessful learning.

I gave them a brief introduction to theEnneagram Personality Typing System2 along with atour of the Nine Core Personality types. The stu-

dents were then given a set of cards3 to assist them intyping themselves. I fielded questions in an effort tohelp the students determine their types.

The students began to see the differences in theirworld views by listening to the questions and hear-ing the answers. The goal was not to “nail theirtypes” but to hold the information lightly, and knowthat this was simply the beginning of self-observa-tion. After 45 minutes of dialogue, the enneagramsystem was beginning to reveal itself to the students.

The students were then invited to divide intotype groups to discuss why they thought they werein that type group. I circulated among the groupsanswering and posing questions. I also encouragedthe students to try out other groups if they didn’tfeel they fit with the one they had initially selected.

Finally, the students were asked to come up witha brief presentation by type to convince a collegeadmission counselor why they would be the mostvaluable students to admit to their university. It wasimminently clear that all groups had compellingemotional strengths and gifts that would distinguishthem in any group. Each group was rewarded with around of applause and a bag of Halloween candy.

In the second workshop I began with a review ofthe types, their focus of attention, and basic charac-

teristics of each type.To add interest tothis population, Ialso shared names ofsome famous peopleand some well-known companieswith conjecturesabout their types.Many students hadquestions of clarifica-tion (and chal-lenges!) about thesystem, which werehandled interactivelywith the group. Theintention was alwaysto raise questions fors e l f - o b s e r v a t i o nrather than provideanswers.The students werethen divided into tri-ads of mixed types. Idistributed a toolgeared toward com-munication stylewhich describedbody language,speaking style, blindspots and distortions.Each triad was askedto discuss what they

found to be true and not true about the descriptions.This helped the students to further identify theirtypes. Again, I circulated around the room assistingwith questions and observations, always holding thetype lightly. In the debrief to the whole group, thestudents made astute observations about cultural dif-ferences and about their teachers and parents!

The students were then asked to select one com-munication characteristic that they would like tobecome more aware of. Each person selected a part-ner to observe them as they engaged in a controver-sial topic of conversation with a group of seven otherstudents. In this case I posed some questions regard-ing MySpace.com. The students then met with theirpartners and shared what they had observed aboutthe selected communication characteristic.

The third workshop was designed around thetopics of stress and conflict. We began by showingthe first thirty minutes of the movie “Crash” whichhad been nominated for the “Best Picture Award” atthe Academy Awards. The students were asked towrite down as many stereotypes as they could iden-tify in the movie clip, after which they worked insmall groups to write down as many stereotypes asthey could that exist in their school. We debriefed ina large group and they were asked how they, asschool leaders, could change school culture aboutthese school views. The student’s view of theirschool and its stereotypes quickly became as com-plex as “Crash!”

I then introduced the Pinch/Crunch Model4 todescribe conflict. (When two to three small irritants,or ’pinches’ are suppressed, the result is a conflict, or’crunch’.) We brainstormed how the characters inthe movie were pinched and subsequently foundthemselves in full conflict. I asked them to talk insmall groups about what kinds of circumstancespinch them. The students were fascinated to hearthat certain behaviors caused one person to ‘crunch’while another student had no reaction at all to thesame behavior. For example, some students loved itwhen a teacher was distracted from the lesson plan,while other students became anxious about not get-ting all the information.

To further differentiate how different types expe-rience conflict, I asked for a volunteer from each typegroup and ran a panel. A panel is a group of peoplewho volunteer to publicly answer a series of ques-tions posed by an interviewer. The questions I askedwere, “What makes you think you are this type?”,“What do you notice about yourself when you are inconflict?”, and “What can others do to help youwhen you are in conflict?” The audience was deeplyrespectful of the panel. The differences between typesbecame clearly evident when the types were able tospeak using the narrative tradition. The panelistswere rewarded by a round of applause and apprecia-tion ribbons for their participation.

By the time of the next workshop, most of theparticipants were strongly identified with a type.There were still some

Training High School Student Leaders inEmotional Intelligence by Using the Enneagram

Jane Tight

……continued on page 4

E + G W = C2

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is a diagnosis of a sickness of the heart. By itself, it is mainly adescription of your problem, along with some side benefits of your type.

focuses on the three centers (thinking, feeling and doing). Aspresented by Maurice Nicoll, it is a system of principles and practices which is acure for the sickness the Enneagram diagnoses and describes.

is what happens when you put them together. It bringswholeness of soul, joy, inner peace, and true love.

When you decide to train with Kathy and Theodorre, this iswhat you learn. It is the cornerstone of the

which we call“Level 1: The Enneagram of Transformation ” It is also thereason a swan, symbol of spirituality, combines with theEnneagram in our logo.

When you come to ERI training programs, you also experience deeper workwith the three centers and the nine types, video taped panels of all nine types, andexercises which loosen your compulsion’s hold on you. Your active involvement is animportant part of the process. You receive complete course materials andcertification to teach “The Enneagram Experience ” seminar.

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enneagram monthly 3february 2007

Training High School Student Leaders in Emotional Intelligence by using the Enneagram JaneTight 2Four workshops. Designed to increase students’ ability to self-observe, notice their impact on others, appreciate the differences of their classmates, and develop themselves as effective leaders.

The Enneagram of Life Paths Part 2 SusanRhodes 5The core thread that runs throughout this article is the idea that it’s possible to explore type and subtype not in order to transcend them, but in order to fulfill their promise.

Are All Nine in There? MarioSikora 9A new and promising typing tool. It comes with guidance on how to tell if you are over- or under-developed in any of the strategies and what you can do about it

The Levels of Development: Chart 4 DonRiso&RussHudson 13At a glance and all on one page. The Levels of Development. From the deepest level of pathology, to the highest level of self-actualization, each type follows a distinct pattern.

The Conversation # 19 TomIsham,KirbyOlson, JackLabanauskas,SusanRhodes,MarioSikoras 14

A broad range of views. Several themes, from the alchemy of enneagram concepts, to causes of“teaching disabilities” in academia, to pitting Darwinism vs. Intelligent Design.

enneagram monthlyFebruary 2007

Enneagram Monthly748 Wayside Rd.Portola Valley, CA 94028

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Volume 13, Number 2 Issue 134

Transformation of Patriarchal Manifestation OOlgaAllenAn Enneagram that portrays a common sense of Balance and Equality between the genders, races etc. Spiritually, a realization that we are all "stardust" made of the same stuff.

Essence ElizabethWageleThe Enneagram community might want to decide on the meaning of Essence. Frequently used words have a tendency to slide into sloppy language and logic and need periodic fine-tuning.

ON THE COVER

FEATURES

DEPARTMENTS

Visit our web site! www.ennea.orgCheck out the updated Index by Author 1995 - 2006and the new Index by Subject 1995 - 2006


who were uncertain, mostly due to their absencefrom previous workshops. The leaders were also farenough along in the school year that they were con-fident and getting restless in their positions. Thedeans of students and I decided it was good timingto push them in their leadership capabilities andchallenge them to actually lead.

I began by using materials on leadership para-digms. We discussed some examples of leadership par-adigms drawn from history (Hitler and national pride,Gorbachev and democracy). I asked them to think ofa time when they had led a school project, a commu-nity service project, fine arts or athletic team success-fully. They were to discuss in small groups “Whatbehaviors or skills do you use to lead?”, “Why do peo-ple allow them to lead?” In the debrief, the popularand successful basketball team captain was asked todescribe his leadership style. Other students also madeobservations. The students were able to identify his

collaborative and personable type three style.I then posted descriptions of leadership para-

digms by type around the room on poster boards…but the types were not listed on the poster. Thestudents were asked to mill around the room silent-ly, reading each description until they could settleon one paradigm that reflected their own leadershipstyle. Each type group was then asked to prepare aone minute presentation that would demonstratetheir leadership styles describing why they should beselected as the new headmaster of the school. Thefunny presentations provided additional opportuni-ties for insight and learning.

The last challenge was to move to the poster of adifferent style. Each student was asked to discuss inthat small group how they would have been a differ-ent kind of leader this school year if that had beentheir primary leadership style. Throughout all work-shops I encouraged the students to use the enneagram

developmentally, encouraging students to increasetheir flexibility and decrease their rigidity of stance.

As a result of this work, I was asked to give aworkshop for the parent community during a parenteducation conference. I also generated much interestfrom the parents of these leadership students as theytook their learning home…which I always encour-aged! I have been asked to continue my work withthe student and parent communities during theupcoming year.

I highly encourage trained enneagram teachers toteach to this wonderfully open and receptive studentpopulation in your own community. It is fun,refreshing and deeply satisfying to work withvibrant, young leaders of the future.

Please feel free to contact me with further ques-tions.

[email protected]__________

1 Emotional intelligence is defined as the abilityto know and manage yourself, understand othersaccurately, and interact with others productively.

2 The Enneagram is a system that describes ninedistinct patterns of thinking, feeling and actingbased on focus of attention and motivation for sur-vival and satisfaction. . ..

3 Typing Cards and other materials producedand distributed by Bogda & Associates

4 The Pinch/Crunch Model of Conflictdescribed by Ginger Lapid-Bogda in her book“Bringing Out the Best in Yourself at Work”McGraw Hill (2004), is from a larger conceptualmodel called “Planned Renegotiations: A Norm-Setting OD Intervention,” developed by JackSherwood and John Glidewell (1973)

Training High School… continued from page 1

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II t’s funny that although most of us agree that eachpoint of view does possess a unique quality, try-ing to find a single label that captures this quality

turns out to be a challenge. That’s why most ennea-gram books include lengthy descriptions of each typethat attempt to flesh out the brief type descriptors.

Still, I found the idea of characterizing types bylooking at their key roles an intriguing idea. This ishow I became intrigued with subtypes (aka instinc-tual variants). Looking at each type in terms of thethree arenas in which it shows up in life—the self-preservation, sexual, and social arenas—triples thenumber of roles for each type.

I talked with Katherine Chernick and DavidFauvre and poured over their study on subtypes. Ilooked at Peter O’Hanrahan’s enneagram workbook,which has a lot of subtype information, including anice table in which he lists two descriptors for eachsubtype (plus a brief description). The first label is apersona label that he devised himself and the secondis a description of the quality most associated withthat subtype. The latter terms are inherited from theArica teachings of Oscar Ichazo (see Table 3).

However, nothing I saw encompassed the rangeof possible personas I could envision for each sub-type. So I generated my own list of roles, organizedby subtype. It remains a work in progress, but it’snow sufficiently long to serve as a useful tool.

Archetypal Personas by Subtype

The list as it currently exists is shown in Table 4.(It turned into a table after it got rather long andunwieldy.)

The personas in Table 4 vary a lot in theirnature—some of them are more classical or arche-typal in nature (Trickster, Hero, or Alchemist) whileothers are more contemporary, career-focused, or"everyday" (Salon Designer or Committee Worker).These personas all imply life paths of a kind,although some are more all-encompassing or univer-sal than others.

Some of the images are likely to show up inouter life, while others are more likely to remain asinner personas. Many of the inner personas thatspeak the most eloquently to us do show up in someway in outer life, as the personal or professionalroles we take on. But there’s a lot of individual varia-

tion in how these personas speak to us.It’s important to note that although I associate

each persona with a particular subtype, I’m not try-ing to suggest that only people of that subtype canexperience that persona (that someone has to be anintimate Four to be a Poet or a social Six to be aPolice Officer). However, I am suggesting that peo-ple of a certain subtype will probably resonate withmore of the roles listed for that subtype than peoplewho are of a different subtype.

Take my own inner personas, which include anInner Explorer, Gypsy, Psychologist, Edge-walker,Artist, Craftsman, Scientist, Critic, Helper,Organizer, and Skeptic. The first six of them aredirectly linked to my type and subtype: Self-Preservation Four. The Scientist reveals my Fivewing, and being a Cognitive Psychologist reallyclinches the connection to Five. The Critic can beattributed to either the social subtype of Four or theconnection to One. The Nurturer comes from theconnection to Two (and self-pres. Two, at that—I

love to bake for friends and family!), the Skepticcomes from my father, a Six; it’s also resonant withthe Scientist of my wing.

This list is not exhaustive. I doubt that it ever willbe. But I hope it’s at least evocative. I see each type asmultifaceted, and I wanted to present as many of itsfaces as possible, instead of just one or two.

Some of these faces are kind, others cruel. Someare grand, others ordinary. Some are modern, othersancient. There are no value judgments here. Since Iconsider type to be transpersonal, I consider the per-sonas we take on to have transpersonal or archetypalquality, too—even the modern-sounding or prosaic

ones that we’d never find featured in Bullfinch’sMythology (e.g., Servant, Helper, Clerk, Caretaker,or Committee Member).

I was talking with a friend about this—abouthow ordinary roles never seem to have the statusthat dramatic roles do. She observed that Trivia isthe Goddess of the Crossroads. I asked what shemeant, and she said that the roles that lack status(that seem ordinary or trivial) may actually be themost essential, because they’re the ones that "standat the crossroads." They’re the ones that tie togetherthe social fabric, often in ways that are unseen andunappreciated. The value of such roles is actuallyinestimable, because when they’re not fulfilled, thesocial fabric starts to unravel. The low status weaccord them may be due to their feminine character,which is why we don’t see them in heroic literature.

This seems like an important point, because welive at a time when our failure to appreciate theordinary is bringing us to the brink of disaster.About the same time my friend told me about theGoddess of Trivia, I had a dream in which I knew Iwas on the plane of the archetypes. But all I sawthere were ordinary-looking figures walking along astreet, not doing anything the least bit heroic or spe-cial. They seemed completely nondescript. Despitetheir ordinary appearance, the vibrancy of theirbeing literally knocked my socks off. They wereintensely present and alive to the moment.

This dream showed me that what makes anarchetype is not a special role, but a quality of being.As such, it’s something that anyone can cultivate.

I also thought a lot about how to deal withShadow roles—those that evoke fear, shame, or hor-ror. I felt I couldn’t leave these out, because they arealso a part of our psychic lives. As depth psycholo-gist James Hillman has said, "Shadow is aninevitable necessity of the human condition, anindelible psychological fact of all perception and allbehavior."

Shadow roles may be hard to look at, but theyare just as much a part of us as other roles we play.Acknowledging them as ours is what helps usbecome integrated. It’s when we can’t or won’t seethem that they start haunting our dreams or creat-ing symptoms that show up in outer life.

From a dramatic standpoint, Shadow personasoften have a critical role to play, one that cannot beplayed by anyone else. Witness the part of thepathetic Gollum in Lord of the Rings. Frodo is theOrdinary Hero (a Nine-ish persona), the"Everyman" who trods the long path to

The Enneagram of Life Paths Part 2Susan Rhodes

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Point Self-Preservation Instinct Sexual Instinct Social Instinct

1 Anxiety (the Pioneer) Jealousy/Zealousness (the Evangelist) Inadaptibility (the Social Reformer)

2 Privilege (the Nurturer) Seduction/Aggression (the Lover) Ambition (the Ambassador)

3 Security (the Company Man or

Woman)

Femininity/Masculinity (the Movie

Star)

Prestige (the Politician)

4 Dauntlessness (the Individualist) Competitiveness (the Drama King or

Queen)

Shame (the Critical Commentator)

5 Home (the Castle Defender) Confidentiality (the Secret Agent) Totem/Symbols (the Professor)

6 Warmth (the Family Loyalist) Strength or Beauty (the Warrior) Duty (the Social Guardian)

7 Family (the Gourmand) Suggestibility (the Salesman or

Saleswoman)

Limitation/Sacrifice (the Utopian

Visionary

8 Satisfactory Survival (the

Survivalist)

Possession/Surrender (the Benevolent

Dictator)

Friendship/Social Causes (the Group

Leader/Gang Leader)

9 Appetite (the Collector) Union (the Seeker) Participation (the Community

Benefactor)


table 4, full page

Table 4. Enneagram Archetypes, Social Roles, and Life Paths

POINT Self-preservation Instinct

(Survival)

Sexual Instinct

(Intimacy)

Social Instinct

(Community)

POINT 1

Pioneer, Settler, Wilderness Tamer, Dignified Civilizer,

Civic-minded Citizen, Sober Citizen, Disciplined

Perfectionist, Meticulous Worker, Copy Editor, Fine

Craftsman, Grammarian, Duty-bound Family Member,

Responsible Person, Honorable Survivor, Parsimonious

Spender, Skinflint

Monk, Nun, Ascetic, Renunciate, Evangelist, Proselytizer,

Missionary, Pilgrim, Puritan, Ethical or Spiritual Counselor,

Confessor, Exacting Mentor, Interrogator, Fiery Advocate,

Angry Demonstrator, Thorn in the Side, Picketer,

Protester, Ranting Reformist, Jealous Lover, Possessive

Friend

Judge, Jurist, Priest, Pope, Hierophant, Chief Justice,

Abbot, Mother Superior, Examiner, Auditor, Inquisitor,

Keeper of the Scrolls, Parliamentarian, Lawmaker, Old

Testament Prophet, Rule Maker, Arbiter, Scribe, Legal

Advocate, Social Reformer, Religious Educator

POINT 2

Guardian Angel, Mother Nature, Doting Mother, Devoted

Caregiver, Homemaker, Housewife, Cook, Nurse, Fairy

Godmother, Best Friend, Eager Helper, Sympathetic

Listener, Inquisitive Matchmaker, Busybody, Gossip, Self-

Martyring Sacrificer, Would-be Rescuer, Emotional

Blackmailer, Diva, Maestro, Crone, Devouring Mother

Devoted Helpmate, Supportive Partner, Selfless Lover,

Sensitive Friend, Flirt, Coquette, Lothario, Seducer,

Femme Fatale, Casanova, Playboy, Harlot, Divine

Prostitute, Madonna, Sacrificial Christ, Vestal Virgin, Holy

Innocent, Saint, Devotee, Pampered Prince or Princess,

Stalker, Victim, Emotional Vampire

Diplomat, Ambassador, Community Builder, Social

Organizer, Neighborhood Networker, Humanitarian, Event

Hostess, Social Smoother, Social Manipulator, Power

Behind the Throne, Hidden Partner, Public Relations

Consultant, Social Climber, Ambitious Parent, Stage

Mother, Bleeding Heart

POINT 3

Determined Achiever, Success-oriented Careerist,

Adaptable Go-Getter, Company Man, Energetic Mom,

CFO, Pragmatic Entrepreneur, Hardworking Apprentice,

Ambitious Journeyman, Focused Striver, “Type A”

Personality, Comeback Kid, Big Fish in a Small Pond,

Financial Security Seeker

Public Personality, Aspiring Star, Shining Star, Popular

Hero, Attention-getter, Sex Goddess, Glamour Queen,

Fashion Plate, Model, Manicured Professional, Airbrushed

Perfection Projector, Media Sensation, Masculine Ideal,

Feminine Ideal, Venus, Adonis, Barbie or Ken figure

Early Adapter, Effective Presenter, Team Leader, Office

Seeker, Opinion Leader, Politician, Head of the Class,

Valedictorian, First Among Equals, Credentialed

Consultant, Lobbyist, Prestige Elite Member, Marketing

Executive, Public Relations Guru, Spin Doctor, Glosser-

over, Master of Expediency

POINT 4

Bohemian, Artisan, Craftsmen, Storyteller, Hands-on

Creator, Gypsy, Wordsmith, Concept Editor, Individualist,

Weaver, Independent Learner, Interested Teacher,

Persevering Seeker, Wounded Healer, Explorer of Deep

Psyche, Spiritual Gambler, Self-protective Independence

Seeker, Edge-Walker, Velveteen Rabbit

Dramatic Person, Eloquent Poet, Method Actor, Deep-Sea

Diver, Unfulfilled Lover, Vengeful Lover, Passionate

Soulmate, Romantic Rival, Jealous Competitor, Intense

Soul Seeker, Self-transcending Artist, Serious Embracer,

Great Novelist, Tortured Existentialist, Damsel in Distress,

Abandoned Prince or Princess, Misunderstood Artiste

Witty Pundit, Social Critic, Insightful Commentator, Public

Artist/Designer/Architect, Refined Elitist, Social Muck-raker,

Alienated Idealist, Ambivalent Truth-teller, Rebel Without A

Cause, Justified Complainer, Unpopular Confronter, Loose

Cannon, Ugly Duckling, Alone in the Crowd, Pained Isolate,

Abandoned Child

POINT 5

Private Genius, Solitary Philosopher, Puzzle Solver,

Mental Tinkerer, Theoretical Inventor, Blueprint Creator,

Amateur Scholar, Serious Hobbyist, Stuff Collector, Space

Protector, Reflective Thinker, Detailed Analyzer,

Professional Student, Treasure Finder, Hermit, Nerd,

Recluse, Collector

Spy, Sleuth, Alchemist, Scientist, Mad Scientist,

Investigator, Private Detective, Undercover Operative,

Internet Wizard, Chat Room Enthusiast, Chess Player,

Private Tutor, Secret Photographer, Exchanger of

Confidences, Weirdo Voyeur, Secret Society Member,

Wizard of Oz

Group Observer, Recognized Expert, Honored Teacher,

Tenured Professor, Knowledge Repository, Dispassionate

Facilitator, Impersonal Guide, Bodhisattva, Occasional

Iconoclast, Etymologist, Myth Collector, Anthropologist,

Arcane Expert, Wise Man or Woman, Tribal Healer,

Shaman, Witch Doctor

POINT 6

Shy Loyalist, Gentle Friend, Family Preserver, Quiet Doer,

Faithful Companion, Concerned Parent, Loyal Employee,

Frequent Worrier, Nervous Nelly, Stable Supporter, Warm

Welcomer, Gracious Host or Hostess, Brave Little Mouse,

Little Engine That Could, Obstacle Surmounter, Home

Economist

Fiery Rebel, Combative Opponent, Feisty Friend, Debater,

Underdog Fighter, Scrapper, Runt of the Litter, Fierce

Warrior, Tender Defender, Defender of the Faith,

Battlefield Medic, Cowardly Lion, Beauty Queen, Miss

America, Prince Valiant, Braveheart, Dauntless Explorer,

Sensitive Creator, Aesthetic Appreciator, Idealistic Lover,

Shy Sensualist

Preservationist, Conserver of the Social Order, Historian,

Loyalist, Archivist, Recorder, Community Builder/Volunteer,

Committee Worker, Prosecutor, Community Protector,

Police Officer, Firefighter, Upholder of Law & Order,

Reluctant Whistleblower, True Believer, Vigilante,

Unyielding Conformist

POINT 7

Bon Vivant, Salon Designer, Renaissance Man or Woman,

Family Visionary, Magical Child, Fun Parent, Pastry Chef,

“Good Life” Aficionado, Communard, Family Entertainer,

Visionary Entrepreneur, Interior Designer, Home Improver,

Versatile Generalist, Idea Glutton, Self-improvement

Junkie, Intellectual Spinner, Self-fascinated Narcissist

Artless Charmer, Dance-away Lover, Shameless

Hedonist, Space Cadet, Comic, Mimic, Hippie, Manic

Escapist, Rake, Alcoholic, Addict, Dreamer, Artist,

Trickster, Vagabond, Aimless Wanderer, Juggler, Fool,

Jack, Panhandler, Self Actualizer, Gambler, Jack of All

Trades, Snake Charmer, Clothes Designer, Raconteur,

Troubadour

Social Idealist, Political Visionary, High-Flying Utopian,

Optimistic Futurist, Social Planner, Armchair Revolutionary,

Intellectual Anarchist, Winged Messenger, Angelic Herald,

Swift Courier, Idea Networker, Aquarian Thinker,

Innovative Communicator, Human Potential Activist,

Trendsetter, Jet-setter, One of the Beautiful People, Icarus

POINT 8

Father Figure, Protector, Guardian, Powerful Presence,

Heavyweight, Strong Silent Type, Weightlifter, Sampson,

Hercules, Atlas, Mountain Man, Mountain Mama, Force of

Nature, Wilderness Survivor, Prepared Survivalist, Mother

Bear, Weightlifter, Pillar of Strength, Unsung Hero, Little

Orphan Annie

God or Goddess, God’s Instrument, Guru, Rescuer,

Champion, Gunslinger, Knight Errant, Charismatic Hero,

Honor-Bound Avenger, Personal Intimidator, Ruthless

Agent, Pirate King, Martial Artist, Avenging Angel, Angel

of Death, Shiva/Kali, Destroyer, Tyrant, Hunter or

Huntress

Patriarch, King, Queen, Emperor, Empress, Established

Ruler, Autocrat, CEO, Boss, Natural-Born Leader, Leader of

the Pack, Mafia Don, Military Commander, Chieftain,

Benevolent Dictator, Tactician, Strategist, Commander in

Chief, Tough-love Parent, Hardliner, Gang Leader, Power

Broker, Dominant Personality, Uncompromising Negotiator

POINT 9

Practical Person, Patient Endurer, Steady Worker,

Sensible Thinker, Nature Lover, Unassuming Doer,

Putterer, Appreciator of Detail, Enjoyer of Habits, Person

of the Land, Peasant, Serf, Slave, Nomad, Herdsman,

Crop Picker, Tribe Member, Cowhand, Gardener, Manual

Laborer, Winnie the Pooh

Intimate Companion, Personal Valet, Devoted Servant or

Retainer, Empathic Listener, Receptive Friend, Gentle

Helper, Natural Mystic, Lost Soul, Fantasy Spinner,

Enjoyer of Pleasure, Devotee, Tabula Rasa, Nature

Worshipper, Meditator, Animal Lover, Surrendered Lover,

Lover of Love

Group Participant, Community Member, Natural Mediator,

Harmonizer, Blender, Go-Between, Peacemaker,

Consensus Builder, Family Counselor, Unassuming

Facilitator, Unintentional Networker, Faithful Steward,

Activity Coordinator, Coach, Referee, Team Supporter


its end, only to find that when he gets there, he’sunable to do what needs to be done. It’s Gollum,not Frodo, who makes the final critical move thatbrings the story to a decisive conclusion.

Approaching the whole idea of story and roleswith a little bit of humor has been helpful to me. Tosee what’s there without getting hooked by my ownvalue judgments about what I like or don’t likeabout what I see!

I like to use this matrix as way to spark new waysof thinking about the enneagram and to give peopleyet another tool for discovering their type. I showedit to a friend who’d never seen the enneagram andshe accurately picked out her type and subtype in afew minutes.

Of course, this kind of approach doesn’t alwayswork, because type is always determined by motiva-tion, so it’s impossible to pinpoint motivation basedon role alone. Someone obviously doesn’t have to bea social One to be a lawyer or a self-preservationFour to throw pots. Nevertheless, collecting lots ofroles for each subtype can help make the idea oftype a lot more concrete. It can be a wayof "seeing motivation in action."

One thing I discovered is thatalthough this 27-box matrix worked wellfor what I was doing, there are somedescriptors that just didn’t fit that wellinto the category of a single subtype.Some are broader than that, like the onesthat we use to describe type overall suchas the Perfectionist or Achiever. In addi-tion to "too broad" archetypes, I also hada problem with "too specific" archetypes,such as those that are most apt whenwe’re talking about just one wing of asubtype. A case in point is the Coach andReferee personas that are particularly aptfor Point 9w8 social subtype, rather thanPoint 9 per se. Another is Little OrphanAnnie, which seems to me like a self-preservation 8w7. While I excluded the"too broad" roles, I usually included theoverly specific roles (that lean toward onewing more than the other).

One last note on the table: As Isearched for descriptors for each type, Ifound one group more challenging thanthe others: Type 3. My own favoritedescriptor for Type 3 is the "Chameleon,"because they are so great at adaptation.But when someone is a chameleon, it’shard to say what this looks like, because itchanges depending on the context. Manyof the descriptors I finally chose involvebusiness and political roles because welive in a democratic consumer culturewhich rewards people who excel in thosedomains. But Threes who live in cultureswith other values would likely be attract-ed the social roles that enable them toshine, whatever these may be. Also,Threes whose interests or values divergefrom the mainstream would tailor theirtalents to the areas that interest them. Iwas talking recently with a Three who’sinterested in esoteric studies, and his

interest is in gaining recognition in that area, not inmainstream culture. Still, many of the Three sub-

type descriptors (e.g., High-Rising Achiever or TeamLeader) can be applied in many different domains.

Encircling the Enneagram

Since my interest is in looking at the enneagramin terms of creative potentials, I like to generate lotsof ways to look at personas. So in addition to explor-ing all the different roles possible for each subtype,I’ve been exploring how the different personas "shadeinto" one another as we move from Point 9 to Point1 to Point 2, etc. This has already been explored tosome extent by authors who like to explore the wings(e.g., Riso & Hudson and Tom Condon), but I didit in a more detailed and graphical way.

First, I divided the wing types by subtype, whichgave me six subtypes per type (e.g., SP 1w9, SX1w9, SOC 1w9, SP 1w2, SX 1w2, SOC 1w2). ThenI added one more set of three subtypes per type thatshowed the "bi-winged" personas. Last, I placed allof these personas on the enneagram (see Figure 5).

The top line (in regular type) is the self-preserva-tion subtype, the second line (in italics) is the inti-mate subtype, and the third line (in bold) is thesocial subtype.

Seeing the descriptors graphically depict- > > >

Approaching the wholeidea of story and roles with alittle bit of humor has beenhelpful to me. To see what’s

there without gettinghooked by my own valuejudgments about what Ilike or don’t like about

what I see!


ed helps me see the relationship of types and subtypeson the outer circle of the enneagram. In the enneagramcommunity, we’re used to talking about the flow alongthe inner lines. But there’s also a flow along the outer

lines. Arranging the subtype descriptors along the outeredge makes it easier to see the nature of that flow.

I also like to work with this list to explore therelationship between "lookalike" types. Many looka-like types can be distinguished by looking at sub-type, and this figure is helpful in that regard.

Take Sixes and Ones. Both types tend to beindustrious and responsible. But Ones are"anger types" while Sixes are "fear types."I tried to pick descriptors that capturedthis difference. I describe the One asa High-minded Civilizer andSocial Reformer. These terms aredesigned to convey the subli-mated fire that fuels thispoint of view. I describe theSix, however, as aCommunity Server andFamily Preserver. Thesedescriptors emphasizethe desire to join witha group in order toensure mutual helpand protection.

I also tried toshow how movingfrom one point toanother (and one cen-ter to another) subtlybut definitively shiftsthe focus. For example,moving from Seven toEight represents a shift inboth point and center. Theself-preservation 7w8 is aZesty Pragmatist while theself-preservation 8w7 is aResourceful Realist. The intimate7w8 is an Enthusiastic Lover whilethe 8w7 is a Bold Lover. The social7w8 is a Strategic Planner while the 8w7is a Confident Initiator. The point changemeans a shift from enthusiasm to dominance.The center change means a shift from mental toinstinctual energy. I tried to use language that wouldreflect these kinds of shifts.

It was hard for me to select just one label foreach position, because of my strong sense that noone label can really capture all the aspects of thatposition. But it would just be too confusing to havemultiple labels, so I have to settle for one.

In the end, it doesn’t matter that much. Both thetable and the diagram aren’t designed to be defini-tive, just evocative—to stimulate thinking and evokean imaginative response. This is the way I like towork with the enneagram.

Other approaches I find interesting include look-ing at the themes and stories associated with eachtype (as Tom Condon and Judith Searle are doing),and working with visual images of type (asKatherine Chernick and David Fauvre are doing).Recently, I’ve also become more aware of the themeof life paths coming up in Peter O’Hanrahan’s workwith the subtypes.

My own ongoing enneagram explorations focus

on diverse areas, but they always encompass the ideathat type is a positive energy potential. In other arti-cles, I explore the relationship between the personali-ty and process enneagrams, the relationship betweenthe enneagram and other systems (e.g., Ken Wilber’s),the enneagram from the perspective of systems theo-ry, and the nature of the enneagram subtypes (as lifearenas). These articles are all available on my website

(www.enneagramdimensions.net).The common thread that runs throughout these

articles is the idea that it’s possible to explore typeand subtype not in order to transcend them, but inorder to fulfill their promise. It’s this sense ofpromise that intrigues me and draws me deeper intoenneagram studies.

Notes8 In Search, by James Hillman, p. 1359 9w8= Type 9 with an 8 wing •

KEY TO

SUBTYPE LABELS

Self-pres. SubtypeSexual SubtypeSocial Subtype

Figure 5. “Wings Around the Enneagram.”A progression of subtypes around the outer enneagram circle.

In the enneagram commu-nity, we’re used to talkingabout the flow along the

inner lines. But there’s also aflow along the outer lines.

Arranging the subtypedescriptors along the outeredge makes it easier to see

the nature of that flow.

Receptive EnthusiastPlayful Lover Community

Entertainer

Unassuming Enjoyer Dreamy Lover

Universal HarmonizerCareful CompilerWistful LoverFair Mediator

Dauntless CreatorMoody LoverRuthless Truthteller

Best FriendSeductive LoverSocial Networker

Affable Go-GetterCharming LoverCooperative Leader

Artistic AchieverSelf-conscious LoverDistinctive Aristocrat

Non-Conforming ArtisanSelf-dramatizing LoverSocial Critic

Crusty EccentricQuirky LoverIconoclastic Commentator

Reclusive Thinker Private LoverPublic Observer

Detached PuzzlerUndemonstrative LoverTrend Analyzer

Cautious ConserverBashful LoverCommunity Server

Family PreserverTender LoverCommunity Upholder

Family AppreciatorGrateful LoverCommunity Developer

Zesty PragmatistEnthusiastic LoverStrategic Planner

Good Life AficionadoJoyful LoverSocial Visionary

Resourceful RealistBold Lover Confident Initiator

Powerful SurvivorChivalric LoverTriumphant Leader

Enduring ProtectorAssertive LoverStrong Ruler

Patient AccepterReceptive LoverCalm Pacifier

Conscientious DetailerSelf-contained Lover

Reserved ArbitratorSelf-critical Perfectionist Intense LoverHigh-minded Civilizer

Concerned Citizen Impassioned Lover Social Reformer

Natural NurturerEager LoverFriendly Hostess

Focused AchieverModel LoverPolitical Aspirant

Independent ProfessionalImage-aware LoverPrestige-conscious Leader

Good SamaritanGiving Lover Public Servant

Figure 5. “Wings Around the Enneagra m.” A progression of subtypes around the outer enneagram circle.

KEY TO SUBTYPE LABELS:Self-pres. SubtypeSexual SubtypeSocial Subtype

2

1

9

8

7

6

5 4

3

BodyyB

HeartaHeadH


“I think I’m partly a Six and partly a One andpartly a Three.”

Rich made this statement in a team-building ses-sion as we were discussing the various Ennea-typesrepresented on the team. Later, almost everyone onthe team privately relayed that they saw Rich as aSix and were surprised that he didn’t see it. But theycould relate to his comments because they too sawthemselves as more complex than being one fixedpersonality type.

Rich’s statement is one I hear frequently when Iexplain the Enneagram to people—they see otherpeople’s type clearly, but it takes them a while to seetheir type with the same focus. Traditionally, I haveput their concerns to rest with a standard answeralong the lines of, “Well, we have all of the types inus, but one is dominant.” But then I, like most oth-ers in the Enneagram world, go on to act as if I neversaid that and continue to focus on the person’s type.

What’s going on here?In “Character and Neurosis,” Claudio Naranjo

writes:“We may say that the ‘mental skeleton’ that we all

share is like a structure that can, like a crystal, breakin a certain number of ways that are pre-determined,so that among the set of main structural features anygiven individual (as a result of the interactionbetween constitutional and situational factors) endsup with one or the other in the foreground of his per-sonality—while the remaining features are in a moreproximate or more remote background.” (p. 12)

Essentially, Naranjo proposes that the nine “fea-tures” are all there within a given individual but thatone is in front and the others range in prominencebehind the main feature. Notice that Naranjo doesnot say whether or not there is an standard orderingto this prominence; i.e., he does not say that if youare, say, a Nine, the next prominent type residing inyour psyche will be Three, then Seven, then Four,etc. He probably avoids this topic because the “inter-action between constitutional and situational factors”is so complex and potentially varied that there proba-bly is no pattern to the order of the features.

While every Enneagram teacher worth his or hersalt would agree that “all of the types are in there,” Ihave yet to come across any who explore the signifi-cance of “feature proximity” (which types are closerto the front of our individual psyche and which arefarther away) and how we can use that knowledgefor growth. Instead, most teachers stay confined tothe geometric dynamics of the drawing, explainingsimilarities across type in terms of constructs thatare in some way wedded to the diagram. In otherwords, we explain why Nines sometimes lookThree-ish by focusing on connecting lines, why theysometimes look Four-ish by talking about“Hornevian groupings,” etc.

These explanations may be valid, but they canhandcuff us into a model of existence rather thangiving us the ability to see and experience our exis-tence as it really is. If you tell someone often enoughthat as an Eight they need to focus on being moreTwo-like and less Five-like, they will begin to see itand then to believe it. Because the mind works in

ways that seeks confirming evidence and ignorescontradictory evidence,* people will naturallybecome trapped in that limited view of themselves.What if our Eight really needs, based on the circum-stances of his or her life, to be more Four-like?

Note: (*See, for example, “Stumbling onHappiness” by Daniel Gilbert or “Don’t BelieveEverything You Think” by Thomas Kida.)

I have also seen connecting points, wings,Hornevian relationships, and the like used toexplain any and all sorts of behavior in a person. Infact, I once listened to two Enneagrammers explainthe behavior of a mutual acquaintance that wentsomething like:

“Well, Jane is a Nine, and she was acting thatway because she was disintegrating to Three.”

“Actually, Jane is a Five.”“Oh, well Threes and Fives are both in the ‘com-

petency group,’ so I’m not surprised…’“Yeah, that makes sense.”A model this malleable starts to loose value after

a while; if you can make it do whatever you wantand on its own it doesn’t really do anything at all.Sometimes people simply do things because theyseem to make sense at the time.

I’d like to propose another way of looking at“feature proximity.”

First we must define what we talk about whenwe talk about type. Naranjo, refers to an “adapta-tional strategy” that leads to a certain “fixity of obso-lete responses” (“Character and Neurosis,” pp. 5-6).This phrase inspired Robert Tallon and me to adoptthe term “strategy” for what lies at the core ofEnnea-type. For example, the chief “feature” of theThree is their unconscious preference of the strategyof “Striving to be Outstanding.” This bias leadsThrees to behave in ways suited to the strategy, therepetition and habituation of the behaviors leads tothe “fixity” that we refer to as Ennea-type.

In other words, Threes are driven by a need to beoutstanding (I would conjecture that this need isdue to some constitutional factors, but it is merelyconjecture). They find certain behaviors that helpthem achieve this need. They repeat those behaviors.Those behaviors become habitual and fixed. Theycontinue to exhibit traits consistent with the classifi-cation called “Ennea-type Three.”

Thus, our definition of what constitutes type wasbased on the preferred strategy (what one was mostfrequently “striving to be”) rather than on observ-able traits and behaviors. This is a significant dis-tinction. No longer were Threes, for example, the“successful, accomplished, hardworking, and image-conscious” type; they became people who’s preferredstrategy was “striving to be outstanding” and thisstrategy could include all sorts of behaviors—eventhose that didn’t necessarily look “Three-ish.” As weall know, Threes and Eights, for example, sharemany superficial traits. But they often do similarthings for very different reasons: Threes because abehavior serves their preferred strategy of “strivingto be outstanding;” Eights because the same behav-

ior serves their preferred strategy of “striving to bepowerful.”

Some would argue that the nine types are “realand objective,” but such language makes me a littlenervous. If this is meant in the sense of Platonicforms—a concept popular in some Enneagram cir-cles—it means that the types actually exist in the uni-verse independent of the people who display them.(Plato made this case for what he called “forms,”things like beauty and truth; some in the Enneagrammake the same case for the Holy Ideas.) In otherwords: even if there where no people a Platonic viewsays that there would still be Ennea-types.

A strategy, however, is a concept, an approach, ora method. It need not exist independently ofhumans because it is something that has evolved inhumans over time and will probably continue toevolve. An Enneagram based on fixed traits will dis-appear over time because human nature is continu-ally (albeit gradually) evolving; an Enneagram basedon strategies has room for evolution.

Another problem with an approach to a “realand objective” Enneagram based on traits is itbecomes harder to explain the existence of all typesinside of our psyche and for variable feature proxim-ity (i.e., the ordering of the strategies or types asthey are found in an individual).

Here’s what I mean: I am an Eight. When peoplewho know me observe me, they see my Eight-ness.But they can also find Five-ness, One-

Are All Nine in There?Mario Sikora

> > >

© by Mario Sikora 2007

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ness, and Three-ness pretty close to the surface onmost days (in both positive and negative ways).Thus, using Naranjo’s terms, it could be said that thefeatures of Five-ness, One-ness, and Three-ness aremore proximate for me than are the other strategies.Other Eights, however, may display more proximateSeven-ness and Two-ness. If the nine types are realand objective, how does one explain such variation?

By looking at adaptational strategies “influencedby interaction between constitutional and situation-al factors,” however, it becomes easier to account forthe variation. I display more Five-ness than otherEights because my constitution and circumstancesmade those strategies rise to the fore (not necessarilybecause I’m psychologically unhealthy as some viewswould have it). Humans are adaptive creatures andwe all use different strategies at different timesunder different circumstances; our problem is thatwe don’t do it flexibly or frequently enough.

Once we establish “strategy” as the root of whatwe call “Ennea-type” (as Naranjo seems to) we cannow move on to the significance of what it means tohave “all of the types in us.” What we really have, ofcourse, is access to all of the strategies. The degree towhich we use those strategies, which is determinedby “constitutional and situational factors,” leads tothe degree of fixity of the various traits that stemfrom those strategies. In other words, even though Iam an Eight (with a preferred strategy of striving tobe powerful), I also demonstrate “Five-ish” (strivingto be detached) traits because I use that strategy a lotand behaviors inspired by it have become condi-tioned into the wiring of my brain. Other Eightslook different because their strategy preference orderis different and they develop different fixed traits.

This opens up a whole new way of looking at theEnneagram. Rather than focusing on the geometryof the diagram and working on oneself in a pre-scribed pattern, it becomes possible to focus on one’sreal needs if we understand how each of the ninestrategies exhibits itself in our lives.

Typically, people taking an Enneagram type testare told to look at their highest score as an indica-tion of their type (or to pick it out of the top threescores) and then to ignore the other eight scores asirrelevant (or else some lip-service is paid to “all thetypes being in us”). If, however, there is any rele-vance to your top score on a valid and reliable test,there must be some relevance to the lower scores aswell. By examining your scores on such an assess-ment you can see which strategies are proximate andwhich are recessed. This allows you to look specifi-cally at your life and see if you have a tendency toover-do or under-do a particular strategy and devel-op a plan for growth.

My associates, Mark Bodnarczuk and Elin Larsonof the Breckenridge InstituteTM, and I have just devel-oped an on-line test called the “Sikora SPITM”(“Strategy Preference Indicator”) that indicates pref-erences in both Ennea-type strategies and instinctualpreferences. The report includes scores plotted on aradar graph for easy visual representation of not justthe preferred strategy but the ranking of all of thestrategies in order (see Figure One). The radar graph,in a sense, becomes a snap-shot of the psyche interms of the strategies and Ennea-types. (Figure Twoshows an example of the instinct profile, which I will

write more about in a future article.)In addition to descriptions of the Ennea-types,

the report provides guidance on how to tell if youare over- or under-developed in any of the strategiesand what you can do about it.

This approach is not simply a matter of stayingstuck in the realm of ego fixation by in some wayincreasing fixation on another type. In the spirit ofAristotle’s “Golden Rule,” happiness and effective-ness in life grow from effectively applying the rightstrategy in the rightamount under the rightcircumstances. There isnothing wrong with, say,“striving to be powerful.”There is something wrong,however, with striving toomuch to be powerful inthe wrong circumstances,or not striving hardenough to be powerfulunder appropriate circum-stances. The ability to cali-brate the strategies in realtime (business-speak for“being present and flexi-ble”) leads to the dissolu-tion of the “fixity of obso-lete responses” thatNaranjo wrote about.

It is important to pointout that this is not anabandonment of tradition-al Enneagram theory.

Sunryu Suzuki said that“the first mistake is tobelieve that there is a self;the second mistake is tobelieve that there is not.”In the same “both/and”mindset, we are a particu-lar personality type and weare not. Our preferredstrategy (or our type) is theroot of the bulk of ourproblems. It is a large partof the story, but it is notthe whole story.

I also agree that, as ageneral rule, there is valuein looking at connectingpoints of the Enneagram asa guide for growth. That is,a Five generally needs towork on becoming morecomfortable with applyingthe strategy of striving tobe powerful, which isfound at Point Eight of theEnneagram. However, thatis a generalization and it’sgreat for a lifetime plan fordevelopment. In reality,however, a particular Fivemay actually need to focusmore on another strategygiven the specific demands

of his or her life. Learning to look at the Enneagramas if we really do have all nine strategies—and thatwe really do demonstrate traits of all nine of thetypes—allows us to plot a course for growth to fitthe reality of our experience rather than the mathe-matical structure of the model.

For additional information on the Sikora SPITM,see the ad on page 11, email [email protected], orvisit www.sikoraspi.com. •

Figure One: Sikora SPITM Strategy ProfileTM

Figure Two: Sikora SPITM Instinct ProfileTM

Preserving Navigating Transmitting

35 92 65

John Doe

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20

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100Preserving

NavigatingTransmitting

TM

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

71 61 85 50 72 59 56 98 56

John Doe

0

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1009

1

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45

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Peaceful

Perfect

Connected

Outstanding

Unique

Powerful

Excited

Secure

DetachedTM


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Re-Discover the Enneagram

The SikoraSPI™


return (or not) when he dies. Buddhists say all sen-tient beings have essence. In the Hindu concept ofBrahman, pure being or core essence is consciousnessand is beyond language, is manifest and is not mani-fest, has and doesn’t have qualities, is form and isformless, is mortal and is immortal. The core of whatwe are is not particular, yet we are each particularmanifestations of Brahman. The Self is Atman, theintrospective path, and there is only one.Hmmmm…..

Sometimes people refer to the moment just afterwe were born as the time when our essence was pure,before ego and personality began to blur it. I don’tbelieve I had quite become the essential "me" yet,however, until I and my genetic predispositions hadhad a chance to interact with the environment – espe-cially other humans. Doesn’t Jung’s "collective uncon-scious" depend partly on transmitting informationoverland from one to another, person to person? Wecan’t exist outside the womb without sustained nur-turing psychologically (as well as physically). I preferto place my essence at a point where I had begun tobe socialized, at a point that I can remember back to -if ever so fuzzily. Somewhere between 6 months oldand a year or so - maybe.

My interpretation of essence is that it’s both par-ticular/personal and universal/impersonal. I include athird element, which is dependent on time (as is thefirst), and on other humans for the socially transmit-table part. Looking back, I sense a continuous con-nection with myself and something outside of myself

fading back intomy earliest,murkiest memory.

Essence includes a measure of ego and personality,natural properties of being human, and as such can-not be separated from either the individual or theuniversal.

Carl Gustav Jung had the precious and uncannyability to hold that two opposites can both be true.

Okay, so essenceis personal, imper-sonal, and dependenton living on earthlong enough toreceive the minimumof humanness thatneeds to be deliveredin person. There’sone more way oflooking at essencethat is the mostimportant way tome, and that’s je nesais quoi. What Imean is, you seesomeone across acrowded room… yousee him smile. Rightaway, you sense either a genuine, lovely smile or aphony, putrid, and manipulative grin. You sense theessence of someone. (I’m putting this in crass, superfi-cial terms, but I think you know what I mean.) Orthink of a great actor’s ability to capture the "essence"of a character. A Beethoven string quartet has essence

and so do architecture and paintings. There’s an ele-ment of mystery in our experience of essence and thisje ne sais quoi is what most interests me. It’s a fasci-nating consideration because in incorporating imme-diacy, intuition, feeling, intelligence, and more, itinvolves some of our most exalted human qualities. Isthat an artist’s view as opposed to a spiritual viewbecause it puts humans first instead of the Universe?Not to me. I see the wonder of the Universe mirrored

in the perfection of art and what’s best in people,including our ability to appreciate one another’sessence in all its subtlety. The dark side of that is thatwe’re able to ferret out falsity with the same sixthsense that can make the most enormous mistakes injudgment.

Essence continued from page 1

AWARENESS TO ACTION: THE ENNEAGRAM, EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND CHANGE

with Mario Sikora

Loyola UniversityHussey Lounge in

Damen Hall on the Lake Shore Campus of

Loyola University, Chicago.

The cost is $100 for both days

This two-day seminar is based on Mario Sikora’sand Robert Tallon’s book Awareness to Action. Itaddresses practical ways to improve performance,focusing on a set of 16 emotional competencies(including communication, conflict management,leadership, resiliency). Mario’s model delivers a

practical path for development and change forindividuals and organizations that want clarity,efficiency, and observable results. You will findthis a unique approach to understanding the ninetypes and the instinctual subtypes, to identifyingtype, and to coaching yourself and others.

Sponsored by the First Analysis Institute of Integrative Studiesand the Institute of Pastoral Studies.

For brochure and info. call Jerome Wagner 847-492-1690 or [email protected]

Advanced registration is required, please mention the workshop’s name and send a check for $100 payable to:

First Analysis Institute of Integrative StudiesP.O. Box 06236 Chicago, IL 60606-0236

CHICAGO • Sat.& Sun. April 21–22,2007 • 9am – 4 pm

*The First Analysis Institute of Integrative Studies admitsstudents of any race, color, national or ethnic origin andsex to all the rights, privileges, programs, and activities

generally accorded or made available to students at theInstitute. The Institute does not discriminate on the basis ofrace, color, national or ethnic origin, sex or physical

handicap in the administration of its educational policies,admission policies, scholarship programs, and Institute-administered programs of any type.

One

The

Ref

orm

erT

wo

The

Hel

per

Thr

eeT

he A

chie

ver

Fou

rT

he I

ndiv

idua

list

Fiv

eT

he I

nves

tiga

tor

Six

The

Loy

alis

tSe

ven

The

Ent

husi

ast

Eig

htT

he C

hall

enge

rN

ine

The

Pea

cem

aker

1w9

The

Ide

alis

tT

he id

ealis

m o

f the

O

ne is

hei

ghte

ned

and

rein

forc

ed b

y th

eN

ine-

win

g. A

sen

se o

f di

stan

cing

, of b

eing

an

outs

ide

eval

uato

r. M

ore

cere

bral

and

rem

ote

than

oth

er v

aria

nt.

Hea

lthy

:U

nusu

ally

obje

ctiv

e an

d m

oder

-at

e. C

ivili

zed

in b

est

sens

e of

wor

d. K

ind

and

cons

ider

ate.

Ave

rage

: A

ctiv

ely

cam

paig

n fo

r th

eir

belie

fs—

thou

gh

som

ewha

t pes

sim

istic

th

at p

eopl

e w

ill li

sten

.M

ay b

e se

en a

s el

itist

. U

nhea

lthy

: R

esis

t se

eing

wha

t doe

s no

t fi t

thei

r wor

ld v

iew

.

2w1

The

Ser

vant

Em

path

y an

d in

terp

er-

sona

lism

of

the

Two

are

coun

terb

alan

ced

by r

estr

aint

/obj

ectiv

ityof

the

One

. Str

ive

for

love

thro

ugh

good

-ne

ss. S

ense

of

duty

. H

ealt

hy: F

eel a

se

riou

snes

s of

pur

pose

. St

rong

des

ire

to r

elie

vehu

man

suf

feri

ng. G

ood

Sam

arita

ns, w

illin

g to

take

than

kles

s ta

sks.

Ave

rage

: E

mpa

thy

mix

ed w

ith ju

dgem

ent.

Dif

fi cul

ty s

ayin

g no

to

peop

le. F

eel o

blig

ated

to

str

uggl

e ag

ains

t the

ir

“sel

fi sh”

feel

ings

.U

nhea

lthy:

Sel

f-ri

gh-

teou

s, in

fl exi

ble,

mor

al-

istic

. Hyp

ocho

ndri

a.

3w2

The

Sta

rE

xtra

ordi

nary

soc

ial

skill

s an

d en

joy

bein

gth

e ce

nter

of a

ttent

ion.

Pr

ide

them

selv

es in

ch

arm

, hum

or, a

nd a

t-tr

activ

enes

s. In

tere

st in

in

terp

erso

nal c

onta

ct.

Hea

lthy

: Mor

e ou

t-w

ardl

y em

otio

nal a

nd

spon

tane

ous

than

oth

er

subt

ype.

Res

pons

ive

to

need

s o

f ot

hers

. Per

ky

and

viva

ciou

s.

Ave

rage

: K

now

how

to

“tu

rn it

on”

whe

n th

ey n

eed

to im

pres

s so

meo

ne. C

are

a gr

eat

deal

abo

ut w

hat o

ther

sth

ink

of th

em.

Unh

ealt

hy:

Man

ipu-

lativ

e an

d “e

ntitl

ed,”

ap

petit

e fo

r re

veng

e.

4w3

The

Ari

stoc

rat

Four

and

Thr

ee tr

aits

pr

oduc

e a

subt

ype

whi

ch is

em

otio

nally

vo

latil

e an

d co

ntra

-di

ctor

y. B

oth

type

sar

e co

ncer

ned

with

se

lf-i

mag

e. C

ombi

ned

trai

ts o

ffse

t wea

knes

ses.

H

ealth

y: C

ombi

ne

crea

tivity

and

am

bi-

tion.

Fee

l the

nee

d to

com

mun

icat

e to

a

part

icul

ar a

udie

nce.

A

dapt

able

, hum

orou

s.

Ave

rage

: A

ble

to

conc

eal r

eal e

mot

iona

lco

nditi

on m

ore

than

ot

her

vari

ant.

Nee

d fo

r at

tent

ion

and

adm

ira-

tion

mot

ivat

es a

ctio

n.U

nhea

lthy

: Se

lf-c

on-

tem

pt, a

liena

ted.

5w4

The

Ico

nocl

ast

The

trai

ts o

f th

e Fi

ve

and

Four

rei

nfor

ceea

ch. B

oth

are

with

-dr

awn.

Bot

h fe

elso

met

hing

ess

entia

lin

them

selv

es m

ust

be f

ound

bef

ore

they

ca

n liv

e co

mpl

etel

y.

Hea

lthy

: U

nion

of

intu

ition

and

kno

w-

ledg

e, s

ensi

tivity

and

insi

ght.

Mor

e sy

n-th

etic

in th

inki

ng th

anot

her

vari

ant.

Ave

rage

: C

reat

ive,

imag

inat

ive.

Em

o-tio

nal d

epth

cau

ses

diffi

cul

ties

in s

us-

tain

ing

effo

rts

and

wor

king

with

oth

ers.

U

nhea

lthy

: M

ix o

f en

vy a

nd c

onte

mpt

.

6w5

The

Def

ende

rT

he S

ix a

nd F

ive

trai

tsar

e in

som

e co

nfl ic

t.Se

es s

elf

as fi

ghtin

g fo

r th

e un

derd

og. S

eri-

ous,

sel

f-co

ntro

lled,

an

d co

mm

itted

. Can

be o

utsp

oken

. H

ealt

hy:

Com

bine

ca-

paci

ty f

or o

rgan

izat

ion

with

cur

iosi

ty. S

tron

g in

telle

ctua

l str

eak.

Prac

tical

pro

blem

-so

lver

s.

Ave

rage

: M

ore

inde

pend

ent t

han

othe

r su

btyp

e–le

ss

likel

y to

see

k ad

vice

. D

etac

hed,

cer

ebra

l,an

d pe

ssim

istic

. Fea

r co

nspi

racy

. U

nhea

lthy

: G

row

ing

isol

atio

n, p

aran

oid.

7w6

The

Ent

erta

iner

Atte

mpt

to fi

nd s

atis

-fa

ctio

n fo

r th

emse

lves

,w

hile

look

ing

to o

ther

s fo

r ad

ditio

nal s

ourc

es

of s

timul

atio

n. M

ost

greg

ario

us a

nd o

ut-

goin

g of

all

subt

ypes

. H

ealt

hy:

Hig

hly

prod

uctiv

e w

ith a

n in

-fe

ctio

us jo

ie d

e vi

vre.

N

otic

eabl

y en

gagi

ng,

play

ful,

child

like.

Po

sitiv

e ou

tlook

. A

vera

ge:

Witt

y an

d fa

st ta

lkin

g.Te

nd to

lose

foc

us a

nd b

ecom

e sc

atte

red.

Can

app

ear

nerv

ous

and

fi dge

ty.

Tro

uble

with

fol

low

-th

roug

h. I

mpu

lsiv

e.

Unh

ealt

hy:

Man

ic.

Acu

te in

feri

ority

.

8w7

The

Ind

epen

dent

A v

ery

aggr

essi

ve s

ub-

type

. Blu

nt, r

ealis

tic,

and

extr

over

ted.

Con

-si

sten

t in

self

-pre

sen-

tatio

n—sa

me

at w

ork

as a

t hom

e. C

ut to

the

chas

e, n

o-no

nsen

se.

Hea

lthy

: A

ctio

n-

orie

nted

, ext

rem

ely

ener

getic

. Com

bine

a

quic

k m

ind

with

vi

sion

for

pra

ctic

alpo

ssib

ilitie

s. C

onfi -

dent

ly ta

ke in

itiat

ive.

Ave

rage

: In

ter-

este

d in

pow

er a

nd

expe

rien

ce. A

str

ong

busi

ness

sen

se. M

ay

use

thei

r re

sour

ces

to m

anip

ulat

e ot

hers

.U

nhea

lthy

: R

uthl

ess

and

impu

lsiv

e.

9w8

The

Ref

eree

A d

iffi c

ult s

ubty

pe to

un

ders

tand

bec

ause

N

ine

and

Eig

ht a

re in

su

ch d

iam

etri

cal o

ppo-

sitio

n. T

end

to o

pera

tem

ore

on in

stin

cts

and

hunc

hes.

H

ealt

hy: C

ombi

ne

stre

ngth

with

goo

d na

ture

, sen

sual

ity w

ithpo

wer

. May

hav

e nu

-m

erou

s sk

ills,

tend

not

to

pro

mot

e th

emse

lves

. A

vera

ge:

Com

-pa

rtm

enta

lize

thei

r em

otio

ns. C

ompl

a-ce

nt in

som

e ar

eas

of

life—

com

petit

ive

inot

hers

. Stu

bbor

n an

d de

fens

ive.

U

nhea

lthy

: St

rong

ag

gres

sion

s. N

o af

fect

.

1w2

The

Adv

ocat

eB

oth

One

and

Tw

o st

rive

to c

ompl

yw

ith th

e di

ctat

es o

f th

e su

pere

go—

to

be “

good

.” W

arm

thas

wel

l as

focu

s on

pe

ople

.Mor

e fi e

ry

and

actio

n-or

ient

ed

than

oth

er v

aria

nt.

Hea

lthy

:M

ix to

ler-

ance

with

com

pass

ion,

in

tegr

ity w

ith c

once

rn

for

othe

rs. W

illin

g to

ge

t int

o th

e tr

ench

es to

brin

g ab

out c

hang

e.A

vera

ge: W

ell-

inte

n-tio

ned

and

seek

to

educ

ate

othe

rs. I

n-vo

lved

in p

ublic

cau

ses

and

refo

rms.

Ten

denc

yto

per

fect

ioni

sm.

Unh

ealt

hy:

Into

lera

nt

and

cond

esce

ndin

g.

2w3

The

Hos

t/Hos

tess

Bot

h Tw

o an

d T

hree

re

late

eas

ily to

peo

ple.

Seek

love

thro

ugh

the

crea

tion

of in

timac

yan

d pe

rson

al c

onne

c-tio

n. M

ore

“sed

uctiv

e”th

an o

ther

var

iant

. E

mpl

oy c

harm

to w

inaf

fect

ion

of o

ther

s.

Hea

lthy

: Sel

f-as

sure

d,

aura

of

wel

l-be

ing.

Free

-spi

rite

d. E

njoy

be

stow

ing

wha

teve

r ta

lent

s th

ey p

osse

ss o

n fr

iend

s an

d fa

mily

.A

vera

ge: W

ant t

o pr

ojec

t an

imag

e of

out

-st

andi

ng w

arm

th a

nd

frie

ndlin

ess.

May

hav

e ex

cess

ive

frie

ndlin

ess.

U

nhea

lthy:

Man

ipul

a-tiv

e an

d ex

ploi

tativ

e.H

ostil

ity a

ll co

nsum

ing.

3w4

The

Pro

fess

iona

lA

com

plex

sub

type

w

hose

trai

ts o

ften

co

nfl ic

t. M

ore

focu

s on

wor

k, a

chie

vem

ent,

and

reco

gniti

on. C

an b

e m

ore

emot

iona

lly v

ul-

nera

ble.

Can

be

quie

t, ra

ther

pri

vate

, and

hav

e ar

tistic

inte

rest

s.H

ealt

hy:

Intu

ition

di-

rect

ed to

sel

f an

d ot

h-er

s. W

ant t

heir

wor

k to

be

outs

tand

ing

and

will

put

gre

at e

nerg

ies

into

end

eavo

rs.

Ave

rage

: M

ay f

eel

they

are

put

ting

entir

ese

lf-w

orth

on

line

with

ev

ery

proj

ect.

Unh

ealt

hy: A

ltern

ate

wild

ly b

etw

een

ego-

in-

fl atio

n an

d se

lf-d

oubt

. G

rand

iose

fan

tasi

es.

4w5

The

Boh

emia

nT

raits

of

Four

and

Fi

ve r

einf

orce

eac

h ot

her—

both

are

w

ithdr

awn.

Mar

kedl

y m

ore

obse

rvan

t of

envi

ronm

ent,

part

icu-

larl

y of

oth

er p

eopl

e,

than

oth

er v

aria

nt.

Hea

lthy

: E

xtre

mel

ycr

eativ

e. C

ombi

neem

otio

nalit

y an

d in

tros

pect

ion

with

perc

eptiv

enes

s an

d or

igin

ality

. Enj

oy th

e pr

oces

s of

cre

ativ

ity.

Ave

rage

: G

iven

to

philo

soph

ical

and

re

ligio

us s

pecu

latio

n.Te

nd to

be

lone

rs.

Unc

onve

ntio

nal.

Unh

ealt

hy:

Go

inci

rcle

s po

nder

ing

a

terr

ifyi

ng in

ner

wor

ld.

5w6

The

Pro

blem

- S

ubty

pe m

ost

ofte

n as

soci

ated

with

Fi

ves—

an in

telle

ctua

lin

tere

sted

in s

cien

ce,

tech

nolo

gy, a

cqui

ring

fa

cts,

etc

. The

ana

lyst

s an

d ca

talo

guer

s of

th

eir

envi

ronm

ents

. H

ealt

hy:

Obs

erve

the

wor

ld w

ith g

reat

cla

r-ity

. Gif

t for

dra

win

g m

eani

ngfu

l con

clu-

sion

s fr

om v

ario

us

fact

s an

d m

akin

g pr

edic

tions

. Coo

pera

-tiv

e an

d di

scip

lined

.A

vera

ge:

Tota

lly

wra

pped

in in

telle

ctua

l pu

rsui

ts. C

an b

e re

bel-

lious

and

arg

umen

ta-

tive.

Pri

vate

.U

nhea

lthy

: S

uspi

-ci

ous,

con

tent

ious

.

6w7

The

Bud

dyA

ffab

le, s

uppo

rtiv

e,

and

stro

ngly

iden

ti-fi e

d w

ith o

ther

s. M

ore

eage

r to

be

liked

than

ot

her

vari

ant.

Mon

itor

reac

tions

of

othe

rs f

or

acce

ptab

le b

ehav

ior.

Soci

able

and

inte

rest

-ed

in a

goo

d tim

e.H

ealt

hy:

Bro

ad a

reas

of

inte

rest

. Man

y at

-tr

acte

d to

per

form

ing

arts

. Sel

f-de

prac

atin

g.

Play

ful a

nd f

unny

. Z

est f

or e

xper

ienc

e.A

vera

ge:

Har

dwor

k-in

g an

d lo

yal.

Prob

-le

ms

with

pro

cras

tina-

tion

and

initi

atio

n.Se

ek r

eass

uran

ce.

Unh

ealt

hy:

Bec

ome

depe

nden

t. St

uck

in

abus

ive

situ

atio

ns.

7w8

The

Rea

list

The

com

bina

tion

of S

even

and

Eig

ht

prod

uce

an a

ggre

ssiv

e su

btyp

e. E

xtre

mel

y as

sert

ive

and

indu

stri

-ou

s. M

ore

goal

-or

ient

ed, p

ragm

atic

,an

d am

bitio

us th

an

othe

r va

rian

t. H

ealt

hy:

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Tom Isham: In the previous conversation, CarlMarsak said the enneagram adds “real juice” to otherdisciplines, especially to those which are “stale, over-ly pedantic and disembodied.” So it does. For itfunctions (in his words) like “an alchemical agent,catalyst or seed crystal, to energize and uplift.” I likethe alchemical language, which captures the dynam-ic, process-oriented nature of the enneagram.Gurdjieff called the enneagram a “philosopher’sstone” after the mysterious substance the alchemistsused to transmute lead into gold. Metaphorically,the enneagram does a similar “work,” as it trans-mutes the dross of ego into the essence of spirit.

In doing so, it does not substitute itself for thegreat religions and spiritual traditions. Like alchemy,it mediates between matter and spirit. It urges reli-gions or spiritual traditions to rediscover and fulfilltheir essential tasks of rebinding heaven and earth(“rebinding” or re-ligare is a root meaning of reli-gion). When dogmas and orthodoxies become rigidand lifeless, the alchemical project revives them byadding “real juice” to their otherwise uninspiringpresentations. I speak of “spiritual alchemy,” ofcourse. I don’t have furnaces, retorts, crucibles, andlike pieces of gold-making equipment in the base-ment. As a form of spiritual alchemy, the enneagramis ideally fitted to revive dead traditions by linkingspiritual realities with psychic and physical realities.Thus it helps us make sense of ourselves, of others,and of the nature of process in general.

I was also struck by the notion of “wearingenneatype lightly,” mentioned by Susan Rhodes andothers. It reminded me of G. K. Chesterton’s remarkthat it is “easy to be heavy: hard to be light. Satanfell by the force of gravity.” Indeed, pride and levityare opponents. It’s easy to be grave; simple to be sad;natural to take ourselves too seriously. Hell draws usdown, heaven lifts us up. It’s easy to write an editori-al, hard to write a joke. If worn “lightly,” the ennea-gram allows us to laugh at our faults and foibles.

Finally, I was intrigued by Jack Labanauskas’assertions that “limitations co-exist quite nicely withtremendous talent” and that many of “the greats inany field have some affliction or other.” I thinkthere is valuable truth in these assertions, and per-haps a further reason for “lightening up” our use ofthe enneagram and not striving so hard to“improve” ourselves. (I speak as a One to myself.) Irecall the Greeks had a god by the name ofHephaestus, associated with fire and forge.Hephaestus was born lame and remained so, a con-dition that limited him to spending much of histime tinkering and building in his workshop, wherehe fashioned a variety of wonderful things, rangingfrom Achilles’ armor to brazen bulls. While healthierspecimens of the race were waging wars and chasingfemales, Hephaestus polished his skills and sur-passed all other craftsmen. In the same way (as Jacksuggests), special skills may develop in an individualto compensate for the presence of a defect. In asense, our enneatype is both a defect and an oppor-tunity, a weakness and a strength. One’s “wounds”are an integral part of one’s self. They have a pur-pose only they can serve. Like a “providential dise-

quilibrium” placed amidst the circumstances of life,they are capable of bringing forth special gifts to theworld.

Kirby Olson: I really enjoyed last month’s con-versation and thanks to Jack for whatever he did tomake it flow better. It did flow better, as if we arehaving a real integrated conversation. I’m getting toknow the different participants and so it’s easier tofollow personalities, too. I wanted to thank all andto take up Carl Marsak’s points. He argues that theenneagram has much to bring to fields such as femi-nism and cultural studies (as well as other academicdisciplines). Since that is more or less where I work,and what I would like to achieve, I would like topoint out some of the obstacles that lie ahead interms of that potential achievement based upon per-sonal experience.

Helen Palmer mentions in her audiotape series tothe enneagram that while we think that academia isthe province of the 5, it is actually the province ofthe 6. Although of course this doesn’t mean that only6s can be found in academia, but it means that 6 isthe way things work because for whatever reasonmost academics are sixes or have some strong link tosix. There is paranoia, worst-case scenario thinking, aneed for grounding, and all the other problems ofsix. Most importantly, sixes are skeptics and theyrequire a high level of proof. And this is going to be ahuge hurtle for the enneagram to jump. Proof isn’tpossible in personality theory. In the humanities wecan still make strong cases without scientific rigor(nothing in the humanities can be proved because weare dealing with values, rather than facts).

As a five who is more or less behind enemy linesin six turf (I have tenure at a branch of the StateUniversity of New York) I have tried (rather unsuc-cessfully) to move academia toward five. Most of myprofession (English) is mired in the work of Marxand Marxists. Marx is clearly a six, dividing theworld into two armed camps, and fraught with allkinds of negative suspicion toward the other camp.Probably something like 99% of the articles comingout in the top journals use Marx or Marxists asphilosophical grounding for their insights. Feminismin the academy is Marxist-feminist. It was brieflyJungian-feminist in the 1970s and early 1980s butthe Marxists drove out the Jungians by the mid-80sas navel-gazers and at this point to cite Jung wouldmean that your article was not accepted or if it was itwould not be taken seriously. Cultural studies today,coming as it does out of the work of Marxists such asWalter Benjamin and the earlier work of Julia

Kristeva (she was an ardent Maoist in the 70s wholearned Chinese in order to translate Mao’s poetryinto French) could use a heavy dose of five. But it’svery hard to change people’s basic orientation. Unlessyou have the sense of us vs. them that sixes generallyhave, and unless your “us” is based on race, genderand class, it’s very hard to get very far in this profes-sion. You might as well try to get the leadership ofNorth Korea to use the enneagram.

Nevertheless, there is a tiny five minority in acad-emia. I know about a dozen or so (I have discoveredsince learning the enneagram that all my closefriends are fives or fours). In these cases (fives), I canalways get them to look at the enneagram and totype themselves (the open mindedness of fives).However, fives tend not to gravitate toward leader-ship roles, and end up as marginals inside academia.They don’t run journals or chair departments, andwill rarely if ever stand up to sixes. They let sixes runthe basic department and act as freeloaders insidedepartments, focusing on their own research ratherthan service to students or to the college. There arevery few eights in academia, but the few I have iden-tified do end up running departments (for some rea-son they are usually Miltonists). I can’t deal withthem well, or with sixes. It’s only recently and thanksto the enneagram that I’ve even begun to understandthem. I can deal easily with fives, fours, and sevens,but most of the other numbers I don’t really knowhow to manipulate. And with sixes, I have an impos-sible time. They won’t even think about anythingexcept Marx. Gurdjieff said that anyone who won’tthink about the fourth way is a lost cause, so don’tbother. This led to a closed and elite group. If wewish to open the enneagram to use by the largercommunity, and we wish to open academia towardsit in order to use its authority, we will have to dealwith the closed six mentality. Michael Goldberg saysin Travels with Odysseus that this is impossible. Hecompares the six world to that of the Laestrygonianswho were the giants that blindly attack Odysseus’ships and sink ten of the eleven. When you are inLaestrygonia, Goldberg writes,

“The world seems dangerous, the truth is hiddenand appearances are suspect. People are divided intoenemies and allies. It is us against them... reality looksblack and white, with no shades of gray. ...You are notaffirmed for who you really are: your honorableness,your good intent, your kind heart... TheLaestrygonians cannot be conquered or eradicated, orconvinced that they are wrong... See the truth of theirposition... and then move on” (66). Goldberg goes onto write, “Laestrygonians feel compelled to mount adevastating, pre-emptive attack. They don’t know howto evaluate potential problems, so they destroy every-thing in sight. They overestimate the enemy” (67).

I originally went into academia, I now see, tochange it over to fiveness. I had thought this field isway too paranoid. We need to read Kant and Lockeand Hobbes, rather than Marx. I wanted analysis ofbeauty (five with four-wing) but they want politicalreadings of literature. Two decades on, the ennea-gram has helped me to realize the enormity of theproblem I had before me. I had actually > > >

The Conversation # 19Tom Isham

Jack Labanauskas

Susan Rhodes

Mario Sikora

Kirby Olson


thought this would be easy to infiltrate theLaestrygonians and restore a sense of humor and bal-ance and to remind them that literature is first aboutbeauty. I did have three books published at universitypresses, but I can say with assurance that I haven’tchanged in the slightest the basic paranoid nature ofEnglish studies. Anyone who wants to take on acade-mic feminism or Cultural Studies had better be pre-pared for failure. There is a very special language inacademia, as well as a well-policed hierarchy.Outsiders are not even able to get published in mostjournals, or permitted to speak on campuses. If youdon’t share the basic presuppositions and language ofLaestrygonia (race, gender, class) then you won’t beheard. If we want to switch Cultural Studies fromthinking about the binary of white and not-white tothinking instead about nine different types withinthe races, or if we want to get feminists to realize thatwomen and men are nine different types rather thantwo (women good, men bad), then all I can say isyou had better have a good plan and a lot ofpatience. It’s not just deep in the institutional bones,it’s also deep in the personality of those guarding ouracademic institutions. Outside of academia theremay be feminist 8s like Andrea Dworkin. Inside,you’re going to meet a much more intellectually for-midable foe, and it is one that is reinforced by thegroupthink of hundreds of thousands of suchwomen who interlock and reinforce one another’sideas. Just try and get Hannah Arendt — a five —into a conversation. She’s immediately ruled out ofcourt as not being Marxist enough. She is a woman,so she won’t be attacked, but she is not Marxist.

Unless someone can come up with a new way totranquillize sixes and de-program their basic Marxistparadigm we are dealing with a powerful set ofgiants with paranoid minds. Think of theLaestrygonians. How would you get them tochange? Goldberg offers one basic rule, which is toassure them that you’re on their side. So if someonewanted to argue that race, gender and class could beBETTER understood or advanced with the ennea-gram someone inside might listen. I haven’t givenup yet, but I admit that this project which manyhave articulated (Jerry Wagner has indicated that hetoo would like to see more academic publications onthe enneagram) will require strategizing at a grouplevel. It will require a coordinated plan. It will alsorequire minority women to make the effort. Theyhave more standing than anyone else in academia. Itis possible that they would be heard. As a whiteman, I am immediately suspect. Do we have anytough minority women on staff? They hold the keysto the city of academia. Ken Wilber, I believe, is alost cause on account of skin-color and gender. Hemight make it at an odd and Buddhist institutionlike Naropa Institute, but he’d be dead meat at mostof our state universities. If someone could get in andchange the very soul of the American academy itwould be a great thing. But it won’t be easy as Jackgoing up the beanstalk to get the gold and the harp.That’s what I had originally thought. No, this is adifferent story altogether — this is an odyssey inwhich the Laestrygonians sit down and learn aboutthemselves. Does anybody have any ideas how to getthem motivated?

Jack Labanauskas: Kirby, I feel your pain. Yin-Yang polarity is alive and well in academia too—thebigger the front, the bigger the back. Just as inmedieval times it was the Catholic Church, the rep-resentatives of “Godliness,” selling absolution to sin,today it’s academia (with the possible exception ofthe hard sciences) and the MSM (main streammedia), our representatives of “learning & informa-tion” that demand politically correct orthodoxy.

Orwell was right and we now have “newspeak.”Just consider how many of the most unfree coun-tries call themselves “democratic;” or, how manyrepressive organizations whose policies are aimed attaking your freedoms away use “liberty, rights,release, choice, preference or alternative” in theirname.

It’s a mystery to me how for decades it has elud-ed so many in academia that millions and millionsare fleeing various Marxist workers’ paradises andseeking betterment under evil corporations in capi-talist free market economies. The trend in academiaof fawning over Marxism goes beyond connection totype Six and probably has to do with a misplacedtipping point where energy and focus shift betweenjustice and compassion in inappropriate ways.

Susan Rhodes: Kirby, I’m sympathetic to yourplight. Political correctness on campus is a big prob-lem for independent thinkers. It’s so ingrained insome departments that it can be almost impossibleto engage in any sort of constructive dialogue thatcrosses political lines.

I wouldn’t have believed the scope of the prob-lem, except that I happened to sign up for severalcourses in discourse analysis during graduate school.Because I was teaching scientific writing at the time,I was literally treated as “the enemy” by the Englishgraduate students in the class. Taking courses insuch an atmosphere was at times almost unbearable.My hat is off to you for continuing to work in anenvironment that is so hostile to free thought.

So I would have to agree with you that Marxismis alive and well and living very comfortably in theEnglish departments across the land. However, Idon’t know whether I would characterize the cultureof an English faculty as specifically paranoid orSixish.

I do see your point, though. I see a lot of angryrhetoric and radical ideas coming out of Englishdepartments nowadays. But I always figured this wasbecause Humanities departments in general andEnglish departments in particular (and before them,Departments of Rhetoric) have been steadily losingacademic status since the time of theEnlightenment, when science began its hegemonicrise to power. English just doesn’t have the place ofhonor it once did, and I believe this is why itbecame ripe for radicalization during the upheavalsof the early 1970s.

But is this all that’s going on? I think the prob-lem deserves a deeper look. You certainly offer us aheart-felt example of your experience as someone ina minority position whose voice has been silenced.You also give us an instructive example at how val-ues can radically shift away from the mainstreamright under our noses without most of us even real-izing what’s happening.

What creates this radicalization? What can we doto address it? We know the enneagram to be a pow-erful tool for facilitating understanding. How canwe use it to break down barriers and build bridgesbetween people with diverse ideologies?

Tom Isham:…in regard to Kirby Olson’s plaintconcerning academia, I can only say: It’s worse thanI feared, at least in departments of English. Howamazing it is: the ivory tower, sacred space of freeand open debate, captive to Marxist-Feminist politi-cal correctness and closed to the threat of anyonewith the temerity to utter an original idea, always adangerous enemy to the ideologically hidebound.

Kirby Olson: Thanks to Tom, Susan, Jack andothers for responding to my post in regards to theperceived difficulty of infiltrating academia. I did atleast get through the door, have tenure, and severalbooks to my credit. So I wasn’t completely silenced.And I have a lot of academic friends, most of whomprivately agree with my complaints. To say anythingagainst it in public gets you in hot water of the kindexperienced by Larry Summers at Harvard, so mostwon’t do that. With tenure you can’t be fired, butyou can have your better classes taken away, and youmight end up teaching a full slate of EnglishComposition classes. This actually does happen tothe unwary. And you can be passed over for yearswhen the raises are passed out. At any rate, I amhappy to get feedback from many of you to theeffect that my thinking isn’t just completely insaneparanoia which I sometimes feel that it is.

My own response to the heaviness of politicalindoctrination and to the seriousness of leftist acade-mia has been to focus on humor theory and humorstudy. All my publications have been in that area, andI am the editor of To Wit: Official Newsletter of theAmerican Humor Studies Association. It comes outtwice a year and is something like a gnat in the face ofa charging rhinoceros. Or so I’d like to think it hasthat much influence! (On a side note, I notice thatKen Wilber has a few pages on humor that are terrif-ic.)

The enneagram never promised us an overnightutopia. Gurdjieff and his disciples gave up on soci-ety and formed a school within a school. Perhapsthat’s the right direction. The enneagram does (tomy mind) help to provide a map of what’s happenedin English departments, and explains it to someextent to me so that I can get my bearings. TakingEnglish back from the Marxists is not going to be aseasy as Frodo taking the ring to Mordor. He hadclear marching orders. We don’t. Perhaps JudithSearle’s book The Literary Enneagram is the begin-ning of a renaissance for using the enneagram tounderstand literature. I teach the book in myIntroduction to Literature class. That’s a modestbeginning, and as the Maoists say, a journey of athousand miles has to begin with a single step.

Perhaps moreover there are other areas of acade-mic specialization such as philosophy, psychology,etc., that would be more open to the enneagram. Iwould think that Claudio Naranjo (if he felt like it)could do a lot of good in getting himself invited totalk at universities around the nation. He hasadvanced degrees and has the right ethnic back-ground. I don’t know if this symbol will > > >


ever attain critical mass within higher levels ofAmerican academic culture. The sixness seems tonot want to break into nine, but to remain fixed atthe level of two. What other institutions might getinterested that might be more interested in explor-ing diversity? Are there any television talkshowswhere higher-level members could talk, or even get aspecial about it on PBS, etc.?

Jack Labanauskas: Kirby, there have been severalspecials on PBS already with Helen Palmer talkingabout the tapes produced with David Daniels (ifmemory serves me). You may have a chance on talkradio with someone like Dennis Prager who oftenhas guests on similar subjects for an hour at a time.

* * *(Mario’s response below is addressing several of Jack

Labanauskas’ and Susan Rhodes’ comments onIntelligent Design in previous issues questioning thevalidity of Darwinian theories and the implied intel-lectual superiority of secularism.)

Mario Sikora: Okay, Jack, I’ll take your bait. Butfirst I must ask, do you refer to those who believethat the earth revolves around the sun as“Copernicans” and those who believe that it is gravi-ty that causes an apple to fall to the ground as“Newtonians?” Among all but a handful of fringeand discredited polemicists, Darwinian evolution—random mutation and natural selection—is as easilyaccepted as heliocentrism and gravity. It is not a “the-ory” in the sense of an untested idea or crackpotopinion, it is a “theory” in the scientific sense of “theanalysis of a set of facts in their relation to oneanother” (Merriam Webster).

Though not a trained scientist, for the sake of ourdiscussion I will wear the mantle of “Darwinian”(and, yes, a “Copernican” and a “Newtonian,” and ifbelieving that the earth is round makes me a“Columbian,” I’ll wear that one too). Of courseDarwinians believe that personality—and everythingelse, for that matter—“develops according to a set oflaws of the universe.” We embrace set laws—lawssuch as natural selection.

To your comment about the possibility that “per-sonality may not only have a purpose intelligentlydesigned to fit a greater scheme,” you’ll have to do alittle bit better before a Darwinian would offer com-ment. Namely, you’ll need to establish a testablehypothesis: define “personality” as it’s used here,define “the purpose,” define “intelligently designed,”and, finally, identify the implied “designer.” Untilthen, the rest is mere conjecture and we Darwiniansmust occupy ourselves with more concrete things.

Jack Labanauskas: Mario, it’s a tall order you askof me to: “…establish a testable hypothesis: define“personality” as it’s used here, define “the purpose,”define “intelligently designed,” and, finally, identifythe implied “designer.”

I can do no such thing, nor am I aware of anyoneelse who can. My point is that, on the opposing side,one that you prefer, the scientific community couldeventually admit the possibility of intelligent design.They could do that for no other reason than theadvance of science itself, which almost every day

uncovers new intricacies in nature, fresh reasons forrecognizing the design inherent in life and the uni-verse, even as they continue gathering affirmativeevidence in support of evolutionary theories. Onedoes not exclude the other.

It does not seem a less reasonable leap of faith,based on the observation in ordinary life, that mostexplanations invoke chance, necessity, or design tocover every eventuality. For some reason, in the nat-ural sciences one of these modes of explanation isconsidered superfluous—namely, design, which bydefinition requires an intelligent agent.

You can argue that science should not be requiredto detect an intelligent agent by the process of elimi-nation and that positive evidence is a must—whichis fine, but what is the scientific explanation for thecause, not to mention the Big Bang itself?

The Big Bang theory indicates that our universehad a beginning. It just as soon allows for the existenceof a Creator as any other explanation. You can throwthis right back at me and ask who created the Creator,or If the universe had always existed, there would nothave been a need for someone to create it. Six of one,half a dozen of the other. I believe that aficionados ofscience and of Intelligent Design are equally mystifiedby these questions and will debate into the foreseeablefuture that a Creator does or does not exist.

I’m OK with that and all the other paradoxes Ihave no explanation for, including the mystery ofthe Enneagram and type. I suppose that I take theclaims of science with the same grain of salt as theexplanations of life by saints or scriptures. No, I takeit back, I trust scientists less, because if secular, theywould appear to have less incentive to abide bymoral or ethical values. Whereas illuminated sageswho authored some of our cherished scriptures aremore believable because they are less likely to havebeen motivated by pedestrian ego gains. Why wouldsomeone who appears to radiate with bliss con-sciousness fabricate tales; that would be like lightinga candle in full sunlight. Furthermore, how couldindependent individuals living in different cultures,religions and ages generally report similar experi-ences?

Mario Sikora: Susan, you are correct to write,“Darwinism seems less useful for talking about the pur-pose of that survival.” Darwinism is only concernedwith the mechanisms of survival. A comment on ter-minology is in order: I use the term “Darwinism” toinclude “neo-Darwinism,” which is Darwin plus genet-ics. (Darwin lived before Mendell, let alone Crick andWatson, and did not have any knowledge of genes—the mechanism that carried out the phenomena heobserved in nature. Were he alive today he would cer-tainly be a neo-Darwinian.) When it comes to themechanisms of evolution, the word “purpose” is onlyused as a metaphor to make the concepts understand-able. That said, Darwinism is only concerned aboutthe purpose of genes (i.e., what survival advantage theyconfer on their carrier). As to the purpose of humansurvival (if by which we mean some sort of metaphysi-cal purpose), that is simply not a question that can beanswered through science, so Darwinians—thoughthey might have some conjecture on the matter—would not frame it in Darwinian terms. It would belike talking about cars in terms of clouds—they simply

have nothing to do with each other.You are also correct to say that “both nature and

nurture” matter, Susan. Our environment affects theexpression of our genes. Certain events in our envi-ronment cause certain genes to activate and others tostay dormant. Phenotypic development is the resultof the interaction of genes and environment, ornature and nurture. The best description of thisprocess I’ve come across is Matt Ridley’s book “TheAgile Gene,” which was originally published as“Nature via Nurture.”

Since evolution and Ken Wilber are the discus-sions of the day, I will add another comment follow-ing this caveat: I admire Susan’s scholarship demon-strated in her articles in the last few issues. I am notversed in Wilber, though I seem to own most of hisbooks. I don’t read them, however, because, well,they’re just too complicated for my taste. But I didtry to read “A Brief History of Everything “ someyears ago and was stopped cold on pages 22 and 23when he discusses Darwinian evolution. Whatevervalue Wilber’s work has—I’m sure it has much—Iurge the reader to dismiss this section of his book.Frankly, his assertion that “absolutely nobodybelieves” the neo-Darwinian explanation of naturalselection, is absurdly wrong. So fundamentallywrong on an issue for which the right answer is soeasily available, that it makes me question his agen-da. Further, his “half-wing” discussion, I’m afraid tosay, does not even qualify as sophomoric. Briefly, he“rebuts” the “standard notion that wings simplyevolved from forelegs.” In fact, he seems incredulousthat anyone could believe such a thing (despite thefact that every credible evolutionary biologist does).He describes how such an evolution would have tohappen immediately, because after all, what good ishalf a wing? Wilber must not have read, well, say,any decent high school biology text book, or RichardDawkins’ “The Blind Watchmaker,” or Stephen JayGould’s “The Panda’s Thumb,” or … (the list goeson) or he would have known that this half-wing (orhalf-eye or half-anything else) question has beenasked and answered countless times, including byDarwin himself. (Dawkins’ amusing answer to “whatgood is half a wing?” is “One percent better than49% of a wing, which is one percent better than48% of a wing…”) Of course, one could also ask apenguin—which is one of the transitional, foreleg-to-wing creatures that Wilber says have never exist-ed—the value of half a wing.

It’s all very disappointing from such an obviouslybrilliant man….

Tom Isham: Mario, I’m sorry, but I have to agreewith the critics of Darwin on the following: Whatgood, after all, is half-a-wing? Or a forty-nine per-cent wing? Or a twenty-five percent wing? Or a tenpercent wing? What was the point of an animalevolving wings “early on” when those wings wereunable to provide any advantage for endless agesuntil nature had “selected” certain gradually improv-ing wings for some future advantage? Call me a“flat-earther” but I don’t get it.

Mario Sikora: Speaking of a flat earth, Tom, theexplanation of the evolution of the wing is readilyavailable in the books I previously men- > > >


tioned, and perhaps even more thoroughly inDawkins’ “Climbing Mount Improbable.” It’s a lit-tle too complicated to go into here and the readerwould probably find the explanations of the profes-sionals more enlightening than my retelling.Evolution by random mutation and natural selec-tion seems improbable to us humans because wecan’t comprehend the vast time and enormous num-ber of micro-mutations involved. Explanations arereadily available, however, and I encourage the curi-ous reader to refer to these books or others I referredto in my article in last month’s EM, “To Be-lieve ornot to Be-lieve.” These pages don’t seem to be theappropriate place to get side-tracked into a discus-sion of fundamental biological principles except asto how they affect personality, but I’m happy to dis-cuss the topic off-line with anyone who is interested.I can be reached at [email protected].

Jack, we have to be careful about conflatingissues here. There is a difference between “first-cause” arguments and “design” arguments. First-cause arguments (“What existed before the BigBang?” “Why is there something rather than noth-ing?” etc.) are currently the domain of philosophyrather than science. Design arguments (“What arethe mechanisms behind evolution?” “Is life designedor does it merely have the appearance of design?”“Are there evolutionary developments that cannot beexplained naturally?” etc.) are arguments of identifi-able fact and are the domain of science.

To posit a “designer” who has an intelligent (i.e.,active) hand in evolution, as Michael Behe, KenWilber do, is to make a statement of fact, namelythat some organisms or components of organisms aretoo complicated to have evolved unaided and neededassistance from some supernatural force. Science hasanswered those questions many times over—the nat-ural mechanisms of evolution are clearly explained toanyone who does the research of going to a decentbookstore and reading any of the books I’ve men-tioned in previous writings on this topic.

When it comes to biological evolution, “chance,necessity, and design” are not the explanations usedby scientists; “adaptation” and “natural selection”are. Specifically, design has not been ignored orconsidered superfluous by science, as you suggest; ithas been considered repeatedly and then discardeddue to lack of evidence or logic. In 1802, WilliamPaley published “Natural Theology; or, Evidencesof the Existence and Attributes of the Deity” andmade the famous “watchmaker argument” (basical-ly: if you found a watch on the road you wouldassume that it is designed because it has the appear-ance of design). He extended this argument to thenatural world—it has the appearance of beingdesigned so it must have been designed by aDesigner. Though Paley’s book was greatly influen-tial on the young Charles Darwin, Darwin endedup refuting Paley’s ideas in “On the Origin ofSpecies.” Theists have been reintroducing Paley’s“appearance-of-design” argument in various formsever since and biologists have been swatting theargument away for just as long.

To propose that there must be a Designer becausesomething “looks” designed is not a valid intellectualargument when there are other, natural mechanisms

to explain the apparent design. Embrace of paradoxis fine, but not if it causes one to fall short of ratio-nally explaining the rationally explainable. This is theproblem with ID theory: it stops short, failing toseek answers where answers can be found. There arelegitimate mysteries to be explored, such as whatexisted before the Big Bang and how the universecame into being, and scientists (namely cosmologistsand physicists) are exploring these mysteries andsearching for answers. While the IDers insert a“designer” to explain what they haven’t figured outyet and then stop searching, scientists (professionalor not) embrace the paradoxes of ignorance and arehappy with responding “we don’t know yet, but we’reworking to find an answer.”

I find this response far richer and more interest-ing than the pat response, “well, the designer did it.”

I keep tugging on this issue because, as much as Ienjoy the mystery and poetry of spiritual traditions,scientific explanations have been replacing spiritualexplanations of natural phenomenon at least sincethe time of Copernicus. In the social sciences,neuro-scientific and biological explanations havebeen increasingly encroaching upon and replacingthe classical psychological explanations of Freud et alfor behavior and states of mind, and there is no rea-son to believe that that trend will not continue. TheEnneagram community must learn to embrace legit-imate scientific explanations for natural phenome-non (such as, yes, Darwinian evolution) if it is to bewidely viewed as a legitimate field of study.

Jack Labanauskas: Mario, the “first cause” argu-ment is my main if not sole point of contention.Because the first cause could very well have beendesigned to include all the mechanisms of evolution.I do not believe that a Big Bang pumped a lot ofhelium and hydrogen into existence and after otherelements came about and the mix was right the“Creator” decided to play with complex organismsdesigning some even with self-awareness, but thatthe designer and what is designed somehow (and Ihave now idea how) are one and not separable.

If design was discarded due to lack of logic, wemight as well discard the entire universe for thesame reason. Regardless what the question is, we canalways go back one step until we come to the “how”of the Big Bang and then to the “why.” That isalways the last question and I believe neither scien-tists nor sages are able to fully understand that. It’slike scooping the ocean into a cup.

And if we are left with these final questions, theonly thing that logic can objectively answer is: “thereis something rather than nothing.” All else is eithermetaphysical or scientific speculation. The meta-physical placing focus on the subjective experientialtruths, while science puts focus on the objectivedemonstrable truths—and that’s fine.

I see no difference in the answer “we don’t knowyet, but we’re working to find an answer,” and “well,the designer did it.” The scientist is unable to findthe answer and the ID’er is not answering what thedesigner is. Both leave us as before—not knowing.

Mario Sikora: Jack, perhaps I’ve misunderstoodyour contention; in past editions you appeared to betrying to discredit Darwin and promoting the ideas

of IDers like Michael Behe, but now you appear tobe adopting Francis Collins’ view: Darwin wasabsolutely right and Darwinian evolution is merelythe Creator’s way of bringing his creation intobeing. That is not a debate that can be factuallyargued at this point. People can go back and forthon how they deal with their incredulity over first-cause arguments, with each side finding the other’sto be improbable. Maybe the universe simply alwaysexisted and the Big Bang was the result of naturalphenomenon following a previous black-holeinspired collapse of matter following an endlessseries of collapses and expansions; maybe it is all thedance of Shiva; maybe Jehovah willed it into being;maybe the flying spaghetti monster created it. I’mnot really that interested in that debate because Isimply don’t know and choose not to take a stance.

There is a significant difference between thestatements of the IDer and the scientist, however.They may both indicate ignorance for the moment,but the scientist’s statement indicates the search forknowledge; the IDer’s statement is the embrace ofignorance: the classic “god of the gaps” argumentwhere gaps in knowledge are filled with the miracu-lous and then the subject is changed. History shows,however, that it is science that fills those gaps becausethe goal of science is to answer questions, not becomplacent with simplistic, supernatural answers. Ifit weren’t for the scientific search for knowledge wewould still be living in the middle ages—insistingthat the earth was flat and leeching ourselves to cureour ills.

Jack Labanauskas: Mario, I like Francis Collins’view where both scientists and IDers can be right.He came to that position after a long life as a superbscientist and profound thinker, not as someone whois eager to embrace ignorance. There are IDers, andthen there are IDers. And some of them deserve tobe called IDers about as much as beer swilling greasemonkeys tinkering with cars on cement blocks canbe called scientists.

For me it boils down to this: Scientists choose to work with a topic that lends

itself to scientific exploration and they do it verywell. They stick to what can be explored, tested, anddemonstrated.

IDers stick their neck out from the getgo. Theyembrace a position that by its very nature is beyondintellect—what is created cannot contain what cre-ated it. How can they provide scientific evidence?Commons sense tells them to not even try.

Scientists can’t expect IDers to produce evidence,nor can IDers expect scientists to embrace an un-provable belief.

We can’t weigh stuff with a yardstick or measuredistance with a scale, and that’s the paradox I findacceptable. It neither impugns nor seeks to defineone by the means of the other.

What I find relevant here is a possibility that wecan agree that apples and oranges are objectivelyfruits, but taste can only be subjective. We canapply that when drawing comparisons or lookingfor correlations between the enneagram types,graphology, the MBTI, polarity, brain or bloodchemistry and other systems. •


Transformation of Patriarchal… continued from page 1

disintegration of the personality. So for example forthe Enneagram type 1 they are the connecting linesto points 4 and 7, for the Enneagram type 8 they areconnecting lines to points 5 and 2. After all, thebuilding blocks of life: DNA is made up out of twostrands, one from the mother and one from thefather, and so it is with the two lines or strands ofthe "spiral staircase" of integration and disintegra-tion within the Enneagram. Take another look atthe two-dimensional, rigid "human in an ironprison" or "brain trapped in a head" portrayal of theEnneagram symbol with its connecting lines andnow look at it three-dimensionally, and what do youget? A dynamic spiral staircase! (See diagram 1).

I will use point 4w5 which is my own trap as astarting point, as I am very familiar with that jour-ney up and down that "staircase" from that point. Itwill become clear as we follow that journey that allthe other points are "visited" and therefore peoplewith different Enneagram points and wings will rec-ognize themselves too here. There is a surprise instore on the way though…which we will see as we"travel". But the main point is where the journeycan take us, and what implications this will haveand possibilities will become open to humanity as aresult, in our intimate relationships, politically andsocially but also psychologically and spiritually aswell as ecologically for our habitat, our planet Earthand beyond our planet, the Universe.

Imagine DNA forming, integration of bothstrands or DNA unraveling, disintegration of bothstrands, or think of healthy and unhealthy pathwayswithin the brain. According to the Enneagram as weknow it, the 4w5 or 5w4 would continue the spiralstaircase downwards resulting in a possible suicide ormental illness like schizophrenia when disintegratinginto unhealthy levels downwards. Much has beenwritten in other Enneagram books using the DSMIV to explain this deterioration. Pictorially, this willmean that the 4w5 and the 5w4 will literary "fallinto oblivion" through the gap at the bottom of theEnneagram, this is the gap or otherwise called"void" between Enneagram point 4 and 5 throughthe "legs of the human" or the gap between the twohemispheres within the brain into the abyss of theUniverse. (See Diagram 1)

Basically this means actual death or psychologi-cal death, or at least a sense of despair, depression,huge mental pain, powerlessness and sense of alien-ation. (See poem Brave Heart).

Brave Heart 10.8.02

More brittle than the finest branch,to've drifted o'er the precipice.Observe the hemispheres apart;How treacherous man's heart.

More fearsome than the mightiest forest,to've climbed out of its hellish abyss.Observe the hemispheres in union;How powerfully strong, a man's heart…

The slightest touch of leaf upon skin,stirs the tendrils of man's heart within.Yet firm the hand and clear the eye,with no delay a path is hewn through dense foray.

The mind surrounded by a brave heart,is strong, yet sensitive.It will not fail, receptiveto the call, fulfill its mission…..

In deterioration, each person grabs for whattheir particular desire is following the quickest per-ceived route to instant gratification of that desirewith sometimes disastrous consequences for them-selves as well as others. Instead of accessing healthyways of relating to others or solving problems, theperson becomes more and more focused on childishways of gaining what they want instead of what theyneed, disempowering themselves in the process. Ifyou want more information about this then thestudy of Transactional Analysis and the Triune Brianis very useful here when it explains connections andmovement between the three main ego states of par-ent/superego, adult/ego and child/id; about adultshaving an open or "uncontaminated" mind or amind which is "contaminated" by prejudicial beliefsfrom the parent ego state or by superstitious fears ofthe child ego state or both.

What does that mean in practice for the 4w5?Following the lines downward the 4 will pick upthe negative aspects of the 1and 2: at 1 becomingnitpicky and self-recriminating (negative accusatoryparent ego state) and at 2: demanding and self-pity-ing (fearful child ego state). The 5 wing picks upthe negative aspects of the 7 and 8: at 7 panickyand scattered, looking for escape routes, and at 8starting to shout and stamp its feet in a tantrum.Imagine a small child who is dependent on anadult, a parent or parent figure. We speak here of anatural power imbalance. We must remember thatthe parent is responsible here for the child. Now theparent does not have to be an abusive parent butmaybe just a tired or temporarily stressed parent.But anyway say the parent shouts at the child andprojects his/her own frustration onto the child.How the child reacts to that situation will dependon their inherent DNA structure and thereforetheir particular Enneagram trap as well as howresourceful the child is within that trap. An 8 maythink and feel themselves to be stronger than theparent and independent and therefore not depen-dent on this "bad" or inadequate parent figure,refusing to believe that they are and can be hurt bythe parent or that they are not able to see to all

their needs. Such delusional thinking will have con-sequences for the child and adult in later life.

The 4 however will try to create psychologicaldistance between themselves and the blustering par-ent by curling up in silence hoping to elicit a warmand remorseful response from the parent, restoringsafety and survival. What really happens though isthat the 4 intra-psychically introjects the negativeparent figure/superego (1) as well as the helplesschild (2), and intra-psychically continues the dramaby literally splitting the helpless inner child off fromthe powerful yet negative inner parent figure whichresults of course in abandonment issues. The innerparent dumping the child by being harsh and nega-tive and unloving, the inner child "running away".It is easy to see how such an intra-psychic separationcould ultimately result in schizophrenia or suicide atits extreme point of disintegration.

What can a 4w5 learn though from facing theabyss at the bottom of the Enneagram? Well fromwhat I can tell you, it was terrifying yet instructivein that I was faced with the fact that our earthlymothers and fathers are never going to be adequatein seeing to all our needs, no matter how wellintending and good they are.

I knew that there was something more, some-thing which lies right inside of us, something whichI had experienced and was never cut off from whenI was a very young child, meditating alone in thegarden of our home. And so I went in search forthat compassionate inner Mother figure (See poemLady Wisdom) on my way up the staircase againafter having come face to face with the Abyss ofannihilation and oblivion.

Lady Wisdom 16.7.98

Here hidden in the shadowswithin the smallest room,inside the darkness, way below,I touch your frailty, dispel the doom.For you are Lady Wisdom.

And as I speak soft murmurs,your inner flame grows stronger.And as I groan, howl, stammerall desires, hunger for your innerGrace, O Lady Wisdom…

Then your Light and flame burnupon my tearstained face.What can I do but turnmyself to you, embraceyour dancing fire, O Lady Wisdom.

These treasures I can only findwithin these hidden places.These visions are in front, behindme; wrapped round my wrists,your furlongs draw me, Lady Wisdom.

You whisper dreams a world beyondthe highest firmament.Yet unprepared though is my mindfor images, a wondrous sky omniscient,revealed by you, O Lady Wisdom. > > >

Diagram 1


I didn't know that I’d discoverthese jewels in this darkest forest,inside the epicenter of this storm, I quietly hoverand carried on this meditative quest;Your Gift of Peace, O Lady Wisdom.

It’s on the edges of my frame,you hail me in your womb.The fear, intensity of painsubsides, as you cocoonme in these silent depths of Wisdom….

The direction of integration for the 4w5 issimultaneously picking up the positive aspects of 1-7-5-8-2-4 and 2-8-5-7-1-4 for the 4 and for the 5wing the path is picking up the positive aspects of:8-2-4-1-7-5 and 7-1-4-2-8-5. (See diagram 1)

I will follow the integration of just the 4 here first.An integrating 4 will pick up the positive aspects

of the 1(positive corrective parent ego state), calm-ing turbulent emotions through gaining discern-ment and clarity, realizing that a child is not toblame for their parent’s inadequate or abusivebehavior as well as connecting with the positiveaspects of 2 (positive nurturing parent ego state)warmth and compassion for the inner child.Imagine loving parents warning the child againstdanger and prepared to discipline that child in loveand compassion, i.e. the compassionate inner Fatherfigure. (See poem Guardians of my Heart).

Guardians of My Heart

A rider in the nightupon his horse so white,with manes ablazeand in his eyes, the fire of light.he hastens to the glenand takes his placeamongst the rows of knights.his breath a breeze of blessing.their spirits now awakenand as they form a round,the wounded child is placedinside the centre, on the ground.her tears are wept, her open handsreceive the breath, the blessing.the pain endured, she smiles and sendsthe sun awarming in the heavens.The seeds of love are strewn, the rainin droplets form a silver curtain.The mandolin is taken from the treeand from within a song is welling up inside of me…

Thus archetypally balanced, empowered, withpositive parental figures inside, reassured and curi-ous to find out more, it is safe for the 4 to explorethe next step: picking up positive aspects of the 7(positive inner free child and positive relaxed parent)i.e. sense of humour at one’s own human conditionand that of others and ability to experience the pre-sent, in effect joy and playfulness which have noth-ing to do with external circumstances but with thesheer joy of being alive! Picking up the positiveaspects of the 8 (positive powerful protective parentas well as positive powerful and creative child) i.e.empowerment to have an effect and a place in theworld. Imagine a strong lioness with her lion cubplaying beside her. (See poem Dolphin’s Mysticism).

Dolphin’s Mysticism 14.06.03

Here in the Sanctuary,your gentle Silence overwhelms my ears.My thirst is quenched, my yearning forconnection stilled, cancelled fears.Faint smile as I hear read out ego’s obituary.

Vanity is All, and All is Vanity.Unencumbered by life’s ropes,which tie me down to this old life,I stand thus freed from angsts and hopes.Liberty is Nothing, and Nothing is Liberty.

The faint smile round my lips,becomes a broader grin.Your sense of Humour, tickling my sides.I can no longer hold it in,shaking diaphragm, heaving ribs.

How glorious it is to take the pissout of one’s own importance.Your Being safely sheltering though,the sensitive, tender Essence.Ego reduced to rags yet, o what raucous bliss!

And as I wipe the teardropsof laughter from my cheeks,I chance a look at others,teachers, heads of schools, the geeks,the priests, the ministers, judges and cops.

A sadness still laced with merrimentnow fills my soul,for I just want to play!Yet all of us are stuck in roles (rolls),sandwiched between false layers of elevation/basement.

Priesthood of all the peoples,No clerical collars, no lay.No inequality of gender, colour, race or status.For God’s sake, we were born to playin Harmony, Equality, Unity, respecting Dignityof Difference of all the peoples.

PS: If I’m okay and you’re okay,then I’m an ass and you’re an ass.Let’s revel in the wisdom of God’s folly.

The next step is that both strands come together in5! This point is a resting place for the next steps ahead.More about that later.

The following step is interesting because it ishere that the dilemma of the integrating 4 parent isresolved. The dilemma between justice and mercy.Imagine the following scene in a school: A teacher(4) with 2 children. One is a bully/persecutor andhas been verbally abusive to another child who is thevictim. Having experienced positive corrective par-enting at 1 and positive nurturing love at 2, theadult can now also be positively corrective and nur-turing to other children and deal with the situationin an emotionally literate way. Each child gets timeto tell their story individually with the teacher, is lis-tened to and understood, both are listened to with-out judgment and with an open mind. At the endthe teacher tells the victim that he/she does not needto have to put up with being verbally abused andthat the bully will have to make up for such behav-ior. Then the bully is listened to and we do knowthat most bullies have often been victims them-

selves, the teacher is compassionate towards thechild and points out that the strategies the bully usesare harmful to others as well as him/herself and asksthe child if there is another way for getting whatthey need. (If for example domestic abuse at home isunearthed, further action can be taken involving thechild protection officer in the school). However ifthe bully just had a bad day, he/she is now ready to

look at how he/she has harmed him/herself as wellas the other and what the bully would like to do toput things right what was harmful. If successful sofar, both children can be brought in together andthe bully can feel empathy for the victim, and canapologize. The victim will feel that their dignity hasbeen restored and under the guidance of the teacherboth children may work out a plan to put rightwhat went wrong. This has been a real situation andthe children in question have become friends. Life isnot always that ideal though but it illustrates emo-tional literacy where the dilemma between metingout justice with mercy in a positive way becomespossible! After that the 4 moves to their own homepoint of 4 but now empowered with all the aspectsof the other points feeling solid inside with a clearidentity and effective in the world outside.

The 5wing experiences a similar process but inslightly different order accessing the same combina-tions though. The integrating 5 experiences at 8authoritative, decisive and effective ways of dealingwith a situation (positive effective parent) as well asat 7 a humorous sideway glance at the human con-dition including their own foibles and those of oth-ers (positive free child). Thus empowered the 5 isready to explore their feelings at 2 and theirthoughts become focused at 1. The next step is theresting place for the 5 which is of course the 4! Moreabout that later.

The step after that is where the dilemmabetween wanting to flee (7) and needing to dealwith a situation combatively (8) is resolved. The 5repeats the healthy way he/she was treated by thepositive inner parent with others. And the next stepbrings the 5 back to their home point but nowempowered with all the aspects of the other points.

The dilemma each personality faces has to dowith the fight/flight response in the amygdala of ourbrain, the immediate survival instinct of the mam-mal. The 5 classically demonstrates that, but thereare other permutations as we have seen with the 4for example and then we haven’t even begun to lookat instinctual variants and stackings, but there ismuch material about this on the web and in booksand is not the focus of this article. What > > >

Life is not always that idealthough but it illustrates

emotional literacy wherethe dilemma between

meting out justice withmercy in a positive way

becomes possible!


we do know is that Evolution has given us thusother ways of dealing with situations than just thisinstinctual and dualistic reaction.

Imbalance of the patriarchal Enneagram

Having followed the journey thus far, you maywell have noticed that nowhere along this integrat-ing path, the 4w5 touches the positive aspects of 3,6 and 9? Neither does the 5w4 or the 1w2 or 2w1,or the 7w8 or 8w7.Yet in an integrating person, allhuman positive aspects are accessed and the mediat-ing powers of the 9, the positive action of the 3, theloyalty of the 6 and are all accessed. And how canthe 3, 6, 9 triangle in the middle of the Enneagramever access the positive aspects of all the otherpoints? How can this be solved?

In a patriarchal society (a society where men arelooked upon as the ones in power), the masculine isexpressed in the original Enneagram (see the 3-6-9triangle) but is not balanced by the feminine. Why doI call this the masculine triangle? In symbolism a tri-angle with the point at the top (the phallic blade), iscalled the masculine triangle. Now let’s take a look atthe original Enneagram and we see that the masculineis perfectly represented by the 3.6.9. triangle, but thefeminine (the inverted triangle with the point at thebottom representing the womb) is not expressed! Canwe stay within the circle to express the feminine? I’mafraid we have to think outside the circle so to speak.As you can see on the picture, I have drawn a femi-nine triangle using 2 and 7 as the top line and com-ing together in point 11. (See diagram 2).

This is outside the patriarchal circle of theEnneagram. We know that each person is made upout of equal strands of the father’s DNA and theMother’s DNA. Yet here we have an Enneagram onlyexpressing a "lonely" masculine symbol and not afeminine one. For thousands of years we have accept-ed the fact that a patriarchal society is the way theworld is, but it runs counter to the basic equality offeminine and masculine expressed in nature in thevery building blocks we are made out of, our DNA.So something is quite amiss here. (See poem Sophia).

By drawing number 11, the intuitive feeling thatthe symbol of the Enneagram was vaguely familiarwhen I had when I first come across it and wasattracted to, became clear. Here was the symbol ofthe harmony and equality in power between femi-nine and masculine, the seal of the wise kingSolomon (Solomon’s seal or otherwise called the Starof David see symbol) who knew how to judge situa-tions well.

Sophia, Schechina, Ekklesia 9.8.01

The system wishes to maintain the status quo:The woman either demonized just like a whore,or lifted high like some eternal goddess.Madonna, Virgin Mother Earth, reigning the cosmos.

Why do we choose to follow a system patriarchalin which half of humanity cannot be equal?In which she's either lifted up as some virginal Madonna,or treated like some sinful seductress, Eva?

Church fathers, did you not understand God's callthat women and men are equal?Not able to withstand the power and the flattery,the illusion of idolatrous male superiority?

O how the patriarchs were deceivedby powers, principalities:"Open your eyes, descend your ridiculous thrones,dressed in adulterous clothes unable to throw stones!"

"Ashamed, stand now in remorse, humility.accept the other half of God in all equality.Wisdom will then be flesh in Lady Sophia.The Strength of female/male combined in Lady Ekklesia."

Balancing the masculine triangle with the femi-nine as described above, the feminine bottom point11 is outside the patriarchal circle and forms thefirst connection point between 4 and 5.So nolonger a gap between 4 and 5 and no longer thebase of the feminine triangle missing! We have akind of Star of David/ Solomon’s Seal. Not quitethe same as the feminine triangle is slightly biggerhere depicting not the domination of the feminineover the masculine but providing solidity and com-passionate bigheartedness. One could say that theuniverse has given humanity a big and compassion-ate heart of mercy perfectly in balance with a sharpfocused blade point 9 of justice embedded inmercy.

In order to function, we need to be in balance. Ithink that on a deep archetypal collective subcon-scious level, we have known this all along but havenot known what to do about it.

Yes, patriarchy has given us much and humanityhas been able to develop new technologies andwealth. However the picture is very unequal and outof balance. Slums and deprivation right next door towealth and development. So here I would like to putthe following:

"Patriarchy has allowed us to develop many tech-nologies and combat diseases and has created a verygood standard of living in the West at least, but thepicture is not in balance across the globe and clearlywealth and health is not evenly distributed. As ourworld is getting smaller through travel and the avail-ability of the internet, globalization is taking placeand we have become aware how interconnected weall are and how decisions and policies taken in onecountry affect all countries in the world in varyingdegrees."

When 9/11 occurred, a deeply psychologicalchange in the way we had perceived the world so farbecame obvious.

Strangely enough, I wrote a poem about such anevent nearly 2 years before it happened. (See poemRipples).

Ripples 2.11.99

Ripples shudder throughcloud scrapers in the skyas angry looking tower blocksare torn apart byshifting dust in heaven and earth…

Stars from a diff’rent worldshoot through the gapsbetween the conscious realityand the unconscious,God’s word of powerful Grace:

"Stand firm and strongand you’ll defeat the enemy,tear down the curtain of deception.Beyond it lies the truthand your redemption."

The universe’s aliveGod’s heartbeat boomsthrough the earth’s crust.His holy firetouching our human hearts.

God’s messengers empowerour broken, frail humanity.Her wisdom in this latest hourthrows light uponan ever darkening morality

Just as the enemy seemsto have taken this earthwithin its menacing grip,Th’eternal compassion of Godrebirths the singed snakein theabyss….

The enemy is not a person but deception…..

The drive to make the archetypal feminine man-ifest again is obvious since the Gnostic books at NagHammedi were found in 1945 interestingly at theend of the Second World War challenging orthodoxChristian patriarchal and dualistic thinking.

"The archetypal feminine may not be blatantlyobvious in the way our countries are governed assuch, but there is a process going on underneath the"ground" as it were, which is also symbolicallyexpressed in diagram 2. Manifestations of thatprocess are the rise of powerful women like Pelosiand Hilary Clinton, Condoleezza Rice to name afew in today’s world, but the roots go back furtherin history with the Suffragettes who fought forwomen’s right to vote during the first World War (see Wikipedia for more info) which was also thebeginning of the rise of feminism.

What is more important here is the underlyingspiritual theme of the equality between the feminineand masculine forces in nature and by bringingthem together in Balance, resulting in the birth ofCreativity and possibility for Transformation of thisdefunct and destructive system and dealing with theconsequences of such a system. How? By harnessingthose powers and systems within a greater and moreexpansive framework of compassion for all the peo-ples and nations, for the care of the animals andplants that inhabit our world, encouraging diversity.In short a holistic way forward. > > >

Diagram 211


Now it would be utterly foolish to replace patri-archy with matriarchy, a "lonely" feminine trianglewhere women rule with an iron rod over humanitymirroring the imbalance of patriarchy. We do nothave to look back too far in British history to findtwo powerful females.

"Both queen Victoria and Margaret Thatcherare examples of women who made it to the top in amale world. On one level they can be congratulatedthat they were able to do so, but on a much deeperlevel they merely swapped one system of imbalancewith another and were therefore still bound by thesame problems patriarchy presents us with today."Let me now examine how that is expressed with theEnneagram in mind."

The trap of point 11 is to bring about femaledominance, mirroring the drama triangle of the per-secutor, the rescuer and the victim. Without themasculine triangle to give the feminine triangle thesharp blade of justice, it would fall in the trap ofperpetuating round and round the feminine dramatriangle, dishing out negative and unwanted nurtur-ing and hysteria at 2 (rescuer), unhelpful panic reac-tions at 7(victim) and matriarchal dominance at11(persecutor).

It is naively believed that all women are the nur-turers of society and nurturers of children in a fami-ly. Linda Crockett in her book "The DeepestWound How a journey to El Salvador led toHealing from Mother-Daughter Incest" reveals thatthat belief is not valid and that women are capableof hurting their own children, be the set up patriar-chal or matriarchal. (See poem Medusa).

Medusa 2.11.02

She rides the ancient female wisdomvortices of underworld winds,and whispers secret longings in your ear.She draws, seduces victims to her lair,the complex weavings of her serpentine hair.

Bruised and abused, rejected daughtersof mad, masturbating mothers,she promises to hold you in her welcom ing arms.To soothe your brow, fulfill legitimate, infantile needs,silencing alarm bells you might possibly heed.

Her soft voice of honey sucks you in.The Needy Saviour lures her prey:Welcome to the Medusa Family!Before you know, you're hopelessly entangled in her dreadlock hair,where you and her begin and finish, just a mixed up blur…

Whilst balancing the feminine and the masculinedeals with bringing the archetypal forces of nature inBalance, there still needs to be a re-birthing place forsinged and deceived humanity, where it can behealed, be renewed, take heart and be transformed.Here we need to bring the lines from 1 and 8 whichcome together in point 12 which is another connec-tion point between 4 and 5 deeply inside the"Universe" so to speak. It is at this place at the strongego points of 1and 8 that the ego can be released inmeditation on its way down to the void, the abyss,through the dark night of the soul and a re-birthingplace is created in point 12 where neurotransmitterswithin the brain are balanced in meditation and thedivine is touched. (See diagram 3).

The crown point 9, which so far was the onlyplace where right and left brain met now has afocal point through the heart of the centre of themasculine triangle in point 10 through to thefeminine point 11 and beyond in point 12 andbecomes focused rather than scattered--the linefrom point 9 through to point 12 or one couldsay the corpus colosseum of the band of nervecells connecting both hemispheres in the brain orthe spine of the body of the human within theEnneagram symbol reaching further down intothe Universe and coming to rest at the re-birthing place 12. Further more lines are drawnfrom the 3 to 6 axel downwards to end in point12 too. The whole thing begins to look like aballoon depicting freedom from entrapment! :-).(See diagram 4).

Around the bottom half of the evolvedEnneagram I have put a circle and depicting thedepth of the feminine connected to the heart cen-ter of the masculine triangle then one around thewhole balloon to encircle the whole depicting theUniverse. (See photo diagram 5)

Evolutionary transformation

Having "arrived" after integration at the homepoint of 4w5 again after going round the clock so tospeak, personal issues for the 4w5 become resolved

within the patriarchal Enneagram circle. We couldcall this the personal level. Having arrived therethough, the connecting points of 11 and 12 become"visible". One could say that the second circle incor-porating the archetypal feminine point 11 is thearchetypal level. The third encompassing circle wecould now call the transcendental level whichincludes the original patriarchal Enneagram, thearchetypal as well as the transcendental. From thistranscendental point each person becomes not onlypersonally empowered but also archetypally bal-anced and able to transcend the whole and seethings as they really are from above so to speak! Forthe 4w5 as well as for any other Enneagram typesthe realization that they are complete individualswho have all resources necessary for a fulfilled liferight inside of them is utter bliss and brings somuch joy! ( It is at this point that all Enneagrampoints can access the positive aspects of the mascu-line triangle 3-6-9 in the patriarchal Enneagram andvice versa the masculine triangle is connected to allthe other points and can access all the positiveaspects of points 1,2,4,5,7,8.

Each Enneagram point now has access to point11 and 12 where they can experience new birth.(See diagram 5 and See poem The Valley of Time).

The Valley of Time 14.9.98

We’re here but for a while,to dance, to sing, to love in style.To worship Life and walk the mileupon life’s road with sheer abandonment,surrendered hearts to suff’ring and enjoyment.

A baby born, a newling at the start,with open eyes and open heart.No boundaries, no barriers apart.She is the world, the world is her.No evil, good, no power.

Sweet child now as you yearnto find out more, so much to learn.this is your life, this is your turnto touch the light, the stars, the moon,th’eternal sky. The world’s in tune.

And as you dance this greatest symphony,from heaven to earth now flows the energy.Your earthly body tasting Eternity.This planetarian valley of hourly timeis but a part of life, a taste of bread and wine.

We build a wall, defend the woundedness inside.we think we’re safe, and we can hidethat deepest part, our essence opened wide……Your healing water gushes like a riverover this war torn, broken heart… I shiver…

The fire’s out, the phoenix is in flightand leaves behind the darkness of the night,faces the sunshine and the lightof truth and peace within, integrity.heaven and earth in harmony……

Both 4w5 and 5w4 were already aware of con-necting point 11 when they came to a point of restwhilst their connecting lines or strands crossed over.For the 4 they cross over in 5, and for the 5 theycross over in 4. (See The DNA spiral staircase ofIntegration and Disintegration). > > >

Diagram 3

Diagram 4

11

12

11

12


As we have seen the 2 and 7 can drop down to 11and from there to 12, the 1 and 8 can drop down to 12directly passing points 4 and 5 on the way. The 3 and 6can drop down the connecting lines to 12 and the 9drops down the spine through point 10 to 11 and then12. I will come back to point 10 in a moment.

Looking at the whole picture now we have theBalance between the feminine and the masculinerestored and a place of rebirth for humanity to behealed and renewed. The temptation of point 12 isthat it becomes a place where all the evolvedEnneagram points would like to stay, a wonderfulwomb. But as we all know, after healing has takenplace it is vital to move on with our lives and putinto action all that we have learned on the way. Thisliterally "gives birth" to creative thinking andapproaches problems and difficulties from a tran-scendental perspective.

Weltschmerz 24.4.02

World ruled by dollar driven greed,polluters of this Universe and Earth,intending to preserve the present situation!

Bird brained white men in suits who do not heedth' increasing cries of Mother Earth,intending to preserve the rule of exploitation.

The tears of the abused, their hungry needfor human dignity now drench the earth,intending to be seen, yet only fuelling the indignation

of arrogant suits, who march on to feedpot-bellied stomachs; plund'ring the Earththeir main concern, their main attraction.

One day those tears will speak and leadsurvivors to dry this sodden Earth;Balance and Harmony healing the Nations….

So from point 12 there is an upward thrust topoint 10.Now imagine a vertical axel throughpoint 10. Then all evolved Enneagram points canmove onto this axel and from there back to theirhome points three-dimensionally forming an inter-

esting looking star or could we say the birth of anew star, the birth of a new paradigm for humani-ty. Not too difficult to grasp that it is quite possi-ble that the material flowed from the spiritual andnot the other way round….Putting it in scientificterms, disputes between scientists who try to findthe one unifying item to bring together a theorythat explains everything perhaps need to be awarethat the dualism i.e. macrophysics and quantumphysics they seem to be observing is actually due tothe fact that that dualism stems from their ownmind. If their minds were in tune they may realizethat there is no separation between the two andthat whilst observing data, are themselves beingobserved by a self aware universe….

Looking at diagram 6 of the triads, the picturealludes to point 10 and 11 but not to point 12.Drawing the lines of the triads to the top of point 9,from the base of point 12, we get the figure of akite, more evidence of freedom!

"Concluding, the evolved and transformedEnneagram portrays the common sense of Balanceand Equality between the genders, different groups

of peoples, races etc.interpersonally. Intrapsychicallyand archetypally this will mean the co-operationbetween our instincts (our primitive drives in ourreptilian brain and our neo-cortex, mediated by ourlimbic system. Spiritually as union with our sur-roundings and realization that we are all "stardust"made of the same stuff.

The Village 4.3.05

The fences round the world of innocence,are but man-made and form a prisonin which its people are caged by oath alone.Split off from growth, change and reality.

Breaking a path out of the villageinto real life where kindness, crueltyis just as much part of the human condition.The healing power lies within and breaking forth into new territory.

So fearlessly step forth and break new ground,always alert yet never with a heart of cowardice.With courage embrace what Life bringsfrom deep rich pools within and outer beauty.

Do not fear man, yet beware of heart’s deception.True innocence is not unwise, it harkens the dark within, without.Yet does not fear it, boldly embraces what lies ahead.Reaching out it grabs Lachaim (Life) with both hands.

Explore the lands before you, enlarge the heart, incorporate new worlds.

So one day you may encircle strange new cultures,discover they’re just the hidden parts of you.And as you love, the world lies at your feet…………….

Olga Allen © Copyright

Diagram 6

Fabien & PatriciaChabreuil

• Paris 2007 •Ennéagramme : Pardon 10-11, Mar.Ennéagramme : Bases 17-18, Mar.Ennéagramme : Communication 24-25, Mar.Ennéagramme : Spirale Dynamique (corrélations) 02 Apr.Ennéagramme : Centres 28.-29, Apr.Ennéagramme : Eveil 5-6, MayEnnéagramme : Bases 12-13, MayEnnéagramme : Détermination 19-20, May

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Enneagram Monthly No. 135 March 2007