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7/30/2019 Elements of Perspective Drawing http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/elements-of-perspective-drawing 1/22 CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING & GRAPHICS CH (1+2) Lecture 4: Elements of perspective drawing Dr. Mohsin Siddique  Asst. Prof. Dept. of Civil Engineering FAST-NU 12/09/2012

Elements of Perspective Drawing

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CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING &GRAPHICS CH (1+2)

Lecture 4: Elements of perspective drawing

Dr. Mohsin Siddique

 Asst. Prof.

Dept. of Civil EngineeringFAST-NU

12/09/2012

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ISOMETRIC AND PERSPECTIVE VIEWS

BASICS

• Isometric or perspective views are of great importance toarchitect, draftsman, town planners and engineers as these help

them in conveying their perceived objects to the laymen andunskilled workers before construction of the project.

• T es of three dimensional views 

▫ (1). Isometric Projection▫ (2). Axonometric Projection

▫ (3). Oblique Projection

▫ (4). Perspective Projection

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ISOMETRIC AND PERSPECTIVE VIEWS

BASICS

• Isometric views: It is drawn by imagining the objects principalthree edges making equal angles with the plane of projection.

•  Axonometric view: It is drawn to show the upper part in moredetails. The objects principal edges are imagined to be making 60o

on one side and 30o on other side with the horizontal plane.

• Oblique view: When one side of object is to be shown clearly, this view is used. The front object is kept parallel to the plane of projections and one edge is inclined at 30o-45o to the horizontal.

• Perspective view: It shows an object in its true shape as itappears to the eye.

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PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS

BASICS

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PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS

• Perspective view orprojection gives theappearance of an object as itappears to the human eye.

• It is similar to photographicpicture.

• In a perspective projection all theprojectors appear to meet at apoint e.g., if an observed stand inthe railway track, the railway 

lines appear to meet at a point.

• If such a view is drawn with thehelp of drawing instrument on aplane, it is know as perspective

projection.

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PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS

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PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS

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• Picture Plane: The imaginary  vertical plane between theobserver and the object on whichthe perspective is obtained isknow as picture plane. It isabbreviated as PP

• Ground Line: The line of  

PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS

TECHNICAL TERMS

n ersec on o groun p ane an vertical or picture plane is calledground line and it is denoted by GL.

• Center of vision: The point

 where the line of vision pierce thepicture plane is centre of vision.

• Horizon: Horizontal line drawnthrough center of vision on thepicture plane.

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PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS

TECHNICAL TERMS

• Station Point: It is the point of sight where all projector converge•  Vanishing Point: It is a point on the picture plane where all the

parallel lines appear to converge.

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PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS

TECHNICAL TERMS•  Angle of vision: Draw the plan of the object. Join the station point

 with two extreme corners of the object. These two extreme corner

lines enclose the Arc of Vision. The angle formed between theselines is known as angle of vision.

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PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS

TECHNICAL TERMS• Measuring line: The intersection of the plan of the object with

picture plane gives the true height at the point of intersection, when

measured in elevation. So any side of the object which lies in pictureplane shows the true height of the object.

• Eye level: It is a line at the eye-level of the observer and isrepresented by straight line. Its true height is observed from ground

.

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CLASSIFICATION OR PERSPECTIVE

• Shadow Perspective or Pictorials and

• Linear Perspective

▫ One-point perspective

 ▫ Two Point perspective▫ Three point perspective

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ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE

•  When all set of parallel linesappear to converge at a single

point of convergence, theperspective is called one pointperspective.

 • The set of horizontal and vertical lines of the object which are in the picture planeor parallel to it shows their trueheight and width in the front.

• The depth lines convergetowards a common vanishingpoint

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Can you locate theHorizon Line?

How did you

ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE

 

Can you find the

vanishing point in this

picture?

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The red line is the Horizon Line.

ONE POINONE POINT PERSPECTIVET

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Can you locate the vanishing point?

ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE

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TWO POINT PERSPECTIVE

• Face of the object is keptinclined to the picture plane

 while drawing it.

• There are two vanishing points:one on the left and other on the

.

• This perspective is used for buildings and otherengineering assemblies.

• It shows more than one face of  building and thus makes thistype of perspective moreillustrative.

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Locate VanishingPoint

TWO POINT PERSPECTIVE

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Objects seen at an angle would be drawn with two-pointperspective using two vanishing points.

TWO POINT PERSPECTIVE

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THREE POINT PERSPECTIVE

• In this perspective, all the threesets of parallel lines converge at

three different vanishingpoints.

• This is mainly used for drawingperspective of very tall buildingor towers, since the vertical setof parallel line also appear toconverge at a vanishing point.

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REFERENCES

•  A course in Civil Engineering Drawing• By V.B Sikka

 •  

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THANK YOU

• Questions….

• Comments…

• Suggestions…

• Feel free to contact:

[email protected]