Country : El Salvador

Daily tours: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ru1yXiGyahM

Topics:HistoryCities

PopulationCulture, food , dance, Music, religions, Holy days.

Ministerio de Turismo http://www.elsalvador.travel/index.php

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAyjtEkLNp0El Salvador Touris

Dios, Unión, Libertad

A Presentation By Carlos Salinas

EL Salvador

• The smallest country In Central America • 2 Hrs by airplane from Miami• 5 Hrs from California • It borders on the Pacific Ocean between Guatemala

and Honduras....

GuatemalaHonduras

Pacific Ocean

El Salvador today

Nicaragua

Population: 5.8 million Area 21041 km² (8123.97 SqMlles)Capital: San Salvador

Official Language : Spanish Indigenous Language :dialect of Nahuatl

1500 BC

History

900 AD

mayas and

Lencas tribes

Pipiles tribes

1200 AD

Pipiles Take

Control

1522 AD

Spain come to

El Salvador

1821 AD

Central America

free from Spain

1932 AD 1980 -

1900AD

Revolution 1932

Civil War

The Pipil are an indigenous people who live in western El Salvador. Their language is a dialect of Nahuatl called Nahuat or Pipil. Pipil oral tradition holds that they migrated out of central Mexico. However, in general, their mythology is more closely related to the mythology of the Maya peoples who are their near neighbors

• Spain takes control of Central America• Indian people worked for the conquistadores• Indian people lost their culture and they mixed with

Spainish culture.• 3 kinds of races : Spaniards (criollos people whose

were born in Central America but from Spaniards parents), Indian and Mestizo (from Spaniards and Indian).

• Many battles between Spaniards soldiers and Indians people.

• Catholic religion replaced the belief in Indian gods.• Principal economic source: Anil Plantation

By 1200 AD

1522 AD

• Coin: Dollar ( before 2001 : Colon

• (1 Dollar=8.75 Colon)

  Manuel José de Arce y Fagoaga, 1 president of la República Federal de Centroamérica.

• 1821 Central America becomes independent from Spain

• 1840 -El Salvador becomes an Independent republic .• El Salvador creates a Constitution.• 1860-El Salvador became a Republic • Coffee plantation became the principal economic

source of development • All power and most of the wealth was in the hands of

14 families who were part of the outer wing of the European elite. They took Control of coffee plantations.

• Presidents were most often military personnel or caudillo.

1800’s El Salvador Independent

  Coffee Plant

1932 Revolution

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S8wBNpP2s_U

•1932 Indian and poor people, tired from oppression and abuse from government and Salvadorian Army, revolted.

•The Army took the control and 30,000 people died

•Afterwards, Most Indian people didn’t speak the Indian language ( nahuaht)

• 1931 to 1979 El Salvador was ruled by a series of military dictatorships.

• A Civil War began , university students, educators, and workers confronted the Army and government ( they Call to these people “Guerillas”).

• In 10 ys 75 k people died and 9 k disappears .

• 1992 the Civil War ended in El Salvador.

• The “Guerillas” formed the FMLN Party and they became an official party in the Democratic Republic of El Salvador.

• 2009 A member of FMLN party becomes president of the Democratic Republic of El Salvador.

• THEN…… PEACE AND LOVE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6VoKZWDHXE

1980 -1900

War

•Ninety percent of today's Salvadorans are mestizos (people of mixed native and European descent).•Nine percent of unmixed European ancestry. • 1% is of pure indigenous ancestry.

90%9%1%

Nahuatl wordsPopulation5.8 millionsKalli - house, casa

Tlazocamatli - thank you, gracias Tonatiuh - sun, solMeztli - moon, lunaTlatoa - speak, hablarNehuatl - I, yoTehuatl - you, tu

Rosemarié Mixco

mestizos European Indian

Weather And Geographic

Lakes

Beaches

Humidly and hot

2 Seasons Summer (November - April) dry season Winter (may - October) Tropical, rainy season

Dios, Unión, Libertad

Temperature: 24 C = 75.2 F (23 C min to 32C max) (73-89 F)

0

Tropical Weather

Mountains : Santa Ana, Cerro Verde, pital, Monte Cristo volcanoes: Ilamatepec ( Santa Ana), Chinchontepec( San Vicente) Quezaltepec ( San Salvador), Chaparrastique ( San MigueL, Izalco ( Sonsonate) Rivers: Rio lempa, Paz beaches : Acajutla, Salinitas, la libertad , La costa de Sol.lakes: Suchitoto, coatepeque, Ilopango

Rafting(river ) all year

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZmSuQSyTlU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1HLxMJCQsYY

Holly days

Day Name Celebration

January 1 New Year

March-April Holly week ( catholic )

May 1 Work International Day

May 10 Mothers day

June 17 Fathers day

August 6 El Salvador del Mundo day

September 15 Independence day

November 2 Dead day

December 25 Christmas

Independence Day September 15 Independence day is one of the most important days for Salvadorians. In 1821 the declaration of independence was signed by important government people such as Manuel Jose Arce, Jose Simeon Canas and Jose Matias Delgado. They are the ones who gave the first shout of independence on November 5 of 1811 in San Salvador, the capital of El Salvador. In 1823 Delgado was elected president of the constituent assembly.Because that is so important, every September 15 there is a big celebration that takes places all around El Salvador. Some activities that take place during the celebration are organized by public and private schools and government institutes. At the end of the day, fireworks light up the skies in El Salvador.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWYO1IH-KA4El Salvador 15 September parade

March-April Holly week ( catholic )74% of Population : catholic Rest of Population: Protestant , Angelical, No religion

alfombras de Semana Santa (Holy Week carpets) : They are made from colorful sawdust, flowers, fruits, and anything the imagination allows.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yokgbu-UyBYHolly weekhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GW1p9i1Z7RI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JJ3V1eGWw0Alfombra

•This holly week is celebrated with a lot of enthusiasm.•Some people spend their vacation at the beach.•People attend church every day.

Traditional Music And danceDance and music represent the daily people live in EL Salvador and

the past time.

Las Cortadoras :Represent female workers at coffee plantations and how they enjoy this life , pick up coffee beans.

PD :But there ( in El Salvador) are clubs, bars and restaurants where people usually go to dance on weekends . They like ,salsa, merenge , regeton , pocmusic , etc, etc.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwZfH_kVp-E

El carbonero : Represent how men go every day to pick up charcoal from the ancient volcano eruptions and how they go sell it at the market

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_M44LBBfzdw

Traditional music Instruments

Pito

marimba

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7UtybfVxtYkMarimba

is a wooden percussion instrument with a keyboard whose bars are made of wood and with resonators. It is played by striking the wooden bars using mallets.

whistle , Flauta , Flute

The flute is a musical instrument of the woodwind group. Unlike woodwind instruments with eeds, a flute is an aerophone or reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air across an opening.

Music band from past time ( 1920-1930)

TamborDrumThe drum is a member of the percussion group of music instruments, technically classified as a membranophone.[1].

Traditional food

•(made using masa de maíz, a maize flour dough used in Latin American cuisine)

•Queso(usually a soft Salvadoran cheese called Quesillo),

•chicharrón or bacon.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HCJCRB_maU

•squash (ayote),

•refried beans (frijoles refritos),

•Cheese with loroco (loroco is a vine flower bud from Central America).

Pupusas are similar to tortillas ,Or to arepas.

Pupusas

A tamale Tamales can be filled with meats, cheese (post-colonial), asliced chillis or any preparation according to taste. Tamales are generally wrapped in corn husks or plantain (post-colonial) leaves before cooking, depending on the region from which they come.

TRADITIONAL FOOD

Chicha is a term used in some regions of Latin America for several varieties of fermented beverages, particularly those derived from maize,[1] but which also describes similar non-alcoholic beverages. Chicha may also be made from manioc root (also called yuca or cassava), or fruits, and other ingredients.It is traditionally prepared from a specific kind of yellow maize (jora) and is usually referred to as chicha de jora. It has a pale straw color, a slightly milky appearance, and a slightly sour aftertaste, reminiscent of hard apple cider. It is drunk either young and sweet or mature and strong. It contains a slight amount of alcohol, 1-3%.

TRADITIONAL FOOD

Horchata – traditional drink made with: rice, cinnamon, sesame, allspice, and a native seed called Morro seeds is delicios

Traditional food

Salvadoran myths"Siguanaba is just a legend from El Salvador, told by grandparents mostly, to kids. It's about a woman who appears to men who are unfaithful to their girlfriends.According to people from El Salvador this legend is 100% true. and this woman Becomes like a deformed devil with big teeth and scares men so much that they twist out the shape of their faces."

Cipitio: is a legendary character of Salvadoran (El Salvador Central America) folklore. He is generally portrayed as a 10 year old boy with a big hat and a large belly. His name is taken from the Nawat word for child: "Cipit" or "Cipote". Some also relate his name to the deity Xipe Totec

Cipitio is represented as liking to eat ashes, throwing pebbles to beautiful ladies, and likes to eat a variety of banana Banana called "Guineo Majoncho". He could also "Teleport Teleport anywhere he wants.

Salvadoran myths

Alberto Masferrer (1868 - 1932) poets and writers is .

He also occupied public office and was consul to Belgium for a period of time. Some of his works are: Ensayo sobre el Destino (Essay on Destiny), Las 7 Cuérdas de la Lira (The 7 strings of the Lira) Dinero Maldito (Cursed Money).

Salvador Salazar Arrué (Salarrué - 1899 - 1975). 1926 Salarrué travelled to the United States to study art. His first book entitled Cristo Negro (Black Christ) was published in 1926.Cuentos de Cipotes published in 1945 Cuentos de Barro published in 1939.

Cuentos de Cipotes is a compilation of children stories composed by him which display the rich human perspectives of life as well as his childish visions.

Salvadoran Literature

Salvadoran Literature

Roque Dalton (1935-1975) poet, essayist, intellectual and revolutionary.Author of eighteen volumes of poetry and prose, one of which (Taverna y otros poemas) received a Casa de las Américas prize in 1967, his work combines fierce satirical irony with a humane and exuberant tenderness. Like you (Como tu)

I, like you,love love, life, the sweet delightof things, the bluelandscape of January days.

Also my blood bubbles overlaughing through my eyeswhich have known the rush of tears.I believe the world is beautiful,

that poetry is, like bread, for everyone.

And that my veins don’t end in mebut in the unanimous bloodof those who struggle for life,love,things,countryside and bread,poetry for everyone.

-Roque Dalton

Question ?? cmsalinas20@yahoo.com