El ABC del Tutor Virtual

7/22/2019 El ABC del Tutor Virtual

1/15

AMVHFFGMB HBPGVBMPHLBMC WBHUGVQHPX

AWVM[ML

Gc MFA `gc Putlr Uhrtumc

Mutlrm; Xm`hrm Uhatlrhm Ilrm

@hahgifrg 6:=1


2/15

Gc MFA `gc Putlr Uhrtumc Zmdg =

Gc MFA `gc Putlr Uhrtumc

Ca`m. Xm`hrm Uhatlrhm Ilrm*

Gstu`hmbtg Imgstrm G-cgmrbhbd. AHW. Aurmzml

gimhc; ym`hrmvhatlrhmgsarhtlrm

Jdimhc.ali

Vgsuigb;

Gc prgsgbtg gbsmyl Gc MFA gc Putlr Uhrtumc gst gcmflrm`l alb fmsg mcm rgecgxhb `g `hegrgbtgs augsthlbmihgbtls qug sg gbaugbtrmb hipcahtls gb gcmprgb`hzmkg y gbsgmbzm gb gbtlrbls vhrtumcgs, fmkl ih pubtl `g vhstm y ih rlcalil gstu`hmbtg `g cm Imgstrm G-cgmrbhbd gb Amrhffgmb Hbtgrbmthlbmc Wbhvgrshtyalb sg`g gb Aurmzml. Mc ehbmchzmr cgs gbtrgdmrg gc @gacldl `gc Putlr Uhrtumc gb cmsVg`gs Qlahmcgs, qug ng rgmchzm`l `gspus `g cggr y `hsagrbhr pdhbms gbtgrms `ghbvgsthdmahlbgs gb tlrbl mc tgim, shb lcvh`mr ih gxpgrhgbahm alil `lagbtg.

Zmcmfrms Acmvgs; Mprgb`gr, Gbsgmr, Gbtlrbl Uhrtumcgs, @gacldl, Vg`gsQlahmcgs, Putlr Uhrtumc,

Quiimry; Pnhs gssmy MFA Uhrtumc Putlr hs prgpmrg` fmsg` lb tng rgecgathlb le`heegrgbt qugsthlbs tnmt mrg hipchaht hb tng cgmrbhbd mb` tgmanhbd hb vhrtumcgbvhrlbigbts, hb iy plhbt le vhgw mb` iy rlcg ms m stu`gbt le tng Imstgr G-

cgmrbhbd hb Amrhffgmb Hbtgrbmthlbmc Wbhvgrshty fmsg` hb Aurmaml. Mt tng gb` le tngsgrvhag geegatg` tngi @gamcldug Uhrtumc Putlr hb Qlahmc Ig`hm, H nmvg im`g metgrrgm`hbd mb` `hsagrb wnlcg pmdgs le rgsgmran lb tng sufkgat, blt tl igbthlb iytgmanhbd gxpgrhgbag .

Ogywlr`s; Cgmrbhbd, Pgmanhbd, Uhrtumc Gbvhrlbigbt, @gamcldug, Qlahmc Bgtwlros,Uhrtumc Putlr.

*Chagbahm`m gb Ahgbahms Dgrgbahmcgs gdrgsm`m `g Zrgstlb Wbhvgrshty. ZrlegshlbmcHb`gpgb`hgbtg `g`ham`m m cm clauahb, `lagbahm y gbegrigrm matumcigbtg.


3/15

Gc MFA `gc Putlr Uhrtumc Zmdg 6

Hbtrlùaahb

Gc MFA `gc Putlr Uhrtumc gs ub gbsmyl gcmflrm`l pmrm auipchr alb ubmmshdbmahb mamìham `g cm Imtgrhm Gc Putlr Uhrtumc y gc Gstu`hmbtg gb Cbgm gsub mplrtg m cm prleub`hzmahb `g cm imtgrhm pgrtgbgahgbtg m cm Imgstrm g-cgmrbhbd

`g Amrhffgmb Hbtgrbmthlbmc Wbhvgrshty alb sg`g gb Aurmzml.

Gb albsgaugbahm gc gbsmyl prgtgb`g sgr imtgrhmc `g `hvucdmahb y gbsgmbzm pmrmimbgkmr cm tutlrm vhrtumc gb cms rg`gs slahmcgs.

Zmrm mcambzmr tmcgs prlpshtls sg rgmchzl ub imtgrhmc sgbahccl y `hàthal qugalbtrhfuyg m ubm eahc aliprgbshb `gc tgim.

Gstm hbhahmthvm sg pmsgm plr cm Gùamahb vhrtumc y sus Albagptls, cg shdugb cmsPgablcldms `g Hbelrimahb y Aliubhamahb (PHA) y Gùamahb, pmrm cugdl hr mcAmipus Uhrtumc y rgpmsmr ub plal slfrg Mb`rmdldhm, mcc sg `gthgbg fmstmbtg pmrm

nmfcmr `gc Putlr Uhrtumc, su cmflr, gtmpms y amrmatgrsthams nmstm ccgdmr m cm FugbmZrmatham `g cm Gùamahb Uhrtumc y cms Vg`gs Qlahmcgs, plr ucthil pcmbtgm ub@gacldl `gc Putlr Uhrtumc y ub @gacldl `gc Putlr Uhrtumc gb cms Vg`gs Qlahmcgs.

Gb aumbtl m cm tmrgm `g hbvgsthdmr slfrg gc tgim, sg usmrlb cls rgaursls mshdbm`lsplr cm tutlrm `g cm imtgrhm cm @rm. Imhcgb Amimamrl y sg fusal m`hahlbmcigbtgimtgrhmc gùamthvl rgegrgbtg mc tgim gb cm Tgf.

Vgalblzal qug rgalphcmr hbelrimahb y cugdl mrimr gc gbsmyl bl eug tmrgm eahc ygc thgipl mshdbm`l pmrm rgmchzmrcl ig eug hbsuehahgbtg mc auipchr cm igtm. Pl`ls

smfgils qug gstu`hmr hipcham nmagrcl alil `gfg sgr y gcmflrmr ub gbsmylrgquhgrg sgcgaahb `g imtgrhmc gsarhtl, cggr y cugdl sgbtmrsg m mrimr cm h`gm pmrmhrcg `mb`l elrim m cl qug sgr gc trmfmkl ehbmc.

Gbnlrmfugbm cm igtm gstm auipch`m y mc mcambag `g tl`ls, gsm gs cm imylr vgbtmkm`g cm vhrtumch`m`.

G@WAMAHB UHVPWMC. ALBAGZPLQ

Cm Gùamahb thgbg plr ehbmch`m` ccgvmr m cm pgrslbm m rgmchzmr su prlphmpgrslbmch`m`, `m`l qug gs tl`l mqugccl qug albtrhfuyg m prlygatmr cms nmfhch`m`gs,mpthtu`gs y plshfhch`m`gs `gc hb`hvhùl, y m argmr, alrrgdhr y lr`gbmr sus h`gms,nfhtls y tgb`gbahms.

Uhrtumch`m` shdbheham imbgkmr pgrslbms qug bl pug`gb vgrsg y qug bl pug`gbalbtrlcmrsg plrigblrhzm`migbtg. Gstm acmsg `g dgsthb y albtrlc rgiltl slclpug`g cldrmrsg aumb`l cm albehmbzm ahraucm gb mifms `hrgaahlbgs.


4/15


Wb imgstrl gs ub c`gr, plr cl qug sh ub imgstrl gstm gb ub mucm prgsgbahmc l gbub mucm vhrtumc, gstl bl amifhm. Qlcl qug ub mucm vhrtumc thgbg ubm sgrhg `gprltlalcls m sgduhr tmbtl plr gc tgabcldl, gc pg`mdldl, gc allr`hbm`lr vhrtumc y clsgstu`hmbtgs auipcgb su rlc alil tmc.

Cm WBGQAL (=88>) gb su hbelrig iub`hmc `g cm gùamahb, sgmcm qug;

cls Gbtlrbls Uhrtumcgs `g Mprgb`hzmkg (GUM) albsthtuygb ubm elrim `g tgablcldmgùamthvm y lergag ubm alipcgkm sgrhg `g lplrtubh`m`gs y tmrgms m cms hbsthtuahlbgs`g cm gbsgmbzm.

Cm elrimahb `gc mcuibl aumb`l sg `hsgm ub aursl alb gc usl `g cms bugvmstgablcldms sg ccgvm m amfl ubm pcmbgmahb `gc prlygatl gùamthvl, sg pcmbtgmblfkgthvls, `gsmrrlccl `g albtgbh`ls, ig`hls m uthchzmr y mathvh`m`gs, gbtrg ltrls.

Gc "`lagbtg `gsgm`l" l gc "`lagbtg gehamz" slb amrmatgrhzm`ls alil ub sukgtl

plchvmcgbtg, prlegshlbmc alipgtgbtg, --mdgbtg `g amifhl, prmathambtg rgecgxhvl,prlegslr hbvgsthdm`lr, hbtgcgatumc arthal g hbtgcgatumc trmbselrim`lr qug (Fmrtn,=88:? @gclrs y ltrls, =885? Nmrdrgmvgs, =880? Dhigbl, =886? Kubd, =880? LA@G,=88=? Qanlb, =886? WBGQAL, =88:, =88>);

@lihbm cls smfgrgs albtgbh`ls y pg`mdldmsprlphls `g su ifhtl `ggbsgmbzm? prlvlam y emahchtm mprgb`hzmkgs, mc msuihr su ihshb bl gbtrihbls `g gbsgmr shbl `g cldrmr qug cls mcuibls mprgb`mb? hbtgrprgtm ympcham ub aurrhaucui, y thgbg ampmah`m` pmrm rgargmrcl y albstruhrcl m ehb `grgsplb`gr m cms gspgahehah`m`gs clamcgs?

Gkgrag su arhtgrhl prlegshlbmc pmrm hsagrbhr y sgcgaahlbmr cls albtgbh`ls ypg`mdldms is m`gaum`ls m am`m albtgxtl y m am`m drupl?

Aliprgb`g cm aucturm y cm rgmch`m` clamcgs, y `gsmrrlccm ubm gùamahbfhchbdg g hbtgraucturmc gb albtgxtls fh y pcurhchbdgs?

@gsmrrlccm ubm pg`mdldm mathvm, fmsm`m gb gc `hcldl, cm vhbaucmahbtglrm-pratham, cm hbtgr`hsahpchbmrhg`m`, cm `hvgrsh`m`, gc trmfmkl gb gquhpl?


5/15


Zmrthahpm, kubtl alb sus alcgdms, gb cm gcmflrmahb `g ub prlygatl g`uamthvlpmrm su gstmfcgahihgbtl gsalcmr, albtrhfuygb`l m pgrehcmr ubm vhshb y ubmihshb hbsthtuahlbmc, y m argmr ub achim `g allpgrmahb y ubm aucturm`gilartham gb cm gsaugcm?

Prmfmkm y mprgb`g gb gquhpl, trmbshtmb`l `g cm elrimahb hb`hvh`umc y eugrm`g cm gsaugcm m cm elrimahb `gc gquhpl gsalcmr y gb cm prlphm gsaugcm?

Hbvgsthdm, alil il`l y mathtu` pgrimbgbtg `g mprgb`hzmkg, m ehb `g fusamr,sgcgaahlbmr y prlvggrsg mutblimigbtg cm hbelrimahb rgqugrh`m pmrmsu `gsgipgl alil `lagbtg?

Plim hbhahmthvms gb cm pugstm gb imranm y `gsmrrlccl `g h`gms y prlygatlshbblvm`lrgs, ampmags `g sgr slstgbh`ls, hrrm`hmrsg ghbsthtuahlbmchzmrsg? rgecgxhlbm arthamigbtg slfrg su pmpgc y su prathampg`mddham, cm shstgimthzm y alipmrtg gb gspmahls `g Hbtgr-mprgb`hzmkg? lmsuig ub aliprlihsl thal `g alngrgbahm gbtrg cl qug prg`ham y cl qugnmag, fusamb`l sgr gkgipcl pmrm cls mcuibls gb tl`ls cls r`gbgs?

@gtgatm lplrtubmigbtg prlfcgims (slahmcgs, megathvls, `g smcu`, `gmprgb`hzmkg) gbtrg sus mcuibls, cls `grhvm m quhgb alrrgsplb`g l fusam cmsslcuahlbgs gb am`m amsl?

@gsmrrlccm y myu`m m sus mcuibls m gsmrrlccmr cls alblahihgbtls, vmclrgs ynmfhch`m`gs bgagsmrhls pmrm mprgb`gr m alblagr, mprgb`gr m nmagr,mprgb`gr m vhvhr kubtls, y mprgb`gr m sgr?

@gsmrrlccm y myu`m m sus mcuibls m `gsmrrlccmr aumch`m`gs

albsh`grm`ms hb`hspgbsmfcgs pmrm gc euturl tmcgs alil argmthvh`m`,rgagpthvh`m` mc amifhl y cm hbblvmahb, vgrsmthch`m` gb gc alblahihgbtl,mbthahpmahb y m`mptmfhch`m` m shtumahlbgs amifhmbtgs, ampmah`m` `g`hsagrbhihgbtl, mathtu` artham, h`gbthehamahb y slcuahb `g prlfcgims?


6/15


Hipucsm mathvh`m`gs gùamthvms is mcc `g cm hbsthtuahb gsalcmr,hbalrplrmb`l m cls qug bl gstb, rgaupgrmb`l m cls qug sg nmb h`l, ymtgb`hgb`l m bgagsh`m`gs `g cls pm`rgs `g emihchm y cm aliubh`m` alil ubtl`l?

Qg magptm alil "mprgb`hz pgrimbgbtg" y sg trmbselrim gb "c`gr `gcmprgb`hzmkg", imbtgbhb`lsg matumchzm`l gb sus `hsahpchbms y mtgbtl m`hsahpchbms bugvms?

Qg mfrg m cm hbalrplrmahb y mc imbgkl `g cms bugvms tgablcldms tmbtl pmrm-- ehbgs `g gbsgmbzm gb gc mucm y eugrm `g gccm alil pmrm su prlphlmprgb`hzmkg pgrimbgbtg?

Qg hbelrim rgducmrigbtg drmahms m cls ig`hls `g aliubhamahb y ltrmseugbtgs `g alblahihgbtl, m ehb `g myu`mr gb cm aliprgbshb `g cls drmb`gstgims y prlfcgims `gc iub`l albtgiplrbgl?

Zrgpmrm m sus mcuibls pmrm sgcgaahlbmr y uthchzmr arthamigbtg cmhbelrimahb prlplrahlbm`m plr cls ig`hls `g aliubhamahb `g imsms?

Zrlphahm bugvms y is shdbhehamthvms elrims `g pmrthahpmahb `g cls pm`rgs`g emihchm y cm aliubh`m` gb cm vh`m `g cm gsaugcm?

Gst mtgbtl y gs sgbshfcg m cls prlfcgims `g cm aliubh`m`, y sgaliprligtg alb gc `gsmrrlccl clamc? rgsplb`g m cls `gsgls `g cls pm`rgsrgspgatl m cls rgsuctm`ls gùamahlbmcgs, m cm bgagsh`m` slahmc `g ub

maagsl is mipchl m cm gùamahb y m cms prgshlbgs gb emvlr `g ubmpmrthahpmahb is `gilartham gb cms gsaugcms (LA@G, =88=)?

Gs pgrahfh`l plr cls mcuibls m cm vgz alil ub mihdl y ub il`gcl, mcduhgbqug cgs gsauanm y cgs myu`m m `gsmrrlccmrsg (WBGQAL, =885).


7/15


PHA X G@WAMAHB

Mc nmfcmr `g vhrtumch`m` rgquhgrg hbù`mfcgigbtg nmagr rgegrgbahm m cmsPgablcldms `g Hbelrimahb y cm Aliubhamahb y gc mfmbhal `g plshfhch`m`gs qugnmy gb ub aliputm`lr y cls Gbtlrbls Uhrtumcgs `g Mprgb`hzmkg.

Albsh`grl qug cls Gbtlrbls Uhrtumcgs `g Mprgb`hzmkg gstb ccgbls `g ngrrmihgbtmsqug nmagb plshfcg gc mucm `g acmsg y `hvgrsheham cm legrtm gùamthvm.

Nly `m, sg nmfcm `g gùamahb prgsgbahmc, gùamahb m `hstmbahm y gùamahbvhrtumc. Iuy magrtm`ls eugrlb Ilrmb y Iyrchdgr (=888); Qlspganmils qug cls `ms`g cm gùamahb m `hstmbahm alil tmc gstb albtm`ls. Wb hbgstmfcg prlfcgithal yprlagsl `g amifhl gstm gb imranm. Cls itl`ls y shstgims `g gùamahb m`hstmbahm gstb albvgrdhgb`l alb mqugccls `g cm gbsgmbzm amrm m amrmeugrtgigbtg hbecugbahm`ls plr cms tgablcldms gcgatrbhams. Gstg prlagsl arggilsqug trmbselrimrm cm gbsgmbzm y gc mprgb`hzmkg `g cm Wbhvgrsh`m` plr alipcgtl,bl slcl mm`hgb`l mcdl `g gbsgmbzm gb cbgm mcc. Cms albshdbms slb ecgxhfhch`m`,agbtrmrsg gb gc gstu`hmbtg, mprgb`hzmkg gb cm rg`, amch`m` y gehahgbahm.

@g cl `hanl plr gccls vly m nmagr bemshs gb agbtrmrsg gb gc gstu`hmbtg? plrqugsuplbg bugvls gbtlrbls, bugvls gbelqugs, `hsgmrcls g hipcgigbtmrcls pmrmargmr gspmahls `g mucms vhrtumcgs pmrm cm gbsgmbzm/mprgb`hzmkg y maagsl mslahmfhchzmr g hbtgramifhmr alblahihgbtls. Cm rmzb, iuy sgbahccm `gtgatl cmbgagsh`m` `g `lagbtgs vhrtumcgs amcheham`ls y qug nmb `g gstmr gb elrimahbalbthbum (rgaur`gsg gstmils gb cm grm `hdhtmc) `gs`g ub gbelqug pg`mddhal.

@g bm`m sgrvhr susthtuhr plr cms bugvms ngrrmihgbtms `g mprgb`hzmkg (anmt, fcld,elrls, rg`gs slahmcgs, gbtrg ltrls) shbl sg trmbselrim gc gbtlrbl `g mprgb`hzmkg albgc usl `g gstrmtgdhms m`gaum`ms pmrm imbtgbgr gc `gfgrsgry bl pgr`gr cmamch`m` `g cm `lagbahm alil blrtg `gc alipmrthr y gc allpgrmr.

Cls amifhls slahmcgs bl slb eahcgs `g `hdgrhr, gs pmrtg `g cm gvlcuahb nuimbm yrgprgsgbtmb ùrms prugfms pmrm gc sgr nuimbl. Gb gc shdcl ^^H cm gùamahb blgsampm m gccl y gb gstls cthils `hgz mls quhgbgs nmb tgbh`l xhtl gb cmgùamahb vhrtumc slb mqugccls qug nmb agbtrm`l su Il`gcl `g Gbsgmbzm gb gcmcuibl y bl lcvh`mrlb cm gsgbahm `gc fugb `lagbtg.

Mqu amfg ubm prgdubtm ]u suag`g aumb`l cls hbstruatlrgs y cls gstu`hmbtgs sggbaugbtrmb slcl m trmvs `g ubm pmbtmccm y cm imylrm `g cms vgags gs gb thgiplbl rgmc< Cm rgspugstm nmag qug gb ih igbtg slcl phgbsg gb rgsplb`grmsgrthvmigbtg. @hsplbgils `g ubm slcm lpahb argmr ub il`gcl gùamthvlmplym`l gb cms rg`gs `g elrimahb. Gb pmcmfrms `g Nmbbm (=88>);

Wb il`gcl `g elrimahb `g hbsthtuahlbgs prhvm`ms `hrhdh`ms m mùctls.


8/15


AMIZWQ UHVPWMC X MB@VMDLDHM

Cm gùamahb mb`rmdldham gs ubl `g cls igram`ls is gigrdgbtgs gb cmgùamahb vhrtumc? ym qug lpgrmb nmahm ub sgatlr `gtgrihbm`l. Cm acmvg pmrm sgrgxhtlsl gb gstm imtgrhm gs cm imbgrm gb qug sg hbsphrmb, cm imbgrm `g albagfhr cm

rgcmahb prlegslr-mcuibl y m imbgrm `g gbtgb`gr cm gbsgmbzm.

Zmrm Macmrmr y gvhtmr pmrm`lkms ig gstly rgehrhgb`l mc mprgb`hzmkg ecgxhfcg.

Ilrmb y Iyrchbdgr (6:::) `gehbhgrlb gc mprgb`hzmkg ecgxhfcg alil;

cls gbelqugs `g gbsgmbzm y mprgb`hzmkg qug gstb agbtrm`ls gb gc mcuibl, alb

drm`ls `g chfgrtm` gb gc thgipl, cudmr y itl`ls `g gbsgmbzm y mprgb`hzmkg, yqug uthchzmb cms tgablcldms mprlphm`ms gb ub gbtlrbl `g rg`.

@g mqu sg `gùag gbtlbags, qug cm fmsg `gc mprgb`hzmkg gb cm gùamahb vhrtumc

gs rgalblagr cm hiplrtmbahm `g cm hbtgrmaahb, gc albtmatl gbtrg prlegslr y mcuiblalb usl `g cls Gbtlrbls Uhrtumcgs `g Mprgb`hzmkg (GUM).

Cms ngrrmihgbtms `g cm gùamahb vhrtumc prlplrahlbmb amch`m` m cm hbtgrmaahbhb`hvhùmc `g cls mcuibls alb cls imtgrhmcgs `g mprgb`hzmkg.

Vgpmsgils gc albagptl `g Gùamahb Mb`rmdldham;

Gthilcdhamigbtg mb`rmdldm nmag rgegrgbahm m mbtrlpls (nlifrg) plralbtrmplshahb m cm pg`mdldm qug nmag rgegrgbahm mc pmh`ls (bhl).

Cm mb`rmdldm m`quhrh ub drmb `gsmrrlccl nmstm cls mls sgsgbtm pgrl, `gspus,su gxagshvm hb`gpgb`gbahm rgspgatl m cms tglrms dgbgrmcgs `gc mprgb`hzmkg yslfrg tl`l su albtrmplshahb shstgitham m cm pg`mdldm cm prgahphtmrlb gb ubmhscmihgbtl qug cm nhzl igbls egaub`m `g cl gspgrm`l. Qhb gifmrdl, mubqug cmpmcmfrm alil tmc nmym am`l gb `gsusl, cms mplrtmahlbgs `g tl`l gc ilvhihgbtlmb`rmddhal m cm gùamahb `g pgrslbms mùctms nmb tgbh`l y shdugb tgbhgb`l ubmdrmb trmsagb`gbahm.

Cm mb`rmdldm sg `gehbh, gb sus lrdgbgs, alil ubm pg`mdldm hbvgrth`m. Cmpratham mb`rmddham grm albagfh`m alil gc rgvgrsl `g cm pratham pg`mddham.

Nmam rgegrgbahm pgrimbgbtg m cms amrmatgrsthams `g cm pg`mdldm, alil tglrm ypratham gùamthvm hbembthc, pgrl pmrm bgdmrcms gb cm mb`rmdldm alil tglrm ypratham gùamthvm alb pgrslbms mùctms.

Cm hbvgsthdmahb slfrg gc mprgb`hzmkg mùctl sg `hvh`h gb cls mls vghbtg gb `lsdrmb`gs alrrhgbtgs; cm ahgbteham y cm nuimbhstm. .


9/15

Gc MFA `gc Putlr Uhrtumc Zmdg >

Cm alrrhgbtg ahgbteham gstuvl hrhdh`m plr Pnlb`hog, qug pufcha gb =86> MùctCgmrbhbd y gb =817 Mùc Hbtgrgsts. M gstm alrrhgbtg pgrtgbgag tmifhb NgrfgrtQlrgbslb, qug pufcha gb =81> Mùct Mfhchgs.

Cm alrrhgbtg nuimbhstm is utpham, `gblihbm`m tmifhb mrtstham, gstuvl

ch`grm`m plr Chb`gimb, quhgb pufcham gb =865 Png Igmbhbd le Mùct Gùamthlb, gbcm qug gstmfcgag ubm sgrhg `g prhbahphls igtl`lcdhals slfrg cm gùamahb `gmùctls.

Gc mprgb`hzmkg mùctl gst agbtrm`l slfrg cm rgmch`m` y cm gxpgrhgbahm gs ub ematlracmvg.

GC PWPLV UHVPWMC

Alb cm Tgf, cls Gbtlrbls Uhrtumcgs `g Mprgb`hzmkg (GUM) mpmrgagb aliltgablcldms gigrdgbtgs pmrm mplymr cm cmflr `lagbtg, prlclbdmb`l cm acmsgtrm`hahlbmc is mcc `g cms erlbtgrms `gc mucm, m`gis `g sgr thcgs pmrm qug cls`lagbtgs pug`mb albthbumr alb su elrimahb mamìham plshfhchtmb`l gcmprgb`hzmkg alcmflrmthvl, cm rgecgxhb alb ltrls y cm hbtgrmaahb alb sus pmrgs. Gbrgcmahb mc rlc `gc tutlr vhrtumc sg pcmbtgmb bugvms alipgtgbahms y nmfhch`m`gs. Wbm`g cms amrmatgrsthams gsgbahmcgs gs gstmr prgpmrm`l pmrm dgbgrmr ub `hcldlgegathvl alb cls pmrthahpmbtgs y gbtrg cls pmrthahpmbtgs, `g il`l qug sg emvlrgzamgc mprgb`hzmkg mathvl, cm albstruaahb `gc alblahihgbtl allpgrmthvl y alcmflrmthvl,plr cl qug sg rgquhgrg ilbhtlrgl y il`grmahb `g cls drupls `g trmfmkl.

Cls tutlrgs vhrtumcgs slb prlegshlbmcgs eub`migbtmcgs gb gc xhtl `g cmsgxpgrhgbahms `g gbsgmbzm y elrimahb qug uthchzmb Aliubhamahb Ig`hm`m plrAliputm`lr, pmrm cm alcmflrmahb ym qug sg rgquhgrg ub pmpgc `hegrgbtg `gcprlegslr, is agrambl mc mcuibl, pmrm plbgr gc bemshs gb gc prlagsl hbtgcgatumc`gc mcuibl y gb gc mprgb`hzmkg gb alcmflrmahb.

Zmtrhahm Wdmz (6::7) .Gb cm gùamahb vhrtumc, gc tutlr gst shgiprg prgsgbtg gb

gc mucm, y gs prgahsmigbtg plr gccl qug mplstmils plr ubm prgsgbahm mathvm,dgbgrm`lrm `g mprgb`hzmkgs shdbhehamthvls, alcmflrm`lrm, ilthvm`lrm.

Wbl `g cls prhbahpmcgs rlcgs `gc tutlr gs gc `g il`grm`lr `g cm `hsaushb. Fmrfgr

y ltrls (6::=) nm shbtgthzm`l cms tmrgms gc il`grm`lr gb gc `gsmrrlccl g cm`hsaushb gb trgs gtmpms;

Zcmbhehamahb. Hbtgrvgbahb gb gc `gsmrrlccl. Ahgrrg.


10/15


Gb cm gtmpm `g pcmbhehamahb gc il`grm`lr prgpmrm cm `hsaushb y cls gcgigbtls qugpug`gb myu`mr m il`grmrcm. Qg fmsm gb hb`hamahlbgs qug emahchtmb cm hbtgrvgbahb`g cls pmrthahpmbtgs. Gb cm sgdub`m gtmpm, sg prlùag gc hbtgramifhl yalbstruaahb `gc alblahihgbtl, plr cl qug gc il`grm`lr gs gc gbamrdm`l `grgtrlmchigbtmr cm `hsaushb pmrm qug cm ihsim tlig gc ruifl `gsgm`l. Gb cm

tgragrm gtmpm, rgmchzm gc ahgrrg `g cm `hsaushb, ltlrdmb`l ub rgsuigb `g clsprhbahpmcgs mplrtgs qug albtrhfuygb m cm albstruaahb `gc mprgb`hzmkg alcmflrmthvl.

Qmcilb (6:::) hbalrplrm gc albagptl `g g-Il`grmtlr pmrm rgegrhrsg m ub tutlrgspgahmchzm`l gb il`grmahb y gc g-Il`grmthbd, pmrm rgegrhrsg mc prlagsl `gil`grmahb prlphmigbtg `hanl. Cms gtmpms qug prliugvg slb ahbal, m smfgr;

Maagsl y Ilthvmahb. Qlahmchzmahb. Alipmrthr hbelrimahb.

Albstruaahb `g alblahihgbtl. @gsmrrlccl.

Mnlrm fhgb, cls il`grm`lrgs bgagshtmb `gsmrrlccmr nmfhch`m`gs gb cls aumtrlifhtls? fhgb sgm nmfhch`m`gs pg`mddhams, slahmcgs, tabhams y mìhbhstrmthvmspmrm `gsmrrlccmr ub pcmb `g trmfmkl gb ub gbtlrbl vhrtumc `g mprgb`hzmkg. Gc tutlrgs gc qug malipmm, ig`hm y rgtrlmchigbtm mc pmrthahpmbtg? gs gc gbamrdm`l `gdgsthlbmr gc mprgb`hzmkg drupmc g hb`hvhùmc, plr cl qug rgquhgrg plsggr nmfhch`m`gsslahmcgs qug cg pgrihtmb argmr ub mifhgbtg `g mprgb`hzmkg hbtgrmathvl, gipthal,dgbgrmb`l qug cm `hstmbahm dgldreham sgm am`m vgz igbls bltlrhm. Gb cl tabhal y

mìhbhstrmthvl, tgbgr nmfhch`m`gs gb gc usl `g cms ngrrmihgbtms tgablcdhams qugprlvgm gc gbtlrbl vhrtumc y qug cg pgrihtmb rgmchzmr gc sgduhihgbtl `gc pmrthahpmbtg ymìhbhstrmr cls drupls `g trmfmkl.

@g gstm imbgrm, tlimb`l gb augbtm cms eubahlbgs qug `gfgb auipchr cls tutlrgsvhrtumcgs, sg pug`gb `gtmccmr sus amrmatgrsthams fshams;

Qch`m elrimahb mamìham. Qgr gxpgrtls gb gc imbgkl `g cms ngrrmihgbtms tgablcdhams y plsggr

m`gaum`m gxpgrhgbahm gb gbtlrbls vhrtumcgs `g mprgb`hzmkg. 1. Zl`gr `gsmrrlccmr cms shduhgbtgs nmfhch`m`gs slahmcgs;

l pthim ig`hmahb `g cls imtgrhmcgs, emahchtmb`l cm cgaturm y duhmb`lmc pmrthahpmbtg nmahm gc mutlmprgb`hzmkg.

l Ilthvmahb qug dgbgrg `hcldl y rgecgxhb gb gc drupl.l Gvhtmr cms mbshg`m`gs `gc drupl, prlùatl `g cm `hstmbahm gb cm qug sg

gbaugbtrmb cls pmrthahpmbtgs.


11/15

Gc MFA `gc Putlr Uhrtumc Zmdg =:

l Dgbgrmr ubm hbtgrmaahb pgrimbgbtg gbtrg cls pmrthahpmbtgs mpgcmb`lm rgaursls hbblvm`lrgs alil tmccgrgs vhrtumcgs, elrls `g thpl slahmc(ahfgrame, tmfcb `g mbubahls), hbtgramifhl `g gxpgrhgbahms.

l Zlbgrsg pgrimbgbtgigbtg gb gc cudmr `gc mcuibl, aliprgb`hgb`lcm plshahb `g quhgb sg shgbtg ergbtg m ubm pmbtmccm m `gsmrrlccm ubm

mathvh`m` cgkls `g cm prgsgbahm `gc prlegslr.l Hbstmr m cm elrimahb `g drupls hbtgrmathvls, ym sgm plr ig`hl `g

sgshlbgs `g Anmt, elrls `g `hsaushb, m`gis `g cls gxhstgbtgslehahmcigbtg, chstms `g `hstrhfuahb, gbtrg ltrms ngrrmihgbtms

l Zrlilvgr cm hbquhgtu` plr cm hbvgsthdmahb y prleub`hzmahb `galblahihgbtls.

l M`mptmrsg m cms `hehauctm`gs l shtumahlbgs `hvgrsms qug pug`mbpcmbtgmrsg gb gc `gsmrrlccl `g cms mathvh`m`gs prlpugstms u ltrms qugpu`hgrmb surdhr gb gc prlagsl.

l

Imbtgbgr ub trmtl alr`hmc alb gc pmrthahpmbtg. Qgr mtgbtl gb cmsaliubhamahlbgs y iuy pmahgbtg. Pgbgr gb augbtm qug cls thgipls ycls prlagsls `g aliubhamahb bl slb hdumcgs pmrm tl`ls clsgstu`hmbtgs. Vgspgtmr cls rhtils `g mprgb`hzmkg `g am`m pmrthahpmbtg

l Umclrmr prleub`migbtg gc gbtlrbl vhrtumc `lb`g sg `gsgipgm ytrmbsihthrcl m su drupl.

l Gxpchamr cls albtgbh`ls `g imbgrm sgbahccm, gb cls iligbtls qugargm lplrtubl.

l Lergagr pgrimbgbtgigbtg su myu`m y nmagr sgbthr su prgsgbahmaliubhamahlbmc.

l Mbhimr m cls gstu`hmbtgs m qug sgmb hb`gpgb`hgbtgs y qug sgmrrhgsdugb gb gc `gsmrrlccl `g `hvgrsms mathvh`m`gs.

l Alipmrthr gc prlagsl `g mprgb`hzmkg gb gc drupl.

CM FWGBM ZVAPHAM @G CM G@WAMAHB UHVPWMC X CMQ VG@GQ QLAHMCGQ

Cm hbtgrbgt gs ubm drmb rg` slahmc qug bl slcl ubg pgrslbms, drupls `g trmfmkly lrdmbhzmahlbgs gbtgrms shbl tmifhb hbelrimahb gb thgipl rgmc y mpchamahlbgsargm`ms plr cms ihsims pgrslbms. Gc vmclr `g cms rg`gs slahmcgs gb cm g`uamahbthgbg ub drmb mplrtg gb gc prlagsl gbsgmbzm/mprgb`hzmkg.

Cm chtgrmturm `hag qug Zcmtb gb gc ml 1>4 M.A eub`l ubm gsaugcm `g`ham`m m cmehclslem y cms ahgbahms. Gc itl`l ims alib grm gc `hmcldl `g cls pmrthahpmbtgs,cm prmatham albstmbtg `g cm rgecgxhb. Cm mam`gihm `g Zcmtb, eug shb `u`m ubm rg`slahmc.


12/15

Gc MFA `gc Putlr Uhrtumc Zmdg ==

@g Zcmtb mc shdcl ^^H cm gùamahb sg gbaugbtrm hbigrsm gb gc usl `g cms rg`gsslahmcgs pmrm ccgvmr m amfl gc mprgb`hzmkg alcmflrmthvl m trmvs `g cms rgcmahlbgs.Qg nmb albvgrth`l gb ub gbtlrbl bmturmc `g cls gstu`hmbtgs y gs mcc `lb`g sgdgbgrmb cls albtgbh`ls y cms albvgrsmahlbgs qug ims cg hbtgrgsmb. Gc lfkgthvl gshipucsmr gc amifhl `g rg`gs `g lahl m rg`gs `g aucturm, pmsmb`l plr gc

mprgb`hzmkg mhscm`l mc mprgb`hzmkg alcgathvl, alcmflrmthvl. Gstmils gb ubm grm, gbqug gc sgr nuimbl alifhbm hbtgchdgbahm y alblahihgbtl alb argmthvh`m` pmrmalbsgduhr mvmbags gb gc `gsmrrlccl slahmc.

Qg pcmbtgmb vmrhls rgtls, gc sgargtl rm`ham m ih pmrgagr gb qug bl nmy elriucmsidhams pmrm gccl, slcl nmy qug fusamr gstrmtgdhms `g gbsgmbzm/mprgb`hzmkg.

Zmrm gccl cl alrrgatl gs tgbgr acmrl qug gxhstgb `ls pmpgcgs hiplrtmbtgs m cm nlrm`g gùamr gb cms rg`gs slahmcgs qug slb;

Gc pmpgc gc `lagbtg gb cms rg`gs slahmcgs. Gc pmpgc `gc gstu`hmbtg gb cms rg`gs slahmcgs.

Cm ampmahtmahb lb chbg frhb`m gblrigs plshfhch`m`gs `g `gsmrrlccmr gùamahbgbimram`m gb gbelqugs albstruathvhstms, cms rg`gs slahmcgs y cms aliubh`m`gs `gprmatham y mprgb`hzmkg.

Gc `lagbtg thgbg ub pmpgc tutlrhmc plr gxagcgbahm gb ub imral `g GbtlrblsUhrtumcgs `g Mprgb`hzmkg (GUM) y gc gstu`hmbtg thgbg ub pmpgc alil argm`lr `galblahihgbtls gb ub imral alcmflrmthvl y `g mprgb`hzmkg gbtrg pmrgs.

Cms rg`gs slahmcgs gbtrmb gb gc prlagsl mc albvgrthrsg gb rgtrlmchigbtmahbhbig`hmtm, cl qug sg trmùag gb amch`m` `g cm gbsgmbzm lergahgb`l vgbtmkms tmcgsalil;

Hbig`hmtgz `g cm hbelrimahb. Phgipl rgmc. Nmfhch`m`gs `g aliubhamahb mc usmr su `grganl m rgpcham. Nmfhch`m`gs pmrm gc Prmfmkl alcmflrmthvl. Mrduigbtmahlbgs slch`ms y aliprlfmfcgs. Nmfhch`m`gs `g hbvgsthdmahb mc nmagr mplrtmahlbgs m`hahlbmcgs qug

alipcgigbtmb cm hbelrimahb. Nmfhch`m` `gc gstu`hmbtg pmrm `gsmrrlccmr cm mutlblim gb gc mprgb`hzmkg Nmfhch`m` pmrm gc mbchshs y cm sbtgshs.

Cm acmvg gstm gb alipcgigbtmr smfhmigbtg cms il`mch`m`gs shbarbhams ymshbarbhams alb alipgtgbahm y aliprlihsl slahmc alb cm gùamahb.


13/15

Gc MFA `gc Putlr Uhrtumc Zmdg =6

Mcdubms mpchamahlbgs `hàthams `g cms Vg`gs Qlahmcgs slb;

Cls mcuibls y mcuibms gvlcuahlbmb gb sus h`gms. Gc hbtgramifhl alb ltrms pgrslbms lergag cm lplrtubh`m` `g mplrtmr

aligbtmrhls.

Zgrihtg ilstrmr mc iub`l bugstrls trmfmkls g hbacusl pmrthahpmahb `g cls`gis gb gccls, mc mplrtmr lphbhlbgs, ltrls gstu`hls y/l hbvgsthdmahlbgs `ghbtgrs gb cm imtgrhm `g cm qug sg gstm nmfcm`l.

Cls mcuibls pufchamb ub tgim y cls `gis lphbmb y mplrtmb.

Gb rgsuigb cl qug laurrg mcc gs ub mprgb`hzmkg alcmflrmthvl gb ub gspmahl `ghbtgramifhl `g hbelrimahb qug eligbtm cm allpgrmahb.

@GACLDL @GC PWPLV UHVPWMC

Gc tutlr vhrtumc `gfg;

Zcmbhehamahb. Bl m cm hiprlvhsmahb, igtms acmrms. Gstruaturmahb. Acmrl y albahsl gb cm gcmflrmahb `g mathvh`m`gs. Aliubhamahb. Hbtgrmaahb albstmbtg alb cls gstu`hmbtgs. Gsthiucmahb. Vgelrzmr gc trmfmkl `g cls gstu`hmbtgs ilthvm mc drupl. Albehmbzm. Gc gstu`hmbtg gs ub mchm`l, mprgb`mils alb gccls. Qgduhihgbtl. Bl mfmb`lbmr gc rlc `lagbtg, rggvmcugils albstmbtgigbtg. Argmthvh`m`. Umrhg`m` g hbblvmahb gb cms tmrgms. Zgrthbgbahm. ]ug am`m rgaursl alipgtm m cm mathvh`m` y gstm m cls lfkgthvls. Gipmtm. ]ug sgm ub prlagsl `g mprgb`hzmkg fh`hrgaahlbmc. Imbl m imbl.

Amrhsim. Gc imgstrl gs ub c`gr, iugvg imsms @GACLDL @GC PWPLV UHVPWMC GB CMQ VG@GQ QLAHMCGQbhal g

hrrgpgthfcg cldrmb`l pmahgbahm y tlcgrmbahm pmrm mtgb`grcls.

Zgrihthr qug gbtrg cls gstu`hmbtgs pug`mb slcuahlbmr gbtrg gccls cms tmrgms

Zrlphahmr ub mifhgbtg `g mprgb`hzmkg mdrm`mfcg eligbtmr cm slahmchzmahbgbtrg cls gstu`hmbtgs, gbsgb`lcls m usmr cms rg`gs slahmcgs alil rg`gspmrm cm aucturm bl pmrm gc lahl.

Mtgb`gr m cls mprgb`hags alb milr plrqug am`m ubl `g gccls gs ub sgr

gbaligb`m`ms? ym qug gstl pgrihthr qug gccls rgalblzamb qug thgbgb gcpl`gr `g mprgb`gr y gc tutlr gs ub emahchtm`lr y ig`hm`lr `g su mprgb`hzmkg. Zcmbtgmr `g imbgrm fmcmbagm`m mathvh`m`gs hb`hvhùmcgs y drupmcgs g

mprgb`hzmkg y gstmfcgagr lpahlbgs `g bgdlahmahb ergbtg m gstms. Wthchzmr cms PHAs y rgaursls TGF 6.:, alil `hbmihzm`lrgs `gc prlagsl

gùamthvl y imbtgbgr gc `hcldl `hàthal y ig`hm`l gbtrg hbsthtuahb ygstu`hmbtg.


14/15


=:. Qgr ub tutlr shbagrl y qug alipmrtm sus gxpgrhgbahms y tmcgbtls `gimbgrm albtgxtumchzm`m mc gstu`hmbtg gb gc mifhgbtg `g mprgb`hzmkg.

Albacushlbgs

Albsh`grl hiplrtmbtg cm argmahb `g gstrmtgdhms gb cls prlagsls `g gbsgmbzmmprgb`hzmkg gb gbtlrbls vhrtumcgs;

=. Bugvls il`gcls Gùamthvls mplym`ls gb Pgablcldms `g Hbelrimahb yAliubhamahb y alb mplyl gb cms rg`gs slahmcgs.

6. Qg `gfgb gstmfcgagr prhlrh`m`gs lrdmbhzmahlbmcgs gb cm Wbhvgrsh`mÀmrhffgmb Hbtgrbmthlbmc Wbhvgrshty pmrm fusamr ub gquhchfrhl gb gcauipchihgbtl `g igtms `g cls mìhbhstrm`lrgs alb cls `g cm lrdmbhzmahb,albtmb`l alb cm `gfh`m slahmchzmahb y pmrthahpmahb `g tl`ls sus matlrgs.

1. Gs eub`migbtmc qug cls `hrgathvls `g cm Wbhvgrsh`m` Amrhffgmb HbtgrbmthlbmcWbhvgrshty slstgbdmb cm arg`hfhch`m` y albehmbzm `g cm pcmbtm mìhbhstrmthvm y`lagbtg y pgrihtmb imbtgbgr gc achim lrdmbhzmahlbmc `gsgm`l.

0. Cms plcthams, rgdcmigbtls y blrims hipugstms, `gfgb sgr `gfh`migbtgmbmchzm`ls tgbhgb`l gb augbtm cls prlagsls gxhtlsls `gc pmsm`l, gvhtmb`laligtgr cls ihsils grrlrgs y gxpcltmb`l gc tmcgbtl nuimbl y tl`ls cls

rgaursls alb qug augbtm cm hbsthtuahb.

Hbacushb, sgrhm cm pmcmfrm magrtm`m pmrm qug gbtrg tl`ls y tl`ms nmdmils `g cmgùamahb vhrtumc ub cudmr `g gbaugbtrl migbl y qug fgbgehahg m tl`ls plr hdumc.

Zmrm agrrmr cgs `gkl ubm rgecgxhb, cms pmcmfrms `g ub imgstrl mbahmbl quhgbmprgb`h m gùamr alrrgatmigbtg alb gc thgipl, qug gs gc igklr albsgkgrl y `m mgbtgb`gr gc vmclr `g cm maahb `g albstruhr, mplrtmr, igklrmr, alrrgdhr, `hag ms;

"Qglr, `mig cm eugrzm y cm smfhùrm pmrm mprgb`gr m vgr y m rgalblagr ihs

grrlrgs, pmrm uthchzmr i eugrzm y ih pl`gr pgrslbmc, pmrm sgr am`m `m mcduhgb qugsmfg argagr y gcgdhr cm maahb albstruathvm gb vgz `g cm qugkm."


15/15


Vgegrgbahms Fhfchldrehams

Fgrdls Drls, Gvlcuahb y rgtls `g cm elrimahb vhrtumc, G`htlrhmc WLA, = `glatufrg `g 6:==, HQFB 84>->0-84>>-0:5->

Ampmanl, Kls Vmemgc, Gvmcumahb `g mprgb`hzmkg gb gspmahls vhrtumcgs-tha,G`htlrhmc GALG G`hahlbgs, = `g gbgrl `g 6:==, HQFB 84>-87>-40=-=66-7

Dmram, Clrgbzl y ltrls. @g cm gùamahb m `hstmbahm m cm gùamahb vhrtumc,G`htlrhmc Mrhgc, = @g Gbgrl `g 6::4, HQFB 84>->0-100-6555-7

Ayfgrdrmehm

nttp;//www.migrhamcgmrbhbdig`hm.ali/g`hahlb-::0/75-wnhtg-pmpgrs/66:-fugbms-prmathams-gb-mifhgbtgs-vhrtumcgs-`g-mprgb`hzmkg

nttp;//amrigbvhgkl`hmz.wlr`prgss.ali/6:=1/:1/=6/gc-bugvl-prlegslr-thgbg-qug-sgr-ub-gxpgrtl-gb-alcmflrmahlb/

nttp;//www.gùtga.gs/shtgs/`gemuct/ehcgs/pufchamahlbgs/amstmbg`mym`gccchfrlpcg.pè

nttp;//www.htg.gùamahlb.gs/elrimahlb/imtgrhmcgs/=67/a`/ubh`m`\1/cm\mb`rmdldhm.nti
http://www.americalearningmedia.com/edicion-004/56-white-papers/220-buenas-practicas-en-ambientes-virtuales-de-aprendizajehttp://www.americalearningmedia.com/edicion-004/56-white-papers/220-buenas-practicas-en-ambientes-virtuales-de-aprendizajehttp://www.americalearningmedia.com/edicion-004/56-white-papers/220-buenas-practicas-en-ambientes-virtuales-de-aprendizajehttp://carmenviejodiaz.wordpress.com/2013/03/12/el-nuevo-profesor-tiene-que-ser-un-experto-en-colaboracion/http://carmenviejodiaz.wordpress.com/2013/03/12/el-nuevo-profesor-tiene-que-ser-un-experto-en-colaboracion/http://carmenviejodiaz.wordpress.com/2013/03/12/el-nuevo-profesor-tiene-que-ser-un-experto-en-colaboracion/http://www.edutec.es/sites/default/files/publicaciones/castanedayadelllibrople.pdfhttp://www.edutec.es/sites/default/files/publicaciones/castanedayadelllibrople.pdfhttp://www.ite.educacion.es/formacion/materiales/125/cd/unidad_3/la_andragogia.htmhttp://www.ite.educacion.es/formacion/materiales/125/cd/unidad_3/la_andragogia.htmhttp://www.ite.educacion.es/formacion/materiales/125/cd/unidad_3/la_andragogia.htmhttp://www.ite.educacion.es/formacion/materiales/125/cd/unidad_3/la_andragogia.htmhttp://www.ite.educacion.es/formacion/materiales/125/cd/unidad_3/la_andragogia.htmhttp://www.edutec.es/sites/default/files/publicaciones/castanedayadelllibrople.pdfhttp://carmenviejodiaz.wordpress.com/2013/03/12/el-nuevo-profesor-tiene-que-ser-un-experto-en-colaboracion/http://carmenviejodiaz.wordpress.com/2013/03/12/el-nuevo-profesor-tiene-que-ser-un-experto-en-colaboracion/http://www.americalearningmedia.com/edicion-004/56-white-papers/220-buenas-practicas-en-ambientes-virtuales-de-aprendizajehttp://www.americalearningmedia.com/edicion-004/56-white-papers/220-buenas-practicas-en-ambientes-virtuales-de-aprendizaje

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