전국대학도서관대회전국대학도서관대회2014년 6월 13일

구미리 (Miree Ku)Korean Studies Librarian

Duke University

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1. 도서관협력의현주소1.1 도서관자원공유1.2 도서관 컨소시엄형태

2. 도서관주요협력사2. 도서관주요협력사2.1 1876~1960년대초2.2 1960년대~현재

3. 도서관컨소시엄사례: TRLN

4. 미국의도서관컨소시엄에관한서베이

5. 맺음말

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1.1 도서관자원공유1.1 도서관자원공유

1.2 도서관컨소시엄형태

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¡ 소유개념의장서개발

¡ 협력개념의장서개발및자원공유§ 장소, 형태, 시스템등에구애받지않고정보및지식에접근§ 협력도서관간의자산 (asset) 공유▪ 자료 (Materials) 및정보자원 (Information resources)▪ 설비및시설 (Equipment & Facilities)▪ 인적자원 (Human resources) 및서비스 (Service)

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1) 상호대차

2) 협력장서개발

3) 공동수서3)

4) 전자자료공동구매/구독

5) 공동디지털화

6) 자료보관시설공유

7) 인적자원및서비스공유

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¡ OCLC Worldcat Interlibrary loan

¡ Borrow Direct

¡ CARLI (Consortium of Academic and Research Libraries in Illinois)’sI-Share

¡ GWLA (Greater Western Library Alliance)’s BorrowItNow¡ GWLA (Greater Western Library Alliance)’s BorrowItNow

¡ CIC (Committee on Institutional Cooperation)’s UBorrow

¡ TRLN (Triangle Research Libraries Network)’s Document Delivery Service

¡ LVIS (Libraries Very Interested in Sharing)

¡ Amigos Resource Sharing

¡ Resource Sharing Groups List by OCLC

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상호대차 속달서비스상호대차 속달서비스

BrownBrown

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BrownColumbiaCornellDartmouthHarvardMITPrincetonU of ChicagoU of PennsylvaniaYale

BrownColumbiaCornellDartmouthHarvardMITPrincetonU of ChicagoU of PennsylvaniaYale

1999년에 3개대학(콜롬비아, 유펜, 예일대학) 파일럿프로젝트로시작

1999년에 3개대학(콜롬비아, 유펜, 예일대학) 파일럿프로젝트로시작

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일리노이주의86개CARLI 멤버들의통합도서관시스템

일리노이주의86개CARLI 멤버들의통합도서관시스템

상호대차서비스상호대차서비스

GWLA 33개멤버도서관들간의상호대차서비스

GWLA 33개멤버도서관들간의상호대차서비스

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2013년 8월서비스시작2013년 8월서비스시작

미국중서부지역의미국중서부지역의

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미국중서부지역의상호대차서비스참여도서관들

미국중서부지역의상호대차서비스참여도서관들

CIC: 1958년에설립된, 미국중서부 15개대학컨소시엄

CIC: 1958년에설립된, 미국중서부 15개대학컨소시엄

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상호대차서비스(CIC 15개대학 + CRL )

상호대차서비스(CIC 15개대학 + CRL )

UborrowUborrow

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CRL (Center for Research Libraries)

Uborrow참여도서관들

Uborrow참여도서관들

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TRLN 상호대차 서비스TRLN 상호대차 서비스

LVIS:멤버상호간에비용을지불하지

LVIS:멤버상호간에비용을지불하지

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않는최초의글로벌OCLC로, 현재다양한형태의 2,700여개도서관들이참여

않는최초의글로벌OCLC로, 현재다양한형태의 2,700여개도서관들이참여

미국중서부지역의상호대차를활성화하고상호비용을지불하지않는자원공유를목적으로1993년에설립

미국중서부지역의상호대차를활성화하고상호비용을지불하지않는자원공유를목적으로1993년에설립

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•1974년미국남서부지역 22개도서관들이OCLC Access를위해연합결성

•현재 745개멤버가참여하는미국의가장큰 library resource sharing networks 중의하나

•도서관형태와연간에산등의기준에의해멤버쉽회원비가정해짐.

•1974년미국남서부지역 22개도서관들이OCLC Access를위해연합결성

•현재 745개멤버가참여하는미국의가장큰 library resource sharing networks 중의하나

•도서관형태와연간에산등의기준에의해멤버쉽회원비가정해짐.

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233개의Resource Sharing Groups233개의Resource Sharing Groups

1. Worldcat에서자료찾기2. “자료요청” 선택3. 도서관시스템이해당자료를4가지상호대차시스템에서검색

1. Worldcat에서자료찾기2. “자료요청” 선택3. 도서관시스템이해당자료를4가지상호대차시스템에서검색

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Worldcat

InRhode

Borrow Direct

easyBorroweasyBorrow

ILLiad

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¡ CRL (Center for Research Libraries)§ Global Resources Program

¡ CIC (Committee on Institutional Cooperation)

¡ 2CUL (Columbia and Cornell Libraries)¡ 2CUL (Columbia and Cornell Libraries)

¡ TRLN (Triangle Research Libraries Network)

¡ KCCNA (Korean Collections Consortium of North America)

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북미대학들의전세계지역학연구를돕기위해북미대학들의전세계지역학연구를돕기위해

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글로벌자료프로젝트로국제학술자료접속과협력장서개발추진

글로벌자료프로젝트로국제학술자료접속과협력장서개발추진

1994년 6개대학컨소시엄으로시작하여현재 14개대학참여1994년 6개대학컨소시엄으로시작하여현재 14개대학참여

Duke University

Princeton University

Duke University

Princeton University

협력장서개발특화주제협력장서개발특화주제

컨소시엄 14개멤버대학컨소시엄 14개멤버대학

¡ CRL Purchase Proposal Program

¡ CRL Shared Purchase Program

¡ NCC Multi-Volume Sets Project¡ NCC Multi-Volume Sets Project

¡ CIC Purchasing Consortium (CICPC)

¡ Cooperative Acquisition Program by the Library of Congress

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멤버들의추천과투표에의해CRL이높은가격및상호대차서비스등의어려움이있는

멤버들의추천과투표에의해CRL이높은가격및상호대차서비스등의어려움이있는

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서비스등의어려움이있는자료들을매년구입서비스등의어려움이있는자료들을매년구입

Purchase Proposal Program에서고려되었으나구입하지못한자료들을

Purchase Proposal Program에서고려되었으나구입하지못한자료들을

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구입하지못한자료들을멤버들이협력하여구입구입하지못한자료들을멤버들이협력하여구입

자료구입을추천했던기관과CRL이함께자금을지원하여공동구입. 다른멤버기관들도자발적참여및지원가능.

자료구입을추천했던기관과CRL이함께자금을지원하여공동구입. 다른멤버기관들도자발적참여및지원가능.

일본학관련자료공동수서일본학관련자료공동수서

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¡ CIC’s Consortial Licensing

¡ TRLN’s Beyond Print (Consortial E-book Acquisition)

¡ GWLA’s eBooks Interlibrary Loan Pilot

¡ CARL’s cooperative purchase or subscriptions to e-resources

¡ Collective Subscription of Korean Studies E-Resources

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비용절감, 효율성, 학술출판시장에대한영향력등이

비용절감, 효율성, 학술출판시장에대한영향력등이

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대한영향력등이목적대한영향력등이목적

전자책공동구매 /공유에대한새로운비지니스모델및라이센싱시도전자책공동구매 /공유에대한새로운비지니스모델및라이센싱시도

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전자책공급자및출판자들과의논의를통해 도서관장서개발에있어전자컬렉션으로의변화에따른효과적인 모델 추구전자책공급자및출판자들과의논의를통해 도서관장서개발에있어전자컬렉션으로의변화에따른효과적인 모델 추구

•전자책 구입및공유에있어새로운시도.•출판업자와의협력시도로서로윈윈할수있는프로그램•2014년 1월부터 33개대학전자책상호대차1년간파일럿프로젝트

•전자책 구입및공유에있어새로운시도.•출판업자와의협력시도로서로윈윈할수있는프로그램•2014년 1월부터 33개대학전자책상호대차1년간파일럿프로젝트

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한국학전자자료 공동구독 프로그램2014년현재, 13개국의67개기관이참여한국학전자자료 공동구독 프로그램2014년현재, 13개국의67개기관이참여

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¡ CRL’s World Newspaper Archive§ Online database of digitized newspapers

¡ LLMC-Digital§ Legal and government documents§ Legal and government documents

¡ World Digital Library§ International digital library

¡ OCA’s Northwest Digital Archive§ Primary resources in the Northwestern United States

¡ TRLN’s CCC (Content, Context, and Capacity) Project§ a collaborative large-scale manuscript digitization project

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§ FCLD (Five College Library Depository)

§ ReCAP (Research Collections And Preservation Consortium)

§ WRLC’s Shared Collections Facility§ WRLC’s Shared Collections Facility

§ University of California Northern Regional Library Facility

§ University of California Southern Regional Library Facility

§ Ohio Regional Library Depositories

§ New England Regional Depositories

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¡ Shared Integrated Library System§ 통합도서관시스템을통해멤버도서관들의자원및서비스공유

¡ CARL’s Alliance Digital Repository Services (ADR Services)§ 디지털콘텐츠의보관/접근을원활히하기위한서비스

Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries§ Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries¡ CARL’s Gold Rush

§ CARL이직접개발한전자자료관리시스템

¡ TRLN’s Collaborative Staffing Models§ 인적자원협력모델

¡ Sharing expertise and services§ Webinars, Research Guides, Online Tutorials, Workshops, Virtual

References

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¡ By National & International§ CRL§ OCLC

¡ By Regional§ CARL§ TRLN§ TRLN§ CIC§ GWLA§ MaRLi§ Borrow Direct

¡ One-on-one § Harvard University Libraries & MIT Libraries§ 2CUL (Columbia University Libraries & Cornell University Libraries)

¡ By Language§ KCCNA§ NCC§ LARRP

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2.1 1876~1960년대초

2.2 1960년대~현재

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1) 목록 (Cataloging)

2) 상호대차 (Interlibrary loan)

3) 수서 (Acquisition)

4) 시설 (Facility)

5) 기관협력 (institutions)

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¡ 1876년§ 색인및목록협력커미티 구성 (Committee on

Cooperation in Indexing and Cataloguing College Libraries ): 미국도서관협회 (American Library Association )Libraries ): (American Library Association )

¡ 1898년§ ALA 에서 “A Shared Indexing/Cataloging

Program”으로 analytic cards 발행 => International Index of Periodicals (H.W. Wilson Company, 1919년)

¡ 1900년§ National Union Catalog 개발

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¡ 1901년§ 최초의지역별유니언캐터로그 (regional union

catalogue) 개발: California State University¡ 1927년¡ 1927년

§ Union List of Serials in Libraries of the United States and Canada 발간

¡ 1932년§ 캐터로킹협력부서 (Cooperative Cataloging

Division) 설립: 의회도서관 (Library of Congress)

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¡ 1898년§ “책을빌려주는학교에책을빌려주겠다”는캘리포니아대학사서의제안 (willingness to lend to other libraries that would lend to the University to other libraries that would lend to the University of California)

¡ 1899년§ “도서관을위해책을빌려주는도서관 (a lending

library for libraries)” 제안§ Ernest C. Richardson, 프린스턴대학사서

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¡ 1907년§ 의회도서관 (Library of Congress)에서상호대차

(interlibrary loans)방침발표¡ 1916년¡ 1916년

§ ALA 상호대차규정 (ALA Interlibrary Loan Code)이최초로만들어짐

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¡ 1913-1914년§ Northwestern Univ. 사서가 5개기관을대표하여

South America의 11개국자료구입출장¡ 1942년

§ Farmington Plan 계획§ Farmington Plan 계획§ 외국자료의협력수서프로그램§ 1948년부터약 60여개의대학에본격적인서비스§ 유럽의학문적자료들수집에서한국전쟁이후정보가치가있는자료수집에중점

§ 자료분류, 배달지연, 환율, 국제법등의이유로1972년중단

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¡ 1946년§ 전시출판물에관한협력수서프로젝트(Cooperative

Acquisition Project for Wartime Publication)§ 의회도서관 (Library of Congress) 주도§ 113 미국기관참여§ 113 미국기관참여§ 약백만권의장서를유럽에서구입

¡ 1949년§ Midwest Inter-Library Center 발족§ 10개중서부대학참여§ 협력수서 (joint buying) 및공유컬렉션 (shared

collection)§ Center for Research Libraries의전신

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¡ 1942년§ New England Deposit Library (NFDL)§ 협력보관시설(cooperative storage facility)§ Harvard Univ.외 7개학술도서관과 4개의비학술도서관참여

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¡ 1931년§ Cooperating Libraries of Upper New York (CLUNY)§ 비공식협정§ 코넬대학교를포함한 7개기관§ Union list of periodicals § Union list of periodicals § Early English publication 마이크로필름공동구입

¡ 1931년§ Claremont Colleges Library System§ 공식협정§ Claremont Graduate School을포함한 3개기관§ 공동의주문및목록부서 (a joint order and cataloging

department)

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¡ 1935년§ Duke University and UNC Interlibrary Project§ 공식협정§ 특정주제분야장서개발§ NC State Univ. and NC Central Univ. 합류§ 멤버대학간에상호대차및다양한협력프로그램

¡ 1936년§ Joint University Libraries§ 공식협정§ Vanderbilt University를포함한 3개기관§ 멤버기관들이공동으로소유및지원하는공동대학

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§ 협력기관들의공식협정으로지역별컨소시엄(Regional Consortium)으로발전

§ 지역별컨소시엄의전국적및국제적컨소시엄(National & International Consortium)으로발전

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University of Minnesota Library에서Midwest Inter-Library Center (MILC)로보낼책들을상자에챙기고있는사진 (1951년)

http://www.crl.edu/about/h

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http://www.crl.edu/about/history

¡ Midwest Inter-Library Center (MILC) 발족§ 1949년, 10개중서부대학참여§ 협력수서 (joint buying) 및공유컬렉션 (shared collection)▪ 타도서관에서구비하지못한, 구하기어렵거나가치있는자료협력구매

¡ Center for Research Libraries (CRL)로발전¡ Center for Research Libraries (CRL)로발전§ 1960년대초, 지역적협력에서전국적 조직으로발전§ 278개의1대학, 칼리지, 리서치기관들참여하여국제적인컨소시엄으로발전▪ Collect: 미국외의지역으로부터중요/희귀자료수집▪ Preserve: 프린트및디지털아카이빙지원▪ Connect: 연구자, 도서관, 기관들과중요자료들의연결

§ 멤버쉽회원비▪ 기관의규모등을고려하여연간 $2,000~13, 000 책정▪ 최근 5년동안기관의도서관연평균비용▪ 최소 3년약정

491. Retrieved on May 23, 2014, from http://www.crl.edu/membership/members

¡ Ohio College Library Center (OCLC)§ 1967년, 오하이오주의 9개대학및칼리지참여한비영리법인발족하여 54개기관으로 1968년확대

§ 협력캐터로깅서비스 (cooperative cataloging service)§ Shared, online cataloging§ 1971년,오하이오대학도서관이OCLC를이용하여최초로 온라인§ 1971년,오하이오대학도서관이OCLC를이용하여최초로 온라인캐터로깅(online cataloging)시작

¡ Online Computer Library Center (OCLC)§ 1981년, Online Computer Library Center로이름을바꿈§ 현재 170여개국의 16, 737 개이상의멤버쉽기관들이참여1

§ Worldcat: the largest online public access catalog (OPAC)§ 멤버쉽회원비▪ OCLC 가입에는별도회원비없으나지적콘텐츠등의공헌서비스필요

501. Retrieved on May 23, 2014, from http://www.oclc.org/about/cooperation.en.html

¡ 1974년§ Research Libraries Group (RLG)▪ 4개기관 (NY Public Library, Harvard, Columbia, and

Yale)에의해설립Yale)에의해설립▪ 자료공유및비용절감의목적 (Share resources and

lower costs)

§ Research Libraries Information Network (RLIN)▪ Central union database

51

¡ “The Alliance”라고불리기도함.¡ 1974년, Colorado와Wyoming의 10개대학 13개도서관컨소시엄으로설립

¡ 주요프로젝트¡ 주요프로젝트§ Prospector: a union catalog for 42 libraries in

Colorado and Wyoming§ Cooperative purchasing: 전자자료공동구매/구독§ Digital Repository: a consortial digital repository

platform§ Gold Rush: CARL이개발한전자자료관리시스템

52

¡ Five College Consortium (FCC)§ 1965년설립§ Amherst, Mount Holyoke, Smith, Univ. of

Massachusetts Amherst (1965), and Hampshire College (1970)의 5개대학참여College (1970)의 5개대학참여

¡ 주요프로젝트§ FCLD: 보관시설공유 (Five College Library

Depository)§ 통합도서관시스템 (Shared Integrated Library

System )§ 상호대차프로그램 (Reciprocal Borrowing Program )

53

¡ 미국북서부지역의두컨소시엄의합병§ Orbis Consortium (오레곤주의 state, private, and community

college 참여)§ Cascade Consortium (워싱턴주의 publicly funded universities 참여)

§ Orbis Cascade Alliance : 현재 37 기관멤버참여§ Orbis Cascade Alliance : 현재 37 기관멤버참여

¡ 주요프로젝트§ Cooperative collection development▪ Combined 37 collections as one shared collection▪ YBP as a preferred vendor▪ Distributed print repository▪ Shared e-book collection : consortial demand-driven acquisition

§ Northwest Digital Archive (NWDA)§ Consortial Borrowing system§ Shared library management & discovery services 54

¡ WRLC§ 워싱턴메트로폴리탄지역도서관들의협력네트워크로

1987년에만들어짐§ 예산: 멤버기관들의규모와예산에따라적정회비산정+ 추가서비스에대한회비등으로구성

¡ 주요프로젝트§ Consortium Loan Service (CLS) 컨소시엄상호대차서비스§ 전자책공동구입§ Shared Collections Facility 공동보관시설§ Shared online catalog§ Integrated Library System§ Sharing expertise and services

55

¡ One Collection, One Community§ 공동장서개발 (Cooperative Collection Development)§ 통합검색 (Search TRLN)§ 상호대차서비스 (TRLN Interlibrary and Document Delivery)§ 인적자원공유. 교육및개발 (Collaborative Staffing Models)§ 인적자원공유. 교육및개발 (Collaborative Staffing Models)§ 장서보관시설공유 (High-density shelving facility: LSC)§ 전자자료라이센싱(Joint acquisition and licensing of e-resources)§ 공동디지털화프로젝트 (Collaborative Digitization Project)

¡ 멤버기관들을대표하여 TRLN이단일독립체(a single entity)로서의역할수행

¡ 노스캐롤라이나주의 4개대학 10개도서관참여

56

Triangle Research Libraries Network (TRLN)Triangle Research Libraries Network (TRLN)1) 멤버2) 역사3) 현황4) TRLN United 계획안

57

¡ Duke University (듀크대학)§ Perkins Library System§ The Ford Library§ Goodson Law Library§ Medical Center Library

¡ North Carolina Central University (노스캐롤라이나센트럴대학)§ James E. Shepard Memorial Library§ Law Library

¡ NC State University (노스캐롤라이나스테이트대학)§ NCSU Libraries

¡ University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (노스캐롤라이나주립대학: 채플힐)§ University Library§ Health Science Library§ Law Library

58

¡ 1935§ 도서관협력: Duke와 UNC 대학간의상호협력프로그램 중의하나로시작

§ 목적: Research level collection 개발¡ 1950s

§ NC State University참여¡ 1977¡ 1977

§ Triangle Universities Library Cooperation Committee (TULCC)§ 목적: 자원공유를위한기술적, 조직적지원시스템개발

¡ 1980§ TRLN (Triangle Research Library Network) § 목적: 온라인목록및도서관자동화시스템개발및유지

¡ 1995§ NC Central University 참여§ 목적: 최상의 knowledge environment를창출하기위해재정적, 인적, 및정보자원을결집

59

¡ 4개기관, 10개도서관¡ 약일천사백만권의장서¡ 천명이상의도서관직원¡ 8천만달러이상의총예산규모 (약 900억원)¡ 8천만달러이상의총예산규모 (약 900억원)¡ 매년약 4만건의대출통계¡ 7개컴미티조직 (Committees)

§ Collaborative Print Retention, Communications, Document Delivery Services, Endeca Operations, Electronic Resources, Staff Enrichment Series, and TRLN Beyond Print

¡ 4개위원회조직 (Councils)§ Collections, Human Resources, Services, and Technology

60

¡ 2010-2013 계획안

I. One research collection for one user community I. One research collection for one user community (하나의통합된컬렉션)

II. Collaborative staffing models (공동인적자원개발모델)

III. Shared digital production, access and preservation (공동디지털화, 접속및보존)

61

¡ Vision§ 컨소시움간의무제한자원공유§ 컨소시움간의자료접근장애요인제거§ 쉽고빠른배송서비스

¡ Search TRLN§ 통합검색§ 13. 7 million metadata records§ 13. 7 million metadata records

¡ Collaborative Print Retention Program§ 프린트간행물공동보존§ 2, 525 Titles / 127, 000 Volumes

¡ TRLN: Beyond Print§ E-book 공동구매를위한새로운비지니스모델및라이센싱조약개발§ Andrew W. Mellon Foundation funded project

¡ TRLN Oxford University Press Pilot Project§ Beyond Print Project 성과물 (2012-2014)§ OUP의모든전자책구입: TRLN 무제한동시접속§ 한권의프린트카피공동구입: 공동장서보관§ YBP Library Services: 복본관리및주제에따른장서개발관리 62

대출신청

각학교들의도서관웹사이트가별도로다있지만, 이렇게하나의통합검색시스템도구현해두었습니다. 검색결과어느대학이소장하고있는지결과가

대출신청

UNC 소장자료

Duke 소장자료

63

대출신청제출 (2일내에사용자도서관전달)

64

¡ print 및 e-book 협력구입§ 옥스포드대학출판사 (OUP)와 1년파일럿프로젝트§ 2012년 5월 – 2014년 4월 (1년연장)§ 멤버들의복본구입감소목적

첫해에 2,015권의 e-books 구입¡ 첫해에 2,015권의 e-books 구입§ 듀크대학: 메타데이터를만들고유지§ TRLN 통합검색과각학교도서관목록을통해 접속§ 전자책 Hyperlink를통해직접접속

¡ 첫해에 2,809권의 print구입§ UNC: 메타데이터를만들고유지§ Duke Library Service Center (depository) : 장서보관시설인 LSC에서책보관및대여됨

65

¡ 직원개발지원§ TRLN Staff Enrichment Series§ TRLN Annual Meeting§ TRLN Management Academy

¡ 전문지식및기술공유▪ TRLN 프로그램임원채용: Information Resources and Information

Technology▪ TRLN 컴미티개설: Human Resources, Information Resources, and

Information Technology▪ TRLN 공유서지기록프로그램: 기술적서비스등의공유▪ Shared Record Program▪ TRLN 멤버도서관들을대표하여한도서관이메타데이터유지책임

66

¡ 사서직공유 (Sharing Positions)§ The Librarian for South Asia▪ TRLN South Asia Collection: 협력적장서개발구축▪ Duke 및UNC의장서개발과도서관서비스제공▪ TRLN South Asian Studies 관련도서관활동지원및조직▪ TRLN South Asian Studies 관련도서관활동지원및조직▪ 2001: 첫번째TRLN South Asian Librarian 채용▪ 2011: Librarian for South and Southeast Asia 채용

§ Korean Cataloger at Duke and Librarian at UNC▪ 2014년 5월부터새로시작▪ Duke: 목록사서로서의역할수행 (22 시간)▪ UNC: 주제사서로서의역할수행 (8시간)

67

¡ 공동디지털화, 접속및보존

¡ Content, Context, and Capacity (CCC)§ TRLN의협력적대규모디지타이제이션프로젝트§ 2011 - 2014§ 2011 - 2014§ 38 종류의필사본컬렉션과기록물컬렉션들 (총 40만건의디지털자료)

§ 누구나접속가능

§ CCC 주요목적▪ 근현대필사본및기록자료들의학술적연구이용▪ 협력적인대규모디지털화▪ 디지털화 기준및지침공유▪ 기관들간의 협력적작업흐름

68

¡ Digital TRLN§ 2007-2009 계획§ Search TRLN (통합검색)§ 통합된TRLN 컬렉션을검색을통해멤버도서관들간의신속한상호대차신청가능

¡ TRLN Collaborative Print Retention§ 2008년TRLN Single Copy Program으로시작§ 선정된자료들의컬렉션공유

▪ 선정기준및과정▪ 보존기준▪ 대출및상호배차▪ 보관장소▪ 목록작업▪ 평가및통계

69

Breaking down any remaining barriers to a long-standing goal of to a long-standing goal of one research collection,

serving one user community across four distinct institutions.

70

OCLC ReportOCLC Report

U.S. Library Consortia: A Snapshot of Priorities & Perspectives

71

¡ OCLC Membership Report¡ 미국의도서관컨소시엄들: 중점화과제및전망 (U.S. Library Consortia: A Snapshot of Priorities & Perspectives)Priorities & Perspectives)§ 2012년연구조사실시§ 101 개의도서관컨소시엄리더들참여§ 컨소시엄조직구성도, 전략적계획, 당면과제, 멤버들간의소통방법등에대한연구조사및보고서

72

¡ 주요조사결과*대부분의미국도서관컨소시엄들은§ 30년이상컨소시엄유지§ 40개이상의멤버기관들이참여§ 재정적인지원이가장큰당면과제

§ 한해에적어도몇차례의직접적인미팅들을통해네트워킹기회제공

73

14

13

23

컨소시엄멤버도서관수

300 (14%)

40개이상(56%)

13

29

21

300 이상 (14%)

121~300 (13%)

41~120( 29%)

21~40 (21%)20 이하 (23%)

74

165 3

컨소시엄멤버도서관종류

다양한종류의도서관 52%

아카데믹도서관 (커뮤니티

52

24

16 아카데믹도서관 (커뮤니티칼리지와ARLs 포함) 24%

공공도서관 16%

학교, 연방, 정부도서관 5%

특별도서관 3%

75

1313

컨소시엄기간

50년이상 13%

4034

31~50년 40%

11~30년 34%

10년이하 13%

76

2212 4

컨소시엄직원

풀타임정직원 88%

88

47

22 파트타임정직원 47/5

계약직원 22%

자원자 12%

그외 4%

77

¡ 컨소시엄멤버쉽의가치

Professional networking

Cost savings

30%30%

23%23%

E-content purchasing

Shared ILS

Resource sharing

Training

Technology solutions

Professional development

12%12%

12%12%

11%11%

11%11%

10%10%

7%7%

78

22

5

2 1 1

자금원천

복합적인자금원천 69%

멤버쉽회비로만운영

69

22 멤버쉽회비로만운영22%

세금/국가자금으로만운영 5%연방자금으로만운영2%

운영조직자금으로만운영 1%

79

¡ 복합적인자금원천 (Multiple funding sources) 69% 중에서…..§ 세금/국가자금 29%§ 멤버쉽 22%§ 다른자금원천 8%§ 연방자금 4%§ 운영조직 4%§ 사적인자금 2%

80

263 2

11

컨소시엄의주요목적

자원공유 26%

협력에의한효율성증가 22%

협력을통한리더쉽 13%26

2213

8

8

73 11 협력을통한리더쉽 13%

전자자료구입 8%

아이디어/전문지식교환 8%

테크놀로지솔루션제공 7%

행정자원공유 3%

위의모든사항포함 2%

그외 11%

81

가장많이이용된컨소시엄서비스

ILL/resource sharing/document delivery 45%ILL/resource sharing/document delivery 45%ILL/resource sharing/document delivery 45%ILL/resource sharing/document delivery 45%

Cooperative purchasing 38%Cooperative purchasing 38%

Shared online catalog/union list 41%Shared online catalog/union list 41%

82

그외이용된서비스들

E-content licensing 33%E-content licensing 33%

Training 31%Training 31%

Technology Management Services 28%Technology Management Services 28%

Professional and leadership development 24%Professional and leadership development 24%

83

¡ 멤버도서관들외에혜택을받는다고생각되는곳은?

(End users) 61%§ 최종사용자들 (End users) 61%

§ 비멤버도서관들 (Nonmember libraries) 56%

84

¡ 현재의중점계획들

Licensing of e-content 37%37%

Advocacy

Improved resource sharing

Digital projects

27%27%

26%26%

24%24%

85

¡ 미래의중점계획들

Licensing of e-content 32%32%

Improved resource sharing

Digital projects

Advocacy

31%31%

30%30%

25%25%

86

8

11

52

Lack of collaboration among members

Budget/staff cuts in libraries

Funding

당면과제들 (Challenges)

4

4

6

6

6

7

7

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Resource sharing in evolving electronic …

Advocating value

Limited consortia staff

Increasing costs

Future of educaiton and the library's rol

Selecting a new "next gen" ILS system

Remaining relevant to members

87

이용자와의소통방법현재이용하는방법 현재는이용하지않으나앞으로이용할계획

70949899

141

00

WebinarsWebsite/Website Wiki

Listserv/e-mail listsConference/workshops

1416

4561

566466

70

28

129

1599

14

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Print newslettersLinkedln

TwitterBlogs

Video conferencingFacebook

E-newslettersWebinars

88

멤버들과의미팅

9 12 5 28 46Video conference

66

42

38

21

9

13

9

8

5

3

12

18

1

29

26

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

In-person

Live online (webinars)

Audio conference 1년에다수미팅

1년에 2번미팅

1년에 1번미팅

몇년에한번

전혀하지않음

89

¡ 지역별컨소시엄을통한지속적인변화및발전도모§ 통합도서관시스템 (Integrated Library System)§ 공유하는하나의컬렉션 (One Shared Collection)§ 공유하는하나의컬렉션 (One Shared Collection)§ 공동장서개발 (Cooperative Collection Development)§ 상호대차 (Reciprocal Borrowing)§ 전자자료공동구독/구매/이용 (Cooperative

acquisition, licensing and shared use of e-resources)§ 장서보관시설공유 (Cooperative Depository)

90

¡ Clapp, Verner W. "Cooperative Acquisitions." College & Research Libraries 8.2 (1947): 99-100.

¡ Kretzschmar, William A., and William Gray Potter. "Library Collaboration with Large Digital Humanities Projects." Literary and Linguistic Computing 25.4 (2010): 439-45.

¡ Lehmann, Stephen, and Patricia Renfro. "Humanists at the Keyboard: The RLIN Database as a Scholarly Resource." Computers and the Humanities 26.3, Telecommunications and the Scholar (1992): 175-80.

¡ Millard, R. "Better Together: Some Reflections on Library Cooperation and Consortia." The ANZTLA EJournal 0.5 (2013)

¡ Stevens, Norman D. "Library Networks and Resource Sharing in the United States: An Historical and Philosophical Overview." Journal of the American Society for Information Science 31.6 (1980): 405-12.

¡ Turner, Christine N. "E-Resource Acquisitions in Academic Library Consortia." 01; 2014/5 2014: 33+. Academic OneFile; Gale. Web. <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA358630619&v=2.1&u=duke_perkins&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w&asid=a4891720a23d0beed59d6c5025e4e4df>.

91

Perkins Library, Duke University

92