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ECJ Judges Conference 2005 1
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 2
Trade Mark Cases Before the
European Court of Justice
Alexander v. Mühlendahl
Vice-PresidentOffice for Harmonization in the Internal Market,
Alicante, Spain
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 3
Global figures (end 2004)
Applications 411.273Registrations 237.658Oppositions 77.163Oppositions settled 47.334Cancellations 1.084Appeals 6.459Appeals settled 5.331Actions before CFI 390CFI cases settled 160Further appeals to ECJ 32ECJ decisions 15
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 4
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice and the Court of First
InstanceThe route to the European Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance• Direct appeals - Article 63 CTMR• References for preliminary rulings pursuant to Article 234 EC
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 5
Trade Mark Cases
Substantive trade mark lawProtected subject matterConditions of protectionRights conferredExceptions to the exclusive
rights
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 6
Trade Mark Cases
Proteced subject matter - Conditions of protection - absolute grounds of refusal
Sign not capable of being CTMs
Lack of distinctivenessDescriptive characterGeneric character
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 7
Trade Mark Cases
Conditions of protectionAgainst public policy or
moralityDeceptivenessAgainst Article 6ter PCFalse geographical indication
(wines and spirits, protected DOs and GIs)
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 8
Trade Mark Cases
Procedural issuesProcedure before the OfficeProcedure before the BoardsProcedure before the CFIProcedure before the ECJ
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 9
Trade Mark Cases
Registrability issues - absolute grounds• Types of marks (Art. 4 CTMR, Art. 2 TMD)
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 10
Trade Mark Cases
Registrability issues - types of marks• Smell marks
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 11
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeSieckmann/DPMA(smell Cinnamat)Case C-273/00HearingAdvocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 6 November 2001Rapporteur MackenDecision 12 December 2002
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 12
C-273/00Sieckmann/DPMA
C6H5-CH=CHCOOCH3
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 13
Trade Mark Cases
Registrability issues - types of marks• Sound marks
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 14
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeShield Mark BV/Kist(„Für Elise“, „KUKELEKUU“)Case C-283/01Hearing 17 February 2003Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 3 April 2003Rapporteur MackenDecision 27 November 2003
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 15
C-283/01Shield Mark/Kist
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 16
C-283/01Shield Mark/Kist
« KUKELEKUUUUU » for goods
and services in cl. 9, 16, 35 and 41
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 17
Trade Mark Cases
Registrability issues - absolute grounds• colour marks
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 18
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Libertel Group/BBM („colour ORANGE“)Case C-104/01Hearing 30 April 2002Advocate General Léger 12 November 2002Rapporteur Cunha RodriguezDecision 6 May 2003
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 19
C-104/01Libertel/BBM
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 20
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Heidelberger Bauchemie GmbH/DPMA(„colour BLUE/YELLOW“)Case C-49/02Advocate General Leger 15 January 2004Rapporteur Cunha RodriguezHearing 3 November 2003Decision 24 June 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 21
C-49/02Heidelberger
Bauchemie/DPMA
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 22
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeKWS Saat AG/OHIM(„colour ORANGE“)Case C-447/02 P - T-173/00Advocate General Léger 19 May 2004Rapporteur Cunha RodriguesHearing 5 March 2004On appeal from CFIDecision 21 October 2004, confirmed
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 23
C-447/02 P - T-173/00KWS Saat AG/OHIM
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 24
Trade Mark Cases
Absolute grounds - distinctiveness
• 3D marks
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 25
Trade Mark Cases
• 3D marks - the shape of the product as a mark for the product
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 26
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Philips/Remington
(„TRIPLE-HEADED SHAVER“)Case C-299/99Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 23 January 2001Rapporteur MackenDecision 18 June 2002
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 27
C-299/99Philips/Remington
Plaintiff’s mark
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 28
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Linde AG - Case C-53/01Winward - Case C-54/01Rado - Case C-55/01Hearing 17 September 2002Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 24 October 2002Rapporteur MackenDecision 8 April 2003
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 29
C-53/01Linde
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 30
C-54/01Winward
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 31
C-55/01Rado
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 32
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Henkel KGaA / DPMALiquid wool detergent bottle (Perwoll)Case C-218/01Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 14 January 2003Rapporteur MackenHearing Decision 12 February 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 33
C-218/01Henkel /DPMA
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 34
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Dyson/UK Patent OfficeTransparent binCase C-321/03Advocate GeneralRapporteurHearing Decision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 35
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeHenkel KGaA/OHIM („TABS“) Appeal from CFI judgments of 19 September 2001 (T-335/99 and T-336/99)Joined Cases C-456, 457/01 POral hearing 2 October 2003Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 6 November 2003Decision 29 April 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 36
C-456/01 P, T-335/99Henkel KG aA
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 37
C-457/01 P, T-336/99Henkel KG aA
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 38
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeProcter & Gamble/OHIM („TABS“)joined cases on appeal from CFI judgments of 19 September 2001Cases C-468, 469, 470, 471, 472/01 PHearing 2 October 2003Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 6 November 2003Decision 29 April 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 39
C-468/02 P - T-117/00 Procter & Gamble
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 40
C-468/02 P - T-118/00 Procter & Gamble
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 41
C-470/02 P - T-119/00 Procter & Gamble
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 42
C-471/02 P - T-120/00 Procter & Gamble
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 43
C-472/02 P - T-121/00 Procter & Gamble
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 44
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeProcter & Gamble/OHIM („TABS“)Joined Cases (on appeal from CFI judgments of 19 September 2001) C-473, C-474/01 PHearing 2 October 2003Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 6 November 2003Decision 29 April 2004 (confirmed)
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 45
C-473/02 P - T-122/00 Procter & Gamble
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 46
C-474/02 P - T-129/00 Procter & Gamble
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 47
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeMag Instrument Inc./OHIM(„TORCHES“) on appeal from CFI judgment of 7 February 2002Case C-136/02 P – T-88/00Hearing 5 February 2004Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 16 March 2004Rapporteur F. MackenDecision 7 October 2004 (appeal dismissed)
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 48
C-136/02 P - T-88/00
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 49
C-136/02 P - T-88/00
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 50
C-136/02 P - T-88/00
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 51
C-136/02 P - T-88/00
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 52
C-136/02 P - T-88/00
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 53
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeGlaverbel/OHIM (Patterned glass)C-445/02 P (T-63/01)Appeal from CFI 9 October 2002HearingAdvocate GeneralAppeal dismissed by order 28 June 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 54
C-445/02 P T-36/01Glaverbel/OHIM
CTM 811281
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 55
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeProcter & Gamble/OHIM (Soap shape)C-107/03 P - T-63/01Appeal from CFI 12 December 2002Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer (no opinion)Decision 23 September 2004Appeal dismissed
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 56
C-107/03 P - T-63/01Procter & Gamble/OHIM
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 57
European Court of Justice
Eurocermex SA/OHIM („CORONA bottle“)C-286/04 P - T-399/02Case filed 29 June 2004No HearingDecision 30 June 2005ECJ confirmed
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 58
T-399/02Eurocermex SA
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 59
Trade Mark Before the European Court of Justice
3D marks in the ECJ• Pending cases
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 60
European Court of Justice
Deutsche SiSi Werke GmbH v. OHIM („Standbeutel“)Case C-173/04 P - T-146/02 - T-153/02 - R 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724. 747, 748/99-2Case filedHearing DecisionAppeal to ECJ from decision of 24 January 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 61
C-173/04 P - T-146-153/02
Deutsche SiSi-WerkeCTM 523048
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 62
European Court of Justice
August Storck KG(„Werther‘s Bonbons“)C-24/05 P - T-396/02 Case filedHearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteur Decision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 63
C-24/05 P - T-396/02“Werther’s Bonbons”
CTM 784314
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 64
European Court of Justice
August Storck KG(„Werther‘s Bonbonverpackung“)C-25/05 P - T-402/02 Case filedHearingAdvocate GeneralRaporteur Decision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 65
C-25/05 P - T-402/02“Werther’s”CTM 784454
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 66
T-398/04Henkel KGaACTM 941971
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 67
T-2/05Reckitt Benckiser
CTM 1155712
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 68
T-03/05Reckitt Benckiser
CTM 1156595
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 69
T-49/05Reckitt Benckiser
CTM 2792544
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 70
T-118/05Reckitt Benckiser
CTM 2897388
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 71
T-119/05Reckitt Benckiser
CTM 2778488
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 72
T-262/05Procter & Gamble
CTM 1683168
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 73
T-263/05Procter & Gamble
CTM 1683713
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 74
T-264/05Procter & Gamble
CTM 1684059
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 75
T-346/05Procter & Gamble
CTM 1683119
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 76
T-347/05Procter & Gamble
CTM 1683473
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 77
Trade Mark Cases
Registrability issues - absolute grounds
• Refusals based on lack of distinctive character, descriptiveness, genericness (Article 7 CTMR, Article 3 TMD)• word marks
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 78
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Windsurfing Chiemsee/Huber & Attenberger(„CHIEMSEE“)Joined Cases C-108/97 and 109/97Advocate General Cosmas 5 May 1998 Rapporteur GulmannDecision 4 May 1999
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 79
C-108, 109/97Windsurfing Chiemsee /
Huber & Attenberger
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 80
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Merz & Krell/DPMA („BRAVO“)Case C-517/99Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 18 January 2001Rapporteur MackenDecision 4 October 2001
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 81
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Campina Melkunie/BBM(„BIOMILD“)Case C-265/00Hearing 15 November 2001Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 31 January 2002Rapporteur MackenDecision 12 February 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 82
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
KPN & PTT/BBM („POSTKANTOOR“)Case C-363/99Hearing 15 November 2001Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 31 January 2002Rapporteur MackenDecision 12 February 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 83
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Nichols plc/U.K. Patent Office („Nichols“)Case C-404/02Hearing 27 November 2003Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 15 January 2004Rapporteur GulmannDecision 16 September 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 84
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Societe des produits Nestle SA/Mars UK Ltd („Have a Break …“)Case C-353/03Hearing 20 January 2005Advocate General Kokott 27 January 2005Rapporteur GulmannDecision 7 July 2005
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 85
C-353/03Nestle/Mars
32 In the final analysis, the reply to the question raised must be that the distinctive character of a mark referred to in Article 3(3) of the directive may be acquired in consequence of the use of that mark as part of or in conjunction with a registered trade mark.
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 86
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Word marks in the ECJ• References under Article 234 EC –
pending cases
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 87
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Matratzen Concord/Hukla („MATRATZEN“)Case C-421/04HearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 88
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Bovemij Verzekeringen NV/BMM („EUROPOLIS“)Case C-108/05HearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 89
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
The Kitchen Co./BMM („The Kitchen Company“)Case C-239/05HearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 90
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Word marks in the ECJ• Appeals under Article 63 CTMR -
decided cases
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 91
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Procter & Gamble Co./OHIM („BABY-DRY“)Case C-383/99 PHearing 30 January 2001Advocate General Jacobs 5 April 2001 Decision 20 September 2001
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 92
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
DKV Deutsche Krankenversicherung AG/OHIM („COMPANYLINE“)Case C-104/00 PHearing 21 March 2002Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 14 May 2002Rapporteur JannDecision 19 September 2002
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 93
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeOHIM / Wm. Wrigley Jr.(„DOUBLEMINT“)Case C-191/01 PIntervention by the United Kingdom and Germany in support of OHIMHearing 21 January 2003Advocate General Jacobs 10 April 2003Rapporteur PuissochetDecision 23 October 2003Application thereafter withdrawn
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 94
OHIM / Wm. Wrigley Jr.
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 95
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Streamserve Inc./OHIM („STREAMSERVE“)Case C-150/02 PHearing: no hearingAdvocate General JacobsRapporteur PuissochetDecision/Order 5 February 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 96
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Telefon & Buch VerlagsgmbH/OHIM („UNIVERSALTELEFONBUCH“, „UNIVER-SALKOMMUNIKATIONSVERZEICHNIS“)Joined Cases C-326/01 PHearing: no hearingAdvocate General Ruiz-Jarabo ColomerRapporteur PuissochetDecision/Order 5 Februar 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 97
C-326/01 - T-357/99 and 358/99
Telefon und Buch VerlagsgmbH/OHIM
UNIVERSALTELEFONBUCH
UNIVERSALKOMMUNIKATIONSVERZEICHNIS
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 98
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
OHIM/Zapf Creations AG („New Born Baby“)Case C-498/01 PHearing 8 January 2004Advocate General Jacobs 19 February 2004Application withdrawn
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 99
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
OHIM/Erpo Möbelwerk GmbH(„DAS PRINZIP DER BEQUEMLICHKEIT“)Case C-64/02 PHearing 5 May 2004Advocate General Poiares Maduro 17 June 2004Rapporteur TimmermansDecision 21 October 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 100
OHIM / Erpo Möbelwerkfrom Erpo website 2.4.2002
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 101
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
SAT.1 SatellitenFernsehen GmbH/OHIM („SAT.2“)Case C-329/02 P - T-323/00Hearing 8 January 2004Advocate General Jacobs 11 March 2004Rapporteur PuissochetDecision 16 September 2004Decision of CFI annulled
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 102
C-329/02 P - T-323/00SatellitenFernsehen/OHIM
SAT.2
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 103
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Alcon Inc./OHIM (Dr. Robert Winzer Pharma GmbH) („BSS“)Case C-192/03 P, T-237/01Hearing (no hearing)Advocate General Poiares MaduroRapporteur PuissochetOrder 5 October 2004Appeal from CFI decision 5 March 2002
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 104
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Audi AG/OHIM („TDI“)Case C-82/04 P - T-16/02Appeal from CFI decision 3 December 2003Application withdrawn prior to Hearing
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 105
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
OHIM/Deutsche Post Express GmbH („Europremium“)Case C-121/05 P, T-334/03Appeal from CFI decision 13 January 2005Application withdrawn
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 106
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
BioID/OHIM („BioID“)Case C-37/03 P - T-91/00HearingAdvocate General Léger 2 June 2005RapporteurDecision 15 September 2005Appeal from CFI decision 5 December 2002, decision annulled, appeal dismissed
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 107
C-37/03 P - T-91/01BioID/OHIM
BioID.
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 108
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Word marks in the ECJ• Appeals under Article 63 CTMR -
pending cases
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 109
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeOHIM/Celltech R&D Limited („CELLTECH“)Case C-237/05 P, T-260/03Appeal from CFI decision 14 April 2005Case filedHearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 110
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Wilfer/OHIM („ROCKBASS“)Case C-301/05 P - T-315/03Appeal from CFI decisionCase filedHearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 111
Trade Mark Cases
Registrability issues - absolute grounds• figurative marks
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 112
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Naipes Heraclio Fournier/OHIM – France Cartes SAS („Playing cards fig“)Case C-311/05 P - T-160-162/02Case filedHearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 113
C-311/05 P - T-160/02Naipes Heraclio/France
Cartes
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 114
C-311/05 P - T-161/02Naipes Heraclio/France
Artes
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 115
C-311/05 P - T-162/02Naipes Heraclio/France
Cartes
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 116
Trade Mark Cases
Absolute grounds• deceptive marks
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 117
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Continental Shelf 128 Ltd („Elizabeth Emanuel“)Case C-259/04HearingAdvocate General RapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 118
Trade Mark Cases
Absolute grounds• violation of public order or morality
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 119
Trade Mark Cases Before the Court of First Instance
Sportwetten GmbH Gera/OHIM – Intertops Sportwetten GmbH („INTERTOPS“ fig)Case T-140/02Filed 2 May 2002Hearing 16 February 2005Decision 13 September 2005Registrable(German betting laws not relevant)
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 120
Trade Mark Cases Before the Court of First Instance
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 121
Trade Mark Cases
Absolute grounds• Conflict with state symbols and signs of international organizations
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 122
Trade Mark Cases Before the Court of First Instance
Concept-Anlagen und Geräte GmbH/OHIM („ECA“)Case T-127/02HearingDecision 21 April 2004Refused
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 123
T-127/02Concept-Anlagen und Geräte CTM 1106402
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 124
Trade Mark Cases
Absolute grounds• Conflict with appellations of origin and geographical
indications
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 125
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Consorcio per la tutela del formaggio Gorgonzola/Käserei Champignon Hofmeister GmbH & Co. KG („GORGONZOLA/CAMBOZOLA“)Case C-87/97Advocate General Jacobs 17 December 1998Decision 4 March 1999
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 126
Trade Mark Cases
Loss of trade mark rights -generic indication
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 127
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeProcordia/Björnekulla („Bostongurka“)Case C-371/02Hearing 10 September 2003Advocate General Léger 13 November 2003Rapporteur GulmannDecision 29 April 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 128
Trade Mark Cases
Scope of protection (Article 4 and 5 TMD, Article 8 and 9 CTMR)
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 129
Trade Mark Cases
Scope of protection• Identity
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 130
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeLTJ Diffusion/Sadas Vertbaudet („ARTHUR/ARTHUR ET FELICIE“)Case C-291/00Hearing 10 October 2001Advocate General Jacobs 17 January 2002Rapporteur MackenDecision 20 March 2003
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 131
LTJ DiffusionC-291/00
ARTHUR ET FELICIE
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 132
Trade Mark Cases
Scope of protection• Likelihood of confusion• comparison of signs and
marks• comparison of goods and
services• all other circumstances
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 133
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
SABEL BV/PUMA AG („Springende Raubkatze“)Case C-251/95Advocate General Jacobs 29 April 1997 Rapporteur GulmannDecision 11 November 1997
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 134
C-291/95Sabel/Puma
Earlier marks
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 135
C-291/95Sabel/Puma
Later mark
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 136
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Canon KK/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. („CANON/CANNON“)Case C-39/97 HearingAdvocate General Jacobs 2 April 1998Rapporteur Gulmann Decision 29 September 1998
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 137
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Lloyd Schuhfabrik Meyer/Klijsen Handel BV („Lloyd/Loint‘s“)Case C-342/97HearingAdvocate General Jacobs 29 October 1998Decision 22 June 1999
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 138
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Marca Mode CV/Adidas AG(„ADIDAS THREE STRIPES“)Case C-425/98Hearing 24 November 1999Advocate General Jacobs 27 January 2000 Rapporteur GulmannDecision 22 June 2000
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 139
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Scope of protection - likelihood of confusion• References under Article 234 EC
– pending cases
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 140
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeMedion AG v. Thomson Multimedia Sales Germany & Austria GmbH („LIFE“/„THOMSON LIFE“)Case C-120/04Case filedHearingAdvocate General Jacobs 9 June 2005Rapporteur GulmannDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 141
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeLevi Strauss & Co. v. Casucci Spa („Arcuate“ stitching)Case C-145/05Case filedHearingAdvocate General RapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 142
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Scope of protection - likelihood of confusion• Appeals under Article 63 CTMR
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 143
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeMatratzen Markt Concord/OHIM („Matratzen“/„Matratzen Markt Concord“ fig)Appeal against CFI decision of 23 October 2002 Case C-3/03 P - T-6/01Hearing: no hearingAdvocate General: no opinionRapporteur MackenOrder 28 April 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 144
Matratzen Markt Concord/OHIM
C-3/03 P
MATRATZEN
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 145
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Vedial SA/OHIM - („SAINT HUBERT 41“/ „HUBERT fig“Appeal against CFI decision of 12 December 2002 Case C-106/03 P (T-110/01)Hearing : no hearingAdvocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 15 July 2004Rapporteur MackenDecision 12 October 2004 (appeal dismissed)
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 146
Vedial/OHIMC-104/03 P
SAINT HUBERT 41
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 147
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Scope of protection - likelihood of confusion• Appeals under Article 63 CTMR
pending cases
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 148
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeMülhens GmbH/OHIM – Zirh International („SIR fig“/„ZIRH“)Appeal against CFI decision of 3 March 2004 Case C-206/04 P - T-355/02HearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 149
Mülhens/OHIMC-206/04 P
ZIRH
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 150
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticePicasso et al./OHIM – DaimlerChrysler AG („PICASSO“/„PICARO“)Appeal against CFI decision of 20 June 2004 Case C-361/04 P - T-185/02Hearing 14 July 2005Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 8 September 2005Rapporteur SchiemannDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 151
Picasso/OHIMC-361/04 P – T-185/02
PICAROPICASSO
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 152
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeSunrider Corp./OHIM – Espadafor Caba („VITAFRUT“/„VITAFRUIT“)Case C-416/04 PAppeal against CFI decision of 8 July 2004 in Case T-302/02 P (use, LOC)Case filedHearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 153
Sunrider/OHIMC-416/04 P
VITAFRUITVITAFRUT
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 154
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeVitakraft-Werke Wührmann & Sohn GmbH & Co. KG/OHIM – Krafft S.A. (Krafft fig/VITAKRAFT)Case C-512/04 PAppeal against CFI decision of 6 October 2004 in Case T-356/02Case filedHearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 155
Vitakraft-Werke/OHIMC-512/04 P
VITAKRAFT
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 156
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeL‘Oreal SA/OHIM – Revlon (Suisse) SA („FLEX“/„FLEXI AIR“)Appeal against CFI decision of 16 March 2005 Case C-235/05 P (T-112/03)HearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 157
L’Oreal/OHIMC-235/05 P
FLEX FLEXI AIR
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 158
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeTeleTech International/OHIM – Teletech Global Ventures(TELECH GLOBAL VENTURES/TELETECH INTERNATIONAL)Case 312/05 PAppeal against CFI decision of 25 May 2005 in Case T-112/03)HearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 159
TeleTech/OHIMC-312/05 P
TELETECH GLOBAL VENTURES
TELETECH INTERNATIONAL
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 160
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeCreative Technology Ltd Ltd/OHIM – Vila Ortiz(W WORK PRO fig/PC WORKS)Case 314/05 PAppeal against CFI decision of 25 May 2005 in Case T-352/02HearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 161
Creative Technology/OHIMC-314/05 P
PC WORKS
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 162
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticePlus Warenhandelsgesellschaft mbH/OHIM – Bälz & Hiller („POWER“/„Turkish Power fig“)Appeal against CFI decision of 22 June 2005 Case C-324/05 P (T-34/04)HearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 163
Plus/OHIMC-324/05 P
POWER
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 164
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeOHIM/Liminana y Botella(„LIMONCHELO“/Limoncelo fig)Appeal against CFI decision of Case C-334/05HearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 165
OHIM/Liminana y BotellaC-000/05 P - T-7/04
LIMONCHELO
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 166
Trade Mark Cases
Scope of protection• Marks with a reputation:
same or similar goods
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 167
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
DAVIDOFF/GOFKID („DAVIDOFF/DURFFEE“) Case C-292/00HearingAdvocate General Jacobs 21 March 2002Rapporteur GulmannDecision 9 January 2003
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 168
C-292/00Davidoff/Gofkid
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 169
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Adidas AG/Fitnessworld Trading („Adidas three stripes/two stripes)Case C-408/01 Advocate General Jacobs 10 July 2003Rapporteur GulmannDecision 23 October 2003
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 170
Trade Mark Cases
Scope of protection• Marks with a reputation,
dissimilar goods
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 171
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
JusticeGeneral Motors Corp./Yplon S.A.(„CHEVY/CHEVY“)Case C-375/97HearingAdvocate General Jacobs 26 November 1998Rapporteur GulmannDecision 14 September 1999
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 172
Trade Mark Cases
Scope of protection• trade mark use
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 173
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
ARSENAL Football Club Plc/Reed („ARSENAL“) Case C-206/01HearingAdvocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer 13 June 2002Rapporteur TimmermansDecision 12 November 2002
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 174
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Class International BV v. Unilever NV („AQUAFRESH“)Case C-405/03Case filedHearingAdvocate General Jacobs 26 May 2005 Rapporteur GulmannDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 175
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Adam Opel AG v. Autec AG („OPEL BLITZ“)Case C-48/05Case filedHearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 176
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Diesel Spa v. Montex Holdings Ltd („DIESEL“)Case C-281/05Case filedHearingAdvocate General RapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 177
Trade Mark Cases
Limits of protection• Article 12 CTMR, Article 6 TMD
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 178
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Bayerische Motorenwerke AG/DeenikCase C-63/97Case filedHearingAdvocate General Jacobs 2 April 1998Decision 23 Februar 1999
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 179
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Hölterhoff/Freiesleben („SPIRIT SUN“, „CONTEXT CUT“)Case C-2/00Hearing 21 June 2001Advocate General Jacobs 20 September 2001Rapporteur GulmannDecision 14 May 2002
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 180
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Gerolsteiner Brunnen GmbH/Putsch GmbH („GERRI“/„KERRY Spring“)Case C-100/02 Hearing 20 May 2003Advocate General Stix-Hackl 10 July 2003Rapporteur EdwardDecision 7 January 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 181
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Anheuser-Busch Inc. v. Budejovicky Budvar n.p. (BUDWEISER)Case C-245/02Hearing 27 April 2004Advocate General Tizzano 29 June 2004Rapporteur Timmermans (Grand Chamber)Decision 16 November 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 182
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Gillette Co./LA-Laboratories Ltd OyCase C-228/03Hearing 21 October 2004Advocate General Tizzano 9 December 2004Rapporteur CaoimhDecision 17 March 2005
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 183
Trade Mark Cases
Limits of protection• Exhaustion - Article 13
CTMR, Article 7 TMD
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 184
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Loendersloot/George Ballantine & Son („Ballantine“)Case C-349/95Advocate General Jacobs 27 February 1997 RapporteurDecision 11 November 1997
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 185
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Silhouette International/Hartlauer („Silhouette“) Case C-355/96Advocate General Jacobs 29 January 1998Rapporteur Gulmann Decision 16 July 1998
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 186
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Sebago Inc./GB-Unic S.A. („Sebago“)Case C-173/98Advocate General Jacobs 25 March 1999Rapporteur Decision 1 July 1999
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 187
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Zino Davidoff SA/A & G Imports Ltd, Levi Strauss & Co ./Tesco Stores Ltd, Costco UK Ltd. („COOL WATER“) („LEVI‘S“)Cases C-414/99, 415/99, 416/99Hearing 16 January 2001Advocate General Stix-Hackl 5 April 2001RapporteurDecision 20 November 2001
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 188
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Peak Holding AB/Axolin-Elinor AB („PEAK PERFORMANCE“) Case C-16/03Reference from Court of Appeal for Skane and BlekingeHearing 24 March 2004Advocate General Stix-Hackl 27 May 2004Rapporteur GulmannDecision 30 November 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 189
Trade Mark Cases
Limits of protection: exhaustion• exceptions: repackaging
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 190
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
PHARAMACIA & UPJOHN/PARANOVA Case C-379/97Advocate General Jacobs 19 November 1998RapporteurDecision 12 October 1999
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 191
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
BOEHRINGER/DowelhurstCase C-143/00, Hearing 3 April 2001Advocate General Jacobs 12 July 2001Rapporteur GulmannDecision 23 April 2002
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 192
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
MERCK/PARANOVA Case C-443/99Hearing 3 April 2001Advocate General Jacobs 12 July 2001Rapporteur GulmannDecision 23 April 2002
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 193
Trade Mark Cases
Limits of protection: exhaustion• burden of proof
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 194
Trade Mark Cases Before European Court of Justice
Van Doren/Lifestyle Sports(„STUSSY“, „STÜSSY“)Case 244/00Hearing 8 January 2002Advocate General Stix-Hackls 18 June 2002Rapporteur GulmannDecision 8 April 2003
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 195
Trade Mark Cases
Limits of protection• Requirement of use
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 196
Trade Mark Cases Before European Court of Justice
Ansul BV/Ajax Brandbeveiliging BV(„Minimax“)Case C-40/01Hearing 4 June 2002Advocate General Ruiz Jarabo Colomer 2 July 2002Rapporteur PuissochetDecision 11 March 2003
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 197
Trade Mark Cases Before European Court of Justice
La Mer Technology Inc./Laboratoires Goemar SA („La Mer“)Case C-259/02Hearing no hearingAdvocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer no opinionRapporteur PuissochetDecision (0rder) 27 January 2004
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 198
Trade Mark Cases
Procedural issues• Registration procedure• Procedure before ECJ and CFI
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 199
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Registration of marks for retail services
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 200
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Praktiker/DPMACase C-418/02Hearing 1 July 2004Advocate General Léger 13 January 2005Rapporteur GulmannDecision 7 July 2005
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 201
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
Procedural issues - languages
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 202
Trade Mark Cases Before the European Court of
Justice
KIK/OHIMCase C-361/01 P (T-120/99)Hearing 21 January 2003Advocate General Jacobs 20 March 2003Rapporteur RosasDecision 9 September 2003
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 203
Trade Mark Cases
Procedural issues• Procedure before ECJ and CFI
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 204
Trade Mark Cases Before the Court of Justice
Zuazaga Meabe/OHIM – Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. (BBVA) („BILBAO BLUE“/„BLUE“)Case C-325/03 P - T-15/03No HearingNo Advocate GeneralDecision (Order) 18 January 2005Time limit for appeal to CFIAppeal to ECJ manifestly unfounded
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 205
Trade Mark Cases Before the Court of First Instance
and the Court of Justice
Energy Technologies ET S.A./OHIM – Aparellaje electrico, SL („UNEX“)Case C-197/05 P - T-445/04No hearingDecision (order) 28 February 2005Application manifestly inadmissible because applicant was not represented by a „lawyer“ (Swedish jurist)Appeal pending
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 206
Trade Mark Cases Before the Court of Justice
OHIM/Kaul GmbH –Bayer AG(CAPOL/ARCOL)Case C-29/05 PCase filedHearingAdvocate GeneralRapporteurDecision
ECJ Judges Conference 2005 207
