DTPS Report Sajal

8/10/2019 DTPS Report Sajal

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P!E3ACE

This Report has projected !EIANCE IN3!AST!2CT2!E T.as one of

the most efficient companies of India. The historical background of

!EIANCE IN3!AST!2CT2!E T.highlights its gradual establishment.

It starts with an introduction to company profile.

Main purpose of undergoing this Internship is to make a studentfamiliar with the industrial atmosphere and get accumulated with

different Psychology at the employees that survive in an industry. For

an aid and to solve our ueries we have our training supervisor in an

industry. For an aid to solve our ueries we have or training supervisor

who guides us and e!plains the reuired solutions. I" here by narrate a

brief picture of what I have done" observed" learnt during my Internship

tenure through this report.


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AC4N0#E5EMENT

I am e!tremely thankful for having been able to receive this Internship

opportunity at the ahanu Thermal Po6er Station %TPS+, which is a

unanimous part of !eliance Infrastructure td.

I would like to e!press my sincere gratitude and thank Mr. Sudhir J.

Patha # Mr. inesh !. Mantri for continuous support and motivation

during my internship period.

This internship program provided me a lot of opportunities and

e!posed me tointeraction with different sets of people. My sincere

thanks also to Mr. S. S. $orar, Mr. P. N. esai, Mr. .M. 5a7ali, Mr.

Shon 5aonar, Mr. Saura8h Patil, Mr. Nitin -hadtare, Mr. ouis

3ernandez, Mr. M. S. 9elasar, Mr. !oshan Patil and team mates for

accepting me under their department and guiding me throughout myInternship program.

I also wish to thank my Institute" Maulana Azad National Institute of

Technology, $ho-al for encouraging me to join this internship program.

$ast but not the least I wish to thank the highly dedicated and

motivated staff at %TP& for making me a part of their team and makingmy internship an e!clusive e!perience.


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A$ST!ACT

This report gives an insight into the Internship undertaken by me at

%'(')* T(+RM'$ P,-+R &T'TI,) %TP&/" %ahanu" Thane.

Main purpose of undergoing this in plant Internship and training is to

make a student familiar with the industrial atmosphere and get

accumulated with different psychologies at the employees that survive

in an industry. For an aide to solve our ueries we have our training

supervisor who visits at intervals.

I" here by narrate brief picture of what I have done" observed" learnt

during my training tenure through this project report.


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C0NTENTS

(. 0rganization Profile

&. Introduction

:. "istory of TPS

1. Technical S-ecifications

*.

Tur8ine / Au;iliaries. Cali8ration of Instruments

?. istri8uted igital Control System %C+

('. Programma8le ogic Control %PC+

Conclusion


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0rganization Profile

Reliance Infrastructure" a part of Reliance 0roup" is India1s largest

infrastructure companywith turnover of over Rs.23"456 crores and

market capitali7ation of over Rs89"936 crores ason March :2"8626.Reliance Infrastructure $imited is India;s leading utility company

having presence in across the value chain of power business i.e.

0eneration" Transmission"%istribution" +P< and Trading and the largest

infrastructure company by developingprojects in all high growth areas

in infrastructure sector i.e. Roads" (ighways" Metro Rails"'irports and

&pecialty Real +state.

Their presence spans across three verticals=

+ngineering" Procurement and


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INT!02CTI0N

' thermal power plant is a power station in which the prime mover is

steam driven. -ater is superheated" turns into steam and spins a

turbine which drives an electrical generator. 'fter it passes through the

turbine" the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where

it was heated> this is known as the Rankine cycle. ?arious designs of

thermal power stations e!ist due to the different fuel sources

coal@gas@waste etc./. &ome prefer to use the term energy centerbecause such facilities convert forms of heat energy into electricity.

&ome thermal power plants also deliver heat energy for industrial

purposes" for district heating etc. in addition to delivering electrical

power.


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"istory of TPS

2. The land development commenced in the year 2556.

8. The main plant contract got finali7ed in the year 2552.

:. *nit A2 was synchroni7ed on 4th Banuary 2553 and unit A8 was

synchroni7ed on 85th March 2553.

9. The power station commercially commenced its operation in 2554.

3. %ahanu thermal power plant was taken over by Reliance group in

866:C69.

4. %TP& is a 366M- plant and is located at 286 km from Mumbai over

:32.3D hectors.

E. It is divided into two units of 836 M- each.

D. %TP& has complete automatic control # monitoring of the turbine"

boiler and au!iliaries by %igital %istributed


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Technical s-ecification

Type of &tation Thermal

&tation


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Tur8ine and Au;iliariesTur8ine@

The steam from boiler is taken to turbine section where heat energy is

converted into mechanical energy. In turbine section the steam passes

through three stages of turbine which are (PT" $PT" IPT etc.

i. "PT %high -ressure tur8ine+

The steam is passed to high pressure turbine where the pressure is

about [email protected]. ,utput of (PT goes to reCheater R(/. The

temperature of steam is increase in R(" so efficiency gets improves.

ii. IPT %intermediate -ressure tur8ine+

From reChater steam is passed to IPT in order to further increase the

efficiency.

iii. PT %lo6 -ressure tur8ine+

The steam from IPT is passed to $PT" which is further connected to

condenser. The si7e is (PTHIPTH$PT. The si7e of $PT is greater in order

to provide larger surface area" which helps in effective # fast cooling of

steam.i7. Condenser

' vacuum is maintained in condenser so as to e!tract the low pressure

steam from $PT. )ow this steam gets reCconverted to water.

In condenser there is cooling system which converts steam into water.

This water is collected in hotwell and then passed to $P( through

condenser e!traction pump


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deaerator is to remove gases dissolved in water. From deaerator water

goes to (P( through boiler feed pump.

elow the deaerator there is F&T field storage tank/. The discharge

pressure of F&T is about 8.3 [email protected]. From deaerator water goes to

(P( through boiler feed pump.

&. CEP %condensate e;traction -um-/=

There are two


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$oiler / Au;iliaries

I. $oiler

It is enclosed pressure vessel. oiler can be regarded as a number of

interconnected heat e!changers arranged in such manner that heat

available by burning of fuel is transferred to convert water into steam

in most efficient manner.

ii. Process@


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II. $oiler Au;iliaries

a/


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There are two F% fans in each unit. F% fans are used to raise the

pressure of air necessary to overcome draft losses in flow passages of

steam boiler plant.

It supplies air necessary for fuel combustion by taking directly

atmospheric air. F% fan raises the pressure of ambient air and delivers

it to boiler furnace through air preCheater 'P(/. The pressure rise is

about 866CD66 mm-c.

d+ I fan

The I% fan is provided for e!traction of flue gases. There are two I% fans

for each unit. The I% fan e!tracts flue gases from electrostatic

precipitator +&P/ and passed through chimney. 'nother function of I%

fan is to maintain negative pressure inside furnace. Its normal speed is

2666 rpm.

e+ Electrostatic -reci-itator %ESP+

From furnace flue gases pass through two passes" passC' # passC"

these two passes are given to +&P. In +&P" there are two electrode

plates ?+ # C?+ E6Nv/ with dielectric medium between them. The ash

is deposited on this plate. Then this ash is removed from these plates

byhammering and ash gets deposited into hopper. ,utlet of +&P have

two passes ' #


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efore transferring this pulveri7ed coal to furnace" the coal is preC

heated with the help of hot air of air preCheater. The 'P( is also used to

heat the air generation from F% fan.

There are two preCheaters 'P(C' # 'P(C. In 'P( there is tri sector"

which rotate continuously. In one sector there is flue gas coming from

boiler. The temperature flue gas is :66J< to 966J


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Cycles in TPS

(. Steam Cycle@)

It consists of the following=

I. The $oiler@

The boiler has many fine tubes which run around its circumference.

This arrangement is called waterCwall. These tubes consists of boiler

feed water which is heated by the furnace heat to form steam. Thus the

heated tubes contain feed water # steam. These tubes open up inside

the boiler drum. The boiler drum has arrangement for separating steamfrom water. This steam is then given to the super heater for further

heating. The separated water which is collected in the boiler drum

flows down to the bottom ring header via si! down comer tubes. This

water is then recirculates in the waterCwalls naturally due to density

difference between steam and water and the cycle continues.

II. Su-er "eater %S"+@

The super heater is placed inside the furnace. It superheats the steam

output of boiler drum. It consists of the following super heaters=C2/ Radiant super heater R&(/

8/ (ori7ontal super heater (&(/

:/ Platen super heater P&(/

9/ Final super heater F&(/

The super heater gives out two outputs to (PT i.e. main steam right

M&CR/ # main steam left M&C$//.

III. "PT %"igh Pressure Tur8ine+@

It is smaller in si7e since the steam which enters the (PT has a highoperating pressure and lower volume so it reuires less space for

e!pansion i.e. to produce work. It has two inputs M&CR # M&C$ which

provide superheated" pressuri7ed steam to rotate the turbine. ' single

line steam output


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The ReCheater is placed inside the furnace. It reheats the steam from

single line output of (PT. The temperature is raised to avoid premature

wetness in the last stages of turbine. This steam line is called


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It is a heat e!changer which is used to heat the condensate.

?I. $P( $ow Pressure (eaters/=

These are heat e!changers which use steam e!tractions from the $P

turbine to further heat the condensate.

?II. %eaerator $evel


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Cali8ration of Instruments


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micro switch and ), contact becomes )< while )< contact becomes

),.

Thermocou-le)

' thermocouple is a device consisting of two different conductors

usually metal alloys/ that produce a voltage" proportional to a

temperature difference" between either ends of the two conductors. It

operates on &eebeck effect.

Thermocouples are a widely used type of temperature sensor formeasurement and control and can also be used to convert a

temperature gradient into electricity. They are ine!pensive"

interchangeable" are supplied with standard connectors" and can

measure a wide range of temperatures. In contrast to most other

methods of temperature measurement" thermocouples are selfC

powered and reuire no e!ternal form of e!citation. It is mostly used at

places where temperature is high 2666C2366 J


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RT% and Thermocouple are the instruments used in %TP& for

temperature measurement.

RT% is used for less than E66CD66 < while Thermocouple is used for high

temperatures more than 2666


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istri8uted igital Control System %C+

Power Plant operation is very speciali7ed field and reuires close and

simultaneous monitoring of various plant euipment like boiler"

turbine" generator" FP etc. and associated au!iliaries to maintain the

continuous availability of unit as well as to ensure safe and efficient

operation of these euipment for such control and monitoring purpose

a lot of plant data analog inputs/ in the form of physical measurements

and status of euipment digital inputs/ are needed. In older days

control system being treated as separate@independent system using

their own dedicated conventional hardware" using conventional display

devices like indicators" recorders" conventional push button and

auto@manual stations.


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The major features of %%


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PC %Programma8le ogic Control+

' programmable logic controller is designed for use in an

industrial environment.

P$< 're Microprocessor based device

P$< is designed for multiple inputs and outputs


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C0NC2SI0N

The Internship Program at !eliance Infrastructure imited, TPS

%ahanu Thermal Po6er Station+ at ahanu !oad, Thane" which is one

of wellCestablished organi7ation in India" has aided me in not only

gaining practical e!perience but also to adopt the industrial

environment and procedures.It has also taught me the importance of effective time management in

the life of a student and the difference between theoretical knowledge

and actual practical e!perience that I gained in the industry. It has also

provided me with an opportunity to put into use some of the

knowledge that I have gained during my education as a student of

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, $ho-al.

Documents

DTPS Report Sajal