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DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 052 576 EC 032 744
TITLE Report on Special Education for the Education andRehabilitation of the Handicapped.
INSTITUTION Ministry of Education, Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) .PUB DATE 70NOTE 52p.
EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29DESCRIPTORS *Educational Programs, *Exceptional Child Education,
Foreign Countries, *Handicapped Children, NationalPrograms, *Services, Statistical Data
IDENTIFIERS *Saudi Arabia
ABSTRACTWritten in English and Arabic, the document
summarizes educational and rehabilLtation services provided forhandicapped children in Saudi Arabia by that country's Department ofSpecial Education. Tables present statistical data on types ofeducation and the numbers of institutes, classes, and studentsinvolved in each; student enrollment and staff figures for girlseducation; and similar figures for special education institutes. Thetext describes the disability groups attended to by the specialeducation program (blind, mentally retarded, physically disabled,deaf), social services for this population, and medical care underthe administration of the Department of Special Education. SpecialEducation planned projects within the Ministry of Education's 5-yearplan (starting in 1970-71) are listed. Many of the photographsillustrating the text are of activities at the Al-Amal Institute forthe deaf. (KW)
EC032744
itD,
14-$eNJ THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIAU)coc=, MINISTRY of EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
REPORT
on
SPECIAL EDUCATION
for theEDUCATION AND REHABILITATION
OF THE HANDICAPPED
1390 H. 1970 A. D.
EC032744kl)N-,
LC1C THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIAw
MINISTRY of EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
REPORT
or
SPECIAL EDUCATION
for theEDUCATION AND REHABILITATION
OF THE HANDICAPPED
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATEA& WELFARE
OFFICE OF EDUCATIONTHIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCEDEXACTLY AS RECEIVE.° FROM THE PERSON ORORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT. POINTS OFVIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECES-SARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDU-CATION POSITION OR POLICY.
1390 A. H. 1970 A. D.
2
IN THE NAME OF GOD THE COMPASSIONATEAND ALL MERCIFUL
INTRODUCTION
The great renaissance in which the Saudi Arabian Kir.gdom is passing
has expanded to all fields of Knowledge in all its aspects and has reached
all sectors of the people. Schools at all stages of education are spreading
in all parts of the Kingdom and colleges are graduating; yearly a largenumber of students who fill to a large extent the country's need for spe-cialists.
The credit goes all to His Majesty King Faisal's plan for pro-gress and prosperity in all fields and, in particular, in the fields ofeducation which has received all of His Majesty's attention and concern.
Thanks to the efforts of all officials at the Ministry of Education,and His Excellency the Minister at their head, education has spread to all
sectors of the population, and we hope that next table will explain thegiant step achieved by the Ministry of Education in the last semi years.
3
TA
BL
E 1
Aca
d-L
mic
Yea
rE
lem
enta
ry E
duca
tion
Inte
rmed
iary
Edu
catio
nSe
cond
ary
Edu
catio
n
1383
/84
A.H
. ( 1
963/
64 A
.D. )
Cla
sses
Stud
ents
Cla
sses
stud
ents
Cla
sses
Stud
ents
6668
1567
8038
111
555
115
3286
1389
/90
A.H
. ( '
969/
70 A
.D. )
1097
226
7529
1356
3802
831
682
43
TABLE II
TYPES OF EDUCATION UNDER THE MINISTRY OF EDUCA-
TION, THE NUMBER OF CLASSES AND THE NUMBER OFSTUDENTS ACCORDING TO THE FIGURES OF THE ACADE-
MIC YEAR 1389/90 A.H.
( 89/1390 H.) ( 1969/70A.D. )
Number of
Types of Education Institutes
Number of
Classes
Number of
Students
New T.T.I.Elementary 9 104 3131
Centers for Complementary Studies 2 30 913
Physical Education 1 6 130
Technical Education 1 6 146
Industrial Education 4 27 694
Commercial Education 1 1 18
Agricultural Education 1 5 128
Night Schools 28 190 6258
Adult Education Schools 592 1574 40726
Sharia ( Islamic Jurisprudence )
and Education Colleges 2 728
TABLE III
SCHOOLS, CLASSES AND STUDENTS UNDER THE GENE-RAL PRESIDENCY OF GIRLS EDUCATION FOR THE ACA-DEMIC YEAR 1389/90 A.H ( 1969/70 A.D. )
Number of Number of Number ofStage of Education Schools Classes Students
Elementary Education 347 3329 114775
Intermediary Education 13 140 4525
Secondary Education 2 15 438
Intermediary TeachersColleges 26 17g 5480
Secondary Teachers Colleges 5 8 221
Technical Institutes 4 25 791
TABLE IV
PRIVATE EDUCATION SCHOOLS UNDER THE SUPERVI-SION OF THE GENERAL PRESIDENCY OF GIRLS EDUCA-TION
StageNumber of
SchoolsNumber of
ClassesNo. of Girl
Students
Kindergarten 32 126 2655
Elementary Education 30 184 4476
Intermediary Education 8 26 644
Secondary Education 3 25 956
This blessed educational renaissance has expanded to coverthat special group of citizens for whom God has chosen to lose one oftheir senses or limbs. The Administration of special Education was crea-
ted by the Ministry of Education to look after, guide, educate, and reha-
bilitate handicapped people.
6
TA
BL
E V
NU
MB
ER
OF IN
STIT
UT
ES, ST
UD
EN
TS, T
EA
CH
ER
S AN
D A
DM
INIST
RA
TO
RS A
FFILIA
TE
DW
ITH
SPEC
IAL
ED
UC
AT
ION
Nam
e of InstituteE
stablishment
Date ofE
lementary
hu.2N
o. cf StudentsN
o. of Officials '5
Intermediate Secondary V
ocational Teachers A
dministrators
Al N
our ( light InstitutesA
.H. A
.D.
of Riyadh)
13801960
6448
21189
6514
Al N
our Institutes of holyM
ecca1382
196232
569
318
Al N
our Institutes of Onaiza
13821962
2112
9623
7
Al N
our Institutes of Hafouf
13831963
5910
13125
4A
l Am
al ( hope) Institutes forT
he deaf1384
1964192
4016
36
Al N
our Institutes for blindG
irls1384
196427
721
297
Al N
our Institutes of Madina
13871967
2132
166
Al N
our Institutes of Katif
13871967
2687
166
Al N
our Institutes of Brida
13881968
651
117
Total
44882
21676
25675
36
_
SPECIAL EDUCATION
Significance & Objectives
Special Education in the organ which is in charge of all groups ofhandicapped people in the Saudi Arabian Kingdom. It is affiliated with the
Ministry of Education and, to the furthest possible extent, implementsthe Ministry's programs after adjusting them to what suits the people it
deals with; it furnishes books and pamphlets to each group and super-vises the development and progress of institutes under the auspices ofSpecial Education; it provides these institutes with the equipment, tech-
nicians and teachers they need; it prepares the necessary reports andmodern instructions which enable teachers to adopt the most efficientmethods of teaching handicapped people; it prepares special programsto avail the handicapped with the opportunity of an all-round growthsensuously, emotionally, mentally and socially, and to train them in the
propre way which suits their capacities and enables them to interactpositively with their community. Finally, it gives special attention to
social and sanitary care.
GROUPS ATTENDED TO BY SPECIAL EDUCATION
I - The Blind
This is a group of citizens who have been deprived of the eyesightgift. The care accorded to them moves in two directions:
1. Academic Shooling which is open to all students between the age
of six and eighteen. Teaching in these schools follows the same curricu-
lum implemented by the Saudi Minstry of Education. Text-books areprinted by the Braille method at the Braille printing press located at the
Nour Institute from the elementary stage ( six years ) to the intermediary
stage ( three years ) to the secondary stage ( three years ). Students re-
8
ceive at the end of each term the same degree received by their collea-
gues who have normal eyesight . It is worth mentioning here that thefirst batch of nine students graduated this year from the General Secon-
dary School the arts and sciences division.
2. Vocational Training and Rehabilitation which is open to old stu-
dents who have passed the school age. Teaching in these schools follows
a special program put out by the Ministry of Education. The period ofschooling is six years during which students are given courses in reading,
writing and general knowledge aimed at assimilating them in the commu-
nity. They are also trained on classical industries handled by the blindsuch as bamboo work, furn;ture making and weaving. There is also aspecial carpentry section to supply these industries with the equipmentand material they need. Monthly allowances ranging from 120 to 150Saudi rials are given to students in Al-Nour Institute to enable them meet
their need. Schooling in these Institutes is during the day.
H - The mentally retarded
This is a group of citizens whose mental capacity does not permitthem to catch up with the curricula of the Saudi Ministry of Education.
Since adequate resources, mainly the shortage of experts and technicians,
are not available in the kingdom to open institutes for this group of citi-
zens to neighboring Arab countries which have the necessary resourcesand facilities. The five -year plan ( 1390/1395 A.H 1970/1975 A.D.) has
set up as a goal for the first year the opening of two institutes to accomo-
date one hundred persons, fifty males and fifty females. It is worth men-
tioning here that Special Education has so far sent 40 mentallyretarded and physically disabled or crippled students to study inneighboring Arab states.
III - The physically disabled
This is a group of citizens who suffer from earning a living in a de-
cent way or adjusting themselves to their society. The problem of this
9
group is under consideration by specialists at the Ministry of Education.
We hope soon to have a definite plan to help this group.
IV - The deaf
In the year 1384 A.H ( 1964 A.D. ) Al-Amal ( hope ) Institute for the
deaf was open in the city of Riyadh to look after deaf people, secure ne-
cessary services for them, educate them and prepare them for the future.
The Institute is divided into two sections, one for males and the other for
females.
Work at the Institute of Al-Amal is governed by a special law which
distributes duties, defines responsibilities and guides the employees each
in the limits of this duties and sphere of specialization.
Herebelow are experts this law:
Whenever there is need and resources are available, Al-Amal Insti-tutes for deaf children shall be established for males and females each sex
separately. These Institutes shall receive profoundly deaf or partiallyhearing children of Saudi nationality, as well as Arab citizens who need
this kind of education provided their proportion to Saudis does notexceed ten percent.
Studies in these institutes are conducted according to teaching plans
and programs that suit the capacities of these students and, in essence,are in line with corresponding programs of General Education at the Mi-
nistry of Education.At the end of each educational stage, the passing student is awarded
a degree equal to the corresponding degree under General Education.
Tuition and board in these institutes are free of charge, and students
are given free medical care, school supplies, food and clothing. Students
are also given monthly allowances, and those who are not totally deafare supplied with adequate hearing-aid devices.
Students are admitted to these institutes according to the following
conditions:
1. The student must pass the special medical exam organized by the
Ministry of Education for this purpose.
10
Yt
2. His T Q must not be less than 70%.
3. The students age must not be less than four years or overtwelve years.
The administrative staff of each institute shall consist of: a director,a deputy, one supervisor or more, a secretary, a librarian and a socialexpert. There shall be appointed for each institute a number of teachersat the average of two teachers per class, provided each teacher must have
at least a teachers college degree and, preferably, some experience in tea-
ching deaf dumb people
There shall be formed in each institute a number of school commit-tees needed to carry at the educational process Among others, thereshall be:
1. A teachers' Council, headed by the director, which shall be i n
charge of educational and organizational matters.
2. The Committe of Discipline and Order consisting of thedirector or any one he appoints, as Chairman, the social expert, the su-pervisor and two teachers, as members. This committee shall look intomajor offenses.
All students in Al-Amal (hope) institutes must be boarders and noone is allowed to live outside the school except in exceptional cases. Each
boarding should have supervisors and a number of family deans.
The students are divided into families consisting each of seven toten persons of corresponding ages. Each family shall have a dean ( manor woman ) with minimum qualification of an intermediary degree and,
at least, two years of experience. He ( or she ) is supposed to act as thechildren's father ( or mother) looking after their affairs and supervisingall their activities from all aspects, including the nourishment of theirpsychological needs, training them on sound social behaviour andteaching them how to take care of themselves and organize their lives.
Schooling in these institutes go according to the following stages:
1. The preparatory Stage which lasts for two years and accepts children
( boys and girls ) between the age of four and six. Children in this stage
11
are placed in the charge of women teachers who must have a high level
of competence and experience. The children are given preliminary courses
in speaking, reading, writting, counting and drawing in accordance with
their capacities. They are also trained to acquire good habits that areconsistent with the principles of Islam and human social values.
2. The Elementary Stage which accepts children between the age of
seven and twelve. The term of this stage is six years, and the children are
placed in the charge of morally and professionally competent teachers.
3. Intermediary Education which is divided into two sections:
a. Vocational Intermediary where students are taught drawing, printing
and tailoring.
b. Academic Intermediary.
4. Secondary Education.
Tcaching of deaf people have made wide strides in the last six years.
From 50 students in 1385 AH. (1965 A.D) the number has jumped to 192
for this year. Following is a table showing this development.
TABLE VI
Number of students, teachers and classes at the institute bf Al- Amal
for the deaf in Riyadh between 1385 A.H ( 1965 A.D) and 1390A,H. ( 1970 A.D. )
YearNumber of
Students
Number ofTeachers
Number ofClasses
1385/86 A.H
1965/66 A.D 50 11 8
1386/87 A.H1966/67 A.D 96 22 11
1387/88 A.H1967/68 A.D 119 30 15
1388/89 A.H1968/69 A.D 156 32 17
1389/90 A.H1969/70 A.D 192 40 22
12
14-
SOCIAL CARE
The administration of Special Education has accorded great impor-
tance to social care out of its conviction that handicapped people arenot as much in need of education and culture as they are in need ofsome one who would restore self-confidence to them, open for themthe door of hope and channel their dormant capacities in the directionwhich will benefit them, chase away their fears and make them integrate
in normal life with a confident spirit defying all their handicaps.For this purpose, a specialist has been appointed for each institute
to serve as a liaison between the school, the home and the local communi-
ty, to help in solving many problems and to guide the handicapped in the
right direction which will enable them to open their hearts to society and
rely on themselves. By Special Education, social specialists are concerned
about spreading awareness among citizens, particularly among those who
have relations with handicapped people. For this purpose, parent meetings
are organized or individual contacts are made with parents to acquaintthem with methods of understanding the mentality of their handicappedchildren of all groups and with the right method of treating them. These
meetings or contacts are also used to review problems connected with han-
dicapped children. Furthermore, educational meetings and social parties
are organized to introduce joy into the students' souls, get them used to
cooperation, discover and polish their talents and satisfy their desires.
Eleven social specialists, including two women, are now serving inthe various institutes of Special Education.
13
MEDICAL CARE
The administration of Special Education has established a clinic ineach institute under the supervision of a man or woman muse who canalways get ask the unit doctor to visit the institute and i/nspect the stud-
ents' health and a medical file has been prepared for each student andkept at the clinic of the institute. Medical treatmen: and medicine isgiven to student free of charge. A resident doctor was appointed this ,
year for Al-Nour Institute in Riyadh, and he makes gaily calls on all other
Special Education institutes in the capital as well as periodical calls on
other institutes in order to enforce the programs o'r Special Education.
In accordance with the policy adopted by ow; prudent government,
under the leadership of His Majesty King Faisal, ";.)ased on planning and
statistics, the Ministry of Education has submitted a five -year plan star-
ting with the year 1390/91 A.H. ( 1970/71 A.D.) .
In the framework of this plan, Special Education presented its bud-get projects for the next five years which included, among other things,
the following:
I - For the fiscal year 1390/91 A.H ( 1970/71 A.D) :
1. The opening of a mental education institute consisting of twodivisions, one for boys accomodating 50 students and one for girls ac-comodating the same number. The institute shall be located in Riyadh and
it is expected to accomodate 340 boys and girls by the end of the five-year
plan (1394/95 A.H.) . 1974 1975
2. The opening of a vocational training division in Riyadh for deaf
boys who passed the school age, It will consist of :
a. A tailoring section .b. A shoe-making section .
c. A carpentry section .
d. A book-binding section.
e. A modern upholstery section.
14
It is decided to start this division with 72 students and up with 164
students by the end of the five-year plan.
II - For the fiscal year 1391/92 A.H ( 1971/72 A.D) :
1. The opening of a training session for teachers of mental educa-tion accomodating 120 men and women teachers.
2. The opening of a project to employ blind students graduating from
vocational sections in Al-Nour institute. Those who will benefit fromthis project are estimated to reach 400 persons by the end of the five-year
plan.
III - For the fiscal year 1392/93 A.H ( 1972/73 A.D) :
1. The opening of a talking book library which will offer most valuable
services to the blind.
2. The opening of an intermediary vocational institute for deafstudents graduating with an elementary degree from the Instituteof Al - Amal for the deaf in Riyadh. It will consist of two sections:
a. Drawing. b. Printing.
It is worth mentioning at the end that the total cost of project in-cluded in the five-year plan amounts to 113 million Saudi rials, and the
number of students by the end of the five-year plan is expected to reach
1795 boys and girls in all academic classes and 1256 boys and girls invocational sections.
.15
PRINTING DIVISION
The Ministry of Education has set up modern printing press using
the Braille method for printing text-books in all courses in addition toeducational books in English and Arabic. This printing press is fully equip-
ped with the most modern machines and has a large production capa-
city. It is run by a special staff of employees and workers who carry out
the operation in an organized and efficient manner.
This year we imported the most modern automatic printing press
for Braille printing.
16
_
itr'
rd.; JAI -tea 4:1-1::41 rill 6i C
.4:41,42.,111
One of the fem
ale classes at the primary section of A
l-Am
al Institute
..btd
4LL
.A1
t1E
...W
Sam
ples
of
prod
ucts
mad
e by
voc
atio
nal s
ectio
ns a
t Al-
Nou
r In
stitu
tes
j10j:JI
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indergarten children at Al-A
mal Institute leaving their dorm
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ay to playing grounds
Ir
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Pyramid formation of students at the primary section of Al - Amal Institute
rail
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