DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation

DNA ReplicationThe weak hydrogen bonds that hold the nitrogen bases break apart by an enzyme

The divided strands are then replicated by their matching nitrogen bases

Your new DNA Strand is then one ‘old strand’ known as the parent strand and one ‘new strand’

Speed of Replication DNA is replicated REALLY FAST

Human cell copies its 6 billion bases & divide into daughter cells in only few hours

Remarkably accurateonly ~1 error per 100 million bases

~30 errors per cell cycle

Errors & FixingDifferent types of errors can happen in

DNAEx: Deletion of nitrogen base or an

insertions of nitrogen base Proofreading enzymes correct any

mistakes that occur during replication.DNA studies have helped us solve

major problems in history and in health.

RNA

RNA – RiboNucleic AcidMade in the nucleusRNA delivers and interprets what the DNA is saying

DNA vs. RNADifference #1:DNA double strand RNA single strand

Difference #2:DNA nitrogen bases: A, G, C, TRNA nitrogen bases: A, G, C, U (Uracil)

DNA Transcription RNA strand is made by reading

one of the DNA strandsIMPORTANT!!! When there is an Adenine base (A), it binds with Uracil (U) in RNA instead of Thymine (T)

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A

DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T

RNA Strand: U

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G G

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G GDNA Strand #2: A

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G GDNA Strand #2: A T

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G GDNA Strand #2: A T C

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G GDNA Strand #2: A T C C

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G GDNA Strand #2: A T C CRNA Strand:

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G GDNA Strand #2: A T C CRNA Strand: A

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G GDNA Strand #2: A T C CRNA Strand: A U

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G GDNA Strand #2: A T C CRNA Strand: A U C

RNA Base-Pairing Practice

DNA Strand#1: A G T T C ADNA Strand #2: T C A A G T RNA Strand: U C A A G U

DNA Strand #1: T A G GDNA Strand #2: A T C CRNA Strand: A U C C

DNA Translation

What does Translation mean?

DNA TranslationRNA is transferred out of the

nucleus to the ribosomeCODON: three nitrogen basesOne Codon(in order on the RNA

strand) makes ONE amino acidAmino acids put together make a

protein

Put it all together!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sstJI3agBcM

New Vocabularies Learned

ReplicationRNADNA TranscriptionDNA TranslationCodon