Different types of floors

7/30/2019 Different types of floors

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Ground floors


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Purpose of floors

To provide a level surfacecapable of supporting the

occupants of a buildingfurniture, equipment and

sometimes internal partition

Adequate strength and stability

Adequate fire resistance

Sound insulation

Damp resistance

Thermal insulation


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Difference betweenGround floors & Upper floors

The floor of each storey situatedabove the ground level are knowas upper floors

It is very important as they aresupported only at their ends, aswalls, beams etc

Upper floor don't have problemdue to damp resistance, thoughsound insulation is generally animportant factor. fire resistance isalso important


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GROUND FLOORS

The floorsupported directlyon the ground are

known as solidfloors

The floorsupported abovethe ground level

are calledsuspended floors.They are generally

made of timber


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Two essential components:

(I)Sub floor, base course or floor base

It support floor covering so that it doesn'tSettle. It provide damp resistance and thermalinsulation

(II) Floor covering or simply flooring

Components of a floor


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Materials for construction


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Flooring commonly used in our country

Moorum orMud flooring

Brick flooring

Flag stone

flooring

Cementconcreteflooring

Terrazzoflooring

Mosaic

flooring

Tiled flooring

Woodenflooring

Marbleflooring

P.V.C flooring


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Others are

Asphaltflooring

Rubberflooring

Linoleumflooring

Corkflooring

Glassflooring


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Selection of flooring material

Initial cost

The cost of the material should be in conformity withthe type of building

Appearance

Covering should give a pleasing appearance. It shouldhave an desired colour and architectural beauty

Cleanliness

The flooring should be capable of being cleanedeasily and it should be non-absorbent to water, oil,grease etc


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Durability

The flooring should have sufficient resistance towear, temperature changes, disintegration with

time and decay, so that long life is obtained

Dampresistance

Flooring should be resistant against

dampness,so that healthy envionment isobtained in the building

Soundinsulation

Flooring should insulate soil. It shouldn'tproduce noise while walking


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Thermal

insulation

Flooring should offer good thermal insulationso that comfort is imparted to the residents of

the building

Fireresistance

Flooring should be resistant against dampness.Flooring material should offer sufficient fire

resistance so that fire barriers are obtainedbetween different levels of building

Smoothness

It shouldn't be slippery


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Hardness

It should resist to indention marks, imprints

Maintenance

The repairs can be done easily shouldn't beslippery


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Mud flooring

Over a well-prepared ground, a 25 cm thickselected impervious moist earth is spreadand is then rammed well to get a compacted

thickness of 15 cm In order to prevent cracks due to drying, small

quantity of chopped straw is mixed in themoist earth, before ramming.

A thin paint of cement - cow dung is added(1:2 to 1:3)


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Mud flooring

Advantages

Easy to constructand easy to

maintain

Cheap, hard andfairly

impervious

It has goodthermal insulation


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Muram flooring

A 15 cm thick layer of muram is laid over aprepared sub-grade

A 2.5 cm thick layer of powder muram is

spread and water is sprinkled over it

After ramming, the surface is saturated witha 6 mm thin film of water

Surface is trampled under the feet ofworkmen till the cream of muram rises to thetop


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Brick floor covering

Advantages

Cheap construction

Non sleepery

Doesn't crack due

to variation intemperature


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Brick floor covering

Disadvantages

Cannot be washed andcleaned properly

Collects dust

It is an absorbent innature(it absorbs water)hence cannot be used in

latrine, bathrooms,Kitchen etc


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Documents

Different types of floors