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DGC and WHEAL FANNY Summer has arrived in the Tamar Valley at last; we have had to wait until midJuly this year but the past week has been glorious. This morning though had a fresher feel to it making it ideal for walking along the wooded paths near Gulworthy. There are many miles of trails here linking the eight or so mines that make up the Devon Great Consols, all part of the World Heritage Site. Near the start of the trails are the Tree Surfers complex of rope walkways and bridges high up in the tree tops for adrenalin junkies of all ages to try, I know for a fact that at least one of our group has taken part. Today as all 24 of us left the car park we found we were following four busloads of youngsters from Somerset, some highly excitable and others a bit nervouslooking. All were being led by a guide weighted down with safety harnesses slung casually across his shoulder. Following a long uphill section through woodland towards Wheal Anna Maria mine, some of us noticed the ochrecoloured water coming from an adit at the side of the path, this pigment comes from iron ore in the earth and often discharges after heavy rains like those we had before the current hot spell. It wasn’t far from here that we felt a few large rain spots falling on our bare skin and one or two of us donned our raincoats, but most chose to ignore them as we continued up towards the spoil heap and the arsenic calciners. Calciners were an essential part of most 19th century Cornish tin mines whose ores contained contaminating arsenic and sulphur; the calciners were often tended by women or girls. The toxic arsenic made the smelted tin brittle thus reducing its value so it had to be removed by roasting; it was then tossed aside forming massive heaps like the one in the background below until new uses were discovered for it. We paused a bit higher up the trail where there are fine views to be had across the valley over the top of the spoil heap while behind us were the disused arsenic calciners at Wheal Anna Maria, all had been made safe before the trails opened to the public. Leaving this once deadly spot behind us, we followed our leader Maggie as she turned right and then left and down this steep hill towards Wheal Fanny; the rain became heavier with every step we took.

DGC and WHEAL FANNY - Tamar Valley · stepsback&up&the&hill&along&theDevon&Great&Consols&trail&and&back&past&the ... Microsoft Word - DGC and WHEAL FANNY.docx Author: Charlotte Dancer

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DGC  and  WHEAL  FANNY  

Summer  has  arrived  in  the  Tamar  Valley  at  last;  we  have  had  to  wait  until  mid-­‐July  this  year  but  the  past  week  has  been  glorious.  This  morning  though  had  a  fresher  feel  to  it  making  it  ideal  for  walking  along  the  wooded  paths  near  Gulworthy.  There  are  many  miles  of  trails  here  linking  the  eight  or  so  mines  that  make  up  the  Devon  Great  Consols,  all  part  of  the  World  Heritage  Site.  

Near  the  start  of  the  trails  are  the  Tree  Surfers  complex  of  rope  walkways  and  bridges  high  up  in  the  tree  tops  for  adrenalin  junkies  of  all  ages  to  try,  I  know  for  a  fact  that  at  least  one  of  our  group  has  taken  part.  Today  as  all  24  of  us  left  the  car  park  we  found  we  were  following  four  bus-­‐loads  of  youngsters  from  Somerset,  some  highly  excitable  and  others  a  bit  nervous-­‐looking.  All  were  being  led  by  a  guide  weighted  down  with  safety  harnesses  slung  casually  across  his  shoulder.    

Following  a  long  uphill  section  through  woodland  towards  Wheal  Anna  Maria  mine,  some  of  us  noticed  the  ochre-­‐coloured  water  coming  from  an  adit  at  the  side  of  the  path,  this  pigment  comes  from  iron  ore  in  the  earth  and  often  discharges  after  heavy  rains  like  those  we  had  before  the  current  hot  spell.  It  wasn’t  far  from  here  that  we  felt  a  few  large  rain  spots  falling  on  our  bare  skin  and  one  or  two  of  us  donned  our  raincoats,  but  most  chose  to  ignore  them  as  we  continued  up  towards  the  spoil  heap  and  the  arsenic  calciners.  Calciners  were  an  essential  part  of  most  19th  century  Cornish  tin  mines  whose  ores  contained  contaminating  arsenic  and  sulphur;  the  calciners  were  often  tended  by  women  or  girls.    The  toxic  arsenic  made  the  smelted  tin  brittle  thus  reducing  its  value  so  it  had  to  be  removed  by  roasting;  it  was  then  tossed  aside  forming  massive  heaps  like  the  one  in  the  background  below  until  new  uses  were  discovered  for  it.    

We  paused  a  bit  higher  up  the  trail  where  there  are  fine  views  to  be  had  across  the  valley  over  the  top  of  the  spoil  heap  while  behind  us  were  the  disused  arsenic  calciners  at  Wheal  Anna  Maria,  all  had  been  made  safe  before  the  trails  opened  to  the  public.  

Leaving  this  once  deadly  spot  behind  us,  we  followed  our  leader  Maggie  as  she  turned  right  and  then  left  and  down  this  steep  hill  towards  Wheal  Fanny;  the  rain  became  heavier  with  every  step  we  took.  

Here  beside  the  large  pool  at  Wheal  Fanny  we  stopped  for  a  coffee  break  at  the  picnic  tables,  but  some  of  the  group  just  sheltered  beneath  the  overhanging  trees.  The  pool  here  can  be  very  busy  with  dragonflies  and  damselflies  in  the  warm  summer  months,  but  none  emerged  today  in  the  rain!    

This  mine  first  opened  in  1845  and  was  named  Wheal  Fanny  after  the  newly  born  daughter  of  Josiah  Hitchin,  the  man  who  talked  the  Duke  of  Bedford  into  allowing  mining  to  take  place  on  his  land.  Sadly  little  Fanny  died  the  following  year.    

When  work  first  began  at  Wheal  Fanny  the  copper  lode  was  struck  just  5.5m  below  the  surface.  Beneath  our  feet  these  days  it  is  like  a  subterranean  labyrinth  as  this  map  shows.  Three  vertical  shafts  connect  the  lateral  tunnels  and  apparently  some  of  the  underground  workings  are  truly  cavernous,  up  to  275m  long,  73m  high  and  15m  wide  with  shafts  spreading  out  eastwards  and  westwards.  As  we  stood  here  today  I  began  to  wonder  just  how  much  life  those  timber  pit  props  still  had  left  in  them  after  nearly  200  years!    

The  rain  was  only  short-­‐lived  and  had  stopped  by  the  time  we  retraced  our  steps  back  up  the  hill  along  the  Devon  Great  Consols  trail  and  back  past  the  spoil  heap  along  a  different  path.  A  bit  further  on  we  passed  a  couple  of  huge  ant  hills  and  when  one  of  the  walkers  poked  her  walking  pole  into  one  of  them,  swarms  of  huge  Wood  Ants  emerged  making  my  skin  crawl,  ugh!  

Further  on  still,  at  the  northern  most  edge  of  the  site  we  passed  some  farmland  beyond  the  boundary  hedge  and  the  main  group  paused  so  a  few  of  the  walkers  could  catch  up.  As  we  waited  the  farmer  entertained  us  by  driving  up  and  down  in  his  tractor  on  top  of  some  recently  dried  hay.  The  contraption  he  was  pulling  sucked  up  the  hay  and  rolled  it  up  before  spewing  large  bales  out  of  the  back  with  a  plop.  

Soon  everyone  was  walking  back  past  the  

tree-­‐surfer’s  complex  where  some  of  the  very  excitable  female,  teenagers  high  up  in  the  tree-­‐tops  were  shrieking  “Oh,  my  God!”  over  and  over,  bringing  a  smile  to  our  mature  faces.