Development of Cation Exchange Membrane for Electrolysis Of

8/17/2019 Development of Cation Exchange Membrane for Electrolysis Of

1/26

Development of Cation Exchange Membrane forElectrolysis of Sodium Chloride

1

Mtech Pre Thesis Seminar

Under The supervisionof –

Dr. Sunder Lal Pal

Presented by-

Afal Ashra!Sc No- 142117204

Department of Chemical Engineering

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology

Bhopal

On


2/26

"vervie#

• Introduction• Review of Literature

• Objectives

• Proosed !et"odo#o$%• &'eri(enta# Setu

• &'ected Resu#t and

outco(es• References

2


3/26

$ntroductionIon &'c"an$e (e(brane

)ni*ue roert%- Se#ective transort of ions

+ation &'c"an$e (e(brane – Per(eate on#% cation

,nion &'c"an$e (e(brane –Per(eate on#% anion

,#ication-

– ue# +e##

– ectrodia#%.ers

– +"#or ,#/a#i ce##s

– atteries

ectro dia#%.ers inc#ude

esa#ination of water

Production of acids andbases

Recover% of (eta# ions

Production of or$anic acids


4/26

4

+ation e'c"an$e !e(brane ,nion &'c"an$e (e(brane

+ation ,nd ,nion &'c"an$e!e(brane3

3 Source - www5c"eresources5co(6 +"#ora#/a#i(e(branece##


5/26

+"#or ,#/a#i +e## ,*ueous so#ution of Sodiu( c"#oride is

deco(osed e#ectro#%tica##% into sodiu(

"%dro'ide and #iberatin$ c"#orine and

"%dro$en $as 5 +onventiona# Process inc#ude

!ercur% ce##

ia$"ra( +e##

ot" t"e rocess were "avin$ severe

rawbac/s

In view of t"ese disadvanta$es

(e(brane ce##s "ave re#aced bot"

(ercur% and dia"ra$( ce##s

I r r e v e

r s i b # e

o i s o n o u s

! e r c u r

% o # # u t i o n

# o w c u r r e n t e 8 c i e n c % 9

r o d u c e d w e a / c e # # # i * u o r

" a v i n $ 12 – 14 w t 5:

N a O ;

r o d u c e s

" i $ " u r i

t %

c o n c e n t r a

t e d N a O ;

S o # n5

a t " i $ "

c u r r e n t

e 8 c i e n c i e s 9

o w e r


6/26

,node +at"ode

=

> ?

Na+# >;2O NaO; > ;2

Na+# > ;2O >+#2NaO; > ;2O > ;2

Na>

+#-

Na> >O;-

atic ia$ra( Of (e(brane e#ectro#%tic ce## )sin$ cation e'c"an$e (e

ectro#%sis of water atcathode2;2O > 2e

- ;2 > 2O;

-

ectro#%sis of Na+# atanode2+#- +#2 > 2e

-

"verall %eaction2Na+# > 2;2O +#2 > ;2 >

2NaO;


7/26

• Commercially used membranes are

– Nafion

– Flemion – Aciplex

Therefore there is a need to develop a membrane that is

Chemically and thermally stable

Highly selective

nexpensive

!asy to manufacture"#$

7

• Anion exchange membrane

• !xpensive

• %et denatured & high temperature

• Prepared using harsh chemical and multistep

procedures involved "'$


8/26

Literature %evie#•

Sonny Sachdeva!""#$ prepared a cross lin(ed polystyrene anion exchange membrane for

electrolysis of NaCl)

– Maximum current efficiency obtained is *+)#,

Corresponding Po-er consumption is.)/0/+12h3mole )0N salt Solution

• %ohannes &iros' and Martin Bursell !""#$

has used air diffusion electrode

– Cell voltage achieved -as about 04 5 thereby

reducing energy consumption by 6.76#:

@


9/26

• Sharath Savari !"("$ prepared cation exchange

membrane for electrolysis of NaCl to produceSodium Hydroxide

– Current efficiency of *., 8 energy consumption of

.)/123mol at 0N salt concentration for Nafion

– Current efficiency of *6, and po-er consumption of

.)6/00123mole at same salt concentration and current

density of 0#'A3m0

A


10/26

"b&ectives

To prepare a ceramic supported cation exchange membrane

modified using lo- temperature reaction -ith chloroacetic acid))

To characteri9e it using S!M5 FT:)

To use it for electrolysis for NaCl

To report the performance of the membrane in terms of current

efficiency and po-er re;uirement)

To report the effect of various parameter li(e current density5 salt

concentration and flo- rate on performance of membrane)

10


11/26

Methodology

11

)olymer preparation•Styrene

•=P?@• A9o7bis7isobutyronitrile >A=N@

•


12/26

+#a% suort +o(osition3=

12

Sr.'o Clay %a#material Chemical(ormula Composition

1 Dao#in ,#2ESi2O


13/26

1

Prearation of c#a% suort

!i'ture is !i'ed wit"water and cast in arin$7=(( dia and

4(( t"ic/

Sintered at A00 +

Hreatin$ wit" H&OS ;2O;+L

;eatin$ at 100 and2


14/26

Po#%(er +o(onent +o(osition

14

Sr.'o

Component Chemical(ormula

Composition in Mole

Composition ingrams

1 St%rene +@;@ 0514400 1450000

2 i-vin%#

ben.ene

+10;10 0500220 0051@


15/26

1<

Prearation of +o(osite!e(brane

S%nt"esis ofPo#%(er s%ru

Bas"ed wit"disti##ed water

Hreated wit" 10:Na+# so#ution for 4

"rs

!i'ture ofSt%rene

,IN PO !, is"eated

+oo#ed and s#ow#%casted on suort

!odiJed wit"c"#oroacetic acid


16/26

1=

Clay Support

&'ected Resu#t and Outco(e


17/26

17

Sc"e(atic Of &'eri(enta#Setu


18/26

1@

Experimental Setup


19/26

1A

Membrane Casted on Clay

Support


20/26

20

)op *ie# of Composite Membrane


21/26

21

+alf Cell Setup


22/26

Proosed Bor/

!e(brane +"aracteri.ation – H"e ()$% Spectroscopy ana#%sis wi## be carried

out to conJr( t"e resence of carbon%# E+KOFfunctiona# $rous c"aracteristic of carbo'%#ic

acid $rous on t"e (odiJed (e(brane surface5 – Scanning Electron Microscope ana#%.e to be

done

&ect of ara(eter #i/e concentration of

sa#t current densit% +ircu#ation rate wi## bestudied on t"e erfor(ance of (e(brane5

22


23/26

2

*eferences

15 S"arat" Savari Sonn% Sac"deva ,ni# Du(ar 5ectro#%sis of

sodiu( c"#oride usin$ co(osite cation e'c"an$e (e(brane55s5#5 C ourna# of (e(brane science 200@525 5,5 Dent Rie$e#s5 Handbook of industrail chemistry 10thedition. s5#5 C D#uewer acade(ic 20155 urse## o"annes DirosQ and !artin Low ner!y "onsumption in"hlor-alkali "ells Usin! o#y!en reduction electrodes.5 200@ Int5 5

ectroc"e(5 5 441-4


24/26

@5 5D5 S"a"i ;i$"#% c"ar$ed roton-e'c"an$e (e(braneCsu#fonated o#%Eet"er su#foneF-si#ica o#%e#ectro#%te co(osite

(e(branes for fue# ce##s So#id State Ionics 177 E2007F A


25/26

2<

)han,

you


26/26

2=

Documents

Development of Cation Exchange Membrane for Electrolysis Of