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Deep Mapping in the Rustbelt
Using GIS to Visualize the Past in the Present
Dan Trepal, Postdoctoral ResearcherUniversity of Michigan-Flint
Ways We Look at the Past: History
The Historical Record:
• Maps
• Photographs
• Directories and Gazetteers
• Official Records
• Tax records, Employee records, Census etc
• Letters, Diaries, Correspondence
The Archaeological Record
• Ancient– and modern
• Standing Ruins
• Buried Remains – Brownfields
• Artifactsmichiganradio.org
wsmh.com
Sagchip.org
mlive.com
Ways We Look at the Past: Archaeology
• Professional / Public
• Memory
• Identity
• Multivocal – often conflicting!
Ways We Look at the Past: Heritage
flintside.com
eastvilalgemagazine.com
GIS: Space as a Unifier
• Map and link different pieces of information in space
• Longitudinal (through time)
• Flexible visualization
• Digital Big Data
Building a Historical Spatial Data Infrastructure (HSDI)
Enterprise Geodatabases
“A spatial way to represent, or ground, the complex world that humanists study, with its myriad connections between people, places, and environments”
Bodenhamer, Corrigan, Harris, 2015.
• Deep mapping may be an answer to overcoming the limitations and challenges of earlier GIS-based approaches.
• Deep Mapping aims to create a fine detailed depiction of space and place through time
HSDI: Foundation for a Deep Map
Goal: Reveal the complex and contingent context of populations, places, and events within and across time and space
Deep Maps integrate multi-dimensional information about and representations of:
• Space
• Time
• Architecture
• Material Culture
• People (demography)
• Environment
• Community Knowledge
Above: digital deep map of Calumet (KeTT); Left: WSU students map the 8-Mile “race” wall as part of a digital storytelling project
HSDI: Foundation for a Deep Map
The Copper Country
• Unusually pure native Copper
• Mining boom beginning in 1840s
• Mining activity ceases by the 1960s
Keweenaw Time Traveler
The Historical Record 1888-1950:
• Maps
• City Directories
• User-Submitted Stories
Upcoming:
• Census
• School Records
• Employee records
• Sanitation Records
Building Publicly-accessible infrastructure
Total Records: 308,568Total variables recorded: 6,925,314
Keweenawhistory.com
Explore Historical Maps Search for People, Addresses, Places
2017 -1949 -1928 -1917 -1908 -1900 -1888 -1858 -
Keweenaw Time Traveler
User-Submitted Stories
Keweenawhistory.com
Explore Historical Maps Search for People, Addresses, Places
The Value of Deep Mapping• Move information out of the archives and into the public
space
• Spatially situate past environments within a contemporary physical context• Visualize change over time
• Populate the historical landscape
• Balance between expert-led research and community-driven multivocal heritage• Space for stories
Informed Decision-making: Cumulative Intensity of Industrial Land use: in London, Ontario
1888 2018Over 130 years of industrial activity
Trepal, Dan, and Don Lafreniere. "Understanding cumulative hazards in a rustbelt city:
Integrating GIS, archaeology, and spatial history." Urban Science 3, no. 3 (2019): 83.
“Lost” Places still exist:• Archaeological Remains
• Historical Record
• Heritage: Memory and Lived Experience
Floral Park
1954 1956 1967 1975 2019
Building a Flint HSDI• Web-Based Apps
• Explore ‘Lost’ Neighborhoods in Flint using historical imagery and maps
• Share Spatialized Stories
• Public Beta Version: January 2020
Thank You!
http://www.keweenawhistory.com/
Supported By:
