RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURERules 110 127General
MattersRequisites for exercise of criminal jurisdiction1. The court
is clothed with jurisdiction over the offense by virtue of the
imposable penalty and its nature; and2. The action has been filed
within the territorial jurisdiction of the court.Jurisdiction of
Criminal courtsCourtOriginalExclusive Appellate
Supreme CourtExclusive:Petitions for certiorari, prohibition and
mandamus against the CA and Sandiganbayan.Concurrent:a) with CA:
petitions for certiorari, prohibition and mandamus against RTC;b)
with CA and RTC: petitions for certiorari, prohibition and mandamus
against lower courts;c) with Sandiganbayan: petitions for mandamus,
prohibition, certiorari,habeas corpus, injunction and ancillary
writs in aid of its appellate jurisdiction and over petitions of
similar nature, includingquo warrantoarising or that may arise in
cases filed or which may be filed under EO Nos. 1, 2, 14 and
14-A.By Appeal:a) from the RTC in all criminal cases involving
offenses for which the penalty isreclusion perpetuaor life
imprisonment, and those involving other offenses which, although
not so punished, arose out of the same occurrence or which may have
been committed by the accused on the same occasion;b) Automatic
review where death penalty is imposed.By Petition for Review
onCertiorari:a) from the Court of Appeals;b) from the
Sandiganbayan;c) from the RTC where only an error or question of
law is involved.
Court of AppealsExclusive:Actions for annulment of judgments of
the RTCConcurrent:a) with the SC: petitions for certiorari,
prohibition and mandamus against RTC;b) with SC and RTC: petitions
for certiorari, prohibition and mandamus against lower courts.By
Appeal:From the RTC in cases commenced therein, except those
appealable to the SC or the Sandiganbayan;By Petition for
Review:From the RTC in cases appealed thereto from the lower courts
and not appealable to the Sandiganbayan
SandiganbayanExclusive:a) Violations of RA 3019, as amended, RA
1379, and bribery and corruption offenses under the Revised Penal
Code, where one or more of the accused are officials occupying
positions in the government, whether in a permanent, acting or
interim capacity, at the time of the commission of the offense;b)
Other offenses or felonies whether simple or complexed with other
crimes committed in relation to their office by the public
officials and employees mentioned in Sec. 4[a], PD 1606, as amended
by RA 7075;b) Criminal cases filed pursuant to and in connection
with EO Nos. 1, 2, 14, and 14-A,By Appeal:a) from the RTC in cases
under PD 1606, as amended by PD 1861, whether or not the cases were
decided b them in the exercise of their original or appellate
jurisdictions;
Regional Trial CourtsAll criminal cases which are not within the
exclusive jurisdiction of any court, tribunal or body.All cases
decided by lower courts in their respective territorial
jurisdictions.
Metropolitan, Municipal and Municipal Circuit Trial
CourtsOriginal:a) Violations of city or municipal ordinances
committed within their respective territorial jurisdictions;b) All
offenses punishable with imprisonment of not more than 6 years
irrespective of the amount of fine, and in all cases of damage to
property through criminal negligence, regardless of other penalties
and the civil liabilities arising therefrom; andc) All offenses
(except violations of RA 3019, RA 1379 and Arts. 210 to 212, RPC)
committed by public officers and employees in relation to their
office, including those employed in GOCCs, and by private
individuals charged as co-principals, accomplices or accessories,
punishable with imprisonment of not more than 6 years or where none
of the accused holds a position of salary Grade 27 and
higher.Summary Procedurea) Traffic violations;b) Violations of the
rental law;c) Violations of city or municipal ordinances; andd) All
other offenses where the penalty does not exceed 6 months
imprisonment and/or P1,000 fine, irrespective of other penalties or
civil liabilities arising therefrom, and in offenses involving
damage to property through criminal negligence where the imposable
fine does not exceed P10,000.
JURISDICTION OF THE MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS IN CRIMINAL CASES1.
Exclusive original jurisdiction over all violations of city or
municipal ordinances committed within their respective territorial
jurisdiction
2. Exclusive original jurisdiction over all offenses punishable
with imprisonment not exceeding 6 years, regardless of the fine or
other accessory penalties and civil liability
3. Offenses involving damage to property through criminal
negligence
4. In cases where the only penalty provided by law is a fine, it
has exclusive jurisdiction over offenses punishable by a fine not
exceeding P4000
5. In election offenses, cases involving failure to register or
failure to vote
6. Special jurisdiction to hear and decide petitioners for a
writ of habeas corpus or application for bail in the province or
city where the RTC judge is absent
7. Cases involving BP 22Bouncing Checks Law
REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS IN CRIMINAL CASES1. Exclusive original
jurisdiction in criminal cases not within the exclusive
jurisdiction of any court, tribunal or body, except those falling
under the exclusive and concurrent jurisdiction of the
SandiganbayanAll criminal cases where the penalty is higher than 6
years, including government-related cases wherein the accused in
not one of those falling under the jurisdiction of the
Sandiganbayan is within the jurisdiction of the RTC.2. Other laws
which specifically lodge jurisdiction in the RTCa. Laws on written
defamation or libelb. Decree on Intellectual Propertyc. Dangerous
Drugs Cases except where the offenders are below 16 years and there
are Juvenile and Domestic Relations Courts in the province3.
Appellate jurisdiction over all cases decided by MTCs in their
respective territorial jurisdiction4. In areas where there are no
family courts, the cases falling under the jurisdiction of family
courts shall be adjudicated by the RTC
