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COMMIT txl;vkyfief;pDrHcsuf 2 (2008-2010)\ 'kwd,ajrmufESpf\ tqHk;jzpfaom2009 ckESpfwGif COMMIT (6)EkdifiHtpdk;&rsm;jzpfMuaom uREkfyfwdkYonf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;tultnDtm; wdk;wufaumif;rGefatmif aqmif&Gufjcif;onf rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'otwGuf tjrifhrm;qHk;aom vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&; OD;pm;ay; tpDtpOfrsm;teufwpfcktjzpf pdppfowfrSwfcJhMuonf/ ¤if;aemufrSqufvufí 2010 ckESpfwGif tjynfjynf qkdif&ma&TUajymif;oGm;vma&;tzJGUtpnf; (IOM) \ a'oqkdif&mvkyfief;aqmif&GufrItkyfpk wpfpkjzpfaomNEXUS Institute, Save the Children, UNIAP, UNICEF ESifh World Vision wdkYonf(u) a'owGif;&Sdvuf&Sd (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDay;rI ,EÅ,m;rsm;udk pDpOfaqmif&Guf&efESifh(c) olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemufydkif; tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifh vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifhywfoufí trSefwu,f vlukeful;jcif;cH&olrsm;xHrS ½ Iaxmifhtjrifrsm;udk &&Sdap&eftwGufuREkfyfwdkY\tpkd;&rsm;udk pkaygif;íulnDyhHydk;rIay;&ef tpnf;ta0; usif;yjyKvkyfcJhMuonf/ xdkYtjyifa'owGif;&Sdvuf&Sd (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDay;rI ,EÅ,m;rsm;udk pDpOfaqmif&Guf&efESifh ydkif;jcm;pdwfjzmavhvm&ef 2010 ckESpfaemufydkif;umv wpfavsmufvHk;wGif trsKd;om;tqifhvufawGUvkyfudkifaqmif&Gufolrsm;\ awGUqHkyGJ (zdk&rf) rsm;udk qufwkdufusif;ycJhMuonf/þaqG;aEG;wkdifyifrIrsm;u þtpD&ifcHpm\ jzpfay:wdk;wufrItwGuf tajccHtkwfjrpfrsm;udkcsrSwfay;cJhNyD; (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifh vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESifh olwdkY\rdom;pkrsm;twGuf tvHk;pHk 0efaqmifrI rsm;ESifh aemufydkif;umv ulnDapmifha&SmufrIwdkYudk wkd;wufaumif;rGefatmifaqmif&Guf&ef COMMIT tpdk;&rsm;jzpfMuaom uREkfyfwdkY\ pOfqufrjywfBudK;yrf;tm;xkwfrIwpf&yf pwifaqmif&Gufjcif; jyKvkyf&ef tcsufjycJhonf/

COMMIT tpdk;&rsm;jzpfMuaom uREkfyfwdkYonf vlukeful;rItqHk;owfa&;jzpfaomtvGefta&;ygvSonfh vkyfief;wm0eftay: uREkfyfwdkY\ tm½HkpdkufrIESifh t&if;tjrpfrsm; cGJa0rIwdkYudkqufvufí wkd;jr§ifhaqmif&Gufvsuf&SdpOf þuJhodkYaom aMumif;usKd;cdkifvHkí tao;pdwf wdusaocsmrI&Sdaom okawoeonf jypfrItm;wkdufzsuf&mwGif ta&;tygqHk;aom vufeufud&d,mrsm;xJrS wpfcktjzpfqufvufí &Sdaernfjzpfonf/ þokawoe trsKd;tpm;aMumifhomvQif uREkfyfwdkYonf þaMumufrufzG,faumif;aom jypfrI\ om;aumifrsm;\ twd'ku©jzpf&yfudkydkí aumif;pGm

- 2 -- 2 -- 2 -- 2 -- 2 -

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- 3 -- 3 -- 3 -- 3 -- 3 -

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uREkfyfonf COMMIT (6)EkdifiHtpdk;&rsm;udkvnf; todtrSwfjyK aus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/ ¤if;wdkYonf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udpö&yfudk OD;pm;ay;aqmif&Guf½Hkomru? þtvGefta&;BuD;aomvkyfief;e,fy,fwGif rl0g'ESifh vufawGUvkyfudkifaqmif&GufrIudk rnfuJhodkY wkd;wufaumif;rGefatmifvkyfaqmif&rnfqdkonfhtaMumif;udk vlukeful;cH&olrsm;xHrS wkduf½kdufavhvmoif,ljcif;\ ta&;ygrIudkvnf; nDrQpGmyif todtrSwfjyKcJhMuonf/ okawoeavhvmcsufvkyfief;udk tvSL&SiftcsKdUESifh uGJjym;aom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh at*sifpDrsm;\ yg0ifxnfh0ifrIrsm;jzifh &efyHkaiGaxmufyhHcJhMuonf/ azmfjyygtzJGUtpnf;rsm;tm; aus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/ ANESVAD Foundation, Australian Agency forInternational Development, New Zealand Min'instry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, NorwegianMinistry of Foreign Affairs, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency andUS Deparement of State. tjcm;azmfudkifzuf at*sifpDrsm;wGif IOM, Save the Children, SomalyMam Foundation, UNICEF, World Vision and NEXUS Institute wdkYyg0ifonf/

pwif vkyfaqmifrIudk UNIAP u OD;aqmifcJhNyD; nd§EIdif;aqmif&GufcJhonf/ uREkfyfonf befaumufNrdKU&Sd UNIAP \ a'oqkdif&mpDrHcefYcGJrI½Hk; (UNIAP’s Regional Management Office-RMO) \trIxrf;rsm;ESifh uGJjym;jcm;em;aom pGrf;aqmif&nfrsm;jzifh uGJjym;jcm;em;aom tqifhrsm;ü okawoepDrHcsufudkvkyfaqmifcJhMuaom EkdifiHtvdkufpDrHcsuf½Hk;rsm; toD;oD;udkaus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/okawoepwifvkyfaqmifrIwGifyg0ifaqmif&GufcJhMuaom UNIAP trIxrf;rsm; tm;vHk;udk avhvmcsuf tjynfhtpHkpmwrf;wGif pm&if;jyKpkazmjyxm;onf/ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; pwifvkyfaqmifrIudk tzJGUtpnf;rsm;ESifh at*sifpDrsm; trsKd;pHkyg0ifaom a'oqkdif&mvkyfief;tzJGUwpf&yfu BuD;MuyfuGyfuJcJhonf/ Savethe Children UK, World Vision International, IOM, UNICEF, NEXUS InstituteESifh UNIAPwdkYtm;aus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/ EkdifiHtvdkuftqifhwGif avhvmcsuftm;taumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Guf&mwGif? txl;ojzihf wkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;xH a&muf&Sda&;udk vG,fulacsmarmatmifaqmif&Gufay;jcif;ESifhtrsKd;om;tqifh aqG;aEG;wkdifyifa&;vkyfief;pOftwGif; avhvmcsuftwGuf yPmrawGU&Sdcsufrsm;tay:wkefYjyefcsufrsm;udk ay;tyfjcif;wdkYwGif trsKd;rsKd;aom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;u yg0ifvkyfaqmifcJhMuonf/ tm;vHk;udk trSefwu,f aus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/ ¤if;wdkY\ pm&if;tjynfhtpHkonf

- 4 -- 4 -- 4 -- 4 -- 4 -

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wpfzJGUrS OD;aqmifjyKvkyfcJhNyD; uGif;qif;vkyfief;BuD;Muyfa&;rSL;wpfOD;u BuD;MuyfuGyfuJcJhonf/ uREkfyfonfEkdifiHtvkduf okawoetzJGUrsm;\ tzJGU0iftoD;oD;tm; trSefwu,faus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/ olwdkYESifhtwlwl tvkyfvkyf&onfudk uREkfyfESpfoufaysmf&TifrI&SdcJhNyD; olwdkYonf tcsuftvufaumufcHa&;vkyfief;tawmtwGif;ü ajrmufjrm;pGmaom cufcJ½IyfaxG;rIrsm;ESifh uefYowfcsKwfcs,frIrsm;ukd &ifqkdif&apumrl?olwdkY\ wkdif;jynfrsm;&Sd vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifh vdktyfcsufrsm;taMumif; wefzdk;rjzwfEkdifaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk aumuf,lcJhMuonf/ olwdkY\trnfrsm;onf avhvmcsuftjynfhtpHk pmwrf;wGifyg&Sdonf/

uREfkyfonf Pattarin Wimolpitayarat tm; aus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/ olronf tvGefxl;cRefaomokawoDwpfOD;jzpfonfhtjyif awGUqHkar;jref;rIrsm;udk &Sif;vif;&mwGifESifh cdkifvHkatmif jyKvkyf&mwGifBuD;rm;pGm tultnDay;cJhNyD; a'owGif;ü olr\ ulnDaxmufyHha&;ESifh umuG,fapmifha&Smufa&; todynmA[kokwwdkYudk yHhydk;jznfhqnf;ay;cJhonf/ aemufqHk;taejzifh uREkfyfonf avhvmcsufwGifol\ tNrJwaptultnD&onfh xdk;xGif;odjrifrIESifh wkefYjyefrIwkdYtwGufvnf;aumif; okawoepDrHcsuftm; taumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Gufa&;vkyfief; wpfavsmufvHk;wGifol\ axmufcHrIESifh tm;ay;rIwdkYtwGufvnf;aumif;? NEXUS Institute \ Ouú|ESifh wnfaxmifol Stephen Warnath tm; aus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/

Rebecca SurteestBuD;wef;okawoDNEXUS Institute

- 5 -- 5 -- 5 -- 5 -- 5 -

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- 6 -- 6 -- 6 -- 6 -- 6 -

qkdufa&mufEkdifiHwGif vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif; rcHMu&bJ jynfESif'Pfay;jcif;cHMu&onf/odkYr[kwf? olwdkYzmomolwdkY tdrfjyef&efenf;vrf;&SmNyD; (aiGaMu;jznfhqnf;) Mu&um tusKd;quftjzpfta<u;wifjcif;jzifh tqHk;owfMu&onf/ tcsKdUrSm vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&NyD; tdrfjyefydkYjcif;cHMu&aomfvnf; olwdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;ESifh &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh jyóemrsm;BuHKawGUMu&um(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udk cufcJ½IwfaxG;apcJhNyD; wpfcgwpf&HwGif jyefvnfa&TUajymif;oGm;vmjcif;udkyifOD;wnfjzpfay:apcJhonf/ tcsdKU vlukeful;cH&olrsm;rSm ulnDrIykHpHtcsdKUudk &&dScJhMuonf/ odkYaomfvlukeful;jcif;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKrSvGwfajrmufNyD; a&SUqufoGm;&efESifh vlYtodkif;t0dkif;twGif; atmifjrifpGm (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;&eftwGuf olwdkYvdktyfaom (&ydkifcGifhvnf;&Sdaom) tultnD tjynfhtpkHudk r&&dSMuyg/ þtcsufESifh tnDtrQ ta&;BuD;aom awGU&SdcsufrSm tcsdKUu rdrdoabmqEtavsmufulnDrIrcHbJ ¤if;wdkYtm; urf;vSrf;vmaom taxmuftyHhtcsdKU (odkYr[kwf) tm;vkH;udk jiif;y,fjcif;yifjzpfonf/ þaxGjym;í ½IyfaxG;aom vlukeful;rIaemufydkif;vrf;aMumif;rsm;u rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'otwGif;(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif yg0ifywfoufaeMuaom udpö&yfrsm;ESifh vIyf&Sm;ajymif;vJrIrsm;\ us,fjyefYonfh twdkif;twmudk rD;armif;xdk;jyvsuf&Sdonf/ ¤if;u vuf&Sd (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;,EÅ,m;rsm;ESifh vkyfief;pOfrsm;\ tm;omcsufrsm;ESifh tm;enf;csufrsm;udkvnf;rD;armif;xdk;jyvsuf&Sdonf/

avhvmcsuf\ A[dktcsuftjcmusaom tm½Hkpl;pdkufrIrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ yk*¾dKvffwpfOD;csif;(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk em;vnfoabmayguf&efjzpfonf/ rnfonfutjyKoabmaqmifonf? rnfonfu atmifjrifrIenf;yg;onfESifh aumif;rGefaom usifhoHk;aqmif&GufrIrsm;udk yHkwlul;,l&ef ?odkYr[kwf? jyóemjzpfapaom t&mrsm;udk a&SmifMuOf&ef tem*wfwGif rnfonfudk vkyfaqmif&rnf ponfwdkYjzpfonf/ta&;BuD;onfrSm awGUqHkar;jref;rIrsm;\ tm½Hkpl;pdkufrIonfvlukeful;rI wm;qD;umuG,fa&; aqmif&Gufolrsm;u vkyfaqmifonfht&m (odkYr[kwf? vkyfaqmif&ef&nf&G,fxm;onfht&m) tay:wGifom &Sdonfr[kwfbJ? þMum;0if aqmif&GufrIrsm;udk vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk,fwkdifu rnfodkY em;vnfoabmaygufNyD; awGUBuHKcHpm;&onf[lonfh tcsufay:wGif ydkí&Sdonf/Oyrmtm;jzifh- þavhvmcsufonfrnfonfhtaxmuftyHh ESifh tultnDudk ay;tyfonf[lonfhtaMumif;om r[kwfbJ? xdktaxmuftyHhESifh tultnDudk vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u rnfodkY½Ijrifonf?awGUBuHKcHpm;onfESifh wefzdk;xm;onf[lonfh taMumif;ESifh xkdulnDaxmufyHhrIu olwdkY\ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tawGUtBuHKudk rnfodkY yHhydk;jznfhqnf;onf (ESifh wpfcgwpf&HwGif yHhydk;jznfhqnf;rIr&Sd)[lonfh taMumif;vnf;jzpfonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ tppftrSef b0tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESihf vdktyfcsufrsm;udk wifjyjcif;tm;jzifh þavhvmcsufonf xdckdufepfemcJh&onfh olrsm;\ wkduf½dkufajymqdk wifjycsufrsm;tay:wGif tajccHí rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'owGif xGufay:vmrnfh (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;rl0g'rsm;ESifh pDrHcsufrsm;\ tajccHtkwfjrpfrsm;udk zJGUpnf;xlaxmif&ef vufawGUaqmif&Gufolrsm;ESifhrl0g'csrSwfolrsm;udk vkyfaqmiffEdkifaponf/

þavhvmrIonf vlukeful;cH&ol (252)a,mufESifh awGUqkHNyD; ¤if;wdkY\ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;jcif; tawGUtBuHKrsm; taMumif;udk twGif;usus awGUqkHar;jref;csufrsm;ay:wGif tajccHxm;onf/ þtawGUtBuHKrsm;wGif ¤if;wdkY\ atmifjrifrIrsm;? pdefac:rIrsm;? tem*wfpDrHudef;ESifh&nf rSef;csufrsm; yg0ifonf/ þavhvmrItwGuf awGUqkHar;jref;cJhaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf rJacgifjrpf0Srf; (6)EdkifiHpvkH;rSvm olrsm;jzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm a,mufsm;rsm;? rdef;rrsm;ESifh uav;rsm;jzpfNyD; t"r®tvkyfcdkif;apjcif;? vdifacgif;ykHjzwfjcif;? awmif;&rf;cdkif;apjcif;ESifh t"r®vufxyfjcif; ponfh trsdK;rsdK;aom ykHpHrsm;jzifh vlukeful;cH&olrsm;jzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYtxJwGif vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&olrsm;ESifh

- 7 -- 7 -- 7 -- 7 -- 7 -

ulnDjcif;cH&olrsm;ygouJhodkY vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pDppfowfrSwfjcif;rcH&olrsm;ESifh odkYr[kwf ulnDjcif;rcH&olrsm;vnf; yg0ifonf/awGU&Sdcsufrsm;onf olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfh tajctaerS xGufcGmNyD;aemufBuHKawGU&aom olwdkY\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;taMumif;ESifh vlukeful;cH&jcif;rS a&SUqufoGm;&efESifh vlUtzGJUtpnf;wGif (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;&ef olwdkYBudK;yrf;&mwGif &ifqkdifBuHKawGU&onfh pdefac:rItcuftcJrsm;taMumif; ajymqdk&mwGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk,fwkdif owfrSwfazmfjycJhonfh uGufvyfrsm;ESifh udpö&yfrsm;wpf0dkufwGif A[dkjyKxm;onf/

þavhvmcsufwGif wifjyxm;onfh awGU&Sdcsufrsm;udk EkdifiHwpfckcktwGuf oD;oefYtaMumif;t&mtjzpfavhvmzwf½Ijcif; rjyKbJ? a'owpf0Srf;vHk;ü azmfxkwfowfrSwfcJhonfh tm;vHk;udk vTrf;NcHKonfhudpö&yfrsm;udk xif[yfazmfjyjcif;tjzpf ydkíwduspGmavhvm zwf½Ioifhonf/ ta&;BuD;onfrSm awGU&Sdcsufrsm;onf tzGJUtpnf; (odkYr[kwf) tifpwDusL;&Sif; wpfckck\ xifjrifawG;ac:rI r[kwfbJ a'owpf0Srf;vHk;ESifh tcsKdUaom trIudpörsm;wGif a'ojyifyüygjzpfay:aeonfh trIudpöaygif;pHkESifh qufpyftajctaersm;wGif rSwfwrf;jyKpkxm;onfh a,bk,stqifyHkpHrsm;\ NcHKiHkoHk;oyfcsufwpf&yftjzpfydkírSefuefrI&Sdonf/

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifh wkefYjyefcsufrsm;udk wifjy&mwGif &nf&G,fcsufonfvlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&; toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Sifrsm;? odkYr[kwf? a'owGif;ü wm0ef,laqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdaom vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&; BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfrIrsm;tm; ravsmfuefpGm a0zefjypfwif&ef r[kwfyg/ ydkíwduspGmqdk&vQif &nf&G,fcsufonf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; wkefYjyefaqmif&Gufcsufrsm;\ pDpOfyHkESifh taumiftxnfazmfrIwGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk ajyma&;qdkcGifhay;&efESifh xdkodkYvkyfaqmif&mwGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ ½IaxmifhtjrifrSaeí (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ESifh ywfoufí tvkyfjzpfonfht&mESifh wkd;wufaumif;rGefatmifaqmif&Guf&ef vdktyfonfht&mwdkYudkavhvmoif,l&efjzpfonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ ajymqdkrIwkdYudk em;axmifjcif;ESifh olwdkYxHrS avhvmoif,ljcif;onf olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKrSa&SUqufí oGm;&mwGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udkydkí aumif;rGefpGm ulnDaxmufyHh&ef BudK;pm;vsuf&Sdonfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;udktaxmuftulay;&mwGif BuD;rm;aom tultnDjzpfEkdifonf/ þawGU&Sdcsufrsm;ESifh tBuHjyKaxmufcHcsufrsm;udk pDrHcsufrsm;ESifh rl0g'rsm;tm; wkd;wufaumif;rGefatmifaqmif&Gufa&;ESifh? a'owGif;ü (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfrIrsm; jyKvkyf&ef vlukeful;rI wm;qD;umuG,fa&;u@\ wm0ef,luwdjyKrIudk a&&SnfwnfwHhapa&; tusKd;pD;yGm;twGuf urf;vSrf;ay;tyfonf/

a'owGif; (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;jcif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;ESifh zGJUpnf;rIrsm;\ xda&mufrIudktuJjzwf&ef &nf&G,fonfh (2nd COMMIT Sub-Regional Plan of Action (2008-2010) wGifyg0ifonfh Project Proposal Concept 5 (PPC5) atmuf&Sd a'owGif; (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; pwifvkyfaqmifcsufESifh qufpyfí þ okawoeavhvmcsufudk aqmif&GufcJhonf/ ¤if;udk (3rd

COMMIT Sub-Regional Plan of Action (2011-2013) under Area3, Protection atmufwGifqufvufaqmif&GufcJhonf/ þavhvmcsufonf rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'owGif;&Sd vlukeful;rIwm;qD; umuG,fa&;rl0g'csrSwfolrsm;ESihf vufawGUvdkufemusifhokH;olrsm;twGuf &nf&G,faomfvnf; þawGU&Sdcsufrsm;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ tusdK;pD;yGm;ESifh tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifhtnD ¤if;wdkY\ vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fwkefYjyefrIudk jr§ifhwif&ef BudK;pm;vsuf&Sdaom tjcm;aom EdkifiHrsm;ESifh a'orsm;rS rl0g'csrSwfolrsm;ESifh vufawGUaqmif&Gufolrsm;twGufvnf; qDavsmfrI&Sdonf/

- 8 -- 8 -- 8 -- 8 -- 8 -

okawoeaqmif&GufrIenf;vrf;? tcsuftvufpkaqmif;jcif;ESifU usifU0wfqdkif&mudpö&yfrsm;okawoeaqmif&GufrIenf;vrf;ESifU csOf;uyfenf;

þokawoeavhvmcsufonf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;jcif; tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifh pdefac:rIrsm;udk em;vnfap&ef enf;vrf;wpfcktjzpf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemufydkif; tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk tpDtpOfwus ykHpHxkwf&ef t"dutm½kHpl;pdkufonf/

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ vlukeful;jcif; rcH&rDu tajctaersm;? a&TUajymif;oGm;vmjcif;ESifhvlukeful;cH&rI tawGUtBuHKrsm;? olwdkY\ tultnD vdktyfcsufrsm;? pdk;&drfylyefrIrsm;ESifh tem*wf&nfrSef;csufponfwdkYtm; avhvm&ef twGif;usus tcsuftvufaumuf,ljcif;udk trsdK;pkHaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESifh awGUqkHaumuf,lcJhonf/ vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHK tao;pdwf tcsuftvufrsm;tay: toifhtwifhtav;xm;aomfvnf; t"dutm½kHpl;pdkufrIrSm (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;jcif;vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk em;vnfa&;ESifh cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmavhvma&;? wkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;tMum;&Sd tvGefuGJjym;jcm;em;aom tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk todtrSwfjyKa&;yifjzpfonf/ awGUqkHar;jref;rIrsm;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;taejzifh þvkyfief;pOfrsm;udk rnfuJhodkY ½IjrifNyD; awGUBuHKcHpm;oenf;qdkonfhtcsufay:wGifvnf;wlnDpGm tm½kHpl;pdkufonf/ okawoDrsm;onf yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;\ tawGUtBuHK tao;pdwftcsuftvufrsm;t& olwdkY\ pkHprf;ar;jref;rI vrf;aMumif;rsm;tm; jyKjyifajymif;vJí ar;Edkifaomfvnf; tcsuftvufrsm;udk pHjyKowfrSwfxm;aom ppfwrf;ar;cGef;vTmtwdkif;aumuf,lonf/ pHjyKowfrSwfxm;aom ppfaq;ar;jref;rIonf okawoDrsm;tm; pkHprf;ar;jref;rIvrf;aMumif;rsm;wGif wlnDrIESifh a&SUaemufnDñGwfrIudkxdef;odrf;&mwGif ulnDonf/

awGUqkHar;jref;rIrsm;udk EdkifiHwpfckcsif;pDrS EdkifiHom;okawoDrsm;tm; OD;aqmifokawoDuoifwef;ay;NyD;aemuf ¤if;wdkYu aqmif&Gufonf/ okawoDrsm; tm;vkH;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm; tygt0if b0&yfwnf&ef cufcJolrsm;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;zl;onfh ,cif tawGUtBuHKrsm; &SdcJhMuonf/ xdkYjyif¤if;wdkYtm; OD;aqmifokawoDESifh EdkifiHom;uGif;qif;BuD;Muyfa&;rSL;wdkYu oifwef;ay;NyD; BuD;MuyfuGyfuJonf/ awGUqkHar;jref;rIrsm;udk ,kHMunfpdwfcs&aom bmomjyefwpfOD;u bmomjyefay;NyD; EdkifiHom;uGif;qif;BuD;Muyfa&;rSL;u twnfjyKonf/ twnfjyKNyD;aom awGUqkHar;jref;rI rSwfwrf;rsm;tm;befaumufNrdKUwGif tajcpdkufxm;aom OD;aqmifokawoDyk*¾dKvftm; tcsuftvufrsm; &Sif;vif;pDppf&ef?pm&if;oGif;&efESifh cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmokH;oyf&ef ay;ydkYonf/ tcsuftvuf cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmokH;oyfjcif;onftaMumif;t&mtvdkufcGJjcrf;pdwfjzmrI pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;udk vdkufemNyD; data analysis softwareNVivo 9 udk tokH;jyKonf/

- 9 -- 9 -- 9 -- 9 -- 9 -

erlema&G;cs,frI rlabmif

vlukeful;rI okawoetrsm;pkonf vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&NyD; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tay:wGif tm½Hkpl;pdkufrIjyKaomaMumifh þavhvmcsufonf vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf rnfonfhtcgurQ pdppfowfrSwfjcif;rcH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm; ESifh odkYr[kwf rnfonfhtcgurQ ulnDjcif;rcH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk olwdkY\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifh vdktyfcsufrsm;wGif rnfonfhuGJjym;jcm;em;rIudkrqdk em;vnfoabmayguf&eftwGuf awGUqHkar;jref;&ef BudK;pm;cJhonf/ wkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;udk vlukeful;cH&ol trsKd;tpm; (4)rsKd;rS &SmazG&,lcJhonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&NyD; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;/vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&NyD; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;/vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&NyD; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;/vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&NyD; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;/vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&NyD; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;/vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&; t"du wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwf

jcif;cH&NyD; vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&; (anti-trafficking) (AT) rlabmiftwGif;ü? odkYr[kwf?vlrIa&;ulnD axmufyHhrIpepfrSwpfqifh ulnDjcif;cH&onf/

2/2/2/2/2/ vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;rcH&aom vlukeful;vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;rcH&aom vlukeful;vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;rcH&aom vlukeful;vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;rcH&aom vlukeful;vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;rcH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;/cH&olrsm;/cH&olrsm;/cH&olrsm;/cH&olrsm;/ vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&aomfvnf; vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&;?odkYr[kwf? taxGaxGvlrIa&;ulnDaxmufyHhrI rlabmiftwGif;ü ulnDjcif; rcHMu&yg/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf...

(1) ulnDaxmufyHhrIudk rurf;vSrf;aomaMumifh (odkYr[kwf) r&&SdEkdifaomaMumifh?(2) ol olronf ulnDaxmufyhHrIudk rvdktyfaomaMumifh ESifh odkYr[kwf(3) ol olronf ulnDaxmufyHhrIudk jiif;y,fcJhaomaMumifh jzpfonf/

3/3/3/3/3/ vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;rcH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;rcH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;rcH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;rcH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;rcH&aomfvnf; ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm; /cH&olrsm; /cH&olrsm; /cH&olrsm; /cH&olrsm; / vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;rcH&aomfvnf; vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&;ulnDaxmufyHhrIjzpfap? odkYr[kwf? vlrIa&;ulnDaxmufyhHrIjzpfap? w&m;0ifyHkrSef ulnDaxmufyHhrIudk vufcH&&SdcJhonf/

4/4/4/4/4/ vluke ful;c H&oltjzpf p dppfowfrSwf jcif;vnf; rcH&? ulnD jcif;vnf; rcH&aomvluke ful;c H&oltjzpf p dppfowfrSwf jcif;vnf; rcH&? ulnD jcif;vnf; rcH&aomvluke ful;c H&oltjzpf p dppfowfrSwf jcif;vnf; rcH&? ulnD jcif;vnf; rcH&aomvluke ful;c H&oltjzpf p dppfowfrSwf jcif;vnf; rcH&? ulnD jcif;vnf; rcH&aomvluke ful;c H&oltjzpf p dppfowfrSwf jcif;vnf; rcH&? ulnD jcif;vnf; rcH&aomvlukeful;cH&olrsm; /vlukeful;cH&olrsm; /vlukeful;cH&olrsm; /vlukeful;cH&olrsm; /vlukeful;cH&olrsm; / vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif; rcH&bJ? vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&;ulnDaxmufyHhrIjzpfap? odkYr[kwf? vlrIa&;ulnDaxmufyhHrIjzpfap rnfonfh w&m;0ifyHkrSef ulnDaxmufyHhrIudkrQ vufcHr&&SdcJhyg/

&nf&G,fcsufrSm (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESihf vdktyfcsufrsm;\ tus,fjyefYqHk; twkdif;twmtwGif;odkY rSefbDvl;wpfckuJhodkY Munfh½I&ef jzpfEkdiforQ trsKd;tpm;tpHkvifqHk;erlemwpf&yfudk trdt&&,l&efESifh jzpfEkdiforQtwkdif;twmtxd þuJhodkYaom tawGUtBuHKrsm;\ uGJjym;jcm;em;aom yHkpHuGJrsm;udk xJxJ0if0if em;vnfoabmaygufrIudk trdt&&,l&efvnf; jzpfonf/ atmufygo½kyfjyyHkonf vlukeful;cH&olrsm; vdkufygonfh trsKd;rsKd;aomvlukeful;cH&NyD;aemufydkif;vrf;aMumif;rsm;udk wifjyxm;onf/ avhvmcsuf\ &nf&G,fcsufonf udk,fpm;jyKerlemwpfckudk trdt&&,l&ef r[kwfyg/ avhvmcsufonf udk,fpm;jyKrIudk tqdkrjyKyg/

- 10 -- 10 -- 10 -- 10 -- 10 -

- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -

wkefhjyefajzMum;olrsm;taMumif;

okawoeudk ,cif ukeful;cH&ol (252)OD;jzifh rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'o (6)EdkifiHwGif wpfEdkifiHcsif;pDüaqmif&GufcJhonf/ wkefYjyefajzMum;oltrsm;pkudk ¤if;wdkY\ rl&if;EdkifiHü (jyefvnf)0ifqefU aygif;pnf;jcif;tqifh trsdK;rsdK;wGif) awGUqkHar;jref;cJhaomfvnf; tcsdKUudk ¤if;wdkYtm; tultnDay;aepOf qdkufa&mufEkdifiHü awGUqkHar;jref;cJhonf/

wkefYjyefajzMum;oltrsm;pkonf rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'otwGif;ü vlukeful;cH&olrsm; jzpfonf/uarÇm'D;,m;(16)OD;? w½kwf(59)OD;? vmtdkyD'Dtm(3)OD;? jrefrm(8)OD;? xdkif;(102)OD;? AD,uferf(17)OD;jzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif tjcm;olrsm;rSm tjcm;qdkufa&mufEdkifiHrsm;odkY vlukeful;jcif;cHMu&onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSmrav;&Sm;(41)OD;? tif'dkeD;&Sm;(4)OD;? puFmyl(4)OD;? a[mifaumif? w½kwf(2)OD;? tpöa&;(2)OD;? *syef(2)OD;?xdkif0rf? w½kwf(2)OD;? ,Drif(2)OD;? tDwvD(1)OD;ESifh t*Fvef(1)OD;wdkYjzpfMuonf/ qdkufa&mufEdkifiHrsm;&Sdta&twGu f(n = 266)onf wkefYjyefajzMum;ol ta&twGuf(n = 252) xufrsm;aeonfrSm tcsdKUvlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf qdkufa&mufEdkifiHwpfckxufydkí acgif;ykHjzwfjcif; cHcJh&í jzpfonf/

wkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;onf uGJjym;jcm;em;aom acgif;yHkjzwfrIyHkpHrsm;twGuf vlukeful;jcif;cHcJhMu&onf/ vkyftm;(123)OD;? vdifacgif;ykHjzwfrI (62)OD;? t"r®vufxyfrI(35)OD;? awmif;&rf;cdkif;apjcif;ESifhvrf;ay:aps;a&mif;jcif; (20)OD;ESifh vkyftm;ESifh vdifacgif;ykHjzwfrI ESpfrsdK;cH&ol (2)OD;&SdcJhonf/ (7)OD;rSmacgif;ykHjzwfjcif; rcH&rDxGufajy;vGwfajrmufcJhonf/ (3)OD;onf ¤if;wdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKrsm;taMumif; aqG;aEG;ajymqdk&ef rvdkvm;yg/

wkef Y jyefajzMum;ol pkpkaygif;ta&twGufwkef Y jyefajzMum;ol pkpkaygif;ta&twGufwkef Y jyefajzMum;ol pkpkaygif;ta&twGufwkef Y jyefajzMum;ol pkpkaygif;ta&twGufwkef Y jyefajzMum;ol pkpkaygif;ta&twGuf vlukeful;cH&ol 252 OD; vlukeful;cH&ol 252 OD; vlukeful;cH&ol 252 OD; vlukeful;cH&ol 252 OD; vlukeful;cH&ol 252 OD;

vdi fvdi fvdi fvdi fvdi f 78 - usm;174 - r

touf (vlukeful;cH&onfh tcsdefü)touf (vlukeful;cH&onfh tcsdefü)touf (vlukeful;cH&onfh tcsdefü)touf (vlukeful;cH&onfh tcsdefü)touf (vlukeful;cH&onfh tcsdefü) 145 - vlBuD;107 - uav;

(vlukeful;cH&onfhtcsdefütouf 18 ESpfatmuf)

rl&if;E d ki fi Hr l&if;E d ki fi Hr l&if;E d ki fi Hr l&if;E d ki fi Hr l&if;E d ki fi H 62 - uarÇm'D;,m;8 - w½kwf

28 - vmtkdyD'Dtm79 - jrefrm9 - xdkif;

66 - AD,uferf

- 12 -- 12 -- 12 -- 12 -- 12 -

1/ vkyftm;yHkpHrsm;onf 123 OD;xuf ausmfvGefonf/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf vlukeful;cH&ol tcsKdUonfuGJjym;jcm;em;aom vkyftm;yHkpHrsm;twGuf acgif;yHkjzwfjcif; cH&aomaMumifhjzpfonf/

2/ cdkifrmaomt&dyfvu©Pmrsm;rSm olwdkYonf jynfhwefqmvkyfief; ?odkYr[kwf? t"r®vufxyfjcif;twGufvlukeful;jcif;cHcJhMu&onf/

3/ awGUqHkar;jref;rIrsm;onf vlukeful;cH&NyD; aemufydkif;b0tay:wGif tm½Hkpl;pdkufonf wHkYjyefajzMum;olrsm;taejzifh olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk aqG;aEG;ajymqdk&ef rvdktyfyg/

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

vdifacgif;y H k jzwfjcif;vdifacgif;y H k jzwfjcif;vdifacgif;y H k jzwfjcif;vdifacgif;y H k jzwfjcif;vdifacgif;y H k jzwfjcif; 61 (acgif;yHkjzwfjcif;rcH&rD xGufajy; vGwfajrmuf cJhonfh 9 OD; tygt0if)

vky ftm;vky ftm;vky ftm;vky ftm;vky ftm; 1231 (acgif;yHkjzwfjcif; rcH&rD xGufajy;vGwfajrmufcJhonfh 5 OD; tygt0if)v,f,mpdkufysKd;a&;^pdkufcif; - 14aqmufvkyfa&; - 13tdrftultvkyf - 25puf½Hk - 35ig;zrf;vkyfief; - 370efaqmifrIu@(aps;qdkif? pm;aomufqkdifrsm;) - 8

t"r®vufxyf jcif;t"r®vufxyf jcif;t"r®vufxyf jcif;t"r®vufxyf jcif;t"r®vufxyf jcif; 35 (acgif;yHkjzwfjcif;rcH&rD xGufajy;vGwfajrmufcJhonfh 4 OD; tygt0if)

awmif;&rf;jcif;ESif h vrf;ay:wGifawmif;&rf;jcif;ESif h vrf;ay:wGifawmif;&rf;jcif;ESif h vrf;ay:wGifawmif;&rf;jcif;ESif h vrf;ay:wGifawmif;&rf;jcif;ESif h vrf;ay:wGif 20aps;a&mif; jcif;aps;a&mif; jcif;aps;a&mif; jcif;aps;a&mif; jcif;aps;a&mif; jcif;

vdifacgif;yH k jzwfjcif;ESih f vkyftm;vdifacgif;yH k jzwfjcif;ESih f vkyftm;vdifacgif;yH k jzwfjcif;ESih f vkyftm;vdifacgif;yH k jzwfjcif;ESih f vkyftm;vdifacgif;yH k jzwfjcif;ESih f vkyftm; 3acgif;y H k jzwfjcif;rcH&rDacgif;y H k jzwfjcif;rcH&rDacgif;y H k jzwfjcif;rcH&rDacgif;y H k jzwfjcif;rcH&rDacgif;y H k jzwfjcif;rcH&rD

xGufajy;vGwfajrmufcJ holxGufajy;vGwfajrmufcJ holxGufajy;vGwfajrmufcJ holxGufajy;vGwfajrmufcJ holxGufajy;vGwfajrmufcJ hol22222 7

rodrodrodrodrod33333 3

pkp kaygif;p kp kaygif;p kp kaygif;p kp kaygif;p kp kaygif; 252

- 13 -- 13 -- 13 -- 13 -- 13 -

usifU0wfqdkif&mudpö&yfrsm;ESifU pmemaxmufxm;jcif;

erlem a&G;cs,fjcif;udk EdkifiHtoD;oD;ESifh uGif;qif;ae&mtoD;oD;wGif a'ocHvlukeful;rI wm;qD;umuG,fa&; tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh eD;uyfpGm yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufum *½kwpdkufESifh owdxm;í csOf;uyfaqmif&GufcJhonf/ okawoewGif wHkYjyefajzMum;olrsm; (ESifhwuG okawoDrsm;) \ yk*¾vdu vGwfvyfcGihf?twGif;a&; vQKdU0SufrIESifh ab;uif;vHkNcHKrIwdkYudk tav;xm;&ef txl;*½kjyKcJhonf/ þ ]]vufvSrf;rD&efcufcJí}} b0&yfwnfrI cufcJaom tm;enf;aysmhnHhcsuf&Sdolrsm;qDodkY a&muf&Sd&ef ab;uif;vHkNcHKíusifh0wfqdkif&m vrf;aMumif;wpfckudk owfrSwfazmfxkwfEdkifrSomvQif olwdkYxH csOf;uyfa&muf&SdEdkifonf/wkHYjyefajzMum;olrsm;udk rnfonfh tajctaersKd;wGifrQ avhvmcsufwGif yg0ifaqmif&Guf&ef qGJaqmifjcif;?odkYr[kwf? zdtm;ay;jcif; rjyKvkyfyg/ awGUqHkar;jref;rIwpfckcsif;pDudk owif;tcsuftvufrsm;tm; od&SdNyD;rS oabmwlcGihfjyKcsufay;onfh tao;pdwfusaom vkyfief;pOfwpf&yfjzifh pwifonf/ ¤if;wGif awGUqHkar;jref;jcif;wGif yg0ifywfoufrnfh taMumif;t&mrsm;udk &Sif;vif;wifjyjcif;? ar;jref;rnfh ar;cGef;rsm;?rnfonfh ar;cGef;udkrqdk ajzqkdzdkY jiif;qef&ef ?odkYr[kwf? rnfonfh tcsdefürqdk awGUqHkar;jref;rIudk&yfwefY&ef olwdkY\ tcGifhta&;ESifh twGif;a&;vQKdU0SufrIudk tmrcHcsufay;jcif; ponfwdkY yg0ifonf/olwdkY oabmwl rwl qHk;jzwf&ef awGUqHkar;jref;rI rjyKvkyfrD olwdkYtm; tcsdefay;xm;onf/ okawoDrsm;udkvnf; uGJjym;jcm;em;aom taxmuftyHhESifh tultnDukd ay;vsuf&Sdonfh 0efaqmifrItzGJUrsm;ESifhat*sifpDrsm;taMumif; vuf&SdvTJajymif;a&; owif;tcsuftvufrsm; jznhfqnf;ay;xm;onf/ wHkYjyefajzMum;oltm;vHk;udk awGUqHkar;jref;jcif; vkyfief;pOf\ tpdwftydkif;wpf&yftjzpf vTJajymif;a&; pm&Gufrsm;ay;onf/ awGUqHkar;jref;rI tm;vHk;udk vQKdU0Sufxm;NyD; rSwfwrf;ul;,lrIrsm;tm; acgif;aqmifokawoDESifhom rQa0ay;ydkYonf/ twGif;a&;vQKdU0SufrIudk okawoewGif yg0ifaqmif&Gufolrsm; tm;vHk;tm;?olwdkYtaejzifh olwdkYudk,folwdkY? odkYr[kwf? tjcm;olrsm;udk tEÅ&m,fjyK&ef &nf&G,fonfh tvm;tvm&Sdaom tajctaersm;wGifrSwpfyg;? tmrcHcsufay;onf/ wHkYjyefajzMum;olrsm;u umuG,fapmifha&SmufrItwGuf vdktyfcsufwpf&yfudk zGihf[ajymqdkonfhjzpf&yfwGif wHkYjyefaqmif&GufrI pDrHudef;wpf&yfudk zGJUpnf;xlaxmifonf/

þavhvmcsufwGif touf (13)ESpfESifhtxuf&Sdaom uav;rsm;udkom xnfhoGif;xm;onf/avhvmcsuf\ ½IyfaxG;í tuJqwfaomobm0aMumifh okawoetzGJUonf uav;rsm;udk wkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;tjzpf xnfhoGif;&mwGif tydktumtuG,frsm; &SmazGonf/ jzpfEdkifonfh ae&mwdkif;wGiftoufydkBuD;aom uav;rsm; (t&G,fa&mufcgeD;touft&G,f) udk awGUqkHar;jref;onf/tjcm;awGUqkHar;jref;rIrsm;wGif uav;b0u vlukeful;jcif;cHcJh&NyD; t&G,fa&mufolvlBuD;rsm;udk awGUqkHar;jref;onf/þcsOf;uyfenf;udk a&G;cs,f&onfrSm vli,fESifh vlBuD;rsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk jyefvnfpOf;pm;okH;oyfí tao;pdwfajymEdkifaom pGrf;&nfydkí&SdaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ xdkYjyif ppfwrf;ar;cGef;vTmtm; pdefac:rI? pdwfzdpD;rItjzpf ½IjrifEdkifaom ydkí i,faomuav;i,frsm;tm; vGefuJpGm pdwfyifyef;rIjzpfapjcif;rS a&SmifMuOf&eftwGufvnf; þenf;vrf;udk toHk;jyKonf/ EdkifiHtm;vkH;wGif tenf;qkH;okawoDwpfOD; (rsm;aomtm;jzifh wpfOD;xufydkaom okawoDrsm;)onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm; tygt0ifb0&yfwnf&efcufcJaom tm;enf;aysmhnHhcsuf&Sdonfh uav;i,frsm;udk awGUqkHar;jref;rI ,cif tawGUtBuHK&SdMuonf/ okawoDrsm;udk uav;rsm;tm; usifh0wfESifhqdkifaom awGUqkHar;jref;jcif;udk xyfrHíoifwef;ydkYcsxm;onf/ uav;rsm;twGuf? oabmwlcGifhjyKrIudk uav;xHrSvnf;aumif;? oifhavsmfonfhae&mwGif rdb? odkYr[kwf? tkyfxdef;olxHrSvnf;aumif; &,lonf/

- 14 -- 14 -- 14 -- 14 -- 14 -

awGUqkHar;jref;jcif;cH&onfhtwGuf tpm;jyefay;jcif;udk wdkif;jynfwpfckcsif;pDwGif a'otajctaersm;ESifh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;\ tajctaersm;ESifh nDñGwfap&ef qkH;jzwfowfrSwfonf/ okawoDrsm;onfwkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;tm; tpm;jyefay;jcif;\ &nf&G,fcsufudk &Sif;vif;pGm vdk&if;tcsKyfudk azmfjyonf/Oyrm - awGUqkHar;jref;rItwGuf tcsdef? c&D;oGm;vmrI? 0ifaiGqkH;½IH;rI ponfwdkYtwGuf tpm;jyefay;jcif;jzpfonf/ tcsdKUaom udpörsm;wGif tpm;jyefay;jcif;udk ydkrdkavsmfuef oifhjrwfonf[k ,lqonfh tcgao;i,faom ]]vufaqmif}}wpfckay;jcif;ykHpHjzifh ay;tyfonf/ (Oyrm - pm;p&mtcsdKU? odkYr[kwf? rkefYrsm;)¤if;rSm wkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;udk ¤if;wdkY\ tcsdefESifh yg0ifrItwGuf aus;Zl;wifonfhtaeESifh jzpfonf/

okawoetuefhtowfrsm;

Ed kifiHtvkduf uG J jym;jcm;em;rI&S donfh wH k Y jyefajzMum;olrsm;xH csOf;uyfa&muf&S da&;/Ed ki fiHtvkduf uG J jym;jcm;em;rI&S donfh wH k Y jyefajzMum;olrsm;xH csOf;uyfa&muf&S da&;/Ed ki fiHtvkduf uG J jym;jcm;em;rI&S donfh wH k Y jyefajzMum;olrsm;xH csOf;uyfa&muf&S da&;/Ed ki fiHtvkduf uG J jym;jcm;em;rI&S donfh wH k Y jyefajzMum;olrsm;xH csOf;uyfa&muf&S da&;/Ed ki fiHtvkduf uG J jym;jcm;em;rI&S donfh wH k Y jyefajzMum;olrsm;xH csOf;uyfa&muf&S da&;/EdkifiHrsm;ESifh EdkifiHom;rsm;tMum;wGif rnDrQaom trIjzefYa0jcif;&Sdonf/ wpfcgwpf&HwGif wHkYjyef

ajzMum;olrsm;xH usifh0wfydkif;t& csOf;uyfEkdifrI r&Sdyg/ tcsKdUrSm awGUqHkar;jref;rI jyK&ef jiif;qefcJhMuonf/

tcsdeftaMumif;cH/tcsdeftaMumif;cH/tcsdeftaMumif;cH/tcsdeftaMumif;cH/tcsdeftaMumif;cH/ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;\ a&&Snfoabmobm0udk xnhfoGif;pOf;pm;&efwHkYjyefajzMum;olrsm;wGif rMumrDurS vlukeful;jcif;cH&olrsm;ESifh twdwfumvu vlukeful;jcif;cHcJh&zl;olrsm; yg0ifonf/ tcsKdUaom rl0g'rsm;? vufawGUusifhoHk;aqmif&GufrIrsm;ESifh vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;onf xdktcsdefuwnf;u ajymif;vJNyD;^ wdk;wufaumif;rGefatmif aqmif&GufNyD; jzpfaumif;jzpfEdkifonf/

udk,fpm;jyKrI /udk,fpm;jyKrI /udk,fpm;jyKrI /udk,fpm;jyKrI /udk,fpm;jyKrI / þavhvmcsufonf udk,fpm;jyKrI r[kwfyg/ &nf&G,fcsufrSm olwdkY\ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;vrf;aMumif;rsm;ESifh vdktyfcsufrsm;udk em;vnfoabmayguf&eftwGuf jzpfEdkiforQ tus,fjyefYqHk; vlukeful;cH&oltrsKd;rsKd;xHrS avhvmoif,l&efjzpfonf/ þavhvmcsufonf udk,fpm;jyKonfherlemwpfckr[kwfaomaMumifh ydkíus,fjyefYaom vlukeful;cH&ol vlOD;a&twGuf aumufcsufcs&efþudef;*Pef;rsm;udk rSef;qí aumufcsufqGJjcif; rjyKEdkifyg/

aqG;aEG;csuftm; abmifowfrSwfjcif;? a0g[m&rsm;ESifU t,ltqrsm;tm; t"dyÜm,fzGifUqdkjcif;(jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;jcif;qdkonfrSm bmvJ

(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;qkdonfrSm vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKaemufydkif;wGif jyefvnfemvefxlrIESifh pD;yGm;a&;ESifh vlrIa&;t& vlYtodkif;t0dkif;wGif jyefvnfyg0ifrI vkyfief;pOfwpfckyifjzpfonf/]]atmifjrifaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;}}udk wpfpwpfp zGJUpnf;jzpfay:aponfhoD;oefY&v'frsm;udk atmufwGifZ,m;jzifh tusOf;csKyf azmfjyxm;onf/ txufwGif wifjyxm;onfhtwdkif; atmifjrifaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; &v'frsm;udk &&Sd&ef trsm;tm;jzifh t"duusonfrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; oifhavsmfí vHkavmufum em;vnfodwwfNyD; t&nftaoG;jrifhrm;aom tultnDudkaxmufyHhay;tyfjcif;yifjzpfonf/ atmifjrifaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;\ tcsuftcsmusaom u@wpf&yfrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§ifhwifay;jcif;jzpfon

- 15 -- 15 -- 15 -- 15 -- 15 -

ab;uif;vHkNcHKí pdwfauseyfzG,f&m &SdNyD;tukeftuswwfEdkifaom ae&mxdkifcif;

½kyfydkif;usef;rm&Tifvef;jcif;

pdwfydkif;usef;rm&Tifvef;jcif;

Oya'qdkif&m tqifhtwef;

ab;uif;rIESifh vHkNcHKrI

toufarG;0rf;ausmif;twwfynmqdkif&mtvkyftukdifESifh pD;yGm;a&; tcGihftvrf;rsm;tygt0if pD;yGm;a&; aumif;rGefjcif;/

tzGJUtpnf;? tifpwDusL;&Sif;wpfcku axmufyHhíjzpfap? odkYr[kwf? yk*¾vdutm;jzifh pDpOfíjzpfap? ab;uif;vHkNcHKí pdwfauseyfzG,f&m&SdNyD;tukeftuscHEdkifaom aep&m ae&mwpfckudk&EdkifcGihf/

usef;rmaom ½ kyfydkif;tajctaeESifh ½ kyfydkif;usef;rm&Tifvef;rItm; a,bk,sod&Sd cHpm;rI/

rdrdudk,fudk txifBuD; av;pm;rI? rdrdudk,fudk,HkMunf pdwfcsrIESifh rdrdudk,fudk vufcHrIwdkYtygt0if pdwfydkif; usef;rm&Tifvef;rI/

EdkifiHom;wpfOD;tjzpf Oya'qdkif&m tqifhtwef;&Sdjcif; (Oyrm- arG;zGm;rIudk rSwfyHkwifNyD;jzpfjcif;)ESifh olr\ôl\ oufaocHtaxmuftxm;pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;udk &EdkifcGihf? odkYr[kwf?EdkifiHjcm; vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ trI udpöwGif,m,D? odkYr[kwf? tNrJwrf; aexdkifcGihfay;tyfjcif;/ ¤if;wGif uav;oli,frsm;\ trIudpöwGifOya'ESifhtnD w&m;0iftkyfxdef;cGihfudpö&yfrsm;yg0ifEkdifonf/

vlukeful;olujzpfap? odkYr[kwf? &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;^ EdkifiHtwGif;&Sd tjcm;olrsm;ujzpfapNcdrf;ajcmufrI? odkYr[kwf? tMurf;zufrIrsm;udktumtuG,frJhpGm BuHKawGU&jcif;rS vHkNcHKpdwfcsrItygt0if ½kyfydkif;t& ab;uif;vHkNcHKí usef;rm&Tifvef;rI/

auseyfzG,f&maumif;aom pD;yGm;a&;tajctaewpf&yf - Oyrmtm;jzihf - aiG&SmEkdifjcif;?rdom;pktzGJU0ifrsm;udk axmufyHhEdkifjcif;ESifh tp&Sdojzifh?ESifh pD;yGm;a&;tcGihftvrf;rsm;udk &EdkifcGihf/ ¤if;wGif tvkyftukdif? odkYr[kwf? 0ifaiG

rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'owGifatmifjrifaom(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;qdkonfrSm bmvJ¿rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'owGifatmifjrifaom(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;qdkonfrSm bmvJ¿rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'owGifatmifjrifaom(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;qdkonfrSm bmvJ¿rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'owGifatmifjrifaom(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;qdkonfrSm bmvJ¿rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'owGifatmifjrifaom(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;qdkonfrSm bmvJ¿44444

(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm; azmfjycsuf(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm; azmfjycsuf(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm; azmfjycsuf(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm; azmfjycsuf(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm; azmfjycsuf

- 16 -- 16 -- 16 -- 16 -- 16 -

ynma&;ESifh avhusifhoifMum;a&; tcGihftvrf;rsm;

aumif;rGefaom vlrIa&;0ef;usif tajctaeESifhvlvlcsif; qufqHa&;/

Oya'qdkif&m vkyfief;pOfwGif tmrcHxm;onfhtaumif;qHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;rsm;

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ rdom;pkrsm;ESif h rS Dcd kolrsm;\ udk,f - pdwf usef;rmcsrf;omrI

wdk;a&;vkyfudkifaqmif&GufrIrsm; yg0ifEdkifonf/

ausmif;wuf&ef jyefvnfí pm&if;oGif;jcif;?ynma&;ESifh avhusifhoifMum;a&; tcGihftvrf;rsm;udk &EdkifcGihf/ ¤if;wGif yHkrSeftwef;ynmESifhausmif;jyifyynma&;? toufarG;0rf;ausmif;twwfynm^toufarG;rIynmoifwef;? b0wGufwm odrSwfp&m uRrf;usifrIrsm; tp&SdojzifhwdkY yg0ifonf/ ¤if;onf twef;ausmif;ynma&; tedrfhqHk;tqifhatmufwGif&Sdonfhuav;rsm;twGuf tvGefta&;BuD;onf/

EdIif;,SOfcsuftm;jzifh oufwl&G,fwl tqifhtwef;wlolrsm;? rdom;pk? ZeD;-cifyGef;^&if;ESD;aom vkyfazmfudkifzufESifh &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;tygt0if tjyKoabmaqmifí aumif;rGefaom vlrIqufqHa&;rsm;/ ¤if;wGif cGJjcm;qufqHjcif;? emrnfysuf trnf;pufxifjcif;?0dkif;y,fjcif;ESifh tp&SdojzifhwdkYudk awGUBuHKcHpm;&jcif; r&S drI yg0ifonf/ uav;rsm;onfwnfNidrfaom rdom;pkqufqHa&; (taumif;qHk;tm;jzifh jyefvnfaygif;pnf;rI) odkYr[kwf?tjcm;aom rdom;pktajccHonfh a&G;cs,fcGihfrsm;udk vdktyfonf/

vlukeful;rIESifh ywfoufonfh Oya'qdkif&m^w&m;a&;vkyfief;pOfwGif yg0ifywfoufjcif;udkolwdkY\ taumif;qHk; tusKd;pD;yGm;twGufESifhowif; tcsuftvufrsm;ud k od& S d Ny D ;r Soabmwl cGihfjyKrIjzifh vkyfaqmifonf/vluke ful;c H&olrsm;\ rdom;pk rsm;E Si f hrSDcdkolrsm;\ udk,f-pdwf usef;rmcsrf;omrI

uav;rsm;? ZeD;-cifyGef;rsm;? rdbrsm;? nDtpfudkarmifESrrsm;ESifh tp&Sdojzifhwdk Y tygt0ifvlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ rSDcdkolrsm;\ tvHk;pHkudk,f - pdwf usef;rmcsrf;omrI/

- 17 -- 17 -- 17 -- 17 -- 17 -

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

4/ Surtees, R. (2010) Monitoring anti-trafficking re/integration programmes.A manual.Brussels : KBF & Washington : NEXUS Institute rS qDavsmfatmif jyKjyifa&;om;onf/

- 18 -- 18 -- 18 -- 18 -- 18 -

t"duawGY &Sdcsufrsm;/ tydkif; 1jyefvnf0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfwGif pdefac:rIrsm;

xdkif;EdkifiHrS Poi Pet? uarÇm'D;,m;udk jzwfí jyefydkYjcif;cH&aom yHkrSefr[kwfonfh uarÇm'D;,m;a&TUajymif;oGm;vmol tkyfpkwpfpk/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf trsm;tm;jzifh vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;vnf; rcH&? ulnDjcif;vnf; rcH&onfh pepfwpfck/

- 19 -- 19 -- 19 -- 19 -- 19 -

t"duawGY &Sdcsufrsm;/ tydkif; (1)?(jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfwGif pdefac:rIrsm;

udpö&yf 1 ? 1 / ulnDjcif; rcH&jcif;

ta&twGuf rsm;jym;aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf ulnDjcif; rcH&yg/ (odkYr[kwf-vkHavmufpGmulnDjcif; rcH&yg/)

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ emvefxlrIESifh jyefvnf0ifqefYaygif;pnf;rIwGif tultnDonf rsm;aomtm;jzifh cGJjcm;r&aom tpdwftydkif;jzpfaewwfonf/ vlukeful;cH&ol rsm;pGmu qdkufa&mufwdkif;jynfrsm;ESifh rl&if;wdkif;jynfrsm;wGif awGUBuHKcJh&onfh tjyKoabmaqmifaom? tultnD&&SdrI tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk azmfjyajymqdkcJhMuonf/ odkY&mwGif rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'owGif;&Sd ta&twGuf rsm;jym;aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;rSm vlukeful;jcif;cH&NyD;aemuf tultnD r&&SdcJhMuyg/ erlemavhvmcsufwGif vlukeful;cH&ol(113)OD;rSm qdkufa&mufEdkifiHwGif ulnDjcif; rcHcJh&yg/ (45) OD;rSm ¤if;wdkY\ rl&if;EdkifiHwGif ulnDjcif;rcHcJh&yg/ (39)OD;rSm jynfwGif;rSma&m? jynfyrSmyg tultnD r&&SdcJhMuyg/

,cifu w&m;0iftm;jzifh vlukeful;cH&ol[k pdppfowfrSwfcH&NyD; tajccHusaom tultnD&&SdcJhonf[kqdkaom vlukeful;cH&olta&twGufudkyg xnfhoGif;vQif tultnDvdktyfaeaom vlukeful;cH&olta&twGufrSm rsm;pGm wdk;jrifhvmonf/ tajccHusaom tultnD&&SdcJhonfqdkonfrSm ¤if;wdkYtaejzifh vlukeful;cH&ol[k pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&NyD;onfhaemuf tajccHtusqkH;aom axmufyHhrIudkom&&SdcJhMuonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh jzpfavh&SdonfrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; ¤if;wdkY\ wdkif;jynfodkY jyef&efulnDaomfvnf; aemufxyftultnD odkYr[kwf aemufqufwGJ tultnDrsm; ray;awmhbJ tdrfjyefydkYjcif;jzpfonf/ tjcm;olrsm;rSm tpydkif;wGif vlom;csif;pmemrI tultnD (Oyrm - t0wftpm;? tajccHtpm;tpm) udk &&Sdaomfvnf; 'Dxufydkí bmrS r&&Sdawmhyg/ pnf;pepft& tultnDay;&mwGifþtvGefuefYowfrI&Sdaom taxmuftyHhudk tdrfjyefzdkY tultnD\ tpdwftydkif;wpfck (odkYr[kwftusyftwnf; tpydkif;0ifa&mufajz&Sif;jcif;) tjzpfom ydkí owfrSwf&rnfjzpfNyD; (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDtjzpf rowfrSwfEdkifyg/ þtrsdK;tpm;wGif tusHK;0ifaom vlukeful;cH&olta&twGufrSm odomonf/ þavhvmcsuftwGuf awGUqkHar;jref;ol vlukeful;cH&ol (45) OD;onf

Z,m; 10/ rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'o (GMS) twGif;&Sd ulnDjcif; rcH&olrsm;

qdkufa&mufwdkif;jynfwGif ulnDjcif; rcH&olrsm; 55.7% (203 OD;teuf 113 OD;)

rl&if;wdkif;jynfwGif ulnDjcif; rcH&olrsm; 18.8% (239 OD;teuf 45 OD;)

qdkufa&mufwdkif;jynfESifh rl&if;wdkif;jynfESpfck 20.5% (190 OD;teuf 39 OD;)pvkH;wGif ulnDjcif; rcH&olrsm;

- 20 -- 20 -- 20 -- 20 -- 20 -

þtrsdK;tpm;wGif tusHK;0ifonf/vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf taMumif;trsdK;rsdK;aMumifh ulnDjcif;rcH&bJ &Sdonf/ tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;wGif

ulnDjcif;rcH&rIrSm tultnDay;a&;abmifowfrSwfcsuf udk,fwdkif\ vkyfaqmifcsufwpfckjzpfaeonf/Oyrmtm;jzifh vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;ESifh vTJajymif;rIr&Sdjcif;? 0efaqmifrI ray;Edkifjcif;(b@ma&;udpö&yf tygt0if) odkYr[kwf vkyfief;pDrHcsuf\ pHowfrSwfcsufrsm; ponfwdkYjzpfonf/tjcm;jzpf&yfrsm;wGif ulnDrIrcH&jcif;rSm vlukeful;cH&ol\ yk*¾Kdvfa&;qdkif&m ½Iaxmifh? a&G;cs,frIESifhtodynmA[kokwwdkYESifh qufpyfaeonf/Oyrmtm;jzifh tultnDay;jcif;udk rod&SdrI? tultnDawmif;cH&rnfudk pdwfroufromjzpfrI? (odkYr[kwf) qdk;0g;aom tvkyf? a&TUajymif;rItawGUtBuHKrsm;udkvufoifhcHxm;rIponfwdkYjzpfonf/a,bk,stm;jzifh vlukeful;cH&olrsm; tultnD r&&Sdjcif;? taMumif;w&m;rsm;taejzifh t"dutaMumif;w&m;(7)ck &Sdonf/

1/ vlukeful;cH&ol[k pdppfowfrSwfjcif; rcH&jcif;5

2/ jynfwGif; (odkYr[kwf) jynfywGif 0efaqmifaxmufyHhrIrsm; r&jcif;3/ tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&ol trsdK;tpm;rsm;twGuf 0efaqmifaxmufyHhrI r&Edkifjcif;4/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tultnD&&Sd&eftwGuf vTJajymif;rI r&Sdjcif;5/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;taejzifh tultnD&&SdEkdifaMumif; rod&Sdjcif;6/ tultnDawmif;cH&rnfudk pdwfroufromjzpfjcif;7/ qdk;0g;aom tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk ykHrSefjzpf&yf[k vufcHxm;jcif;

]]ighvdk vlrsdK;twGuf 'g[m ykHrSefjzpf&yfygyJ}}

ulnDjcif; rcH&jcif;onfyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;\ vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKaemufydkif;wGif rnfonfhw&m;0ifowfrSwfxm;aom taxmuftyHhudkrQ r&&Sdjcif;udk jzpfaponf/ ¤if;onf vlukeful;cH&olwpfOD;twGufrMumcP pdwfzdpD;rIjzpfap½kHomru (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm;udkvnf;wdkYf½dkufydwfyifwm;qD;xm;onf/ xdkYjyif ¤if;wdkYudk xyfrHí b0&yfwnf&ef cufcJaom tajctaeodkYwGef;ydkYonfh tvm;tvmvnf; &Sdaeonf/ þtajctaewGif ¤if;wdkYtm; xyfrHí acgif;ykHjzwfcH&jcif;ESifhwzefjyefvnf vlukeful;cH&jcif;qDodkY OD;wnfaponf/ ulnDjcif;rcH&jcif;onf vlukeful;cH&oltaejzifh¤if;udk rlvyxrtm;jzifh vlukeful;cH&onfhtjzpfodkY a&muf&Sdaponfh &yfwnf&ef cufcJaom tajctaeESifh wlnDaom (odkYr[kwf-tvGefqifwlaom) tajctaeodkY jyefa&mufoGm;apjcif;udk trsm;tm;jzifhjzpfaponf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESifh ¤if;wdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;taejzifh tvGefpdwfxdcdkufrI? pdwfaomuzdpD;rIrsm; cHpm;&rIjzpfaponfh vlrIa&;ESifh vltcsif;csif; ywfoufqufEG,frI rsm;vnf; &Sdonf/ rdrdudk,frdrd xdef;csKyf&efrSm pdefac:rIESifh pdwfzdpD;rIjzpfapNyD; vlukeful;cH&olrsm;rSm wpfcgwpf&H vlrIa&;t&a&m?pdwfcHpm;rIt&yg tvGefxdcdkufvG,fonfh tajctaersdK;odkY a&muf&Sdaeonf/

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

5/ vlukeful;cH&ol60.1% (203 OD;wGif 122 OD; )onf qdkufa&mufEdkifiHrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&ol[kpdppfowfrSwfjcif; rcH&yg/ 18.8%(239 OD;wGif 45 OD; )onfolwdkY\ rl&if;EdkifiHwGif vlukeful;cH&ol[kpdppfowfrSwfjcif; rcH&yg/ 16.8%(190 OD;wGif 32 OD;)onf rl&if;EdkifiHwGifa&m? qdkufa&mufEdkifiHwGifygvlukeful;cH&ol[k pdppfowfrSwfjcif; rcH&yg/

- 21 -- 21 -- 21 -- 21 -- 21 -

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm;vlukeful;cH&olrsm; tultnDay;jcif; rcH&onfU uGJjym;jcm;em;aom tajctaersm;

xdkif;EdkifiHodkY vkyftm;twGuf vlukeful;cHcJh&aom uarÇm'D;,m;trsdK;om;wpfOD;onf rnfonfhtcgrQ vlukeful;cH&ol[k pdppfowfrSwfjcif;rcH&bJ ulnDjcif;vnf; rcHcJh&yg/ olonf ol\ tvkyfcGifwGifzrf;qD;cH&NyD; rdrdwdkif;jynfodkY jyefydkYcH&onf/ olonf xdkif;EdkifiHwGifvnf; tmPmydkifwdkYu vlukeful;cH&ol[krowfrSwfcJhovdkol\ wdkif;jynfjyefta&mufwGifvnf; uarÇm'D;,m;tmPmydkifwdkYu rowfrSwfcJhyg/olonf olY&GmodkY olYzmomol jyefcJh&onf/ ol\ tajctaersdK;wGif&Sdonfh vlrsm;onf tultnDawmif;cH&eftwGuf rnfonfhae&modkY oGm;&rnfudk od rod olYtm; ar;jref;aomtcg olu olrodaMumif;ESifholY&Gm&Sd tjcm;vlrsm;vnf; rodaMumif;&Sif;jyonf/ ol\ &GmwGifcsdKUwJhaom vlrsm;tm; axmufyHhulnDrIay;onfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm; r&Sdyg/ olYtaejzifh þodkYaom tultnDrsdK;&&Sdonfh vlwpfOD;wpfavrQudkyifb,fawmhrS rMum;zl;cJhyg/ xdkif;EdkifiHodkY vdifacgif;ykHjzwfrItwGuf vlukeful;cHcJh&aom jrefrmEdkifiHrS trsdK;orD;wpfOD;onf tpueOD; tultnDtcsdKUudk &&SdcJhaomfvnf; aemufxyfulnDaxmufyHhrIudk vdktyfaecJhonf/odkY&mwGif olronf tzGJUtpnf;xH qufoG,faomtcg olwdkYu olwdkY\ pDrHcsufwGif &efykHaiGrvkHavmufrIaMumifh xdktcsdefü ulnDaxmufyHhrIray;EdkifaMumif; olrudk today;cJhonf/ olwdkYonf olrudk tjcm;tzGJUtpnf;wpfckxHodkY ulnDaxmufyhhHrI &&Sd&ef vrf;rñTefcJhyg/ t"r®vufxyf&ef vlukeful;cH&aomAD,uferf trsdK;orD;wpfOD;onf w½kwfEdkifiHrS olrjyefvmNyD; ESpfrsm;pGmMumonftxd ulnDjcif; rcH&yg/olr yxrOD;pGm jyefa&mufaomtcg olronf bkHtzGJUtqifh tmPmydkifrsm;ESifh tquftoG,f&SdcJhonf/¤if;wdkYu olrudk vlukeful;rIwdkufzsufa&; tultnD&&Sd&ef avQmufvTmykHpHudk jznfhNyD; wifoGif;&efvrf;ñTefay;oifhonf/ odkY&mwGif olrawGU&SdcJh&onfhtwdkif; ]]olwdkYu *½krpdkufbl;}}/ xdkYaMumifh olrtaejzifh tultnDa&G;cs,fydkifcGifhrsm;taMumif; owif;tcsuftvufrsm;&&ef vrf;r&SdcJhacs/ olronftdrfjyefvmNyD; (10)ESpfMumrSom tultnDudk &&SdcJhonf/

udpö&yf 1 ? 2 / tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;

tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDykHpHtcsdKU(odkYr[kwf) ykHpHtm;vkH;udk jiif;y,fonf/

þavhvmcsufu awGU&Sd&onfrSm jzpf&yf(37)ckwGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDtm; jiif;y,fonfh tcsdKUaom vu©Pm&Sdaom qkH;jzwfcsufrsm; csrSwfcJhMuonf/ tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf tcsdKUaom tultnD trsdK;tpm;rsm;udk jiif;y,fcJhMuonf/ (Oyrm? Oya'tultnD (odkYr[kwf) toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynmoifwef;)/ydkítpGef;a&mufaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf tultnDtm;vkH;udk jiif;y,fcJhonf/ txl;ta&;ygaomtcsufrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;pGmonf vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemuf tvGefcufcJaom pD;yGm;a&;ESifh vlrIa&;tajctaersm;wGif a&muf&SdaeNyD;tultnD&&SdrIu tusdK;&SdapEdkifaomfvnf; tultnDudk jiif;y,fcJhMuonf/ xdkYjyif wkefYjyefajzMum;ol tawmfrsm;rsm;u ¤if;wdkYtaejzifh tultnDudk jiif;y,f&efydkí vdkvm;aomfvnf; ¤if;wdkY\ tvGefqdk;0g;aom tajctaeaMumifh bmudkrS jiif;y,f&ef tajctaersdK;wGif r&SdaMumif; ajymjycJhonf/

- 22 -- 22 -- 22 -- 22 -- 22 -

tultnDudk jiif;qef&jcif; taMumif;t&if;rsm;udk em;vnfoabmaygufjcif;onf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;twGuf 0ifa&mufaqmif&Gufcsufrsm;tm; vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ us,fjyefYaomvdktyfcsufrsm;udk wkefYjyefjznfhqnf;Edkifa&;twGuf aocsmap&ef ta&;ygonf/ jiif;qefonfh taMumif;&if;rsm;wGif tcsdKUrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ yk* ¾ dKvfa&;ESifh rdom;pktajctaeESifh qufpyfaeonf/tjcm;taMumif;&if;rsm;rSm tultnDay;a&;rlabmifowfrSwfcsuftm; rnfuJhodkY pDpOfxm;NyD; taumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Gufoenf;qdkonfh vkyfaqmifcsufwpfckyifjzpfonf/ tjcm;aom jzpf&yfrsm;wGifvnf;vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tultnDay;&ef 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholtzGJUtpnf;rsm;u t&if;cHtm;jzifhjiif;qefcJhMuonf/ tultnDudk jiif;qefonfh taMumif;w&m;rsm;wGif yg0ifonfh tcsufrsm;rSm -

1/1/1/1/1/ yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;ESif h rdom;pktajctaersm;aMumif h tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;ESif h rdom;pktajctaersm;aMumif h tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;ESif h rdom;pktajctaersm;aMumif h tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;ESif h rdom;pktajctaersm;aMumif h tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;ESif h rdom;pktajctaersm;aMumif h tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;1? 1 / tultnDudk rvdktyf/ ¤if;wdkYudk,fwdkif pDrHEdkifonf/1? 2 / ¤if;wdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;ESifh jyefvnfaygif;pnf;vdkonf/

1? 3 / &Sufjcif;? pdwftaESmifht,Sufjzpfjcif;? pdwfroufromjzpfjcif; cHpm;csufrsm;/ 1? 4 / ,kHMunfrIudpö&yfrsm;/

1? 5 / tultnDay;&ef urf;vSrf;csdefwGif qkH;jzwfcsufcs&ef tajctaewGif r&dSjcif;/1? 6 / wm0ef0wå&m;? aus;Zl;w&m;? ta<u;wifjcif; cHpm;csufrsm;/

2/2/2/2/2/ tultnDay;a&;rlabmif owfrSwfcsufudpö&yfrsm;aMumifh tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;tultnDay;a&;rlabmif owfrSwfcsufudpö&yfrsm;aMumifh tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;tultnDay;a&;rlabmif owfrSwfcsufudpö&yfrsm;aMumifh tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;tultnDay;a&;rlabmif owfrSwfcsufudpö&yfrsm;aMumifh tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;tultnDay;a&;rlabmif owfrSwfcsufudpö&yfrsm;aMumifh tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;2? 1 / tultnDudk &,l&ef rwwfEdkif/ aiG&Sm&ef vdktyfonf/2? 2 / ay;tyfonfh tultnDonf ¤if;wdkY\ vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh rudkufnD/2? 3 / tultnDay;a&; owfrSwfcsufrsm;udk pdk;&drfylyefrI/2? 4 / tultnDay;jcif;onf vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;jzpfonf/2?5 / qufvufaexdkifNyD; tvkyfvkyfcsifonf/ tultnDay;jcif;onf tdrfjyef&jcif;udk

jzpfaponf/

3/3/3/3/3/ 0efaqmifrIaxmufyH hol tzGJUtpnf;rsm;u vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tultnDay;&ef0efaqmifrIaxmufyH hol tzGJUtpnf;rsm;u vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tultnDay;&ef0efaqmifrIaxmufyH hol tzGJUtpnf;rsm;u vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tultnDay;&ef0efaqmifrIaxmufyH hol tzGJUtpnf;rsm;u vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tultnDay;&ef0efaqmifrIaxmufyH hol tzGJUtpnf;rsm;u vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tultnDay;&efjiif;y,fjcif;jiif;y,fjcif;jiif;y,fjcif;jiif;y,fjcif;jiif;y,fjcif;3? 1 / t&if;tjrpfcsdKUwJhjcif;ESifh b@ma&; rvHkavmufrI/3? 2 / pDrHcsufrsm;onf ]]xdktrsdK;tpm; vlukeful;cH&ol}}udk ulnD&ef pDpOfrxm;yg/3? 3 / vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf tzGJUtpnf;rsm;u raxmufyHhaom 0efaqmifrIrsdK;udk

vdktyfonf/3? 4 / tultnDudk xdkae&mâ'owGif ray;tyfyg/

- 23 -- 23 -- 23 -- 23 -- 23 -

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm;tultnDudk jiif;y,fcJUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ uGJjym;jcm;em;onfU tajctaersm;

jynfwefqmvkyfief;twGuf uarÇm'D;,m;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom AD,uferf rdef;uav;wpfOD;udk olr AD,uferfodkYjyefta&mufwGif tmPmydkifrsm;u vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf w&m;0ifowfrSwfcJhNyD;tultnDay;&ef urf;vSrf;cJhonf/ olronf aiGaMu;tultnDudk vufcHcJhaomfvnf; tvkyfoiftjzpfavhusifhoifMum;&ef vufrcHcJhyg/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf olr\u av;rsm;udk auR;arG;zdkY olraiG&Sm&efvdktyfaomaMumifh jzpfonf/

jynfwefqmvkyfief;twGuf uarÇm'D;,m;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom AD,uferf trsdK;orD;wpfOD;onf toufarG;rIynmoifwef;wuf&ef urf;vSrf;jcif;cH&onf/ odkY&mwGif ¤if;rSm tjcm;NrdKUwpfNrdKU&Sda*[mwpfckwGif aexdkif&ef vdktyfonf/ olru jiif;y,fcJhonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olrwGifjyKpkapmifha&Smuf&ef uav;i,frsm;&SdNyD; olrtaejzifh olwdkYESifh ruGJuGmvdkjcif;aMumifhjzpfonf/

avhvmod&SdcJUaom vlukeful;cH&olpGrf;aqmif&nfjr§ifUwifrI oifcef;pm/tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;ESifU vufcHjcif;onf ,m,DjzpfEdkifonf/

tultnDay;&ef urf;vSrf;rIrsm;onf zdtm;ray;bJ pOfqufrjywfjzpfoifUonf/

tultnDudk vufcHjcif;ESifh jiif;y,fjcif; qHk;jzwfcsufrsm;onf wpfcgwpf&HwGif tcsdefMum vmonfESifhtrQ b0tajctaersm; jzpfay:ajymif;vJrIESifh uGJjym;jcm;em;aom 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk &&SdEdkifrIudkwkefYjyef&if;jzifh ajymif;vJoGm;wwfonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfh b0aemufydkif;wGif uGJjym;jcm;em;aom tqifhrsm;ü tultnDESi fhywfoufí uGJjym; jcm;em;onfhqHk;jzwfcsufrsm;udkcsrSwfMuonf/ ¤if;rSm tultnDtcGifhtvrf;rsm;onf ,cif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;taejzifh olwdkYþ0efaqmifrIrsm;udk vdktyfonfh rnfonfhtcsdeftcg (ESifh rnfonfhae&m) wGifrqdk odomjrifom&SdNyD;&&SdEdkif&ef ta&;BuD;rIudk rD;armif;xdk;jyaeonf/ wlnDpGmta&;BuD;aomtcsufrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;taejzifh olwdkYtpydkif;wGif tultnDudk jiif;y,f&ef a&G;cs,fcJhNyD;aemuf olwdkYtultnDudk &EdkifcGifh&SdaMumif; od&SdzdkYyifjzpfonf/ tultnDurf;vSrf;rIrsm;onf vrf;zGifhxm;NyD; qufvuf&Sdae&rnfjzpfonf/

tpydkif;ü tultnDudk jiif;y,fcJhaom vlukeful;cH&oltcsdKUonf aemufydkif;wGif þulnDaxmufyhHrIudkvufcH&ef vma&mufcJhMuonf/ odkYjzpfíolwdkY\ tultnDudk jiif;y,fjcif;onf acwå,m,Domjzpfonf/ tcsdKUolrsm;twGuf þonfrSm tcsdefESifh jyefvnf pOf;pm;qifjcifjcif;\ vkyfaqmifcsufwpfckjzpfNyD; jzpfEdkifzG,f&m&SdonfrSm ,HkMunfrIESifh ESpfodrfhtm;ay;rI\ vkyfaqmif csufwpfckvnf;jzpfonf/olwdkY\ acgif;yHkjzwfcH&onfh tawGUtBuHKrS jyefvnfemvefxlvm&ef tcsdef,lNyD;aemuf olwdkY\ tem*wfESifh urf;vSrf;vsuf&Sdaom trsdK;rsdK;aom tultnDa&G;cs,fydkifcGifhrsm;ESifh ywfoufí qHk;jzwfcsufcsrSwf&efolwdkYtaejzifh pdwf"mwfa&;&mt& ydkí toifhjzpfvmonf/ tjcm;olrsm;onf aemufydkif;tqifhwpfckütultnDudk vufcHcJhonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olwdkY ueOD;tdrfjyefvmNyD;aemufydkif; olwdkY\ b0tajctaersm; ajymif;vJoGm;aomaMumifhjzpfonf/ ,cifu tultnD rvdktyfcJhaom tcsdKU olwdkYrSmtaxmuftyhHudk vdktyfonfh tajctaersdK;wGif a&muf&SdaeaMumif; olwdkYudk,f olwdkYawGUjrifvmonf/tcsdKUaom trIudpörsm;wGif rdrd\ rdom;pkESifhtwlaexdkif&ef ueOD;jyefvmrIonf rjzpfEdkifawmhbJ olwdkY

- 24 -- 24 -- 24 -- 24 -- 24 -

t&ifu jiif;y,fcJhaom tultnDudk jyefvmNyD; vufcH&awmhonf/þtajctaeESifh qefUusifzuftm;jzifh tpydkif;u tultnDudk vufcHcJhaom vlukeful;cH&ol

tcsdKUonf aemufydkif;wGif olwdkY\ jyefvnfemvefxla&;ESifh (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif toHk;0ifonf? odkYr[kwf? oifhavsmfonf[k olwdkY rawGU&SdcJhaom pDrHcsufrsm;udk pGefYcGmcJhMuonf/ tcsdKUaomvlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf pDrHcsufrsm;rS EIwfxGufcJhMuonf/ odkYr[kwf oifwef;wpfck? odkYr[kwf?0efaqmifrIwpfcktm; NyD;qHk;atmif rwufa&mufcJhyg/ tcsdKUonf a*[mrsm;odkY 0ifa&mufvmMuaomfvnf; a*[mrS xGufcGmjcif;jzifh tqHk;owfcJhonf/ tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onf ausmif;rSEIwfxGufcJhMuonf/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf olwdkYtaejzifh olwdkYrdom;pk0ifaiGudk yg0ifulnDjznfhqnf;ay;zdkY tvkyfvkkyf&ef vdktyfaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ tcsdKUrSm tultnDay;a&; pnf;urf;owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESifh tajctaersm; wif;usyfcsKyfcs,fjcif;? jyóemjzpfjcif;? odkYr[kwf olwdkYtwGuf vHkavmufpGmajymif;vG,fjyifvG,frI r&Sdjcif;wdkYaMumifhvnf; tultnDudk jiif;y,fcJhMuonf/

aemufxyfudpö&yfwpfckrSm tpydkif;utultnDudk jiif;y,fcJhaom vlukeful;cH&ol tcsdKUonfaemufqHk;wGiftultnDudkvufcHcJhMuonf/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf 0efaqmifrI axmufyHholrsm;u xdkodkYvufcH&ef zdtm;ay;jcif;udk cH&aomaMumifhjzpfonf/ tcsdKUaom wdkif;jynfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf t&ifu tultnDudk jiif;y,fcJhapumrl urf;vSrf;aom tultnDudkvufcHzdkU ,Ofaus;rI? odkYr[kwf?0wå&m;&SdrI cHpm;csufwdkYtaMumif; ajymqdkcJhMuonf/ tcsdKUaomjzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlrIa&;qdkif&mESifh ,Ofaus;rIqdkif&m zdtm;rsm;u vlukeful;cH&olrsm;taejzifh tultnDudk jiif;y,f&efrpGrf;om[k cHpm;&aponf/

tvGefyif wif;usyfcsKyfcs,faom tultnDay;a&; ywf0ef;usiftajctaeüyifvQif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf tESpfom&tm;jzifh tultnDudk jiif;qef&ma&mufonfhqHk;jzwfcsufrsm; csrSwfNyD; vkyfaqmifrIrsm; jyKvkyfcJhMuonf/ þtcsufonf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;taejzifh tjyifxGufcGifhr&yJ ydwfxm;aoma*[mpDrHcsufrsm;wGifae&NyD; t&if;cHtm;jzifh twif;tMuyfulnDjcif;cH&aom tcsdefwGif txl;ojzifhodomxif&Sm;onf/ vltrsm;u ydwfxm;aom a*[mtaqmufttHkxJwGif ae&jcif;\ zdtm;rsm;ESifhpdwfzdpD;rIrsm; taMumif;ajymjyMuonf/ xdkae&mrsm;wGif olwdkY\ vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh rudkufnDaom0efaqmifrIrsm;udk rMumcPyif olwdkYtm; ay;tyfonf/ olwdkYu þpDrHcsufrsm;rS xGufcGmvdkaomfvnf;cGifhrjyKaMumif;ajymjyonf/ tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf þtaqmufttHkrsm;rS xGufajy;cJhMuonf/ odkYr[kwf EdkifiH&if;odkY jyefydkYcH&jcif;udk ydkíoabmusaom tjcm;enf;vrf;wpfcktjzpf a&G;cs,fcJhMuonf/ t&if;cHtm;jzifh ¤if;udk tultnDtm; jiif;y,fjcif;tjzpf ½IjrifEdkifonf/

udpö&yf 1 ? 3 / twif;tMuyf ulnDjcif;

tultnDay;jcif;onf tNrJwap tvdkwl tvdkyg r[kwfyg/ tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udktwif;tMuyfyif ulnDay;&onf/

(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDESifh taxmuftyHhrsm; tm;vkH;onf tvdkwltvdkygr[kwfyg/ tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk twif;tMuyfyif tultnDay;&onf/ tcsdKUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif olwdkYtm; tultnDESifhywfoufí jynfhpkHaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm; ray;tyfbJ olwdkYtaejzifh owif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk od&SdjyD;rS olwdkY\oabmwlcGifhjyKrIudk &,lrIr&Sd[k qdkvdkonf/tjcm;aom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'oEdkifiHrsm; tm;vkH;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf tultnDudkjiif;y,f&ef tcGifhta&;&Sdaomfvnf; ¤if;wdkYudk tultnDtm; jiif;qefEdkifonfh tcGifhtvrf;udk ray;yg?twif;tMuyf tultnDay;jcif; t"duykHpH (2)rsdK;onf a,bk,stm;jzifh rl&if;wdkif;jynfrSma&m?

- 25 -- 25 -- 25 -- 25 -- 25 -

qdkufa&mufEdkifiHrsm;wGifyg a*[mwGif aexdkifjcif;ü A[dkjyKaeonf/

tjcm;olrsm;onf Zmwdwdkif;jynfü ]twif;tMuyf ulnDjcif;} cH&onf/

ig;zrf;&eftwGuf vlukeful;cH&aom xdkif;a,mufsm;av;wpfOD;onf xdkif;EdkifiHodkY jyef&ef ulnDjcif;cH&onf/ xdkYaemuf olYudk tultnD&&Sda&;twGuf a*[mwpfckodkY vTJajymif;ay;jcif; cH&onf/ oluxdkif;EdkifiHodkY a&mufaomtcg olYudk yxrOD;pGm a*[mwpfckodkY wpfywfMum aexdkif&ef ac:oGm;rnfjzpfNyD;aemufydkif;wGif oltdrfodkY jyefoGm;Edkifrnf[k ajymcJhaMumif; &Sif;jyonf/ olYudk vlukeful;oltm; w&m;pGJ&mwGif Oya'tultnDudk &&Sdrnf[kvnf; ajymcJhonf/ trSefwu,fwGif olYqEESihf qefYusifí olonfa*[mü vaygif;rsm;pGm aexdkifcJh&onf/ olonf xdkae&mwGif raecsifaomaMumihf xGufajy;&ef BudK;pm;cJhonf/ ]]aemufqHk;rSmawmh uRefawmf[m a*[mrSm 7-v? 8-vMumaecJh&w,f/ bmvdkY 'DavmufMumatmif a*[mrSm uRefawmfaezdkY vdkw,fqdkwm uRefawmf em;rvnfbl;/}}

jrefrmEdkifiHrS w½kwfEdkifiHodkY t"r®vufxyf&ef vlukeful;cH&aom trsdK;orD;wpfOD;onf olrjyefvmNyD;aemuf a*[mrsm;wGif tvGefMumjrihfpGm aexdkifzdkY vdktyfjcif;twGuf pdwfysufcJh&onf/ olronfa*[mwpfckwGif 27-&uf? aemufxyfa*[mwpfckwGif aemufxyf 20 &ufESihf wwd,a*[mwpfckwGifaemufxyf 20 &uf tcsdefukefcJh&onf/ þtcsdeftawmtwGif; olronf rnfonhf0efaqmifaxmufyHhrIrQ r&&SdcJhbJ taqmufttHkrS xGufcGm&efvnf; cGihfrjyKcJhyg/

jynfwGif;üjzpfap? jynfyüjzpfap umvMum&SnfpGm ]]twif;tMuyf tultnDay;jcif;}} cH&jcif;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;pGmtwGuf tvGefpdwfzdpD;rIjzpfapaom taMumif;&if;wpfckyifjzpfonf/tajctaersm;pGmü vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; twif;tMuyf tultnDay;aomtcg oifhavsmfaom0efaqmifrIrsm;ESifh axmufyHhrIrsm; r&Sdyg/ þjzpf&yfrsdK;rSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tusOf;axmifrsm;?&Jpcef;rsm;ESifh xdef;odrf;a&;pcef;rsm;wGif xdef;odrf;xm;onfhtcgwGif aocsmaygufjzpfonf/ odkYaomfjynfwGif;ESifh jynfywGif a*[mrsm;ü twif;tMuyfaexdkif&aom vlukeful;olrsm;pGmtzdkYvnf; þuJhodkYyifjzpfonf/ &v'ftm;jzifh tcsdKUaom vlukeful;olrsm;u þuJhodkY twif;tMuyfulnDjcif;udk awGUBuHKcHpm;&NyD; ]]tcsdefjzKef;jcif;}} [k azmfjyMuonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf a,bk,stm;jzifh olwdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;ESifh vlYtzGJUtpnf;rsm;xH jyef&efESifhvlukeful;cH&jcif;rS a0;uGm&ef pdwfapmaeMuonf/ &v\tm;jzifh Mum&Snfaom twif;tMuyf a*[müaexdkif&jcif;onf ¤if;wdkY\ emvefxlrIESifh (jyefvnf) 0ifqefY aygif;pnf;a&;tm; MuefYMumapNyD; zsufqD;ypfEdkifonfh tvGefBuD;rm;aom tvm;tvmudk jzpfay:aponf/ þudpöonf wpfcgw&H umvMumjrifhpGmtwif;tMuyftultnDay;jcif;cH&olrsm; tMum;ü yg0ifavh&Sdaom vlukeful;cH&oluav;i,frsm;tzdkYtxl;wvnf zdpD;rIjzpfaponf/

twif;tMuyfulnDjcif;onf 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHhonfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;tm; ,kHMunfpdwfcsrIudktBuD;tus,f xdcdkufaponf/ vlukeful;cH&ol tcsdKUu 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHhonfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;onfolwdkYtm; tultnDESifh ywfoufí rjynfhpkHaom? odkYr[kwf? rwdusaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm;ay;onf/ xdkYjyif odkYr[kwf ¤if;wdkYtm; tultnDESifh ywfoufí od&SdNyD; qkH;jzwfcsufcsEdkifa&;udk [efYwm;onf[k cHpm;&onf/,kHMunfrI xdcdkufaomtcg ¤if;onf vlukeful;cH&ol\ tultnDpDrHcsufrsm;ESifh0efaqmifrIay;olrsm;ESifh qufqHywfoufrItay:wGif a&&SnfxdcdkufrI&Sdaponf/ þtpueOD; r,HkMunfrIonf tonf;toef tultnDvdktyfaeaom tajctaersdK;wGifyifvQif tem*wfü tjcm; tultnDrsm;udk &SmazG&ef? odkYr[kwf? vufcH&ef olwdkY\ pdwfqEudk xdcdkufysufpD;zdkY tvm;tvm&Sdaponf/

- 26 -- 26 -- 26 -- 26 -- 26 -

aumif;rGefaom usifUoHk;aqmif&GufrI jynfywGif ydwfxm;aom a*[mrsm;ürjzpfrae aexdkif&jcif;twGuf tjcm;a&G;cs,fp&m enf;vrf;rsm;

tcsdKUaom trIudpörsm;wGif xdkif;EdkifiHü ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;cH&ol trsdK;om;rsm;onfEdkifiHawmfa*[mrsm;wGif aexdkifpOf tvkyfvkyf&ef cGifhjyKjcif;cH&onf/ a*[m0efxrf;rsm;u olwdkYudkaumif;rGefaom tvkyftukdifrsm; &SmazG&mwGifESihf a&TUajymif;tvkyform;rsm;tjzpf Oya'ESihftnDw&m;0ifrSwfyHkwifudk &,l&mwGif ulnDcJhonf/ trsdK;om;rsm;onf xHk;pHt& a*[mrsm;wGif aexdkifaomfvnf; vGwfvyfpGm oGm;vmEdkifonf/ vlukeful;cH&ol trsdK;om;rsm;onf w&m;0ifpm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;(Oyrm - tvkyform;rSwfyHkwif)&Sdonhf trIudpörsm;wGif olwdkYonf a*[mtjyifzufwGif aexdkifEdkifMuonf/ xHk;pHt& olwdkY\ tvkyf&Sifu axmufyHhaom ae&mxdkifcif;rsm;wGif jzpfonf/ rsm;pGmaomtrsdK;om;rsm;u jynfyü ulnDjcif; cHae&pOf tvkyfvkyfEdkifonhf þtcGihftvrf;\ ta&;BuD;yHkESihfþtcsdeftawmtwGif; vGwfvyfpGmoGm;vmcGihf\ ta&;BuD;yHkudkvnf; ajymjyMuonf/ vltrsm;tzdkU¤if;rSm olwdkY vufcH&&Sdaom ta&;tygqHk; ulnDaxmufyHhrIyHkpHyifjzpfonf/ tpöa&;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom xdkif;trsdK;om;rsm;udk a'ocHtzGJUtpnf;wpfcku olwdkYudk vlukeful;olrsm;tm; Oya'aMumif;t&w&m;pGJqdk&ef ulnDcJhonf/ Oya'aMumif;t& vkyfief;pOfudk apmihfqdkif;aepOf olwdkYtm; aumif;rGefírQwaomvpmay;onhf tvkyftudkifrsm; &SmazG&mwGif ulnDcJhonf/ olwdkYonf tzGJUtpnf;rS axmufyHhonhf tjyifxGufcGihf&aom zGihfxm;onhf a*[mwpfckwGif aexdkif&NyD; vGwfvyfpGm oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;cGihf&Sdonf/

udpö&yf 1 ? 4 / tm;enf;aom vTJajymif;jcif;? n§dEdIif;jcif;ESifU yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif;

rvkHavmufaom jynfwGif;ESifh EdkifiHjzwfausmf vTJajymif;jcif; vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;a'owGif;&Sd wpfEdkifiHcsif;pD\ vTJajymif;jcif;ykHpHrsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ taumiftxnfazmfaqmifrI\

wdk;wufzGHYNzdK;rI? e,fy,ftwdkif;twm? yrmPtqifhrsm; uGJjym;jcm;em;onfh tavsmufyif odompGmuGJjym;jcm;em;onf/ xdkYjyif EdkifiHjzwfausmfvTJajymif;jcif; vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;onf a'owGif;ü uGJjym;jcm;em;onf/ tcsdKU EdkifiHrsm;Mum;wGif zGJUpnf;ykHuseaomtpdk;&csif; vTJajymif;jcif; vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm; &Sdovdktjcm;EdkifiHrsm;Mum;wGifrl ydkí &Sif;vif;rIESifh taumiftxnfazmfaqmifrI enf;yg;aom vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm; &Sdonf/

þuGJjym;rIrsm;udk todtrSwfjyK&if;jzifh vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; awGUqkHar;jref;&mwGif awGU&Sd&onfrSm tvkH;pkHtm;jzifh EdkifiHtcsif;csif;Mum;&Sd at*sifpDESifh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;Mum;wGif rvkHavmufaomvTJajymif;jcif;? n§dEdIif;jcif;ESifh yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif;rsm; &Sdovdk EdkifiHwpfEdkifiHtwGif;ü vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk ulnDonfhtcgwGifvnf; ¤if;tcsufrsm;&Sdaeonf/ vuf&SdwGif t"du udpö&yf (2)ck &Sdonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ Ed kifiHwpfEd kifiHrS wpfEd kifiHod k Y vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/Ed kifiHwpfEd kifiHrS wpfEd kifiHod k Y vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/Ed kifiHwpfEd kifiHrS wpfEd kifiHod k Y vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/Ed kifiHwpfEd kifiHrS wpfEd kifiHod k Y vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/Ed kifiHwpfEd kifiHrS wpfEd kifiHod k Y vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/(Ed ki fi H jzwfausmfvT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)(Ed ki fi H jzwfausmfvT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)(Ed ki fi H jzwfausmfvT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)(Ed ki fi H jzwfausmfvT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)(Ed ki fi H jzwfausmfvT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)¤if;wGif ulnDjcif;rcH&bJ tdrfjyef&jcif;? rvkHavmufaom EdkifiHjzwfausmf vTJajymif;onfh trIrsm;?

trIwpfckcsif; pDrHrIESifh cefYcGJrIwGif yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrIr&Sdjcif;ESifh tdrfrjyefrD tkyfcsKyfpDrHa&;qdkif&mvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm; yg0ifonf/

- 27 -- 27 -- 27 -- 27 -- 27 -

2/2/2/2/2/ Ed kifiHwpfEd ki fiHtwGif;ü vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/Ed ki fiHwpfEd ki fiHtwGif;ü vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/Ed ki fiHwpfEd ki fiHtwGif;ü vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/Ed ki fiHwpfEd ki fiHtwGif;ü vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/Ed ki fiHwpfEd ki fiHtwGif;ü vT Jajymif;rIESif h yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI r&S d jcif;/(jynfwGif;vT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)(jynfwGif;vT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)(jynfwGif;vT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)(jynfwGif;vT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)(jynfwGif;vT Jajymif; jcif; vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;)¤if;wGif EdkifiHwpfEdkifiHtwGif;&Sd vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&; tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh tifpwD

usL;&Sif;rsm;Mum;wGif vTJajymif;jcif;? yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif; r&SdrIESifh vlukeful;rI wm;qD;umuG,fa&;tzGJUtpnf;rsm;? tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;ESifh taxGaxGvlrIa&;ulnDrI rlabmif tMum;wGif vTJajymif;jcif;?yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif; r&SdrIwdkY yg0ifonf/

aumif;rGefaom usifUoHk;aqmif&GufrI jyefvnfemvefxla&;ESifU (jyefvnf)0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;udkyHUydk;jznfUqnf;ay;onfU cdkifrmtm;aumif;aom vTJajymif;jcif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;

vkyftm;twGuf tpöa&;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom xdkif; trsdK;om;wpfOD;onf tpydkif;wGiftvkyfvkyf&ef jynfywGif aexdkifcJhonf/ odkYaomf aemufydkif;wGif tdrfjyefzdkYqHk;jzwfcJhonf/ tultnDay;a&;tzGJUtpnf;onf tdrftjyef tpDtpOfrsm;udk jyKvkyfay;cJhonf/ olrxGufcGmrD tzGJUtpnf;u olYtm;Zmwdwdkif;jynfwGif tultnD wpfckck&,lvdkjcif; &Sd? r&Sd ar;jref;cJhonf/ xdkYjyif ol\ trIudpöudk xdkif;EdkifiH&Sd 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHhol tzGJUtpnf;wpfckxHodkY vTJajymif;ay;&ef ol\ oabmwlcGihfjyKrIudk awmif;qdkcJhonf/ olu oabmwlcJhonf/ olxdkif;EdkifiHodkY a&mufaomtcg tultnDay;a&; tzGJUtpnf;wpfckrS0efxrf;u avqdyfü olYudk vmawGUqHkcJhonf/ ¤if;u ol\ vlukeful;cH&onhf tawGUtBuHKtaMumif;ESihfolvdktyfonhf tultnDudk awGUqHkar;jref;cJhonf/ olonf tdrfjyef&ef ulnDjcif;cHcJh&NyD; EdkifiHawmfvlrI0efxrf;wpfOD;u ol\ a&&SnftultnD vdktyfcsufrsm;ESihf ywfoufí olYtm;aemufqufwGJvdkufygulnDvsuf&Sdonf/ AD,uferf trsdK;orD;wpfOD;onf tdrfodkY jyefvmNyD;aemuf olr\ trIudpöudk bkHtzGJUtmPmydkifrsm;xH tpD&ifcHwdkifMum;cJhonf/ odyfrMumrDrSmyif olrudk EdkifiHawmfvlrIa&;vkyfief;XmerS0efxrf;rsm;u qufoG,fcJhMuonf/ olronf þvTJajymif;jcif;\ tusdK;quf&v'ftaeESihf toufarG;rIynmoifwef;? ae&mxdkifcif;? oifwef;wufaepOfaxmufyHhaMu;? olr\ rdom;pktwGuf aiGaMu;taxmuftyHhESihf olr\ oifwef;NyD;qkH;onhftcg tvkyfwpfck&SmazG&mwGif tultnD ponfwdkY yg0ifaom tultnD ykHpHtrsdK;rsdK;udk &&SdcJhonf/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; vlukeful;rIwdkufzsufa&; tultnDay;a&;tzGJYtpnf;rsm;tMum;wGif vTJajymif;rI uif;rJUjcif;/

jrefrmEdkifiHrS w½kwfEdkifiHodkY t"r®vufxyf&ef vlukeful;cH&aom trsdK;orD;wpfOD;udk olr tdrftjyefwGif vlukeful;rIwdkufzsufa&;&Jrsm;u vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfcJhonf/ olru olrudk awGUqkHar;jref;pOf tawmtwGif;tmPmydkifrsm;\ aumif;rGefpGm qufqHjcif;cH&aMumif;? odkYaomf olwdkYxHrSaemufxyfbmrS rMum;&awmhaMumif;ESihf olwdkYu olrudk tultnD&&ef vTJajymif;ray;cJhaMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/

- 28 -- 28 -- 28 -- 28 -- 28 -

udpö&yf 1 ? 5 / rvkHavmufaom owif;tcsuftvuf axmufyHUrI

vlukeful;cH&ol[lonfh tqifhtwef;ESifh ¤if;wdkY\ tultnD&&Sd&ef tcGifhta&;rsm;taMumif;jynfhpkHpGm today; rcH&jcif;/

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;jcif;vkyfief;pOfwGif vkHavmufpGm ulnDaxmufyHhjcif;tm;aocsmaponfh t"dutcsufrSm¤if;wdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfhb0aemufydkif;wGif qkH;jzwfcsufrsm;ESifh a&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif; jynhfpkHpGmtoday;NyD; ¤if;wdkYtaejzifh wuf<upGm yg0ifaqmif&Gufjcif;yifjzpfonf/ þonfrSm vlwpfOD;csif;tm; ¤if;wdkY\ vlukeful;cH&ol[laom tqifhtwef;? ¤if;wdkY\tcGifhta&;ESifh jynfwGif;ESifh jynfywGif &&SdEdkifonfh trsdK;rsdK;aom tultnD ykHpHrsm; (þtultnDrsm;udkrnfonfhae&mESifh rnfuJhodkY &,lEdkifonfh vrf;aMumif;tygt0if) ponfh jynfhpkHaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm; axmufyhH&ef vdktyfonf/ þodkY vkyfaqmif&efrSm vlukeful;cH&ol\ touf? ynmt&nftcsif;? pdwftajctae? bmompum;? pGrf;aqmif&nf ponfhtcsufrsm; tygt0if? odkYaomf ¤if;wdkYüomuefYowfrxm;aom udpö&yfrsm;udk xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&ef vdktyfonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk owif;tcsuftvufrsm;tm; pdppf&ef? owif;tcsuftvufrsm;tm; today;&efESifh *½kwpdkufqifjcifokH;oyfxm;aom qkH;jzwfcsufrsm; csrSwfEdkif&ef tcsdefay; &efvnf;vdktyfonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk ¤if;wdkY\vufiif; tultnDa&G;cs,fydkifcGifhrsm;taMumif;udkvnf; today;oifhjyD;? tpydkif;wGif olwdkYu jiif;qefcJhygu aemifwpfcsdefcsdefwGif ulnDaxmufyHhrIa&G;cs,fydkifcGifhrsm;udk &,lEdkif&eftcGifhtvrf;udk vnf;ay;oifhonf/

atmufyg twdkif;jyefvnfajymjyonfh vlukeful;cH&olwpfOD;\ tawGUtBuHKu azmfjyouJhodkYyif? tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ vlukeful;cH&olt qifhtwef;ESifh a&G;cs,fp&mrsm;udk jynfhpkHpGm today;jcif;cH&onf/

]]&JawGeJY tultnDay;a&; tzGJUtpnf;u uRefawmfwdkYudk ac:xkwfzdkY pdkufcif;qDvmNyD; tvkyf&Sifudkzrf;qD;cJhw,f/ olwdkYu ulnDzdkYvmw,fvdkY uRefawmfwdkYudk ajymw,f/ &Ju wu,fvdkY uRefawmftvkyfvkyfcsif&if olu uRefawmftwGuf rQwwJh vpm&&Sdr,fhydkaumif;wJh tvkyfeJY tvkyf&Sifudk &SmazG&mrSm ulnDr,f/ uRefawmfhtaeeJY pdk;&drfp&m rvdkbl;vdkY uRefawmfhudk ajymcJhw,f/ &JeJY tultnDay;a&;tzGJUtpnf;u uRefawmfwdkYtaeeJY tvkyfopfwpfckudk &csifovm;/ 'grSr[kwf tdrfjyefcsifovm;qdkwmuRefawmfwdkYudk a&G;cs,fcGifhjyKw,f/tvkyf&Sifudk w&m;pGJqdkzdkY olwdkYu uRefawmfwdkYudk ulnDw,f}} odkY&mwGifvlukeful;cH&olrsm;pGmrSm qdkufa&mufEdkifiHwGifjzpfap? jynfwGif;üyifjzpfap ¤if;wdkY\ w&m;0if? Oya'ESifhnDaom vlukeful;cH&ol[laom tqifhtwef;ESifh ¤if;wdkY &ydkifcGifh&Sdaom tcGifhta&;rsm;udk rod&SdMuyg/

¤if;wdkY\ tqifhtwef;ESifh yl;wGJyg tcGifhta&;rsm;udk rod&Sdjcif;rSm t"dutcsuf(2)ckaMumifhjzpfonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ vlukeful;cH&oltqifhtwef;? tcGif hta&;rsm;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif;vlukeful;cH&oltqifhtwef;? tcGif hta&;rsm;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif;vlukeful;cH&oltqifhtwef;? tcGif hta&;rsm;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif;vlukeful;cH&oltqifhtwef;? tcGif hta&;rsm;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif;vlukeful;cH&oltqifhtwef;? tcGif hta&;rsm;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif;jynf hpk Hí em;vnfvG,faom owif;tcsuftvufaxmufyH hr Ir&S d jcif;/jynf hpk Hí em;vnfvG,faom owif;tcsuftvufaxmufyH hr Ir&S d jcif;/jynf hpk Hí em;vnfvG,faom owif;tcsuftvufaxmufyH hr Ir&S d jcif;/jynf hpk Hí em;vnfvG,faom owif;tcsuftvufaxmufyH hr Ir&S d jcif;/jynf hpk Hí em;vnfvG,faom owif;tcsuftvufaxmufyH hr Ir&S d jcif;/

2/2/2/2/2/ ¤if;wdk Y\ tqifhtwef;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif; owif;tcsuftvuf¤if;wdk Y\ tqifhtwef;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif; owif;tcsuftvuf¤if;wdk Y\ tqifhtwef;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif; owif;tcsuftvuf¤if;wdk Y\ tqifhtwef;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif; owif;tcsuftvuf¤if;wdk Y\ tqifhtwef;ESif h tultnDa&G;cs,frIrsm;taMumif; owif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk em;vnfrItm; twm;tqD;rsm; &Sdjcif;/ rsm;udk em;vnfrItm; twm;tqD;rsm; &Sdjcif;/ rsm;udk em;vnfrItm; twm;tqD;rsm; &Sdjcif;/ rsm;udk em;vnfrItm; twm;tqD;rsm; &Sdjcif;/ rsm;udk em;vnfrItm; twm;tqD;rsm; &Sdjcif;/ ¤if;wGif bmompum; twm;tqD;? tultnDa&G;cs,frItwGuf tcGifhtvrf;ESifh tawGUtBuHK r&Sdjcif;? em;vnfEdkifpGrf;&nf? touf? zGHYNzdK;rItqifh?pdwftajctae? vlukeful;cH&ol[k rnfonfhtcgurQ pdppfowfrSwfjcif; rcH&rI ponfh tcsufrsm;

- 29 -- 29 -- 29 -- 29 -- 29 -

yg0ifonf/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; vlukeful;cH&ol tqifUtwef;taMumif;owif;tcsuftvufrsm;onf jynfUpHkrI? odkhr[kwf? em;vnfEdkifrI r&Sdyg/

t"r®vufxyf&ef w½kwfEdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom AD,uferftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf AD,uferfEkdifiHodkY olrjyefvmNyD;aemuf tcsdeftawmfMumrS ulnDjcif;cHcJh&onf/ olr&Sif;jyonfh twdkif;qdkvQifolr\ trIudpöudk a'otkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJUodkY tpD&ifcHcJhaomfvnf; olwdkYu olrudk &Ekdifaom tultnDa&G;cs,fydkifcGifhrsm;taMumif; rnfonfh t&mudkrQrajymcJhbJ vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf tultnD awmif;cH&efvkdtyfonfh avQmufvTmyHkpHpm&Gufrsm;udkvnf; olrudk ray;cJhyg/xdkif;EdkifiHodkYvlukeful;cH&aom vmtdktrsKd;orD;wpfOD;u &Jrsm;onf Oya'vkyfief;pOfESifh olr\ a*[mwGifaexdkifrI tcsdeftwdkif;twmtaMumif;rSefuefaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm; ray;cJhyHkudk &Sif;jycJhonf/ ]]'Dae&mrSmaewm wpfywfMumNyD;wJhtcg uRefrt&if 'Dae&mrSm a&mufaewJh tjcm;(trsKd;orD;awG)eJY uRefr pum;pajymcJhw,f/uRefr 'Dae&mrSm &JawG uRefrudk ajymcJhwmxuf ydkNyD;MumMumae&vdrfhr,fqdkwm uRefr odcJh&w,f/olwdkYu ajymw,f/ olwdkYudk 'Dae&mrSm &uftenf;i,fomae&vdrfhr,fajymcJhNyD; wu,fawmh olwdkY'Dae&mrSm a&mufaewm 6 v? 7 v &SdaeNyD}}

udpö&yf 1 ? 6 / pDrHcefhcGJtkyfcsKyfrI owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESifU vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;

tcsdKUaom pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESifh vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;onf vlukeful;cH&ol\ udk,fydkifvkyfydkifcGifhESifh (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udk ysufpD;aponf/

w&m;0ifowfrSwfxm;aom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOf&Sd tcsdKUaom vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;onf wu,fwrf;wGi f(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; atmifjrifrIudk [efYwm;aeonfhtjyif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ tcGifhta&;rsm;udk csdK;azmufaeonfh tvm;tvm&Sdonf/ tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;wGif ¤if;wdkYrSm w&m;0ifowfrSwfxm;aom? 0wå&m;t&aqmif&Guf&aom tkyfcsKyfpDrHrI vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;yifjzpfonf/ tjcm;aom jzpf&yfrsm;wGifrl ¤if;wdkYrSm Oya't&aomfvnf;aumif;? tkyfcsKyfpDrHrIt&aomfvnf;aumif;? rvdktyfbJ ykHaoowfrSwfxm;onfh usifhokH;vkyfaqmifrIrsm;jzpfonf/ þvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;wGif atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ Zmwd&yf&Gmvl YtzG J Utpnf;xH rjzpfrae jyefyd k Y jcif;Zmwd&yf&Gmvl YtzG J Utpnf;xH rjzpfrae jyefyd k Y jcif;Zmwd&yf&Gmvl YtzG J Utpnf;xH rjzpfrae jyefyd k Y jcif;Zmwd&yf&Gmvl YtzG J Utpnf;xH rjzpfrae jyefyd k Y jcif;Zmwd&yf&Gmvl YtzG J Utpnf;xH rjzpfrae jyefyd k Y jcif;EdkifiHtcsdKUwGif vlukeful;jcif;cH&NyD;aemuf vlukeful;jcif;cH&oludk ¤if;wdkY\ Zmwd&yf&GmvlYtzGJU

tpnf;xHodkY jyefydkY&ef vdktyfonf/ ¤if;tcsufESifh eD;uyfpGm csnfaESmifxm;onfrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;(t&G,fa&mufNyD;olrsm; tygt0if)tm; olwdkYudk vufcHNyD; tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;wGif olwdkYtwGuf vufrSwfa&;xdk;&onfh rdom;pkxHjyefydkY&ef vdktyfcsufyifjzpfonf/ tb,faMumifh þvkyfxkH;vkyfenf; vdktyfoenf;qdkonfrSm r&Sif;vif;yg/ txl;ojzifh t&G,fa&mufNyD;ol vlBuD;rsm;taejzifh þuJhodkY vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;onf uav;qefNyD; olwdkY\ udk,fydkifvkyfydkifcGifhESifh udk,fydkifqkH;jzwfydkifcGifhrsm;udk ysufpD;aponf[k tjiif;yGm;zG,fjzpfonf/

- 30 -- 30 -- 30 -- 30 -- 30 -

2/2/2/2/2/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm; tdrfjyef&mwGif a'ocHtmPmyd kifrsm;\ yg0ifywfoufrIvlukeful;cH&olrsm; tdrfjyef&mwGif a'ocHtmPmyd kifrsm;\ yg0ifywfoufrIvlukeful;cH&olrsm; tdrfjyef&mwGif a'ocHtmPmyd kifrsm;\ yg0ifywfoufrIvlukeful;cH&olrsm; tdrfjyef&mwGif a'ocHtmPmyd kifrsm;\ yg0ifywfoufrIvlukeful;cH&olrsm; tdrfjyef&mwGif a'ocHtmPmyd kifrsm;\ yg0ifywfoufrI vlukeful;cH&olrsm; tdrfjyefjcif;ESifh olwdkYtm; vufcHjcif;wdkYwGif ¤if;wdkYtm; t&m&Sdrsm;uapmifhMuyfvdkufygydkYaqmifjcif; (odkYr[kwf) aus;&GmtBuD;tuJu olwdkYtm;vufcHjcif; ponfwdkY tygt0ifrdom;pktdrfESifh aus;&Gmywf0ef;usifwGif t&m&Sdrsm;a&muf&Sdaeonf/ (rsm;aomtm;jzifh tvGefawGUjrifvG,fonf/) jzpf&yfrsm;pGmwGif þuJhodkYaom odjrifvG,fonfh tdrftjyefvkyfief;pOfonf olwdkYtm; vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf (odkYr[kwf? tenf;qkH;tm;jzifh b0&yfwnf&ef cufcJaom? odkYr[kwf ratmifjrifaoma&TUajymif;vkyfudkifoltjzpf) olwdkY\ rdom;pkESifh &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;tm;t&if;cHtm;jzifh xkwfjyvdkufjcif;yifjzpfonf/ þvkyfief;pOfonf tenf;qkH;tm;jzifh olwdkY\ yk*¾dKvfa&;vQKdU0SufrIESifh twGif;a&; vQKdU0SufrIudkcsdK;azmufjcif;jzpfNyD;? tqdk;qkH;tm;jzifh ab;tEÅ&m,fuif;a&;ESifh vkHNcHKa&;wdkYESifh ywfoufívnf;aumif;?olwdkY\ rdom;pkESifh &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;wGif a&&SnfcGJjcm;qufqHjcif;ESifh 0dkif;y,fjcif;wdkYESifh ywfoufívnf;aumif;? BuD;rm;aom tEÅ&m,fjzpfaponfh tvm;tvm&Sdonf/

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pDrHcefYcGJtkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&m vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;onf tvGefrsm;jym;aom usihf0wfqdkif&mudpö&yfrsm;udk ay:aygufaponf/ txl;ojzifh vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ yk*¾dKvfa&;vQKdU0SufrI? trnfemr vQKdU0SufrI? twGif;a&;vQKdU0SufrIrsm;ESifh ab;tEÅ&m,fuif;a&;ESifh vkHNcHKa&;udpö&yfrsm;ESifh ywfoufíjzpfonf/vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tysufoabmaqmifpGm xdcdkufapaom pDrHcefYcGJtkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&m vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;? pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESifh vufawGUusifhoHk; aqmif&GufrIrsm;udk jyefvnfoHk;oyfqifjcif&efESifh jyKjyifajymif;vJ&ef vdktyfonf/ þajymif;vJrIrsm;udk vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESifh wdkifyifaqG;aEG;NyD;olwdkY\ owif;tcsuftvufxnhf0ifrIrsm;jzifh jyKvkyfoifhonf/ vuf&SdwnfqJ vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;onf tu,fí ¤if;wkdYtm; oufqkdif&m0efxrf;rsm;twGuf tjyKtrlqdkif&m usihf0wfpnf;urf;rsm;ESifhtwGif;a&;vQKdU0SufrI? trnfemrvQKdU0SufrI? yk*¾dKvfa&;vQKdU0SufrIESifh vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ taumif;qHk;tusKd;pD;yGm;rsm;? txl;ojzifh uav;oli,fwpfOD;\ trIudpörsKd;wGif ponfwdkYuJhodkYaom usifh0wfqdkif&mvdkufemapmifhxdef;&rnhf vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;ESifh wGJzufrxm;vQif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf tEÅ&m,f&Sdonfh tvm;tvmrsm; jzpfay:aponf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh tu,fí t&m&Sdrsm;ESifh tmPmydkifrsm;tm;trIudpörsm;udk udkifwG,faqmif&Guf&mwGif vQKdU0SufEIwfvHk&rnfhwm0efwpf&yfjzifh csnfaESmifrxm;yguolwdkYonf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; olwdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;ESifh &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;wGif ]]ty,fcH}} apEdkifonfh yk*¾dKvfa&;owif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk olwdkY\ oabmwlcGihfjyKcsuf r&SdbJ a0rQay;zG,f&m&Sdonf/¤if;onf cGJjcm;qufqHcH&jcif;ESifh emrnfysuftrnf;pufxifapjcif;odkY OD;wnfonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHwGiftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;u olr\ aus;&GmtBuD;tuJonf olr\ oli,fcsif; (olrESifhtwl acgif;yHkjzwfcHcJh&ol) \ rdciftm; ]]vlukeful;cH&ol\ rdcif}} tjzpf vlod&SifMum; &nfñTef;ajymMum;cJhyHkudk azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;odkY jyefvmjcif; tygt0if (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;\ trsKd;rsKd;aomtqifhrsm; wpfavQmufvHk;wGif trIudpötm;vHk;tm; udkifwG,faqmif&Guf&mü usihf0wfqdkif&m vdkufemapmifhxdef;&rnfh vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;udk zGJUpnf;xlaxmif&ef vdktyfonf/ jzpf&yfwpfckwGif olr\&yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;xH jyefoGm;cJhaom vmtdkrdef;uav;wpfOD;u tzGJUtpnf;onf olr\ tawGUtBuHKudkvQKdU0Sufxm;&Sd&efESifh ywfoufí aus;&GmtBuD;tuJESifh pum;ajymcJhyHkESifh ¤if;onf olrtwGuf tvGef

- 31 -- 31 -- 31 -- 31 -- 31 -

ta&;BuD;yHkudk azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;acgif;aqmifrsm;? tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;rsm;? um;armif;olrsm;? bmomjyefolrsm; tp&SdojzifhwdkY tygt0if vlukeful;olrsm;ESifh qufoG,frI&Sdaom ½Hk;0efxrf;rsm;ESifhtrIxrf;rsm;tm;vHk;tm;þusihf0wfqdkif&mvkdufemapmifhxdef;&rnfh vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;udkavhusihfoifMum;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/

udpö&yf 1 ? 7 / t&if;tjrpfrsm;? &efyHkaiGESifU a&&SnfwnfwHUrI/

(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;tm; trsdK;om;tpdk;&rsm;ESifh EdkifiHjcm;tvSL&SifwdkYu rvkHravmuft&if;tESD;axmufyHhvsuf&Sdonf/

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;rIrsm;u tpdk;&Xmersm;? tpdk;&r[kwfaom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh EdkifiHwum tzGJUtpnf;rsm;wGif (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; taxmuftyHhtwGuf t&if;tjrpfrsm; tvkH;pkHuif;rJhaerIudk rD;armif;xdk;jyaeonf/ jzpf&yfrsm;pGmwGif (jyefvnf)0ifqefY aygif;pnf;a&;twGuft&if;tjrpfrsm; uif;rJhrI\ &v'ftjzpf tultnD&,la&;vrf;aMumif;udk uefYowfxm;&Sdonf/(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;wGif t&if;tjrpfrsm; jywfvyfaejcif;rSm atmufygtcsufrsm;aMumifh jzpfonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ (jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;twGuf tpd k;&t&if;tjrpfrsm; uif;rJ hr I(jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;twGuf tpd k;&t&if;tjrpfrsm; uif;rJ hr I(jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;twGuf tpd k;&t&if;tjrpfrsm; uif;rJ hr I(jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;twGuf tpd k;&t&if;tjrpfrsm; uif;rJ hr I(jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;twGuf tpd k;&t&if;tjrpfrsm; uif;rJ hr IrJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'o EdkifiHrsm;wGif tcsdKUaom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDudk

trsdK;om;tpdk;&rsm;u axmufyHhonf/ ¤if;wGif vlrIa&;t&&yfwnf&ef cufcJaom olrsm;twGufusef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrI? toufarG;0rf;ausmif; avhusifhoifMum;a&;pDrHcsufrsm;? qif;&JrGJawrIavQmhcsa&;tpDtpOfrsm;? tvkyftudkif&SmazGa&;at*sifpDrsm;? tpdk;&ausmif;ESifh ausmif;jyifyynma&;pDrHcsufrsm;? vlrIzlvkHa&; ponfh ydkí a,bk,susaom ulnDaxmufyhHrI tpDtpOfrsm; yg0ifNyD; ¤if;wdkYudkvlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; ulnDaxmufyHh&ef pkpnf;aqmif&Gufonf/ odkY&mwGif a'owGif;&Sd rnfonfhtpdk;&urQ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf tvkH;pkHjynfhpkHaom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; ulnDaxmufyHhrIudk ray;Edkif (&efyHkaiG raxmufyHhEdkif)yg/ aemufqufwGJ ulnDaxmufyHhrIrSmvnf; raocsmyg/

2/2/2/2/2/ EdkifiHjcm;tvSL&Sifrsm;u &efyHkaiGaxmufyHhxm;aom tpdk;&r[kwfonfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;EdkifiHjcm;tvSL&Sifrsm;u &efyHkaiGaxmufyHhxm;aom tpdk;&r[kwfonfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;EdkifiHjcm;tvSL&Sifrsm;u &efyHkaiGaxmufyHhxm;aom tpdk;&r[kwfonfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;EdkifiHjcm;tvSL&Sifrsm;u &efyHkaiGaxmufyHhxm;aom tpdk;&r[kwfonfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;EdkifiHjcm;tvSL&Sifrsm;u &efyHkaiGaxmufyHhxm;aom tpdk;&r[kwfonfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESif h Ed ki fiHwumtzG J Utpnf;rsm;twGif;ü t&if;tjrpfrvk Havmufjcif;ESif h Ed ki fiHwumtzG J Utpnf;rsm;twGif;ü t&if;tjrpfrvk Havmufjcif;ESif h Ed ki fiHwumtzG J Utpnf;rsm;twGif;ü t&if;tjrpfrvk Havmufjcif;ESif h Ed ki fiHwumtzG J Utpnf;rsm;twGif;ü t&if;tjrpfrvk Havmufjcif;ESif h Ed ki fiHwumtzG J Utpnf;rsm;twGif;ü t&if;tjrpfrvk Havmufjcif;

rsm;aomtm;jzifh (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;tultnD pDrHcsufrsm;udk jyifyt&if;tjrpfrsm; (EdkifiHjcm;tvSL&Sifrsm;? EdkifiHwumtzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh ukvor*¾at*sifpDrsm;)u &efyHkaiG axmufyHhvsuf&SdNyD; tpdk;&r[kwfaom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh EdkifiHwumtzGJUtpnf;rsm;u taumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdonf/ tpdk;&r[kwfaom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh EdkifiHwumtzGJUtpnf;rsm;u ay;tyfaom0efaqmifrIrsm;onf tpdk;&0efaqmifrIrsm;xufydkí t&if;tjrpf<u,f0NyD; tultnDay;tyfrIonfvnf;a,bk,stm;jzifh ydkí jynfhpkHonf/ t&if;tjrpfrsm;tm; trIudpöaqmif&Gufonfh tvkyform;rsm;iSm;&rf;jcif;ESifh trIrsm;udk a&&SnfpDrHcefYcGJjcif;? apmifhMunfhppfaq;jcif;wdkYudk axmuf½Iítpdk;r[kwfaomtzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh EdkifiHwum tzGJUtpnf;rsm;wGif tvkyfvkyfaom0efxrf;rsm;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESifh tcsdefMumvmonfESifhtrQydkí tquftoG,f&SdvmykH&onf/ odkY&mwGif þpDrHcsufrsm;onf wpfcgwpf&HwGif tuefYtowf&Sdaom t&if;tjrpfrsm;ESifh b@maiGvdktyfcsufrsm;aMumifh xdcdkufrI&SdNyD; vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; taxmuftyHhudk uefYowfxm;onf/

- 32 -- 32 -- 32 -- 32 -- 32 -

t"duawGY&Sdcsufrsm;? tydkif; 2yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;tvdkuf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&; 0efaqmifrIrsm;

axmufyHUay;tyfjcif;qdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;

uarÇm'D;,m; NGO EdkifiH jzwfausmf pdwf - vlrIa&;tzGJUtpnf; (Transnational PsychosocialOrganization) (TPO) rS pdwf- vlrIa&;tBuHay;yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;onf trIonf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;xHtdrfwdkif&ma&muf oGm;a&mufí ESpfodrfhaqG;aEG; tBuHay;jcif;udk urf;vSrf;ay;tyfonf/

- 33 -- 33 -- 33 -- 33 -- 33 -

t"duawGY &Sdcsufrsm;/ tydkif; (2)?yk* ¾ dKvfa&;t& wpfOD;csif;axmufyHUaom

(jyefvnf)0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&; 0efaqmifrIrsm;\ udpö&yfrsm;

udpö&yf 2 ? 1 / yk*¾dKvfa&;t& wpfOD;csif;axmufyHUrI r&Sdjcif;

(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDrsm;udk yk* ¾ dKvfwpfOD;csif;pD\ vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifhtajctaersm;ESifh udkufnDatmif tNrJwrf; jyKjyifajymif;vJjcif; rjyKvkyfyg/

rsm;pGmaom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;onf tultnD&,lcHpm;ol tm;vkH;udk ykHaoowfrSwfxm;aomtultnDudkay;urf;Muonf/ odkY&mwGif rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tzdkY ¤if;wdkY&&Sdaom 0efaqmifrIrsm;ESifh taxmuftyhH (ESifh þ0efaqmifrIrsm;udk pDpOfaqmif&GufrIenf;vrf;) onf ¤if;wdkY\ wpfOD;csif;vdktyfcsufrsm;? tajctae? tusdK;pD;yGm; odkYr[kwf pGrf;&nfwdkYESifh udkufnDatmif vkHavmufpGm jyKjyifajymif;vJrI r&Sdyg/ rsm;pGmaom pDrHcsufrsm;ESifh tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;wGif yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;tvdkuf ulnDrIuif;rJh&jcif;twGuf taMumif;tcsuf rsm;pGm&Sdonf/ ¤if;taMumif;tcsufrsm;rSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESifhtvkyfvkyf&mwGif ¤if;wdkY\ oD;jcm;jzpfaom tajctae? vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh tusdK;pD;yGm;rsm;udk tuJjzwf&ef rvkHavmufaom tm½kHpdkufrIESifh tcsdefay;rItay:wGif a,bk,stm;jzifh A[dkjyKaeonf/

¤if;wdkYwGif atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifonf -1/ wpfOD;csif; vdktyfcsufrsm;udk tuJjzwfrI r&Sdjcif;2/ vdktyfcsufrsm;udk tuJjzwf&mwGif tcsdefay;rI rvkHavmufjcif;3/ tultnD&,lcHpm;rnfholrsm; yg0ifaqmif&GufrI tuefYtowf&Sdjcif;4/ qdkufa&mufEdkifiHESifh rl&if;EdkifiHtMum; qufoG,faqmif&GufrI tuefYtowf&Sdjcif;vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf wpfOD;csif;tvdkuf? udkufnSdjyKjyifxm;aom 0efaqmifrIrsm; uif;rJh

jcif;\ t"dutusdK;quf(2)ckrSm tultnDonf roifhawmf? rudkufnDjcif; (vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ vdktyfcsufudk rjznfhqnf;ay;Edkifjcif;)? odkYr[kwf? tultnDudk r&&SdEdkifjcif;wdkYyif jzpfonf/

þESpfckpvkH;onf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm;udk a&&Snf (ESifh tysufoabmaqmifaom) *,uf½dkufcwfrI &Sdonf/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; tultnD urf;vSrf;rIrsm;onf yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifU tajctaeESifU udkufnDatmif jyKjyifajymif;vJjcif; r&Sdyg/

AD,uferfEdkifiHrS vli,fwpfOD;onf vkyftm;twGuf w½kwfEdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&onf/ oltdrfjyefvmaomtcg olonf armfawmfum;pufjyifoifwef;udk wufcsifcJhonf/ odkYaomf þa&G;cs,frIudk olYudktultnDurf;vSrf;aom at*sifpDxHrS r&Edkifyg/ ¤if;tpm; olonf om;a&jynfyydkYonfhukrÜPDwpfckwGif tvkyfvkyf&ef? odkYr[kwf armfawmfqdkifu,fjyKjyifa&;udk avhusifhoifMum;&ef tcGifhtvrf;udkurf;vSrf;cHcJh&onf/ a&G;cs,frI 2ckpvHk; olYudk qGJaqmifEdkifpGrf; r&Sdyg/ ¤if;wdkYu olYudk tvm;tvmaumif;aom tvkyftudkif a&G;cs,fEdkifonfh tcGifhta&;udk ray;Edkif[k olcHpm;&onf/ olonf tultnDudk jiif;y,fcJhonf/

- 34 -- 34 -- 34 -- 34 -- 34 -

xdkhtjyif (jyefvnf)0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&; pDrHudef;rsm;udk taumiftxnfazmf&mwGiftultnD &,lcHpm;olrsm;\ yg0ifaqmif&GufrIudk uefhowfxm;onf/

vkyftm;twGuf xdkif;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom uarÇm'D;,m;trsKd;om;wpfOD;u ulnDaxmufyHhrItzGJUtpnf;ESifh ol\tMum;wGif ol\ vdktyfcsufrsm;udk olwdkY tuJjzwf&ef vma&mufaomtcgwGifvGJrSm;pGm qufoG,fajymqdkrIudk azmfjycJhonf/ ¤if;u olvdkcsifonfh odkYr[kwf? vdktyfonfh t&mrsm;r[kwfaom 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk urf;vSrf;jcif;cH&aponf/ ulnDaxmufyHhrI tzGJUtpnf;onf olYtwGuftoufarG;rIynmoifwef;wufa&muf&ef pDpOfay;cJh onf/ odkYaomf olYtaejzifh xdkodkY rwufa&mufEdkifyg/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olonf ol\ vlukeful;cH&onfh 'Pf&m 'Pfcsufrsm;rS emvefxlqJjzpfaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ xdkYjyif avhusifhoifMum;ay;rIonf olpdwfr0ifpm;aom vkyfief;e,fy,fwpfckjzpfonf/ ol\ ZeD;onf udk,f0efaqmifae&NyD; olYtaejzifh ol\rdom;pkudk axmufyHh&ef tvkyfvkyfzdkYvdktyfonf/ olonf ol\ &GmwGif ao;i,faom ukefpHkqdkifwpfck xlaxmifcsifonf/ xdkYtwGuf olonft&if;tEDS;vdktyfonf/ ¤if;tpm; olonf arG;jrL&ef wd&pämeftcsKdU &&SdcJhNyD; wd&pämefrsm; tm;vHk;aoqHk;ukefonf/ oltultnD r&&SdEdkifcJhaom jyóemtcsKdU &Sd r&Sd ar;jref;aomtcg ]]olwdkYu uRefawmfhtajctaeudk vHk;0em;rvnfbl;}}[k ajym&if; olonf pdwfysufrIudk xkwfazmfjyocJhonf/

jrefrmEdkifiHrS rdef;uav;wpfOD;onf olr\ tultnDESifh b0ESifh ywfoufí qHk;jzwfcsufcsrSwf&mwGif olrtaejzifh wuf<upGm yg0ifywfoufrI r&Sd&jcif;twGuf pdwfysuf&rIudk xkwfazmfajymqdkcJhonf/ olru ulnDaxmufyHrI0efxrf;rsm; olrqD awGUqHk&efvmaomtcg olwdkYonf olr\ rdcifudkompum;ajymNyD; olrudk aqG;aEG;wdkifyifrI r&SdcJhaMumif; &Sif;jycJhonf/

aumif;rGefaom usifUoHk;aqmif&GufrI (jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&; vrf;aMumif;ay:wGifvlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;udk tuJjzwfjcif; (ESifU jyefvnftuJjzwfjcif;)jyKvkyfonf/

vkyftm;twGuf jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif; jynfwGif;ü vlukeful;cH&aom vli,fwpfOD;u yHkrSef qufoG,frIESifh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;tvdkuf ulnDaxmufyHhrItaMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholonftajctaersm; b,fvdkjzpfaeonfudk Munfh½I&efESifh olwdkY aemufqHk; awGUqHkcJhNyD;csdefrSpíjzpfay:vmaomrnfonfhjyóemrsm; ?odkYr[kwf? vdktyf csufrsm;udkrqdk aqG;aEG;&ef 3vMumwdkif;olESifh awGUqHkonf/olu olYtwGuf þqufvuf vkyfaqmifaeaom qufoG,frIESifh taxmuftyHhonf ol\ (jyefvnf)0ifqefY aygif;pnf;a&;wGif tvGefta&;ygonf[k &Sif;jycJhonf/

jynfwefqmvkyf&ef *syefEdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom xdkif; trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf olr\ vlrI0efxrf;ESifh yHkrSeftquftoG,f&Sdonf/ vlrI0efxrf;onf olrrnfodkY pcef;oGm;aeonfqdkonfESifh olrwGiftultnD vdktyfcsufwpfckck &Sd? r&Sd Munfh½I&ef olrxH rMum rMumvma&muf vnfywfonf/ olrwGifaq;0g;uko&ef vdktyfaom emwm&Snfusef;rma&; tajctaewpfck&Sdonf/ odkYjzpfí vlrI0efxrf;uolrvdktyfaom aq;0g;ukorIudk olr&&SdzdkY aocsmap&ef Munfh½Ippfaq;cJhonf/

- 35 -- 35 -- 35 -- 35 -- 35 -

udpö&yf 2 ? 2 / tvkH;pkH jynfUpkHaom 0efaqmifrI r&Sdjcif;

vlukeful;cH&ol tm;vkH;onf tvkH;pkH jynfhpkHonfh 0efaqmifrIudk r&&SdEdkifyg/rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u tvkH;pkHjynfhpkHaom yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;tvdkuf 0efaqmifrIrsm;

ESifh taxmuftyHhonf rnfuJhodkY olwdkY\ atmifjrifaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;rItm; taxmuftuljyKaMumif; azmfjycJhMuonf/ þavhvmcsuftwGuf awGUqkHar;jref;cJhaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;xJrS(73)OD;onf tvkH;pkH jynfhpkHaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; taxmuftyHh[k trsdK;tpm; owfrSwfEdkifonfh tultnDudk &&SdcJhMuonf/

odkY&mwGif tm;vkH;NcHKMunfhvQif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;pGmonf ¤if;wdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKaemufydkif;wGif tvkH;pkHjynfhpkHonfh (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;0efaqmifrIrsm;udk r&&SdcJhMuyg/vlukeful;cH&olrsm;rSm avsmhenf;pGm tultnDay;jcif;cH&onfu rsm;onf/ wpfenf;qdk&vQif ¤if;wdkYonf tcsdKUaom (wpfcgwpf&H rsm;pGmaom) ulnDrIyHkpHrsm;udk &&SdcJhMuaomfvnf; ¤if;wdkY\ yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;t& vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh tajctaeESifh udkufnDatmif jyKjyifajymif;vJxm;onfh tvkH;pkH jynfhpkHaom0efaqmifrIrsm;udk r&&SdcJhMuyg/

jynfhpkHaom 0efaqmifrI axmufyHhjcif;onf tzGJUtpnf;? tifpwDusL;&Sif;ESifh EdkifiHtvdkuf uGJjym;jcm;em;onf/ odkY&mwGif a'owGif;ü rnfolwdkYonf tvkH;pkH jynfhpkHaom(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;0efaqmifrIrsm;udk a,bk,stm;jzifh &&Sd&ef vrf;aMumif;&Sdonf (r&Sdonf)ESifh ywfoufí pdppfowfrSwfxm;aom t"duykHpH(3)ck &Sdonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ tvkH;pk H jynfhpk Haom 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk a*[mrsm;wGif &Edkifaomfvnf; vltzGJUtpnf;tvkH;pk H jynfhpk Haom 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk a*[mrsm;wGif &Edkifaomfvnf; vltzGJUtpnf;tvkH;pk H jynfhpk Haom 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk a*[mrsm;wGif &Edkifaomfvnf; vltzGJUtpnf;tvkH;pk H jynfhpk Haom 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk a*[mrsm;wGif &Edkifaomfvnf; vltzGJUtpnf;tvkH;pk H jynfhpk Haom 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk a*[mrsm;wGif &Edkifaomfvnf; vltzGJUtpnf;rsm;xJwGif r&Ed kifyg/rsm;xJwGif r&Ed kifyg/rsm;xJwGif r&Ed kifyg/rsm;xJwGif r&Ed kifyg/rsm;xJwGif r&Ed kifyg/ urf;vSrf;ay;tyfaom tultnDrsm; tajrmuftrsm;&Sdonfh a*[mtajcjyK pDrHcsufrsm;rSwpfqifh?tvkH;pkH jynfhpkHaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk a,bk,stm;jzifh ydkí us,fjyefYpGm&&SdEdkifonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf olwdkY\ aetdrfrsm;^&yf&GmvlUtzGJUtpnf;rsm;xHodkY jyefvmaomtcsdefwGif tvkH;pkHjynfhpkHaom ulnDaxmufyHhrI&&Sda&;rSm jzpfavhjzpfx&SdrI enf;yg;onf/

2/2/2/2/2/ vlukeful;cH&ola,mufsm;BuD;rsm;ESif h a,mufsm;av;rsm;twGuf uef YowfrI&S daomvlukeful;cH&ola,mufsm;BuD;rsm;ESif h a,mufsm;av;rsm;twGuf uef YowfrI&S daomvlukeful;cH&ola,mufsm;BuD;rsm;ESif h a,mufsm;av;rsm;twGuf uef YowfrI&S daomvlukeful;cH&ola,mufsm;BuD;rsm;ESif h a,mufsm;av;rsm;twGuf uef YowfrI&S daomvlukeful;cH&ola,mufsm;BuD;rsm;ESif h a,mufsm;av;rsm;twGuf uef YowfrI&S daom(jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&; tultnD(jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&; tultnD(jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&; tultnD(jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&; tultnD(jyefvnf) 0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&; tultnD

jzpf&yfrsm;pGmwGif vlukeful;cH&ol a,mufsm;rsm;onf w&m;0iftm;jzifh vlukeful;cH&ol[ktodtrSwfjyKjcif; cH&aomfvnf; tvGefuefYowfrI&Sdaom taxmuftyHhudkom &&SdcJhMuonf/ tenf;i,faomolrsm;rSm vHk;0ulnDjcif; rcH&yg/ vlukeful;cH&ol a,mufsm;rsm;taejzifh ulnDjcif;cH&vQifawmifrStultnDonf a,bk,stm;jzifh tvkH;pkHjynfhpkHonfh tultnDESifh a0;uGmvSonf/ a,mufsm;rsm;udkulnDaom tultnDonf a&&Snf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; xuftdrfjyef&efESifh tajccH vdktyfcsufrsm;twGufom OD;wnfowfrSwfxm;onfh tultnDjzpfonf/ tcsdKU a,mufsm;rsm;onf tESpfom&tm;jzifh tdrfjyef&ef taxmuftyHhudk &&SdMuonf/ ¤if;rSm o,f,lydkYaqmifay;jcif;ESifh tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;wGifa*[mrsm;ü acwåaexdkifjcif; aygif;pyfxm;onfh tultnDjzpfonf/ a*[mrsm;ü acwåaexdkifpOf0efaqmifrItenf;i,frQ &&Sdonf/ odkYr[kwf vkH;0r&&SdcJhMuyg/ (wpfenf;qdk&vQif ]tajccHusaomtultnD}} &&Sdjcif;jzpfonf/) rSwfom;&efrSm vlukeful;cH&ol a,mufsm;av;rsm;onfvnf; ]]tajccHusaomtultnD}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]avsmhenf;aom tultnD}} udk &&SdcJhMuonf/ vlukeful;cH&ol a,mufsm;

- 36 -- 36 -- 36 -- 36 -- 36 -

av; (5)OD;omvQif tvkH;pkHjynfhpkHonfh (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnD[k ,lqEdkifonfhtultnDudk &&SdcJhMuonf/ ¤if;wdkY\ jzpf&yfonftvkH;pkH jynfhpkHaom a*[mtajcjyK ulnDapmifha&SmufrIudk a,bk,stm;jzifh &&SdcJhMuonfh (wpfcgwpf&H tvGefwlnDaom vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKrsm;&SdMuonhf) oufwl &G,fwlrdef;uav;rsm;ESifh odomxif&Sm;pGm qefYusifjcm;em;vsuf&Sdonf/

3/3/3/3/3/ tvkH;pk H jynf hpk Honfh 0efaqmifrIrsm;onf tzG J Utpnf;? tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;tvdkuftvkH;pk H jynf hpk Honfh 0efaqmifrIrsm;onf tzG J Utpnf;? tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;tvdkuftvkH;pk H jynf hpk Honfh 0efaqmifrIrsm;onf tzG J Utpnf;? tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;tvdkuftvkH;pk H jynf hpk Honfh 0efaqmifrIrsm;onf tzG J Utpnf;? tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;tvdkuftvkH;pk H jynf hpk Honfh 0efaqmifrIrsm;onf tzG J Utpnf;? tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;tvdkufuG J jym;jcm;em;onf/uG J jym;jcm;em;onf/uG J jym;jcm;em;onf/uG J jym;jcm;em;onf/uG J jym;jcm;em;onf/

vlukeful;cH&olrsm; &&Sdonfh (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; 0efaqmifrIrsm;\ t&nftaoG;ESifh twdkif;twmonf ¤if;wdkYudk axmufyHh&mwGi frnfonfh tzGJUtpnf;ESifh odkYr[kwf tifpwDusL;&Sif;u yg0ifvkyfaqmifoenf;qdkonfh tcsufu ododomom MoZmoufa&mufrI&&Sdonf/

EdkifiHwpfEdkifiHtwGif;&Sd vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf ¤if;wdkY aexdkif&mae&m (wpfenf;qdk&vQifrnfonfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;? odkYr[kwf? tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;u ¤if;wdkYae&ma'owGif tvkyfvkyfaeoenf;)ESifh ¤if;wdkYudk vma&mufqufoG,fol (wpfenf;qdk&vQif ¤if;wdkYudk pdppfowfrSwfonfh tzGJUtpnf;)ESifhpyfvsOf;í uGJjym;jcm;em;aom ulnDapmifha&SmufrItqifhrsm;ESifh t&nftaoG;udk &&SdMuonf/ jzpf&yfrsm;pGmwGif tvGefqifwlaom tawGUtBuHKESifh vdktyfcsufrsm;&Sdonfh vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf rnfonfhat*sifpDu ¤if;wdkYudk ulnDaeoenf;qdkonfhtcsufay: rlwnfvsuf tvGefuGJjym;jcm;em;aom taxmuftyHhudk &&SdcJhMuonf/

tultnD vdktyfcsufrsm;\ twdkif;twmtjynfht0udk xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;rI r&Sdjcif;onf jzpf&yfrsm;pGmwGif (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;twGuf t[efYtwm;rsm;? tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;wGif a&&Snfü(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; ratmifjrifrIESifhyif wdkuf½dkufqufpyfvsuf&Sdonf/ þonfu (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDESifh taxmuftyHhrsm;twGuf tedrfhqkH;tqifh pHowfrSwfcsufrsm;vdktyfrIudk rD;armif;xdk;jyvsuf&Sdonf/

aumif;rGefaom usifUoHk;aqmif&GufrI tvHk;pHkjynfUpHkaom 0efaqmifrIrsm;onfatmifjrifaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;udk yHUydk;jznfUqnf;ay;onf/

tpm;tpm jyKjyifxkwfvkyfonfh puf½Hkwpf½HkwGif tvkyfvkyf&ef xdkif;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aomuarÇm'D;,m; trsdK;om;wpfOD;onf xdkif;ESifh uarÇm'D;,m;&Jrsm;u puf½Hktm; yl;aygif;pD;eif;rIwpfckjyKvkyfaomtcg u,fwifcHcJh&onf/ ol\ aemufaMumif;&mZ0iftm; pHkprf;ppfaq;NyD; vlukeful;cH&wpfOD;tjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&NyD;aemuf olYtm;a*[mwpfckodkY vTJajymif;ay;cJhNyD; olYudk vlukeful;oltm;trIzGifhw&m;pGJqdkcJhonf/ olonf a*[mwGif (3) vMumaecJh&NyD; xdktcsdeftawmtwGif; tvkyfvkyfEkdifcJhonf/ olu ulnDaxmufyHhrI 0efxrf;rsm;\ av;pm;pGmESifhodu©m&SdpGm aumif;aumif;rGefrGef qufqHjcif;cHcJh&aMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ olYtm; oH½Hk;0efxrf;u uarÇm'D;,m; e,fpyfodkY apmifhMuyfvdkufygydkYaqmifcJhNyD; olY&GmodkY oljyef&ef olUtm; aiGaMu;ray;rD e,fpyful;oef;a&;pcef;wpfckwGif wpfnwmae&mxdkifcif;ay;cJhonf/ tdrfjyefa&mufaomtcg olonf tpueOD; taxmuftyHhtcsKdUudk vufcH&&SdcJhNyD;aemufydkif;wGif 0ifaiGwdk;a&; enf;vrf;wpfcktjzpfarG;jrL&ef 0uftcsKdUudk axmufyHhjcif;cHcJh&onf/ olonfaqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief;wGifvnf; tvkyfvkyfonf/ olonf ol\ rdom;pkESifhtwlaexdkifvsuf&SdNyD;olYrdom;pkESifh &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;twGif; qufqHa&;rsm;rSm aumif;rGefvsuf&Sdonf/

- 37 -- 37 -- 37 -- 37 -- 37 -

pdkufysKd;a&;vkyfief;wGif tvkyfvkyf&ef tpöa&;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom xdkif;trsKd;om;wpfOD;onf ay;&efusef&Sdaeao;aom vkyfcvpmrsm;twGuf ol\ tvkyf&Siftm; avsmfaMu;awmif;cH&mwGiftpöa&;EkdifiHü ulnDjcif;cHcJh&onf/ olonf vkyfcaumif;pGm&aom tvkyfwpfck&SmazG&mwGifvnf;ulnDjcif;cHcJh&NyD; ae&mxdkifcif;ESifh tjcm;0efaqmifrI trsKd;rsKd;udk axmufyHhjcif;cHcJh&onf/ olonf xdkif;EkdifiHodkY jyefta&mufwGif vlrI0efxrf;wpfOD;u olYudk awGYqHkNyD; oltdrfjyef&ef aiGaMu;tultnD tcsKdUaxmufyHhcJhonf/ xdkYaemuf odyfrMumrDrSmyif EkdifiHawmf vlrI0efxrf;wpfOD;onf olYtdrfodkY vma&mufvnfywfNyD; ol\ tultnDvdktyfcsufrsm; taMumif;olESifh pum;ajymcJhonf/ olonf pdkufysKd;a&;udkjyefvkyf&ef &nf&G,fxm;aomaMumifh olYtm;axmufyHhaMu;wpf&yfay;cJhonf/ xdkaxmufyHhaMu;udk olonf ud&d,mypönf;rsm;? rsKd;aphrsm;ESifh tjcm;pdkufysKd;a&;ud&d,mrsm; 0,f&mwGif oHk;pGJcJhonf/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; avsmUenf;pGm ulnDjcif;cH&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf(jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;wGif pdefac:rItcuftcJrsm;udk &ifqdkifBuHKawGY Mu&onf/

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jynfyü vlukeful;cHcJh&aom vmtdkrdef;uav;wpfOD;onf olr\ rdom;pkESifhtwl aexdkif&eftdrfjyefvmcJhonf/ olr\ rdom;pkonf tvGefqif;&JJNyD; vdktyfcsufrsm;pGm &Sdonf/ odkY&mwGif urf;vSrf;aom 0efaqmifrIrsm;onf oifhovdk? BuHKovdkay;aom tultnDrsm;jzpfNyD; tuefYtowfvnf;&Sdonf/olronf ausmif;wuf&ef aiGaMu;? rIdpdkufysKd;a&;wGif avhusifhhoifMum;rItcsKdUESifh olr\ rdom;pktwGufqeftcsKdUudkvnf; vufcH&&SdcJhonf/ odkY&mwGif rdom;pkonf pD;yGm;a&;tultnDudk r&&SdcJhay/ þpD;yGm;a&; tultnDonf olwdkY\tvHk;pHk pD;yGm;a&;tajctaeudk udkifwG,fajz&Sif;&ef olwdkYudk ulnDNyD;tjyeftvSeftm;jzifh olr\ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udk taxmuftyHhjyKrnfjzpfonf/ig;zrf;pufavSwpfpD;ay:odkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom uarÇm'D;,m;trsKd;om;wpfOD;onf a&pkyfpufwpfvHk;axmufyHhjcif;cHcJh&onf/ ig;zrf;&ef vlukeful;cHcJh&aom ol\ om;onfvnf; armfawmfqkdifu,fwpfpD;axmufyHhjcif;cHcJh&onf/ ulnDaxmufyHhrIonf wpfBudrfwnf;omjzpfNyD; xdktcsdefrSpí olonf ulnDaxmufyHhrItzGJUtpnf;ESifh tquftoG,f r&Sdawmhay/

udpö&yf 2 ? 3 / oifUavsmfaom ae&mxdkifcif; r&Sdjcif;

ae&mxdkifcif; a&G;cs,frIrsm;onf tNrJwapvkHNcHKjcif;? pdwfauseyfjcif; odkYr[kwf tukeftuscHEdkifjcif; r&Sdyg/

atmifjrifaom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;twGuf wdkif;wmcsufwpf&yfrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf a&wdk? a&&Snfaexdkif&ef oifhawmfaom ae&mwpfck &Sd r&Sdyif jzpfonf/ þonfrSm aexdkif&eftaqmuftOD;onf vkHNcHKjcif;? tukeftuscHEdkifjcif;ESifh pdwfauseyfzG,f&m tqifhtwef;&dSjcif;[k qdkvdk

- 38 -- 38 -- 38 -- 38 -- 38 -

onf/ a&wdkü tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf ae&mxdkifcif; vdktyfcsufudk a*[mrsm;jzifh jznfhqnf;ay;onf/ xdkodkYqdkaomfvnf; vlukeful;cH&ol tm;vkH;onf vlukeful;cH&jcif;rS vGwfajrmufNyD;NyD;csif;tajctaewGif aexdkif&ef taqmuftOD; (,m,Dyifjzpfap)udk r&&SdEdkifMuyg/ tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk oifhawmfonfh a*[mtaqmuftOD;rsm; r[kwfbJ tusOf;axmifrsm;? tcsKyfcef;rsm;ESifhxdef;odrf;a&;pcef;rsm;wGif ae&mcsxm;Muonf/ þonfrSm txl;ojzifh vlukeful;cH&ol a,mufsm;rsm;twGuf jzpf½dk;jzpfpOfyifjzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYtwGuf a*[mtaqmuftOD;rsm; r&Edkifyg/ odkY&mwGif tcsdKUaomqdkufa&mufEdkifiHrsm;wGifvnf; vlukeful;cH&ol rdef;rrsm;ESifh uav;rsm;rSm tcsKyfcef;rsm;ESifh &Jpcef;rsm;wGif aeMu&onf/

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1/ aexdkif&efae&m r&Sdjcif;/2/ tdrfonf vkHNcHKrI r&Sdjcif;/3/ pdwfauseyfzG,fr&Sdaom aexdkifrI tajctaersm;/4/ aexdkif&ef taqmuftODudk tukeftus rcHEdkifjcif;/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; aetdrfonfr&&SdEdkifyg? rvHkNcHKyg? rvHkavmufyg? odkhr[kwf? tukeftus rwwfEdkifyg/

xdkif;EdkifiHwGif ig;zrf;pufavSwpfpD;ay:odkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom jrefrmEdkifiHrS trsKd;om;wpfOD;onf tdrfüpD;yGm;a&;jyóemrsm;udk &ifqkdifae&NyD; a&TUajymif;oGm;vm&ef qHk;jzwfcJhonf/ olonf olwdkY\pD;yGm;a&;jyóemrsm;udk udkifwG,fajz&Sif;zdkY BudK;pm;&ef ol\ tdrfudkaiG 30ç000usyf (34 USD cefY) jzifhaygifESHcJh&onf/ xdkYaemufta<u;udk jyefqyf&eftwGuf a&TUajymif;oGm;vmzdkU vdktyfcJhonf/ olonfvlukefull;cHae&pOf tdrfudk aiGrydkYEdkifaomaMumihf olYrdom;pktaejzifh ta<u;udk tcsdefrD jyefrqyfEdkifyJolwdkY\ tdrfudk qHk;½IH;oGm;cJhonf/ xkdYtjyifta<u; 60ç000usyf (70 USD cefY) ygwif&dSaecJhonf/

t"r®vufxyf&ef w½kwfEdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom AD,uferf trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf olr tdrfjyefvmaomtcg olrudk vlukeful;ol\ Ncdrf;ajcmufrIrsm;udk &ifqkdif&onf/ þNcdrf;ajcmufrIonf tcsdeftawmfMumatmif qufvuf&dSaeNyD; aemufqHk;wGif olr\ rdom;pku olrudk ab;uif;vkHNcKHap&eftjcm;NrdKUwpfNrddddddKUwGif aexdkif&ef pDpOfcJh&onf/ olr rnfonfhae&mwGif &dSonfudk olr\ rdom;pkrSvTJírnfolrQ rodyg/ jynfwefqmvkyf&ef uarÇm'D;,m;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom AD,uferfrdef;uav;wpfOD;uþtqifhü olr tvdktyfqHk; tultnDrSm tvGeftrif; tajctaeqdk;aeaom olr\ rdom;pkaetdrfudk jyefaqmuf&mwGif tultnDtcsKdU &&dS&efyifjzpfonf[k &Sif;jycJhonf/ olr ajymonfh twdkif;qdkvQif ]]uRefrwdkYrSm wu,hf tdrfwpftdrfr&Sdbl;/ uRefr&JU tdrf[m tdrfeJY rwlbl;}}

- 39 -- 39 -- 39 -- 39 -- 39 -

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vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf us,fjyefYaom twdkif;twm&Sdonfh (rMumcP tvGefjyif;xefaom)usef;rma&;jyóemrsm;ESifh aq;uko&ef vdktyfcsufrsm;&Sdonf/ usef;rma&;qdkif&m vdktyfcsufrsm;onfrsm;aomtm;jzifh acgif;ykHjzwfcH&onfh oabmobm0ESifh txl;ywfoufrI&Sdaomfvnf; þudpöonfawGUBuHKcHpm;cJh&onfh vlukeful;cH&rIykHpHESifh rqdkifbJ a,mufsm;? rdef;rESifh vlBuD;? uav;ponfh vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ jyóemjzpfonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf usef;rma&;jyóemrsm;\ taMumif;&if;rsm;wGif atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifonf -

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1/ usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrIukefusp&dwfonf a<u;NrDtygt0if pD;yGm;a&;jyóemrsm;jzpf&efOD;wnfaeonf/

2/ usef;rma&;jyóemrsm;onf tvkyfvkyfEdkifonfh pGrf;&nfudk [efYwm;vsuf&Sdonf/3/ usef;rma&;nHhzsif;rIonf vlukeful;cH&ol\ &Tifvef;csrf;ajrUrI todpdwfcHpm;csuftay:

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- 40 -- 40 -- 40 -- 40 -- 40 -

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- 41 -- 41 -- 41 -- 41 -- 41 -

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jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; vlukeful;cH&olrsm;pGmonfvlukeful;NyD;aemufydkif;wGif (vHkavmufaom) usef;rma&;apmifUa&SmufrI r&&dSMuyg/

jrefrmEdkifiHrS trsKd;om;wpfOD;onf vkyftm;twGufxkdif;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cHae&pOf iSufzsm;a&m*g&&dScJhonf/ olonf tdrfjyefvmNyD;aemuf aq;ukorIrcHcJh,lyJ tpydkif;wGif tvkyfrvkyfEdkifcJhay/ olYtm;awGUqHkar;jref;onfhtcsdefü olonf tvkyfvkyfaeonf/ (olESifh olYZeD;onf aps;wGif tpm;tpma&mif;csonf/) tvkyfvkyfonfh tcsdefwGif olwdkY\ aepOfvkdtyfcsufrsm;udk jznfhqnf;ay;Ekdifonf/ odkY&mwGifol\ iSufzsm;a&m*gonf jyefjyefay:vmNyD; olonf rMumcPyif tvkyfrS tem;,l&ef vdktyfcJhonf?wpfcgwpf&HwGif oltvkyfvkyfonfh aeYwpfaeYtwGuf 2 &uf tem;,l&onf/

vdifacgif;yHkjzwf&eftwGuf w½kyfEkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom AD,uferf trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onfolrudk acgif;yHkjzwfolrsm;\ &ufpufMurf;MuKwfrIudk cHcJh&NyD; tusKd;quf&v'ftaejzifh jyif;xefqdk;&Gm;aom xdcdkuf'Pf&mrsm;udk cHpm;cJh&onf/ xGufajy;&ef BudK;pm;cJhNyD;aemuf olronf ox¬Kypönf;ud&d,mrsm;jzifh qdk;&Gm;pGm ½kdufESufjcif; cHcJh&NyD; 'Pf&m'Pfcsufrsm; &&dScJhonf/ ¤if;'Pf&mrsm;onf olrtdrfjyefvmNyD;aemuf ESpfrsm;pGmMumatmifyif olr\ usef;rma&;tay: qufvufxdcdkufaeqJjzpfonf/ olronftdrfjyefvmcsdefwGif usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrIudk r&&dScJhay/ awGUqHkar;jref;onfhtcsdefü olronf olr\'Pf&m'Pfcsufrsm;aMumifh tdrftjyifbuf xGufNyD; tvkyfrvkyffffEkdifao;ay/

udpö&yf 2 ? 5 / pdwfzdpD;rI? pdk;&drfaomujzpfrI? pdwf"mwfusqif;rIESifU pdwfxdcdkuf'Pf&m &&SdrI

rvkHavmufaom pdwfydkif;qdkif&m tm;ay;rIESifh ESpfodrfhaqG;aEG;tBuHay;jcif;onf aeraumif;onfh cHpm;csufudk jzpfaponf/

rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfh b0\ aemufydkif;umvtcsdKUaom tqifhrsm;wGif aeraumif;rIcHpm;&onf[k azmfjyMuonf/ olwdkYonf pdwfzdpD;rIESifh a'goxGufrI? pdk;&drfaomua&mufrIESifh pdwf"mwfusqif;rI? BuH&mr&jzpfjcif;ESifh arQmfvifhcsufuif;rJhjcif;wdkYudkcHpm;&onf[k azmfjyMuonf/ pdwfydkif;qdkif&mt& ]aeraumif;} jcif;onf t"dutaMumif;cH (2)&yf&Sdonf/

(1)(1)(1)(1)(1) vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumif h jzpfay:aom tcuftcJrsm;/vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumif h jzpfay:aom tcuftcJrsm;/vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumif h jzpfay:aom tcuftcJrsm;/vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumif h jzpfay:aom tcuftcJrsm;/vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumif h jzpfay:aom tcuftcJrsm;/vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf vlukeful;cHae&pOf aMumufvefYzG,faumif;aom tawGUtBuHK tajrmuf

trsm;udk tumtuG,frJhpGm BuHKawGUMu&onf/ olwdkYonf rawmfrw&m; tvkyfcHBu&NyD; apmfum;aESmuf,Sufjcif; cHcJhMu&onf/ olwdkYonf tjcm;olrsm;tm; rawmfrw&m;vkyfjcif;udk rsufjrifawGU&dScJhMuonf/ olwdkYonf Murf;wrf;aom aexdkifrIESifh tvkyfvkyfudkifrI tajctaersm;udk awGUBuHKcHpm;cJhMu&onf/ olwdkYwGif vGwfvyfcGifh? odkYr[kwf? a&G;cs,fcGihfrsm; r&dSay/ usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrIponfwdkYudk&EdkifcGifhvnf; r&dSay/ xdkYtjyif olwdkYonf olwdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;ESifh &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;rsm;rS umv

- 42 -- 42 -- 42 -- 42 -- 42 -

MumjrifhpGm uGJuGmae&NyD; vlukeful;cHae&pOfrsm;aomtm;jzifh rnfonfh taxmuftyHhrQ r&&dScJhay/tusKd;quftaejzifh rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf vlukeful;cH&jcif;\ tusKd;&v'fwpfcktjzpfBuD;rm;aom pdwfzdpD;rIESifh pdwfxdcdkuf'Pf&m&rIudk cHpm;Mu&onf/ vltrsm;u pdk;&drfaomujzpfjcif;ESifhpdwf"mwfusqif;jcif;ESifh arQmfvifhcsufuif;rJhaomESifh BuH&mr&jzpfaom cHpm;csufrsm;udk azmfjyajymqdkcJhMuonf/ txl;ojzifh tav;xm;ylyef&rnfht&mrSm uav;rsm;tay:odkY vlukeful;cH&jcif;\ pdwf-vlrIa&;tusKd;oufa&mufxdcdkufrIyifjzpfonf/ uav;rsm;onf olwdkY\touft&G,f? &ifhusufrIESifhzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrItqifhaMumifh tajctaeudk udkifwG,fajz&Sif;Ekdifonfh uGsrf;usifrI t&nftcsif;rsm;onfxHk;pHtwdkif;yif zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrI enf;yg;onf/

(2)(2)(2)(2)(2) vlukeful;cH&jcif;rS emvefxl&efESif h a&SUc&D;qufoGm;&ef BudK;pm;&mwGif awGUBuHK&aomvlukeful;cH&jcif;rS emvefxl&efESif h a&SUc&D;qufoGm;&ef BudK;pm;&mwGif awGUBuHK&aomvlukeful;cH&jcif;rS emvefxl&efESif h a&SUc&D;qufoGm;&ef BudK;pm;&mwGif awGUBuHK&aomvlukeful;cH&jcif;rS emvefxl&efESif h a&SUc&D;qufoGm;&ef BudK;pm;&mwGif awGUBuHK&aomvlukeful;cH&jcif;rS emvefxl&efESif h a&SUc&D;qufoGm;&ef BudK;pm;&mwGif awGUBuHK&aomtcuftcJrsm;/tcuftcJrsm;/tcuftcJrsm;/tcuftcJrsm;/tcuftcJrsm;/

rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tzdkU vlukeful;cH&jcif;rS xGufajy;vGwfajrmufrI? odkYr[kwf?xGufajrmufrIonf csufcsif;vufiif;pdwfajzodrfhp&mwpfck r[kwfay/ olwdkYonf olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk udkifwG,fajz&Sif;ae&ao;½Hkru jyóemrsm;ESifh pdwfzdpD;rIjzpfp&mrsm;pGmudkvnf; &ifqdkifBuHKawGUae&onf/ ¤if;wdkYwGif atmufygwdkY yg0ifonf/

(u) aiGrygyJ tdrfjyef&jcif;/ a&TUajymif;oGm;vmjcif;twGufESifh odkYr[kwf tdrfodkY aiGrvTJydkYEkdifjcif;aMumifh a<u;NrDwif&Sdjcif;/

( c ) tdrfjyefvmNyD;aemuf tvkyfvufrJhjzpfjcif;ESifh odkYr[kwf tvkyf rvkyfEdkifjcif;/( * ) rdom;pktwGif; wif;rmrIrsm;/(C) rdom;pktwGif;? odkYr[kwf? &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;twGif;ü pdwfcHpm;csufydkif;t& tm;ay;

axmufcHrIr&dSjcif;/( i ) rdom;pktwGif;? odkYr[kwf? &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;twGif;ü emrnfysuftrnf;pufxif

jcif;ESifh cJGjcm;qufqHcH&jcif;/( p ) vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemuf b0udk udkifwG,fajz&Sif;&ef tultnDESifh taxmuftyHh uif;rJh

jcif;/

rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u olwdkY\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk tjcm;olrsm;ESifh a0rQEdkifjcif;ESifhtm;ay;axmufyHhrIrsm; &&dSEdkifjcif;\ ta&;BuD;ykHudk ajymjyMuonf/ ESpfodrfhaqG;aEG;rI &&dSMuolrsm;onfrMumcPyif ¤if;udk ta&;BuD;aom ulnDrIykHpHwpfcktjzpf awGU&SdMuonf/ tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u olwdkY\ jyóemrsm;udk wpfpkHwpfa,mufESifh pum;pjrnfajymqdkzdkY tcGifhtvrf;udk vdkcsifaMumif;ajymjyNyD; þtcGifhtvrf;r&Sdjcif;udk olwdkY&&Sdaom tultnDwGif [muGufwpfcktjzpf owfrSwfcJhMuonf/

]]uRefrtaeeJY raumif;wJh tawGUtBuHKawG tm;vHk;udk uRefrqDrSmyJ NrdKodyf rxm;csifbl;/uRefrtaeeJY uRefr&JU tajctaeudk em;vnfoabmaygufEkdifr,fh olwpfOD;OD;udk zGifhajym&&if pdwfoufomrIudkcHpm;&w,f/}}

tcsdKUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf pdwfydkif;qdkif&m ESpfodrfhaqG;aEG;rIESifh tm;ay;rIudk &&SdMuonf/ a'owGif;ü pdwfydkif;qdkif&m ESpfodrfhaqG;aEG;rIESifh tm;ay;rIudk aqmif&Guf&ef t&nftcsif;ESifh jynfhpkHaom avhusifhoifMum;ay;xm;onfh uRrf;usifaomtoufarG;0rf;ausmif; ynm&SiftcsdKU&SdMuonf/tcsdKUaom pDrHcsufrsm;onfuRrf;usifaom toufarG;0rf;ausmif;pdwfynm&Sif odkYr[kwfESpfodrfhaqG;aEG;ol udk,fydkif0efxrf;wpfOD; cefYtyfxm;onf/ odkY&mwGif þonfrSm pHowfrSwfcsuf r[kwf

- 43 -- 43 -- 43 -- 43 -- 43 -

yg/ a'owGif;wGif þuJhodkY tultnDykHpHudk vlukeful;cH&olrsm; tNrJwap tqifoifh r&&SdEdkifyg/pdwfydkif;qdkif&mtm;ay;rIESifh ESpfodrfhaqG;aEG;rIay;tyfjcif; udpö&yfwGif atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifonf-

1/1/1/1/1/ pdwfyd ki f;qd ki f&mtm;ay;rI? od k Yr[kwf? ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI &&S dE d ki fcGif hp dwfyd ki f;qd ki f&mtm;ay;rI? od k Yr[kwf? ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI &&S dE d ki fcGif hp dwfyd ki f;qd ki f&mtm;ay;rI? od k Yr[kwf? ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI &&S dE d ki fcGif hp dwfyd ki f;qd ki f&mtm;ay;rI? od k Yr[kwf? ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI &&S dE d ki fcGif hp dwfyd ki f;qd ki f&mtm;ay;rI? od k Yr[kwf? ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI &&S dE d ki fcGif htuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/

2/2/2/2/2/ pdwfyd kif;qdkif&mtm;ay;rIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rIwGif avhusif hoifMum;pdwfyd kif;qdkif&mtm;ay;rIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rIwGif avhusif hoifMum;pdwfyd kif;qdkif&mtm;ay;rIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rIwGif avhusif hoifMum;pdwfyd kif;qdkif&mtm;ay;rIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rIwGif avhusif hoifMum;pdwfyd kif;qdkif&mtm;ay;rIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rIwGif avhusif hoifMum;xm;aom uRrf;usifonfh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Sifrsm; tvGefenf;yg;xm;aom uRrf;usifonfh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Sifrsm; tvGefenf;yg;xm;aom uRrf;usifonfh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Sifrsm; tvGefenf;yg;xm;aom uRrf;usifonfh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Sifrsm; tvGefenf;yg;xm;aom uRrf;usifonfh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Sifrsm; tvGefenf;yg;jcif;/jcif;/jcif;/jcif;/jcif;/

3/3/3/3/3/ vlukeful;cH&ol uav;rsm;twGuf txl;jyKaom pdwfyd kif;qd kif&m tm;ay;rIvlukeful;cH&ol uav;rsm;twGuf txl;jyKaom pdwfyd kif;qd kif&m tm;ay;rIvlukeful;cH&ol uav;rsm;twGuf txl;jyKaom pdwfyd kif;qd kif&m tm;ay;rIvlukeful;cH&ol uav;rsm;twGuf txl;jyKaom pdwfyd kif;qd kif&m tm;ay;rIvlukeful;cH&ol uav;rsm;twGuf txl;jyKaom pdwfyd kif;qd kif&m tm;ay;rIr&S d jcif;/r&S d jcif;/r&S d jcif;/r&S d jcif;/r&S d jcif;/

4/4/4/4/4/ bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;? Ed ki fi H jcm;bmom pum;wpfrs d K;ESif h ESpfodrf hbmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;? Ed ki fi H jcm;bmom pum;wpfrs d K;ESif h ESpfodrf hbmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;? Ed ki fi H jcm;bmom pum;wpfrs d K;ESif h ESpfodrf hbmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;? Ed ki fi H jcm;bmom pum;wpfrs d K;ESif h ESpfodrf hbmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;? Ed ki fi H jcm;bmom pum;wpfrs d K;ESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG; tBuHay;jcif;/aqG;aEG; tBuHay;jcif;/aqG;aEG; tBuHay;jcif;/aqG;aEG; tBuHay;jcif;/aqG;aEG; tBuHay;jcif;/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf pdwfzdpD;jcif;?pdk;&drfaomujzpfjcif;? pdwf"mwfusqif;jcif;ESifU pdwfxdcdkuf'Pf&m&jcif;wdkh jzpfMuonf/

ig;zrf;pufavSwpfpD;ay:wGif tvkyfvkyf&ef jrefrmEkdifiHrS xkdif;EkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aomtrsKd;om;wpfOD;u olYtaejzifh tdrfodkYaiGwpfjym;wpfcsyfrS ygrvmEkdifonfhtwGuf oltdrfjyefa&mufonfhaemufwGif &SufrdaMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ ol\ rdwfaqGoli,fcsif;rsm;u naecsdefrsm;wGifawGUqHkaygif;oif;qufqH&ef olYtm;zdwfac:Muonf/ odkYaomf tjyifxGuf&ef olpdwfrygay/ olu]]ao;odrfrIudk cHpm;&aMumif;}} azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olonf ol\ tdrfudkqHk;½IH;cJh&NyD; a<u;NrDwif&dSaeum pD;yGm;a&;ESihf yk*¾dKvfa&;jyóemrsm;pGm &ifqdkifBuHKawGUae&aomaMumifhjzpfonf/tdrftultvkyftwGuf rav;&Sm;EkdifiHodkY vlukeful;jcif;cHcJh&aom uarÇm'D;,m; trsKd;orD;wpfOD;uolrtdrfjyefa&mufuwnf;u pdwfydkif;t&aexkdifraumif;jzpfNyD; pdwfrcsrf;romjzpfaeaMumif;? ]]pdwf0dnmOfydkif;a&m*ga0'emwpfck}} udk cHpm;ae&aMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ ¤if;u olrtm; vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemuf (5)ESpfMumonfhwdkifatmif tvkyfrvkyfEdkifatmif [efYwm;xm;onf/ ¤if;onf tvGefBuD;rm;aom pdwfzdpD;rIt&if;tjrpfwpfckjzpfonf/ olru olrtaejzifh usef;rma&;aumif;NyD; olrBudKufonfhtvkyfwpfckudk vkyfcsifaMumif;ajymjycJhonf/ t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf w½kwfEdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aomAD,uferftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;u vlukeful;cH&&mrS tdrfjyefvmNyD;aemuf pdwf'ku©a&mufjcif;ESifh pdwf"mwfusqif;jcif;udk cHpm;&aMumif;? tqifhwpfqifhü udk,fhudk,fudk,fowfao&efyif pOf;pm;BuHpnfcJhaMumif;azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ tdrftultvkyftwGuf a[mifaumifodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom AD,uferftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf a&TUajymif;oGm;vmjcif;ü ratmifjrifcJh&jcif;twGuf t&Suf&aeNyD; tdrfjyefvmNyD;aemuftdrfxJrSyif rxGufcsifawmhay/ olru olrtdrfjyefvmNyD;aemuf yxrvrsm;wGif idkNyD;&if; idkcJh&yHkESifholr rdom;pk\ tm;ay;pum;rsm;ESifh axmufcHrIwdkYrSm olrudk rulnDEdkifyJ olr\ cHpm;csufudk ydkíyifqdk;0g;apNyD; wpfenf;wpfvrf;tm;jzifh odrfi,frIudkjzpfapcJhykHudk azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/

- 44 -- 44 -- 44 -- 44 -- 44 -

udpö&yf 2 ? 6 / Oya'ESifU pDrHcefhcGJtkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf Oya'ESifh pDrHcefYcGJtkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;udk ajz&Sif;&mwGif jyóemrsm; awGUBuHK&onf/

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf qdkufa&mufEdkifiHrsm;wGifa&m jynfwGif;üyg vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemufrsm;jym;aom Oya'ESifh pDrHcefYcGJtkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;udk awGUBuHKMu&onf/ tcsdKUrSm vlukeful;cH&jcif;\ wdkuf½ d kuftusKd;qufvkyfief;rsm;jzpfonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh vlukeful;cH&pOfu ,laqmifjcif;cH&aomaysmufqkH;oGm;onfhpm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;tm; jyefvnftpm;xdk;jyKvkyf&ef vdktyfjcif;jzpfonf/ tjcm;udpö&yfrsm;? Oyrmtm;jzifh tdrfaxmifa&;uGm&Sif;jcif;ESifh uav;tkyfxdef;rI udpö&yfrsm;rSm vlukeful;cH&jcif;\ wdkuf½dkuftusKd;qufjzpf&yfrsm; r[kwfyg/odkYaomf ¤if;wdkYudk rajz&Sif;bJxm;vQif (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm;udk raumif;aom tusdK;oufa&mufrIjzpfapvdrfhrnf/ tcsdKUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGiftkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&mudpö&yfrsm;rSm vlukeful;cH&ol yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;\ udpö&yfrsm;jzpfonf/ tjcm; jzpf&yfrsm;wGif vdktyfcsufrsm;rSm rdom;pk0ifrsm; txl;ojzifh uav;rsm;ESifh qufpyfaeonf/ t"du udpö&yfrsm;wGif atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifonf -

1/1/1/1/1/ oufaocH taxmuftxm; pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;ESif h tjcm;Oya'ESif h qdkifaomoufaocH taxmuftxm; pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;ESif h tjcm;Oya'ESif h qdkifaomoufaocH taxmuftxm; pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;ESif h tjcm;Oya'ESif h qdkifaomoufaocH taxmuftxm; pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;ESif h tjcm;Oya'ESif h qdkifaomoufaocH taxmuftxm; pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;ESif h tjcm;Oya'ESif h qdkifaomrSwfyk Hwifyk Hp Hrsm;/rSwfyk Hwifyk Hp Hrsm;/rSwfyk Hwifyk Hp Hrsm;/rSwfyk Hwifyk Hp Hrsm;/rSwfyk Hwifyk Hp Hrsm;/

2/2/2/2/2/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESif h ¤if;wdk Y\ uav;rsm;\ EdkifiHom;? arG;pm&if;rSwfykHwifvlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESif h ¤if;wdk Y\ uav;rsm;\ EdkifiHom;? arG;pm&if;rSwfykHwifvlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESif h ¤if;wdk Y\ uav;rsm;\ EdkifiHom;? arG;pm&if;rSwfykHwifvlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESif h ¤if;wdk Y\ uav;rsm;\ EdkifiHom;? arG;pm&if;rSwfykHwifvlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESif h ¤if;wdk Y\ uav;rsm;\ EdkifiHom;? arG;pm&if;rSwfykHwifjcif;/jcif;/jcif;/jcif;/jcif;/

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- 45 -- 45 -- 45 -- 45 -- 45 -

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- 46 -- 46 -- 46 -- 46 -- 46 -

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- 47 -- 47 -- 47 -- 47 -- 47 -

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tcsdKUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§ifhwifa&; pDrHcsufrsm;udk aocsmpGm tpDtpOfa&;qGJNyD; pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§ifhwifa&; txl;uRrf;usifolrsm;ESifh taumiftxnfazmfcJhMuonf/þpDrHcsufrsm;onf a'oqdkif&mtvkyform;aps;uGufvdktyfcsuftaMumif; todynmA[kokw? (t&nftaoG;jrifh)toufarG;rIynmoifwef;odkY &&SdEdkifrIESifh? vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tvkyform;aps;uGufvdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh udkufnDap&ef? olwdkY\ pGrf;&nf (ESifh ,kHMunfrI)udk wnfaqmufay;&ef vlukeful;olrsm;ESifh tvkyfvkyfonfh tawGUtBuHK&Sdonfh 0efxrf;rsm;ay:wGif tajcjyKxm;onf/ þpDrHcsufrsm;onfaocsmpGm awG;ac:pOf;pm;xm;onfh vkyfief;pOfrsm;jzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm oifwef;tNyD;wGif oifwef;qif;pmar;yGJppfaq;jcif;? tvkyfoifpDrHcsufrsm;? tvkyftudkiftwGuf tqifoifhjyifqifrI pDrHcsufrsm;?pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;wpfckudk aiGaMu;rxlaxmifrD a&SUajy;uRrf;usifrIrsm;? pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;pDrHcefYcGJrIoifwef;wuf&ef urf;vSrf;jcif; ponfwdkYjzpfonf/ tcsdKUpDrHcsufrsm;onf vkyfief;cGifuRrf;usifrI t&nftcsif;rsm; (ESifh a&&SnftusdK;&v'frsm;âtmifjrifrIrsm;) udk ydkíjr§ifhwifay;onfh- pmwwfajrmufa&;oifwef;? vrf;ñTeftBuHay;jcif;ESifh b0wGufwmuGsrf;usifp&moifwef;rsm;uJhodkY -t&HtaxmuftuljyKulnDyHhydk;rIudk urf;vSrf;ay;tyfonf/ þpDrHcsufrsm;udk a&&SnfapmifhMunfhppfaq;NyD; vdktyfvQif aemufxyf

- 48 -- 48 -- 48 -- 48 -- 48 -

taxmuftyHhESifh vrf;ñTeftBuHay;jcif;udk ay;tyfonf/

aumif;rGefaom vufawGYusifUoHk;aqmif&GufrI vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onfaumif;pGm pDpOfa&;qGJxm;NyD; xda&mufaom pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§ifUwifrI

pDrHcsufrsm;udk &EkdifcGifU&dSMuonf/

uarÇm'D;,m;trsKd;om;wpfOD;u ulnDaxmufyHhrI tzGJUtpnf;onf olYtdrfodkYvmNyD; oifwef;ESifhtvkyftwGuf a&G;cs,fp&mtrsKd;rsKd;udk olYtm;urf;vSrf;cJhyHkukd azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ olonf qHyifn§yform;wpfOD;tjzpf avhusifhoifMum;&ef a&G;cs,fcJhonf/taMumif;rSm ol\ &GmwGif xdkuRrf;usifrIynmudk vkdtyfcsuf&dSaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ tzGJUtpnf;u olYudk (9)vMum toufarG;rIynmoifwef;twGufteD;em;&dSNrdKUodkY apvTwfcJhonf/ ol\ oifwef;NyD;qHk;aomtcg ol\ qHyifn§yfvkyfief;udk xlaxmif&efypönf; ud&d,mrsm; olYudk ay;tyfcJhonf/ ol&Sif;jyonfhtwdkif;qdkvQif ]]tck uRefawmf qHyifn§yform;tjzpf tvkyfvkyfaew,f/ uRefawmfhrSm wpfaeYudk azmufonf 3 a,mufavmuf&NyD; azmufonfwpfOD;udk 2,000 Riels (0.50 USD cefY) &w,f/ uRefawmf 'DqHotvkyfudk vkyf&wmBudKufw,f/ acwfay:qHyifyHkpHawG? qef;qef;jym;jym;yHkpHawGeJY toufBuD;olawGtwGuf a&S;½kd;yHkpHawGvnf; tygt0ifaygh}}olonf ol\ vkyfief;udk wdk;csJU&ef BuHpnfaeonf/ armfawmfqdkifu,fwpfpD;0,fNyD; teD;em;&dS aus;&Gmrsm;wGif ol\ 0efaqmifrIudk a&mif;cs&efjzpfonf/ uarÇm'D;,m;trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf qHyifyHkoGif;tvSjyifonfh oifwef;udk wufa&mufvsuf&Sdonf/ þoifwef;onf 1 ESpfcGJMumrnfjzpfonf/ þoifwef;NyD;qHk;onfhtcg tzGJUtpnf;onf vdktyfaom oifwef;qif;pmar;yGJwpfckjyKvkyfNyD; tu,fí olratmifjrifygu tzGJUtpnf;u olrtm; tvkyfoifwpfOD;tjzpf tvkyf&&Sd&efESifh olr\ uRrf;usifrIrsm;udk3 v MumvufawGUavhusifh&ef ulnDrnfjzpfonf/ ¤if;aemuf olrtaejzifh qHyifyHkoGif;tvSjyifqdkifwpfqdkif xlaxmif&ef ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;udk awmif;cHEdkifrnfjzpfonf/ xdkawmif;cHcsufonf olrtaejzifh jynfhrDatmif jznfhqnf;&rnfh pHowfrSwfcsufrsm; wpfpkay:wGif tajccHxm;onf/

vkyftm;twGuf jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif;ü jynfwGif;vlukeful;jcif;cH&aom trsKd;om;wpfOD;onfwd&dpämefarG;jrLa&;ESifh tao;pm;pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;wpfckudk pDrHcefYcGJa&;wGif avhusifhoifMum;cJhonf/¤if;aemuf olYudk 0ufrsm; 0,f,l&ef &efyHkaiGay;tyfcJhonf/ 6 vMumNyD;aemuf olonf 0ufwpfaumifudka&mif;csNyD; tjrwfjzifh aemufwpfaumif0,f,lcJhonf/ xdkYaemuf olonf ol\ 0ufarG;jrLa&;udkwdk;csJU&efaemufxyf tao;pm;axmufyhHaMu;wpf&yfudk vufcH&&SdcJhNyD; tao;pm;acs;aiGESifh pkaqmif;aiGtkyfpkrsm;taMumif;oifwef;udk wufa&mufcJhonf/ 0ufrsm;rS&aom tjrwfaiGrSm ol\ vdktyfcsufrsm;twGuf rvHkavmufyJ olonf Muufrsm; arG;jrLjcif;ESifh yef;rsm; pdkufysKd;jcif;jzifh aemufqHk;wGif ukefpHkqdkifwpfqdkifzGifhEdkif&eftwGuf ol\ tvkyfudk csJUxGif&ef enf;vrf;rsm; &Smvsuf&Sdonf/ 0efaqmifrIaxmufyhHolonf ol\ wdk;wufjzpfay:rIudk apmifhMunfhavhvm&ef olYxHodkY 3 vMumwdkif; vma&mufvnfywfonf/ ol\ pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;pdwful;rsm;udk rnfodkYaiGaMu;axmufyHhrnfenf;[k ar;jref;aomtcg olutao;pm;acs;aiGpDrHcsufwpfckrS aiGacs;,lrnf[k &Sif;jycJhonf/ olonfaumif;pGm vkyfudkifvsuf&SdaomaMumifh ¤if;aiGudk ulnDaxmufyhHrI tzGJUtpnf;xHrS &&Sd&ef olrarQmfvifhay/

odkY&mwGif tjcm;aom jzpf&yfrsm;wGifrl pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§ifhwifa&; BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfrIrsm;rSm aocsmpGm tpDtpOfa&;qGJaqmif&GufrI avsmhenf;aeNyD; tusdK;quftaeESifh xda&mufrI avsmhenf;

- 49 -- 49 -- 49 -- 49 -- 49 -

aeonf/ pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nf jr§ifhwifa&;onf ½IwfaxG;eufeJNyD; atmufwGif pm&if;jyKpk aqG;aEG;xm;aom pdefac:csufrsm;pGm yg0ifywfoufaeonf/ þpdefac:csufrsm;xJrS wpfckcsif;pDonfvlyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;pD\ atmifjrifrI? odkYr[kwf ½IH;edrfhrIudk wdkuf½dkufowif;ay;ydkYEdkifonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ p D ;y Gm;a&;p Gr f ;aqmif&nf jr §i f hwifa&;vky fie f ;wGi f toufar G ;0r f ;a Mumif ;p D ;y Gm;a&;p Gr f ;aqmif&nf jr §i f hwifa&;vky fie f ;wGi f toufar G ;0r f ;a Mumif ;p D ;y Gm;a&;p Gr f ;aqmif&nf jr §i f hwifa&;vky fie f ;wGi f toufar G ;0r f ;a Mumif ;p D ;y Gm;a&;p Gr f ;aqmif&nf jr §i f hwifa&;vky fie f ;wGi f toufar G ;0r f ;a Mumif ;p D ;y Gm;a&;p Gr f ;aqmif&nf jr §i f hwifa&;vky fie f ;wGi f toufar G ;0r f ;a Mumif ;ynm&Siftqif h uRrf;usifyd ki fEd ki faom pGrf;&nfr&S d jcif;/ynm&Siftqif h uRrf;usifyd ki fEd ki faom pGrf;&nfr&S d jcif;/ynm&Siftqif h uRrf;usifyd ki fEd ki faom pGrf;&nfr&S d jcif;/ynm&Siftqif h uRrf;usifyd ki fEd ki faom pGrf;&nfr&S d jcif;/ynm&Siftqif h uRrf;usifyd ki fEd ki faom pGrf;&nfr&S d jcif;/

2/2/2/2/2/ toufarG;rIynmoifwef;ud k r&&S dE d ki f jcif;? od k Yr[kwf? oifwef;onf pdwftoufarG;rIynmoifwef;ud k r&&S dE d ki f jcif;? od k Yr[kwf? oifwef;onf pdwftoufarG;rIynmoifwef;ud k r&&S dE d ki f jcif;? od k Yr[kwf? oifwef;onf pdwftoufarG;rIynmoifwef;ud k r&&S dE d ki f jcif;? od k Yr[kwf? oifwef;onf pdwftoufarG;rIynmoifwef;ud k r&&S dE d ki f jcif;? od k Yr[kwf? oifwef;onf pdwfauseyfzG,f uRrf;usifrItqifhud k a&mufatmif roifMum;ay;Ed kif jcif;/auseyfzG,f uRrf;usifrItqifhud k a&mufatmif roifMum;ay;Ed kif jcif;/auseyfzG,f uRrf;usifrItqifhud k a&mufatmif roifMum;ay;Ed kif jcif;/auseyfzG,f uRrf;usifrItqifhud k a&mufatmif roifMum;ay;Ed kif jcif;/auseyfzG,f uRrf;usifrItqifhud k a&mufatmif roifMum;ay;Ed kif jcif;/

3/3/3/3/3/ avhusif hoifMum;a&;ESif h tvkyftudkifa&G;cs,frIwd k YwGif tuefYtowf&S d jcif;?avhusif hoifMum;a&;ESif h tvkyftudkifa&G;cs,frIwd k YwGif tuefYtowf&S d jcif;?avhusif hoifMum;a&;ESif h tvkyftudkifa&G;cs,frIwd k YwGif tuefYtowf&S d jcif;?avhusif hoifMum;a&;ESif h tvkyftudkifa&G;cs,frIwd k YwGif tuefYtowf&S d jcif;?avhusif hoifMum;a&;ESif h tvkyftudkifa&G;cs,frIwd k YwGif tuefYtowf&S d jcif;?vlyk* ¾ d Kvf wpfOD;csif;\ pdwf0ifpm;rI? uRrf;usifrIwdk Yudk tm½ k Hpd kufrIwGif tuefYvlyk* ¾ d Kvf wpfOD;csif;\ pdwf0ifpm;rI? uRrf;usifrIwdk Yudk tm½ k Hpd kufrIwGif tuefYvlyk* ¾ d Kvf wpfOD;csif;\ pdwf0ifpm;rI? uRrf;usifrIwdk Yudk tm½ k Hpd kufrIwGif tuefYvlyk* ¾ d Kvf wpfOD;csif;\ pdwf0ifpm;rI? uRrf;usifrIwdk Yudk tm½ k Hpd kufrIwGif tuefYvlyk* ¾ d Kvf wpfOD;csif;\ pdwf0ifpm;rI? uRrf;usifrIwdk Yudk tm½ k Hpd kufrIwGif tuefYtowf&S d jcif;/towf&S d jcif;/towf&S d jcif;/towf&S d jcif;/towf&S d jcif;/

4/4/4/4/4/ pD;yGm;a&;pDrHudef;rsm;onf a'ocHpD;yGm;a&;tajctaeESif h rud kufnDjcif;/pD;yGm;a&;pDrHudef;rsm;onf a'ocHpD;yGm;a&;tajctaeESif h rud kufnDjcif;/pD;yGm;a&;pDrHudef;rsm;onf a'ocHpD;yGm;a&;tajctaeESif h rud kufnDjcif;/pD;yGm;a&;pDrHudef;rsm;onf a'ocHpD;yGm;a&;tajctaeESif h rud kufnDjcif;/pD;yGm;a&;pDrHudef;rsm;onf a'ocHpD;yGm;a&;tajctaeESif h rud kufnDjcif;/5/5/5/5/5/ pD;yGm;a&;oifwef;wuf&ef rurf;vSrf;jcif;? avsmhenf;pGm ulnDaxmufyH h jcif;?pD;yGm;a&;oifwef;wuf&ef rurf;vSrf;jcif;? avsmhenf;pGm ulnDaxmufyH h jcif;?pD;yGm;a&;oifwef;wuf&ef rurf;vSrf;jcif;? avsmhenf;pGm ulnDaxmufyH h jcif;?pD;yGm;a&;oifwef;wuf&ef rurf;vSrf;jcif;? avsmhenf;pGm ulnDaxmufyH h jcif;?pD;yGm;a&;oifwef;wuf&ef rurf;vSrf;jcif;? avsmhenf;pGm ulnDaxmufyH h jcif;?

od k Yr[kwf pdwful;nH hzsif; jcif;/od k Yr[kwf pdwful;nH hzsif; jcif;/od k Yr[kwf pdwful;nH hzsif; jcif;/od k Yr[kwf pdwful;nH hzsif; jcif;/od k Yr[kwf pdwful;nH hzsif; jcif;/6/6/6/6/6/ pD;y Gm;a&; tcGi f htvrf;rsm; uif;r J h jcif;/ Zmwd&yf& Gm vl YtzG J Utpnf;rsm;?p D;y Gm;a&; tcGi f htvrf;rsm; uif;r J h jcif;/ Zmwd&yf& Gm vl YtzG J Utpnf;rsm;?p D;y Gm;a&; tcGi f htvrf;rsm; uif;r J h jcif;/ Zmwd&yf& Gm vl YtzG J Utpnf;rsm;?p D;y Gm;a&; tcGi f htvrf;rsm; uif;r J h jcif;/ Zmwd&yf& Gm vl YtzG J Utpnf;rsm;?p D;y Gm;a&; tcGi f htvrf;rsm; uif;r J h jcif;/ Zmwd&yf& Gm vl YtzG J Utpnf;rsm;?

vl YtzG J Utpnf;topfrsm;ESif h Ed ki fiH jcm;wGif -vl YtzG J Utpnf;topfrsm;ESif h Ed ki fiH jcm;wGif -vl YtzG J Utpnf;topfrsm;ESif h Ed ki fiH jcm;wGif -vl YtzG J Utpnf;topfrsm;ESif h Ed ki fiH jcm;wGif -vl YtzG J Utpnf;topfrsm;ESif h Ed ki fiH jcm;wGif -7/7/7/7/7/ txl; vdktyfcsufrsm;&S daom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf a&G;cs,fcGif henf;yg;txl; vdktyfcsufrsm;&S daom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf a&G;cs,fcGif henf;yg;txl; vdktyfcsufrsm;&S daom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf a&G;cs,fcGif henf;yg;txl; vdktyfcsufrsm;&S daom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf a&G;cs,fcGif henf;yg;txl; vdktyfcsufrsm;&S daom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf a&G;cs,fcGif henf;yg;

jci f ;jci f ;jci f ;jci f ;jci f ;8/8/8/8/8/ vlukeful;cH&ol\ rdom;pkrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;tygt0if tjcm;tultnDvlukeful;cH&ol\ rdom;pkrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;tygt0if tjcm;tultnDvlukeful;cH&ol\ rdom;pkrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;tygt0if tjcm;tultnDvlukeful;cH&ol\ rdom;pkrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;tygt0if tjcm;tultnDvlukeful;cH&ol\ rdom;pkrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;tygt0if tjcm;tultnD

vd ktyfcsufrsm;ud k tm½ k Hp d kufrI rvk Havmufjcif;/vd ktyfcsufrsm;ud k tm½ k Hp d kufrI rvk Havmufjcif;/vd ktyfcsufrsm;ud k tm½ k Hp d kufrI rvk Havmufjcif;/vd ktyfcsufrsm;ud k tm½ k Hp d kufrI rvk Havmufjcif;/vd ktyfcsufrsm;ud k tm½ k Hp d kufrI rvk Havmufjcif;/9/9/9/9/9/ rdrd\ ud k,fyd ki fpGrf;aqmifEd ki frIud k ,k H Munfpdwfuif;rJ h jcif;/rdrd\ ud k,fyd ki fpGrf;aqmifEd ki frIud k ,k H Munfpdwfuif;rJ h jcif;/rdrd\ ud k,fyd ki fpGrf;aqmifEd ki frIud k ,k H Munfpdwfuif;rJ h jcif;/rdrd\ ud k,fyd ki fpGrf;aqmifEd ki frIud k ,k H Munfpdwfuif;rJ h jcif;/rdrd\ ud k,fyd ki fpGrf;aqmifEd ki frIud k ,k H Munfpdwfuif;rJ h jcif;/

10/10/10/10/10/ pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;wGif vufawGUusaom twm;tqD;rsm;/pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;wGif vufawGUusaom twm;tqD;rsm;/pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;wGif vufawGUusaom twm;tqD;rsm;/pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;wGif vufawGUusaom twm;tqD;rsm;/pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;wGif vufawGUusaom twm;tqD;rsm;/11/11/11/11/11/ pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;udk apmifhMunfhppfaq;rIESif h ulnDaxmufyHhpD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;udk apmifhMunfhppfaq;rIESif h ulnDaxmufyHhpD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;udk apmifhMunfhppfaq;rIESif h ulnDaxmufyHhpD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;udk apmifhMunfhppfaq;rIESif h ulnDaxmufyHhpD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifa&;udk apmifhMunfhppfaq;rIESif h ulnDaxmufyHh

r I tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/rI tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/rI tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/rI tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/rI tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufnHUzsif;pGm pDpOfa&;qGJxm;aom pD;yGm;a&;pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§ifUwifa&;pDrHcsufrsm;onf ratmifjrifrIESifU qkwf,kwfrIrsm;udk jzpfay:aponf/

AD,uferftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf a*[mpDrHcsufwpfckrSwpfqifh vufrIypönf;rsm; xkwfvkyfonfhoifwef;udk urf;vSrf;jcif;cHcJh&onf/ olronf vufrIypönf;rsm; jyKvkyfjcif;udk (3)ESpfMumatmif avhusifhoifMum;&onf/ xkdtcsdeftawmtwGif; olronf olr\ uav;rsm;ESifh uJGuGmaecJh&onf/(olr\rdbrsm;u olr r&dScsdefwGif olwdkYudk Munfh½Iapmifha&Smufxm;onf/) olronf þtcsdefwGif ao;i,faomaxmufyHhaMu;udkom vufcH&&dScJhonf/ (3)ESpfMumNyD;aemufpDrHcsufudk ydwfvkduf&onf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf vufrIypönf;rsm;onf aps;uGufr0ifaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ olronf aps;uGuf0ifEkdifaomuRrf;usifrIynm? okdYr[kwf? atmifjrifEkdifpGrf;&dSaom tvkyftudkif? odkYr[kwf? pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;twGuftcGifhtvrf;wpfckrQ r&dSyJ olr\ uav;rsm;&Sd&m tdrfodkYjyefvmcJh&onf/ jynfwefqmtvkyftwGufjynfwGif;ü vlukeful;cH&aom w½kwftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf rkefYzkwfonfh toufarG;rIynmoifwef;udkvufcH&&SdcJhonf/ odkY&mwGif olronf tvkyftudkifaumif;wpfckudk &SmazG&mwGif tcuftcJESifh BuHKawGUcJh&onf/ jyefvnfpOf;pm;MunfhNyD;aemuf olru olrtaejzifh oifwef;a&G;cs,f&mwGif ydkíaumif;rGef

- 50 -- 50 -- 50 -- 50 -- 50 -

aom vrf;ñTeftBuHÓPfay;jcif;cHcJh&vQif aumif;rnf[k qE&SdcJhaMumif;ajymjycJhonf/ uarÇm'D;,m;trsKd;om;wpfOD;onf ol\ &GmwGif bJrsm;arG;jrL&ef &efyHkaiGaxmufyHhjcif;cH&onf/ odkY&mwGif olonfbJarG;jrL&ef uRrf;usifrIESifh t&if;tjrpfrsm; r&Sday/ vtenf;i,fMumNyD;aemuf bJrsm; aoqHk;ukefMuonf/ olonf xyfrHí bJaygufuav;rsm;udk 0,f,l&ef ta<u;wifcJhonf/ xdkbJaygufuav;rsm;onfvnf; aoqHk;ukefMuonf/ tzGJUtpnf;onf ol\ trIudpöudk apmifhMunhfppfaq;rI rjyKvkyfcJhay/awGUqHkar;jref;onfh tcsdefwGif olonf tvkyfvufrJhjzpfaeNyD; ta<u;wifaeonf/

udpö&yf 2 ? 8 / w&m;Oya'qdkif&mtrIrsm;udk qufvufaqmif&Gufjcif;

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ tcGifhta&;rsm;ESifh taumif;qkH; tusdK;pD;yGm;rsm;tm; w&m;Oya'vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif tNrJwap umuG,frI ray;Edkifyg/

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- 51 -- 51 -- 51 -- 51 -- 51 -

10/10/10/10/10/ vlukeful;c H&olôufaowpfOD; jzpf&jcif;twGuf pdwfzdp D;r I ? aMumuf&G H Ur I ?vlukeful;c H&olôufaowpfOD; jzpf&jcif;twGuf pdwfzdp D;r I ? aMumuf&G H Ur I ?vlukeful;c H&olôufaowpfOD; jzpf&jcif;twGuf pdwfzdp D;r I ? aMumuf&G H Ur I ?vlukeful;c H&olôufaowpfOD; jzpf&jcif;twGuf pdwfzdp D;r I ? aMumuf&G H Ur I ?vlukeful;c H&olôufaowpfOD; jzpf&jcif;twGuf pdwfzdp D;r I ? aMumuf&G H Ur I ?pd k ;&drfylyefrI cHpm;&jcif;/pd k ;&drfylyefrI cHpm;&jcif;/pd k ;&drfylyefrI cHpm;&jcif;/pd k ;&drfylyefrI cHpm;&jcif;/pd k ;&drfylyefrI cHpm;&jcif;/

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- 52 -- 52 -- 52 -- 52 -- 52 -

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Oya'a&;&mvkyfief;pOfwGif Murf;wrf;pGm jyKrlqufqHrI

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- 53 -- 53 -- 53 -- 53 -- 53 -

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tpöa&;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom xdkif;trsKd;om;wpfOD;onf &JtzGJUESifh a'ocHulnDaxmufyHhrItzGJUtpnf;wpfck\ u,fwifjcif;cHcJh&onf/ pum;jyefwpfOD;onf bmomjyefqdk&ef t&efoifh&SdaeNyD;olonfbmjzpfaeonfqdkonfESifh ol\ trsKd;rsKd;uGJjym;aom a&G;cs,fcGifhrsm;udk em;vnfoabmaygufap&efaocsmapcJhonf/&Jrsm;ESifh ulnDaxmufyHhrItzGJUtpnf;u olYtaejzifh tdrfjyefcsifovm; (odkYr[kwf)EdkifiHtwGif;ü tvkyftudkifopfwpfck &csifovm;qdkonfudk ar;jref;cJhonf/ olonfol\tvkyf&Sifacgif;yHkjzwfoludk ray;&ao;aom vkyfcaiGrsm;twGuf w&m;pGJqdkvdkovm;qdkonfudkvnf; olYtm;ar;jref;cJhonf/ &Jrsm;ESifh ulnDaxmufyHha&;0efxrf;rsm;u þvkyfief;pOfwGif w&m;½Hk;üw&m;rIcif;onfNyD;qHk;&ef tcsdeftwefMumrnfjzpfNyD; olwdkYtaejzifh atmifjrifonfh &v'f&&Sdrnf[k tmrrcHEdkifaMumif;tygt0if rvTJra&Smifomjzpfay:vmrnfh t&mrsm;udk &Sif;jycJhonf/ odkY&mwGif tu,fí olonfawmif;qdkrIudk atmifjrifcJhvQif ray;&ao;aom vkyfcaiGrsm;twGuf epfemaMu;tjzpf aiGaMu;&&Sdvdrfhrnf[kvnf; olwdkYu &Sif;jycJhonf/ (0ifa&mufpD;eif;rIwGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&onfh vl 11 OD;uJhodkYyif) olonf þepfemaMu; awmif;qdkrIpGJcsufudk w&m;½Hk;wGif qufvufvkyfaqmif&efoabmwlcJhonf/ w&m;rIcif;udk aqmif&GufaepOftawmtwGif; tzGJUtpnf;onf olESifh ol\ vkyfazmfudkifzufrsm;udk w&m;a&;trItcif;\ tqifhtwef;taMumif;ESifh vmrnfhumvwGifjzpfvm&ef arQmfvifh&rnfht&mtaMumif;udkaemufqHk; jzpfysufonfh tajctaetm; yHkrSeftoday;cJhonf/

udpö&yf 2 ? 9 / ab;tEå&m,fuif;&Sif;rIESifU vkHNcHKrI r&Sdjcif;

ab;tEÅ&m,fuif;&Sif;rIESifh vkHNcHKrIudpö&yfrsm;onf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif twm;tqD;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ rvkHNcHKaom? BudKwifcefYrSef;í r&aom vlrIa&;ywf0ef;usifonf vlukeful;jcif;cH&NyD;aemufjyefvnfemvefxla&;ESifh (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udkjzpfap&ef taxmuftulrjyKyg/ xdkYjyifowdjyKzG,faumif;aom ta&twGuf&Sdonfhjzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&jcif; tawGUtBuHKaemufydkif;wGif tvGefppfrSefaom ab;uif;vkHNcHKa&;jyóemrsm;udk BuHKawGUMu&onf/tcsdKUolrsm;tzdkY ¤if;jyóemrsm;wGif olwdkY\ ½ kyfydkif;qdkif&mvkHNcHKa&;ESifh usef;rm&Tifvef;a&;twGuftEÅ&m,frsm; yg0ifaeonf/ þtEÅ&m,frsm;wGif olwdkYtm; vlukeful;&mwGif yg0ifywfoufolrsm;?odkYr[kwf? olwdkYudk vlukeful;ol\ udk,fpm;vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufolrsm;\ Ncdrf;ajcmufrI? odkYr[kwf? tMurf;zufrIrsm;udk tumtuG,frJhpGm BuHKawGU&jcif; tygt0ifjzpfonf/ tjcm;jzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ rdom;pk? odkYr[kwf? ydkrdkus,fjyefYaom vlYtzGJUtpnf;rS - olwdkY\ yk* ¾ dKvfa&;ywf0ef;usifwGif ab;uif;vkHNcHKrI udpö&yfrsm;udk BuHKawGUMu&onf/ tjcm;aom jzpf&yfrsm;wGifrlvlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf tMurf;zufjcif;? odkYr[kwf? Ncdrf;ajcmufjcif; rcH&aomfvnf; þodkY tMurf;zuf?Ncdrf;ajcmufcH&rnfudk aMumuf&GHUaeMuonf/ þonfrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;a&m? olwdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;twGufyg tvGefBuD;rm;aom pdwfzdpD;rIjzpfaponfh &if;jrpfwpfckjzpfonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm; cHpm;&onfh tMurf;zufrIonf olwdkY\ ½kyfydkif;qdkif&m usef;rm&Tifvef;rItay:wGif wu,fyifwdkuf½dkufjzpfíxif&Sm;pGm awGUjrifEdkifaom xdcdkufoufa&mufrIudk jzpfaponf/ þtMurf;zufrI (ESifh tMurf;zuf&ef

- 54 -- 54 -- 54 -- 54 -- 54 -

Ncdrf;ajcmufrI)ESifh 'PfcwfcH&rnfh tvm;tvmtay: aMumuf&GHUrIu pdwfydkif;qdkif&m xdcdkufoufa&mufrIvnf; &Sdaponf/ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm; &ifqdkifBuHKawGU&aom t"duus onfhab;tEÅ&m,fuif;&Sif;rIESifh vHkNcKHrItwGuf ylyefaMumifhMurIrsm;wGif atmufygwdkY yg0ifonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ ]]vlukeful;olrsm;}}u zefwD;jzpfay:apaom ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;/]]vlukeful;olrsm;}}u zefwD;jzpfay:apaom ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;/]]vlukeful;olrsm;}}u zefwD;jzpfay:apaom ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;/]]vlukeful;olrsm;}}u zefwD;jzpfay:apaom ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;/]]vlukeful;olrsm;}}u zefwD;jzpfay:apaom ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;/2/2/2/2/2/ &y f& Gmvl Ytz G J Utpnf;E Si f h a'ocHywf0e f ;usi ftwGi f ;ü tEÅ&m,frsm;E Si h f&y f& Gmvl Ytz G J Utpnf;E Si f h a'ocHywf0e f ;usi ftwGi f ;ü tEÅ&m,frsm;E Si h f&y f& Gmvl Ytz G J Utpnf;E Si f h a'ocHywf0e f ;usi ftwGi f ;ü tEÅ&m,frsm;E Si h f&y f& Gmvl Ytz G J Utpnf;E Si f h a'ocHywf0e f ;usi ftwGi f ;ü tEÅ&m,frsm;E Si h f&y f& Gmvl Ytz G J Utpnf;E Si f h a'ocHywf0e f ;usi ftwGi f ;ü tEÅ&m,frsm;E Si h f

ab;uif;vH k Nc H Kr ItwGuf ylyefaMumif h MurIrsm;/ab;uif;vH k Nc H Kr ItwGuf ylyefaMumif h MurIrsm;/ab;uif;vH k Nc H Kr ItwGuf ylyefaMumif h MurIrsm;/ab;uif;vH k Nc H Kr ItwGuf ylyefaMumif h MurIrsm;/ab;uif;vH k Nc H Kr ItwGuf ylyefaMumif h MurIrsm;/3/3/3/3/3/ rdom;pkywf0ef;usifwGif ab;uif;vk H Nc H KrI udpö&yfrsm;/rdom;pkywf0ef;usifwGif ab;uif;vk H Nc H KrI udpö&yfrsm;/rdom;pkywf0ef;usifwGif ab;uif;vk H Nc H KrI udpö&yfrsm;/rdom;pkywf0ef;usifwGif ab;uif;vk H Nc H KrI udpö&yfrsm;/rdom;pkywf0ef;usifwGif ab;uif;vk H Nc H KrI udpö&yfrsm;/4/4/4/4/4/ ab;uif;vH k NcK HrI r&d S[k cHpm;&jcif;/ab;uif;vH k NcK HrI r&d S[k cHpm;&jcif;/ab;uif;vH k NcK HrI r&d S[k cHpm;&jcif;/ab;uif;vH k NcK HrI r&d S[k cHpm;&jcif;/ab;uif;vH k NcK HrI r&d S[k cHpm;&jcif;/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; vlukeful;cH&olrsm;? rdom;pkrsm;ESifU&yf&GmvlhtzGJYtpnf;rsm;\ tEå&m,fjyKjcif;

t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf jrefrmEkdfifiHrSw½kwfEkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHchJ&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onfolr tdrfjyefvmNyD; olrudk vlukeful;ol trsKd;orD;tm; trIzGifhw&m;pJGqdkNyD;aemuf vlukeful;ol\Ncdrf;ajcmufrIudk cHcJh&onf/ vlukeful;olonf tusOf;axmifxJwGif&dSaeonfhtcsdefüyifvQif olrudkowfrnf[k qufvufNcdrf;ajcmufaecJhonf/ vlukeful;cH&olESifh olr\ cifyGef;onf tvGefaMumufvefYNyD; olrtaejzifholr\ vlukeful;cH&jcif;twGuf olrudk tjypfwifvsuf&dSaom cifyGef;zufrS aqGrsKd;rsm;ESifh tvGefwif;rmaom qufqHa&;&dSvihfupm; olr\ a,mu©rESifhtwl aexkdifzdkYa&TUajymif;&efolwdkY pOf;pm;cJhMuonf/ ]]uRefr[m tjyifxGufNyD; tvkyfawmif rvkyf&Jbl;/ bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmhvlukeful;olu uRefrudk 'ku©ay;zdkY vlqdk;tcsKdUudk cdkif;aprSmudk uRefr aMumufvdkYyJ/}} xkdif;EdkifiHwGifjynfwefqmvkyf&ef vlukeful;cHcJh&aom jrefrmEkdifiHrS trsdK;orD;wpfOD;onf olr\ cifyGef;ESifhtwl aexdkifzdkYtdrfjyefvmcJhonf/ olru olr\ cifyGef;tm; olrtaejzifh vkyftm;twGuf vlukeful;cHcJh&onf[kajymaomfvnf; olu olronf jynfwefqmvkyfcJhonf[k oHo,jzpfaeonf/ rMumrDrSmyif olonfolrudk udk,fxdvufa&mufESdyfpufn§Of;yef;rI pwifjyKvkyfcJhonf/ awmif;&rf;cdkif;ap&eftwGuf xkdif;EkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom uarÇm'D;,m;rdef;uav;wpfOD;\ zcifESifh rdcifjzpfolwdkYonf t&ufaopmoHk;pGJNyD;rl;vmaomtcg olrESihf olr\ armifESrrsm;udk ½kdufESufonf/ awGUqHkar;jref;onfh tcsdefü olronfa*[mpDrHcsufwpfckwGif ulnDjcif;cHaevsuf&dSonf/ odkYaomfolronf tdrfodkY tvnftywfoGm;aomtcgolr\ rdcifu wpfcgwpf&HwGif olrudk ½kdufESufvsuf&dSqJyifjzpfonf/ vkyftm;twGuf rav;&Sm;EkdifiHodkYvlukeful;cHcJh&onfh jrefrmEkdifiHrS trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf vlukeful;cHae&pOf a,musfm;aoqHk;oGm;ojzifhrkqdk;rjzpfNyD; olr\ uav;rsm;ESihftwl tdrfodkYjyefvmchJonf/ &yf&GmvlUtzGJUtpnf;twGif;&dSvlrsm;uolronf rav;&Sm;EkdifiHwGif jynfwefqmwpfOD;jzpfcJhaMumif;ajymqdkum olrtaMumif;udk twif;tzsif;ajymcJhMuonf/ a,mufsm;rsm;u olrudk jynfwefqmr[kac:um taESmuft,Sufay;cJhMuonf/ olrESihftdrfcsif;uyfaeolu olrtdrfodkY olvmNyD; tdyfrnf[kajymum olrudk Ncdrf;ajcmufcJhonf/

- 55 -- 55 -- 55 -- 55 -- 55 -

udpö&yf 2 ? 10 / rdom;pkrsm;ESifU tvkyfvkyfjcif;

rdom;pkESifh qufpyfonfh taMumif;t&mESifh tultnD vdktyfcsufwdkYudk todtrSwfjyK&efysufuGufjcif;onf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udk xdcdkufysufpD;aponf/

vlukeful;cH&olrsm; jyefoGm;onfh rdom;pkywf0ef;usifonf atmifjrifaom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif ta&;ygaom udef;&Sifwpfckjzpfonf/ rdom;pkvIyf&Sm;rI tiftm;rsm;ESifh qufqHa&;rsm;onf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfudk taxmuftuljzpfapovdk xdcdkufysufpD;rIvnf;jzpfaponf/ taxmuftuljyKonfh aemufcH0ef;usifwGif rdom;pkonf vlukeful;cH&ol\ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udk acsmarmap&efrsm;pGm vkyfaqmifay;Edkifonf/ rdom;pkqufqHa&;rsm; ydkrdkcufcJaeonfh tcsdefrsdK;wGif rdom;pkonf rMumcPyif (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; atmifjrifrI twGuftwm;tqD;wpf&yfjzpfaeonf/

atmifjrifaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;jzpfzdkY aocsmap&ef vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESifh ¤if;wdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;ESifh tvkyfvkyf&mwGif t"duvdktyfcsufe,fy,f (2)ck &Sdonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ rdom;pktwGif; qufqHa&;rsm;ud k ud kifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;ESif h ajyvnfatmif aphpyfrdom;pktwGif; qufqHa&;rsm;ud k ud kifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;ESif h ajyvnfatmif aphpyfrdom;pktwGif; qufqHa&;rsm;ud k ud kifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;ESif h ajyvnfatmif aphpyfrdom;pktwGif; qufqHa&;rsm;ud k ud kifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;ESif h ajyvnfatmif aphpyfrdom;pktwGif; qufqHa&;rsm;ud k ud kifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;ESif h ajyvnfatmif aphpyfjzefajzay;jcif;jzefajzay;jcif;jzefajzay;jcif;jzefajzay;jcif;jzefajzay;jcif;

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf tdrfjyefonfhtcgwGif tvGefuGJjym;jcm;em;aom rdom;pktajctaersm;udk BuHKawGUMu&onf/ tcsdKUrSm tjyKoabmaqmifNyD; tcsdKUrSm tysufoabmaqmifonf/ taumif;qkH;aom tajctaersdK;ESifh tjyKoabmtaqmifqkH;aom rdom;pkqufpyfrI tajctaersm;üyifvQifvlukeful;cH&NyD;aemufykdif;umvwGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESihf ¤if;wkdY\ rdom;pkrsm;tMum;ü oabmxm;csif; rwdkufqdkifbJ cufcJaom tcsif;csif;qufqHa&;rsm; rMumcP &Sdaewwfonf/ xkdYjyif þqufqHa&;rsm;onf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; vrf;aMumif;wpfavQmufwGif rMumcPyif (ydkíaumif;pGm?odkYr[kwf? ydkíqdk;pGm) ajymif;vJoGm;wwfonf/ wif;rmrIrsm;ESihf jyóemrsm; wnf&Sdaeaomtcg ¤if;wkdYonf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ vlukeful;cH&onhf b0rS a&SUqufoGm;EkdifNyD; olwkdY rdom;pkESihf vlYtzGJUtpnf;wGif (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;Ekdifonhf pGrf;aqmifEdkifpGrf;ukd rsm;aomtm;jzifh [efYwm;onf/ rdom;pktwGif;wGif uGJjym;jcm;em;aom wif;rmrIt&if;tjrpfrsm; &SdaeNyD; ¤if;wkdYukd pOf;pm;okH;oyf&efESihf rMumcPyif 0ifa&mufpGufzuf&ef vkdtyfonf/ ¤if;wkdYrSm pD;yGm;a&;tcuftcJaMumihfjzpf&onhf wif;rmrIESihfy#dyu©wkdYtjyif rdom;pk0iftcsif;csif;qufqHa&;wGif&Sdonhf wif;rmrIrsm;jzpfMuonf/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; pD;yGm;a&;jyóemrsm;aMumifUrdom;pktajctae0ef;usifwGif qufqHa&;wif;rmrIrsm;

vkyftm;twGuf xkdif;EkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf olr\ rdom;pkESifhtwlaexdkif&ef jrefrmEkdifiHodkY jyefvmcJhonf/ odkYaomf aiGrygbJ tdrfjyefvmjcif;onf olr\ rdom;pkwGifqufqHa&;wif;rmrI\ t&if;tjrpfwpfckjzpfonf/ olrtaejzifh tdrfwpfvHk;0,f&ef rdom;pkxHodkY aiGrydkYay;cJhonfudk a'gojzpfaeaom olr\ rdcifESifh rMumcPyif&efjzpf&aMumif; olru azmfjyajymqkdcJhonf/tdrftultvkyftwGuf AD,uferfEkdifiHrS a[mifaumifodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;u aiGrygbJtdrfjyefvm&jcif;onf olr\ cifyGef;ESifh qufqHa&; wif;rmrIrsm;ESifh y#dyu©udk jzpfapcJhyHkudk azmfjy

- 56 -- 56 -- 56 -- 56 -- 56 -

ajymqdkcJhonf/ olru olESifh qufqHa&;onf at;wdat;pufjzpfaeNyD; olr jyefvmNyD;aemufydkif;yxrESpfrsm;twGif; olonf olrudk tcsdefwdkif; em;ylem;qmvkyfaecJhaMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ olr\cifyGef;rdom;pkuvnf; olru bmrS rygbJtdrfjyefvmcJhonfhtwGuf pdwfuoduatmufjzpfaeMuonf/(ESpftcsKdUMumNyD;onfhaemuf) ,aeYwdkifyifvQif olr\ cifyGef;onf olraiGrygbJ tdrfjyefvmcJhjcif;udkwpfcgwpf&HwGif nnf;wGm;jypfwifaewwfonf/ vdifacgif;yHkjzwfrItwGuf rav;&Sm;EkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom AD,uferftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;udk olr\ rdom;pku u,fwifcJh&onf/ olwdkYu olrudk jyefvTwfay;a&;twGuf aqG;aEG;nd§EdIif;NyD; a&G;aiGay;cJh&onf/ olrtdrfjyefvmaomtcg olrudk olr\ rdom;pkwGifrnfodkYqufqHoenf;[k ar;jref;aomtcg olru olr\ tpfudkonf t&ufrl;vmNyD;vQif olrudk EIwfjzifhqJa&;wdkif;xGmaMumif;? olrudk ]]bmrS toHk;rusol}} [kac:aMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf? olr\ rdcifonf rsm;aomtm;jzifh olr tay:Muifemonf/ odkYaomf olr\ rdcifonfvnf; wpfcgwpf&HwGifa&G;aiGtaMumif; nnf;wGm;ajymqdkNyD; xdkudpötwGuf olrudk &Hzef&HcgwGif usdefqJcJhonf/

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESifU rdom;pktMum;wGif tcsif;csif;qufqHa&; wif;rmrIrsm;/

vkyftm;twGuf jrefrmEdkifiHrS xdkif;EkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;u olr\tdrftjyefonftajctaewif;rmaMumif;azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ olr\ uav;rsm;onf olrESifh qufqH&mwGif &if;ESD;rI? odkYr[kwf? oufaomifhoufomjzpfrI r&dSbJ tcsdeftwefMumonftxd qufqHa&;wif;rmrIrsm; quf&dSaecJhonf/ uav;rsm;taejzifh olrudk rdcifwpfOD;tjzpfoabmxm; qufqHvmEkdifatmif tcsdef,lcJh&onf/

t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf w½ kwfEdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom AD,uferftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;onfxGufajy;vGwfajrmufcJhNyD; AD,uferfEdkifiH&dS olr\ cifyGef;ESihf uav;(3) a,mufxH jyefvmchJonf/odkY&mwGif olrjyefvmNyD;aemuf olr\ cifyGef;ESifh olrqufqHa&;rSm qdk;0g;pGm ,dk,Gif;ysufpD;vmcJhonf/taMumif;rSm &yf&GmvlUtzGJUtpnf;&dS vlrsm;u olonf ol\ ZeD;udk aiGtwGuf a&mif;cscJhonf[k rdom;pktaMumif;udk twif;tzsif;ajymMuaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ olonf pdwf"mwfusqif;vmNyD; t&ufaopmudkrsm;pGm pwifaomufoHk;umtvkyfudk rvkyfawmhay/ olrESifh olr\ cifyGef;onf aemufqHk;ü uGm&Sif;cJhNyD; olronf olwdkY\ uav;(3)a,muftwGuf wpfOD;wnf; wm0ef,lcJh&onf/

jrefrmEdkifiHrS xkdif;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf uav;i,fwpfOD;ESifhtwltdrfjyefvmcJhonf/ olr\ rdcifu olrtaejzifh cifyGef;wpfa,mufr&dSbJ uav;wpfOD;ESifh jyefvmcJhonfhtwGuf a'gojzpfcJhaMumif; olru &Sif;jycJhonf/ wpfaeYwGif &efjzpfNyD;aemuf olr\ rdcifonf a'goxGufum olrudk ½kdufESufNyD; olr\ uav;ESifhtwl tdrfrSqif;oGm;&ef olrudk ajymqdkcJhonf/ olronfolr\ om;udk axmufyHh&ef enf;vrf;r&dSay/ odkYaomf olr\ rdcifonf olYudk olr\ tdrfwGif olrESifhtwlaexdkif&ef cGifhrjyKcJhay/ trsKd;orD;onf rwwfomyJ olr\ om;udk aqGrsKd;rsm;xH ay;cJh&onf/olru olr\ om;udk ta0;odkYay;cJh&onfhtwGuf tvGef0rf;enf;aMuuJGrIudk cHpm;&aMumif;? odkYaomfolrwGif tjcm;rnfonfh a&G;cs,fp&mrQ r&dS[k od&dScHpm;&yHkudk &Sif;jycJhonf/

- 57 -- 57 -- 57 -- 57 -- 57 -

2/2/2/2/2/ rdom;pk0ifrsm;\ tultnDvk dtyfcsufrsm;uk d jznh fqnf;ay;jcif;/rdom;pk0ifrsm;\ tultnDvk dtyfcsufrsm;uk d jznh fqnf;ay;jcif;/rdom;pk0ifrsm;\ tultnDvk dtyfcsufrsm;uk d jznh fqnf;ay;jcif;/rdom;pk0ifrsm;\ tultnDvk dtyfcsufrsm;uk d jznh fqnf;ay;jcif;/rdom;pk0ifrsm;\ tultnDvk dtyfcsufrsm;uk d jznh fqnf;ay;jcif;/tcsKdUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm; udk,fwdkif&Sif;jyouJhodkY rdom;pk0ifrsm;\ tultnD

vkdtyfcsufrsm;onf y"meusonf/]]uRefrtaeeJY (0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholawGudk) vlukeful;cH&olawGeJY olwdkY&JU rdom;pkESpfck pvHk;

udk tultnDurf;vSrf;ay;tyfzdkU owif;pum;ay;ydkYcsifygw,f/ txl;ojzifh qif;&JNyD; tonf;toefvdktyfcsuf&dSaewJh rdom;pkawGudkaygU}} (jynfwefqmtvkyftwGuf jynfwGif;ü vlukeful;cH&aomuarÇm'D;,m;rdef;uav;)

]]cifAsm;wdkYtaeeJY vlukeful;cH&olawGudk ulnDwJhtcgrSm olwdkY&JU rdom;pkawGudkyg ulnDoifhw,f/}} (tif'dkeD;&Sm;EdkifiHwGif ig;zrf;&eftwGuf vlukeful;cH&aom uarÇm'D;,m;trsKd;om;) rsm;jym;vSonhf rdom;pktultnD vkdtyfcsufrsm;udk azmfxkwfowfrSwfxm;onf/ okdYaomf OD;pm;ay;udpö&yfrsm;wGifatmufygwdkY yg0ifonf/

(u)(u)(u)(u)(u) pD;yGm;a&;tultnD (tvkyfvufrJ h jzpfrI? ta<u;wifrIESif h^ odk Yr[kwf vkyfcpD;yGm;a&;tultnD (tvkyfvufrJ h jzpfrI? ta<u;wifrIESif h^ odk Yr[kwf vkyfcpD;yGm;a&;tultnD (tvkyfvufrJ h jzpfrI? ta<u;wifrIESif h^ odk Yr[kwf vkyfcpD;yGm;a&;tultnD (tvkyfvufrJ h jzpfrI? ta<u;wifrIESif h^ odk Yr[kwf vkyfcpD;yGm;a&;tultnD (tvkyfvufrJ h jzpfrI? ta<u;wifrIESif h^ odk Yr[kwf vkyfcvpmenf;yg;rI ponfwk d YaMumih f)/vpmenf;yg;rI ponfwk d YaMumih f)/vpmenf;yg;rI ponfwk d YaMumih f)/vpmenf;yg;rI ponfwk d YaMumih f)/vpmenf;yg;rI ponfwk d YaMumih f)/

((((( ccccc ))))) usef;rma&;apmih fa&SmufrI/usef;rma&;apmih fa&SmufrI/usef;rma&;apmih fa&SmufrI/usef;rma&;apmih fa&SmufrI/usef;rma&;apmih fa&SmufrI/((((( ***** ))))) ynma&;/ynma&;/ynma&;/ynma&;/ynma&;/(C)(C)(C)(C)(C) vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumih f rdom;pk0ifrsm;tay: pdwfyk di f;qk dif&m xdck dufrI/vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumih f rdom;pk0ifrsm;tay: pdwfyk di f;qk dif&m xdck dufrI/vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumih f rdom;pk0ifrsm;tay: pdwfyk di f;qk dif&m xdck dufrI/vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumih f rdom;pk0ifrsm;tay: pdwfyk di f;qk dif&m xdck dufrI/vlukeful;cH&jcif;aMumih f rdom;pk0ifrsm;tay: pdwfyk di f;qk dif&m xdck dufrI/((((( iiiii ))))) t&ufaopmaomufpm;rIESih f rl;,pfaq;0g;tvGJ ok H;pm;rI/t&ufaopmaomufpm;rIESih f rl;,pfaq;0g;tvGJ ok H;pm;rI/t&ufaopmaomufpm;rIESih f rl;,pfaq;0g;tvGJ ok H;pm;rI/t&ufaopmaomufpm;rIESih f rl;,pfaq;0g;tvGJ ok H;pm;rI/t&ufaopmaomufpm;rIESih f rl;,pfaq;0g;tvGJ ok H;pm;rI/tcsdKUaom rdom;pkvkdtyfcsufrsm;onf tpuwnf;uyif &SdaecJhNyD; tcsKdUjzpf&yfrsm;wGif

vlukeful;cH&jcif;ukd taMumif;cHcJhonf/ þjzpf&yfrsm;wGif b0&nfwnf&ef cufcJaom tm;enf;csuf&Sdonfh rdom;pkrsm;ukd þuJhokdY BudKwifí tultnDay;jcif;onf vlukeful;cH&jcif;ukd wm;qD;aumif;wm;qD;Ekdifrnfjzpfonf/ tcsdKUaom jyóemrsm;rSm vlukeful;cH&ol\ vlukeful;cH&onhf tawGUtBuHKESihf qufpyfaeovkd þtawGUtBuHKaMumihf wkduf½kdufjzpfay:onhf jyóemrsm;jzpfonf/ þjzpf&yfrsm;wGif rdom;pk0ifrsm;onf tESpfom&tm;jzihf ]]vlukeful;jcif;\ 'kwd,om;aumifrsm;}} jzpfMuonf/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; rdom;pktzGJY0ifrsm;\ tultnDvdktyfcsufrsm;

ig;zrf;pufavSwpfpD;ay:odkY vlukeful;cH&aom trsKd;om;wpfOD;onf ol\ 9 ESpft&G,fom;tm;uifqma&m*g&dSaMumif; aq;ppfcsufazmfxkwfNyD;aom tcsdefwGif þtvkyfudkvufcHcJhonf/ ol\om;\ cJGpdwfukorIrsm;ESihf aq;0g;ukorIrsm;twGuf olacs;,lcJhaom a<u;NrDudk jyefqyf&ef olaiGvkdtyfonf/ vkyftm;twGuf jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif;ü jynfwGif;vlukeful;cHcJh&aom a,mufsm;uav;wpfOD;onf þtvkyfurf;vSrf;csufudk vufcH&ef qHk;jzwfcJhonf/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf ol\ zcifonftvkyfcGifü olYajcaxmufxdcdkuf'Pf&m&cJhNyD; vrf;ravQmufEkdif? odkYr[kwf? tvkyfrvkyfEkdifawmhíjzpfonf/ xkdYtjyif ol\ rdcifonf aeraumif;jzpfaeNyD; olr\ vnfyif;wGif tzktusdwfwpfck&Sdonf/rdom;pkonf aq;ukorIcH,l&eftwGuf aq;cef;okdYoGm;&ef aiGr&Sday/ vkyftm;twGuf vlukeful;cH&aomtrsKd;om;wpfOD;onf olYorD;\ ynma&;twGuf aiG&Sm&ef a&TUajymif;oGm;vmcJhonf/ vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemuf rnfonfh tultnDudk olvkdtyfoenf;[k ar;jref;aomtcg olu ta&;BuD;qHk;tultnDrSmolUorD;twGufynma&;yifjzpfaMumif; &Sif;jycJhonf/ ]]uRefawmfuawmh uRefawmfh&JU orD;tBuD;qHk;udkynmqufoifapcsifw,f/ uRefawmfhtaeeJY tzGJUtpnf;awGu olr&JU ynma&;udk qufoifzdkY olrtwGuf tultnDay;apvdkw,f}}/ vrf;ay:wGif aps;a&mif;&eftwGuf vlukeful;cH&aom rdef;uav;

- 58 -- 58 -- 58 -- 58 -- 58 -

wpfOD;onf t&ufaopm oHk;pGJaom rdom;pkrSvmcJhonf/ tdrfodkYjyefvmNyD;aemuf olronf olr\rdcifudk t&ufjzwfonfh pDrHcsufwpfckwGif vufcHcJh&ef tultnDudk awmif;cHcJhonf/

tcsKdUaom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ rdom;pktajctaeukd wu,fyifxnhfoGif;pOf;pm;onf/ tcsKdUaom trIudpörsm;wGif olwdkYonf rdom;pktzGJU0ifrsm;ukd tultnDay;onf/okdYr[kwf? tultnDay;rnhf tjcm;at*sifpDrsm;okdYvTJajymif;ay;onf/ jzpf&yfrsm;pGmwGif þvkyfaqmifcsufrSm (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;twGuf ta&;ygaom jznfhqnf;yHhydk;ay;onhf t&mjzpfonf/okdYr[kwf? (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ukd atmifjrifrI&Sdatmif vIHUaqmfay;onhf t&mjzpfonf/okdY&mwGif rsm;pGmaom ulnDaxmufyHha&;pDrHcsufrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ rdom;pktzGJU0ifrsm;ukdwkduf½kdufulnDaxmufyHh&ef twkdif;twmESihf t&if;tjrpfrsm; r&Sdyg/ xdkYjyifrsm;pGmaom ulnDaxmufyHha&;pDrHcsufrsm;uvnf; ¤if;wkdY\ trIudpörsm;ukd tjcm;at*sifpDrsm;? okdYr[kwf? tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;xHokdYtultnD&&ef vTJajymif;ray;yg/ vlukeful;cH&ol\ rdom;pktzGJU0ifrsm;\ tultnD vkdtyfcsufrsm;ukdxnhfoGif; rpOf;pm;jcif;onf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;atmifjrifrIudk(wpfcg wpf&Hwu,fyifcsufcsif; vufiif;ESihf wkduf½ k duf) xdckdufaponf/ tcsKdUvlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf rdom;pk0ifrsm;\vkdtyfcsufrsm;ukd rjznhfqnf;ay;EkdifaomaMumihf wzefa&TUajymif;oGm;vmvkyfukdif&ef BuHpnfMuonf/tcsKdUolrsm;rSmrl þuJhokdY rMumcPyifta&;ay:jzpfaom rdom;pktultnD vdktyfcsufrsm;aMumihftjyKoabmaqmifaom vrf;aMumif;ay:wGif a&SUqufí roGm;Ekdifatmifjzpfae&onf/

udpö&yf 2 ? 11 / trIudpöukdifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;ESiUf apmifUMunUfppfaq;jcif;

vkHavmufaom tcsdef? t&eftaxmuftuljyK taxmuftyHhESihf qufvufapmihfMunhfppfaq;jcif;wkdYonf a&&SnfwnfwHhckdifNrJaom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;twGuf vkdtyfonf/

(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;onf a&&Snfvkyfief;pOfwpf&yfjzpfonf/ a,bk,stm;jzihfa&&SnfwnfwHhckdifNrJaom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; trSefwu,fjzpfrvmrD a,bk,stm;jzihfESpfESihfcsDí tcsdefMumwwfonf/ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; vrf;aMumif;wpfavsmufwGifvnf;vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf vlukeful;cH&jcif;rS jyefvnfemvefxl&efESihf a&SUokdYqufoGm;&ef ¤if;wkdY\ BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfrIrsm;ukd xdckdufysufpD;aponhf ]]taESmuft,Sufrsm;}} ESihf ]]½IH;edrfhjcif;rsm;}} ukd rMumcPyifawGUBuHKMu&onf/ tcsKdU olwdkYrSm (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; vkyfief;pOfwGif taESmihft,Sufrsm;ESihf&ifqdkifMu&onf/ ¤if;u olwdkY\ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tysufoabmaqmifpGm xdcdkufaponfhqHk;jzwfcsufrsm; csrSwfjcif;odkY OD;wnfapcJhonf/ tcsdKUrSm olwkdYü wzefa&TUajymif;oGm;vmvkyfukdif&efrSvGJí tjcm;a&G;cs,fp&mr&Sd[k cHpm;Mu&onf/ ¤if;rSmolwkdYukd acgif;ykHjzwfjcif;ESihf jyefvnfvlukeful;jcif;cH&rnhf tEÅ&m,fokdY wGef;ykdYaeonhf tvm;tvm&Sdonf/ qufvufapmihfMunhfppfaq;onhf vkyfief;tygt0iftrI udpöukdifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm; (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfvrf;aMumif;ay:wGif awGUBuHK&onhf udpö&yfrsm;ESihf jyóemrsm;ukd BudKwifcefYrSef;&mwGifESihfajz&Sif;aqmif&Guf&mwGif atmufygenf;vrf;rsm;t& ta&;BuD;aom tcef;u@wGif yg0ifonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ (jyefvnf)0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfud k axmufulyh Hy d k ;ay;jcif;/(jyefvnf)0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfud k axmufulyh Hy d k ;ay;jcif;/(jyefvnf)0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfud k axmufulyh Hy d k ;ay;jcif;/(jyefvnf)0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfud k axmufulyh Hy d k ;ay;jcif;/(jyefvnf)0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfud k axmufulyh Hy d k ;ay;jcif;/2/2/2/2/2/ vT Jajymif;ay;rIrsm;ud k jzpfay:apjcif;/vT Jajymif;ay;rIrsm;ud k jzpfay:apjcif;/vT Jajymif;ay;rIrsm;ud k jzpfay:apjcif;/vT Jajymif;ay;rIrsm;ud k jzpfay:apjcif;/vT Jajymif;ay;rIrsm;ud k jzpfay:apjcif;/3/3/3/3/3/ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ukdyd kí aumif;pGm em;vnfoabmaygufrI&S d(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ukdyd kí aumif;pGm em;vnfoabmaygufrI&S d(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ukdyd kí aumif;pGm em;vnfoabmaygufrI&S d(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ukdyd kí aumif;pGm em;vnfoabmaygufrI&S d(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ukdyd kí aumif;pGm em;vnfoabmaygufrI&S d

ap&ef yH hy d k ; jznf hqnf;ay;jcif;/ap&ef yH hy d k ; jznf hqnf;ay;jcif;/ap&ef yH hy d k ; jznf hqnf;ay;jcif;/ap&ef yH hy d k ; jznf hqnf;ay;jcif;/ap&ef yH hy d k ; jznf hqnf;ay;jcif;/

- 59 -- 59 -- 59 -- 59 -- 59 -

a'owGif;&Sd tcsKdUaom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;? okdYr[kwf tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;onf tultnD&,lolrsm;tm; (2) ESpfrS (3)ESpftxdapmihfMunhfppfaq;onf/ trIudpörsm;tay:wGif ykHrSefvkdufvHppfaq;rIudkaqmif&GufNyD; ta&;ygpGmyif tMuyftwnf;umvrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf tultnD&&Sdaponf/ þokdYqkdaomfvnf; a&&SnftrIudpöukdifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;ESihf qufvufí tquftoG,fvkyfjcif;wkdYonf rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf pHowfrSwfcsuf r[kwfyg/ wu,fwrf;tm;jzifh olwkdYtdrfjyefa&mufonfESihf tultnDay;onhf tzGJUtpnf;rsm;? okdYr[kwf? vlrIa&;axmufyHhonhf tifpwDusL;&Sif;rsm;ESihf tquftoG,frSm tuefYtowf&SdNyD; wpfcgwpf&H vkH;0 tquftoG,fr&SdawmhaMumif;wkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;pGmu tpD&ifcHcJhMuonf/ tultnDay;jcif;onf rMumcPyif ]]wpfBudrfwnf;}}0efaqmifrIwpfck? okdYr[kwf a&wkdtultnDay;rIjzpfaeonf/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf a&&SnfapmifUMunfUppfaq;jcif;ESifUulnDaxmufyHUjcif; cHMu&onf/

vmtkdtrsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf ESpftenf;i,fMumumvwpfckwGif ulnDjcif;cHcJh&onf/ xkdtcsdeftwGif; olronf qHyifyHkoGif;jyKjyifjcif;udk avhusifhoifMum;jcif;cH&NyD; olr\qdkifudk xlaxmif&ef axmufyHhulnDjcif;cH&onf/ olronf tultnDudk qufí r&&Sdawmhay/ odkYaomf 0efaqmifrI axmufyHholonfyHkrSeftquftoG,fjyKvkyfvsuf&dSonf/ ]]uRefr[m vuf&dStcsdefrSm bmtultnDrS r&awmhbl;/ 'gayrJh(tzGJUtpnf;u) uRefrudk wpfvwpfBudrf zkef;qufNyD; uRefr tvkyftudkiftqifajy&JUvm;qdkwmudkar;jref;w,f}}/ t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf w½kwfEkdifiHokdY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom jrefrmEkdifiHrS trsKd;orD;wpfOD;tm; rnfonfh tultnDonf tultnDt&qHk;jzpfoenf;[k ar;jref;aomtcg olrESifh olr\rdom;pkxHodkY vma&mufvnfywfNyD; pHkprf;ar;jref;onfh vlrI0efxrf;rsm;\ pOfqufrjywfquf oG,frIyifjzpfaMumif;ajymjycJhonf/ olru &Sif;jycJhonf? ]]uRefr tJ'DtultnDudk tBudKufqHk;yJ/}}

udpö&yf 2 ? 12 / bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;

(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDaxmufyHh&mwGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;ukd awGUBuHKMu&onf/

tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;tultnDaxmufyHhjcif;wGifbmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;ukd awGUBuHK&onf/ bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;onf uGJjym;jcm;em;aomenf;rsm;jzihf &SdaeNyD; atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ qk dufa&mufEk difiHrsm;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;/qk dufa&mufEk difiHrsm;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;/qk dufa&mufEk difiHrsm;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;/qk dufa&mufEk difiHrsm;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;/qk dufa&mufEk difiHrsm;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;/vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ukd jynfyEkdifiHrsm;wGif tultnDay;aomtcg bmompum;twm;tqD;

rsm;onf t[efYtwm;wpfckjzpfonf/ taMumif;rSm 0efaqmifrIulnDaxmufyHholrsm;onf rsm;aomtm;jzifh pDrHcsuf tultnD&,lolrsm;ESihf bkHbmompum;wpfckjzihf ajymqkdEkdifjcif;ESihf okdYr[kwf ¤if;wkdY\bmompum;ukd ajymqkdEkdifjcif; r&SdaomaMumifhjzpfonf/

- 60 -- 60 -- 60 -- 60 -- 60 -

2/2/2/2/2/ jynfwGif;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;jynfwGif;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;jynfwGif;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;jynfwGif;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;jynfwGif;&S d bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;tcsKdUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf ¤if;wkdY\ rdciffwkdif;jynfwGif tultnDay;jcif;cH&onhf

tcsdefwGif bmompum;twm;tqD;rsm;ukd BuHKawGU&onf/ Oyrm - vlukeful;cH&olonf vlenf;pkvlrsKd;pk0ifwpfOD;jzpfNyD; vltrsm;okH;pGJonhf bmompum;ukd rajymwwfonhftcgwGifjzpfonf/

3/3/3/3/3/ bmompum; uRrf;usifrIESih f pmwwfajrmufrIwGif tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;bmompum; uRrf;usifrIESih f pmwwfajrmufrIwGif tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;bmompum; uRrf;usifrIESih f pmwwfajrmufrIwGif tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;bmompum; uRrf;usifrIESih f pmwwfajrmufrIwGif tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;bmompum; uRrf;usifrIESih f pmwwfajrmufrIwGif tuef Ytowf&S d jcif;tcsKdUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf EkdifiHjcm;wkdif;jynfwpfckü ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm

Mumatmif acgif;yHkjzwfjcif;cHae&NyD;aemuf bmompum; ajymqdkwwfrIpGrf;&nf aysmufqkH;oGm;onf/(okdYr[kwf rnfonhftcgrQ bmompum;ajymqkdrIü wkd;wufrIr&SdcJh/) þudpörSm txl;ojzihf rdrdwkdif;jynfwGif bmompum;ukd oGufvufpGm ajymqkdEkdifonfh pGrf;&nf? okdYr[kwf? tokH;csEkdif½kHavmuf&SdonhfpmwwfajrmufrIpGrf;&nfrQukdyif &&SdzkdYvkHavmufaom ynma&;? okdYr[kwf? tcGihftvrf;r&&SdcJhMuonhfvlukeful;cH&oluav;i,frsm;twGuf udpö&yfwpf&yfjzpfonf/ vlukeful;cH&jcif; tajctaewGif arG;zGm;vmonhf uav;rsm;twGufvnf; bmompum;onf twm;tqD;wpfckjzpfaeonf/ ¤if;wkdYonf EkdifiH&yfjcm;wGif arG;zGm;NyD; tcsdefumvwpfcktxd arG;jrLapmihfa&Smufjcif;cHcJh&ojzihf uav;trsm;rSm olwkdYrdcifwkdif;jynfokdY jyefMuaomtcg trsKd;om;bmompum;ukd rajymwwfawmhay/ (okdYr[kwf oGufvufpGmrajymwwfawmhay/)

vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESihf qufoG,fajymqkdifEkdifrI r&Sdjcif;onf 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHhjcif;ukdtaotcsmyif t[efYtwm;jzpfaponf/ ¤if;rSm oG,f0kdufaomtm;jzihf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm;ukd tysufoabmaqmifaom tusKd;oufa&mufrIjzpfaponf/ tcsKdUaom ulnDaxmufyHha&;pDrHcsufrsm;wGif bmomjyefqkdjcif; 0efaqmifrIukd &&SdEdkifonf/ okdY&mwGif þonfrSm a&&Snfü vufawGUusus aqmif&GufEkdifrIESihf tvSrf;a0;aeonf/ bmomjyefqkdjcif;onf; aES;auG;av;vHNyD; 0efav;ap½kHrutvGefaps;BuD;NyD; pum;jyefwpfOD;&SdrSom qufoG,fajymqkdEkdifrIjzpfEkdifonhf oabmjzpfaeonf/ tjcm;aom tajctaersm;wGif 0efaqmifrIulnD axmufyHholrsm;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ukd tjcm;vlukeful;cH&olwpfOD;twGuf bmomjyefay;&ef tm;xm;&onf/ þokdY usihfokH;rIonf cufcJaom tawGUtBuHKrsm;ukd ukdifwG,fajz&Sif;ae&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tay:wGif usL;ausmfpGufzuf&ma&mufonf/ xkdYjyiftultnD vkdtyfcsufrsm;taMumif; aqG;aEG;ajymqkdrIrsm; tm;vkH;onf a*[mtwGif;&Sd wwd,vl(vlukeful;cH&ol ]]pum;jyef}})rSwpfqihf oGm;&onhf oabmjzpfaeonf/ ¤if;rSmvQKdU0Sufxm;&efvkdtyfaomtwGif;a&;udpöESihftrnf emrvQKdU0SufrIwkdYukd csKd;azmuf&ma&mufNyD; vlukeful;cH&oltaejzihf¤if;\ vkdtyfcsufrsm;ESihf tawGUtBuHKwkdYukd zGihf[ajymqkd&ef pdwfqEukd [efYwm;cH&Ekdifonf/ bkHbmompum;wpfckjzihf ajymqkdqufqHEkdifjcif;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESihf 0efaqmifrIulnDaxmufyHholrsm;tMum;wGif ,kHMunfrIESihf rdwfaqGjzpf qufqHrI wnfaqmuf&mwGif ta&;BuD;aom taMumif;wpf&yfvnf;jzpfonf/ xkdYjyiftcsKdUaom tultnDrsm;udk bmompum;jyefqkdjcif;rS wpfqihfoihfavsmfpGmESihfxda&mufpGm ulnDaxmufyHhí r&yg/ Oyrm - ESpfodrhfaqG;aEG;tBuHay;jcif;ESihf ynmay;jcif;? oifwef;ay;jcif;wdkY jzpfonf/

- 61 -- 61 -- 61 -- 61 -- 61 -

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; vlukeful;cH&ol tcsdKYonfjynfywGif bmompum; twm;tqD;rsm;udk awGY BuHKMu&onf/

trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf vdifacgif;yHkjzwf&eftwGuf uarÇm'D;,m;EdkifiHrS xdkif;EkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&onf/ olronf a*[mwpfckwGif wpfESpfausmfMumatmifae&mcsxm;jcif; cHcJh&onf/ þtcsdeftwGif; xdkae&mwGif tvkyfvkyfaom 0efxrf;wpfOD;urQ crmpum;udk rajymqdkcJhay/ qufoG,fajymqdkrIudk crmpum;jyefwpfOD;rSwpfqifhom jyKvkyfcJh&onf/ wpfESpfMumNyD;aemuf olronf 0efxrf;rsm;ESifhqufoG,fajymqkdzdkU vHkavmufaom xkdif;pum;udk avhvmod&dScJhonf/

tcsKdY olwdkhonf olwdkh\ Zmwdwdkif;jynfwGifbmompum;twm;tqD;rsm;udk BuHKawGY Mu&onf/

jynfwefqmtvkyftwGuf rav;&Sm;EkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf olrjrefrmEdkifiHodkY jyefvmaomtcg bmompum;jyóemrsm;udk BuHKawGUcJh&onf/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomfolronf trsKd;om;bmom pum;udk rajymqdkwwfaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ olronf xkdif;pum;udk ajymqdkEkdifonf/ (taMumif;rSm olronf rav;&Sm;EkdifiHrS jynfESif'Pfay;jcif;cH&NyD;aemuf xkdif;EkdifiHwGif ulnDjcif;cHcJh&aomaMumifhjzpfonf) odkY&mwGif jrefrmEkdifiH&dS a*[m&dSrnfonfh 0efxrf;wpfOD;rQ bmompum; 2rsKd;pvHk;udk rajymqdkwwfbJ tusKd;quftm;jzifh olronf txD;usefNyD; oD;jcm;jzpfaejcif;udk cHpm;cJh&onf/ olr\ &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf; &dS ulnDaxmufyHha&;tzGJUtpnf;onfyifvQif olr\ bmompum;udk rajymqdkwwfay/ olru olwdkYtaejzifh rvTJomra&Smifom vuf[efajc[efbmompum;jzifhqufoG,fcJh&yHkudk azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ olr\ tultnD&&dSonfh tawGUtBuHKudk rnfonfht&muydkíaumif;rGefatmifvkyfaqmifay;vdrfhrnfenf;[k ar;jref;aomtcg olru tu,fí jrefrmEkdifiH&dSa*[m0efxrf;rsm;onf &Srf;bmompum;udk ajymqdkwwfygu ydkí aumif;vdrfhrnf[k &Sif;jycJhonf/

- 62 -- 62 -- 62 -- 62 -- 62 -

t"duawGY &Sdcsufrsm;? tydkif; 3(jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;tm; vkyfudkifaqmif&GufaeMuonfU vufawGYaqmif&Gufolrsm;ESifU

tmPmydkifrsm;\ tawG;tjrif? pGrf;aqmif&nfESifU tjyKtrlqdkif&mudpö&yfrsm;

txl;ojzifh b0&yfwnf&ef cufcJonfh tm;enf;aysmhnHhcsufrsm;&Sdaom tkyfpkwpfpktjzpf vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;ESifh tvkyfvkyfjcif;onf txl;jyK avhusifhoifMum;rIESifh wdk;wuf jrihfrm;onfh usihf0wfqdkif&mem;vnfodwwfrIudk vdktyfonf/

- 63 -- 63 -- 63 -- 63 -- 63 -

t"duawGY &Sdcsufrsm;/ tykdif; (3)/(jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;tm; vkyfukdifaqmif&GufaeMuonfU

vufawGYaqmif&Gufolrsm;ESifU tmPmykdifrsm;\ tawG;tjrif?pGrf;aqmif&nfESifU tjyKtrlqkdif&m udpö&yfrsm;/

udpö&yf 3 ? 1 / pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;? owfrSwfjy|mef;csufrsm;ESifU uefhowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;

tcsKdUaom pDrHcsuf pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESihf uefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;onf vlukeful;cH&ol\ukd,fykdifvkyfykdifcGihfESihf vkyfukdifEkdifonhf pGrf;&nfukd ,kwfavsmhtm;enf;aponf/

tultnDay;a&; pDrHcsufrsm;onf rsm;pGmaom pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;? jy|mef;csufrsm;ESihfuefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm; yg0ifaeMuNyD; ¤if;wkdYrSm a*[mae tultnD&,lolrsm;\ vkdtyfcsufrsm;ESihfokdYr[kwf tajctaewkdYESihf tNrJwapukdufnDrI&Sd [efrwlyg/ rnfonhf tcsdefwGif þpnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESihf jy|mef;csufrsm;onf xda&mufaompDrHcsufukd yHhydk;jznfhqnf;ay;NyD; xkdodkYjzihf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;atmifjrifrIukdjzpfapoenf;qkdonhf tcsufESihf rnfonhftcsdefwGif ¤if;wkdYonfvlukeful;cH&ol\ ukd,fykdifvkyfykdifcGihfukd ,kwfavsmhtm;enf;atmifaqmif&GufjyD; jzpfEdkifzG,f&mtaejzihfolwkdY\ vkyfukdifEkdifpGrf;&nfukd xdckdufatmifvkyfaqmifoenf;qkdonfh tcsufwkdYukdowfrSwfxlaxmif&ef *½kkwpkdufqifjcif okH;oyf&ef vkdtyfonf/ tcsKdUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESihfuefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;onf vltrsm;pkaygif;aexkdifvkyfukdifaqmif&Gufaom ae&mwpfckukd xdef;odrf;jr§ifhwifzkdYtwGufu enf;NyD; vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tay: xdef;csKyfEkdifzkdYtwGufu rsm;ae[ef&Sdonf/ ta&;BuD;aomtcsufrSm tultnD&,lolrsm;taejzihf rsm;pGmaom pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;ESihf uefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;ukdtysuf oabmaqmifpGm awGUBuHKcHpm;Mu&NyD; þonfrSm ¤if;wkdY\ vkyfukdifEkdifpGrf;&nfESihf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'fwGif wlnDpGm tusdK;oufa&mufxdckdufrI&Sdaeonf/

pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;? jy|mef;csufrsm;ESihf uefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;onf tzGJUtpnf;? pDrHcsufESihf wkdif;jynftvkdufuGJjym;rI&Sdaomfvnf; a'owpf0Srf;vkH;wGif wlnDaom udpö&yftcsKdUay:aygufvsuf&Sdonf/ ¤if;wkdYrSm -

1/1/1/1/1/ oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;rI vGwfvyfcGih f uef Yowfjcif;/oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;rI vGwfvyfcGih f uef Yowfjcif;/oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;rI vGwfvyfcGih f uef Yowfjcif;/oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;rI vGwfvyfcGih f uef Yowfjcif;/oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;rI vGwfvyfcGih f uef Yowfjcif;/rsm;pGmaom jzpf&yfwkdYwGif vlukeful;olrsm;onf ydwfxm;aom a*[mrsm;wGif aeMu&NyD; taqmuf

tODrS xGufcGmoGm;í r&yg/ a*[mrsm;onf tajccHoabmw&m;t& vlukeful;olrsm;\ vlYtzGJUtpnf;wGif (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;twGuf taxmuftuljyK&ef &nf&G,fxm;aomfvnf; ¤if;wkdY\rdom;pkESihf &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;ESihf tjyeftvSefqufqHa&;rsm;ukd [efYwm;vsuf&Sd&m þuJhodkYaomoGm;vmvIyf&Sm;rI vGwfvyfcGihfuefYowfjcif;rSm odomxif&Sm;aeonf/ ydwfxm;aom a*[menf;vrf;\t*Fgvu©Pm&yfwpfckjzpfaom rdom;pkESihf vlYtzGJUtpnf;rS cGJcGmxm;jcif;onf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ukd tvHk;pHk,kwfavsmhtm;enf;aponf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u wu,fwrf;tm;jzihf a*[mrsm;wGifydwfavSmifcHxm;&onhf &v'ftjzpf pdwfzdpD;rI? pdwfysufrIESihf pkd;&drfaomujzpfrIwkdYukd cHpm;&aMumif;xkwfazmfajymMum;Muonf/

- 64 -- 64 -- 64 -- 64 -- 64 -

2/2/2/2/2/ yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;tquftoG,frsm;tay: uef YowfcsKyfcs,fjcif;ESih f xdef;csKyf jcif;/yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;tquftoG,frsm;tay: uef YowfcsKyfcs,fjcif;ESih f xdef;csKyf jcif;/yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;tquftoG,frsm;tay: uef YowfcsKyfcs,fjcif;ESih f xdef;csKyf jcif;/yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;tquftoG,frsm;tay: uef YowfcsKyfcs,fjcif;ESih f xdef;csKyf jcif;/yk* ¾ d Kvfa&;tquftoG,frsm;tay: uef YowfcsKyfcs,fjcif;ESih f xdef;csKyf jcif;/vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf jynfwGif;rSma&m? jynfyü yga*[mrsm;wGif &SdaepOf rdom;pk0ifrsm;

ESifh rsm;aomtm;jzifhf tvGefuefYowfxm;aom qufoG,frIom &&SdMuonf/ rl&if;EdkifiHtwGif;üyifvQiftdrfrSvma&mufawGUqkHrIrsm;onf rsm;aomtm;jzihf ykHrSefr&SdbJ rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;rSm{nhfonfrsm;ukd vufcHrawGUqkHEdkifMuyg/ (okdYr[kwf uefYowfxm;aom awGUqkHrIrsm;om &dSonf/)

ckdifrmtm;aumif;í tjyKoabmaqmifaom rdom;pkqufqHa&;rsm;onf rsm;aomtm;jzifhatmifjrifaom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;\ tajccHtkwfjrpfjzpfonfudk pOf;pm;MunfhvQif tcsKdUaompDrHcsufrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm; a*[mrsm;wGif aexkdifpOf olwkdY\ rdom;pkrsm;ESihf ydkítjyKoabmaqmifaom qufqHa&;ukd tm;ay;jr§ihfwif&eftwGuf tenf;i,frQaom &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIomjyKvkyfjcif;rSmodomxif&Sm;aeonf/ rdom;pkESihf qufoG,frIuif;rJhjcif;onf todomtxif&Sm;qkH;jzpfaumif;jzpfEkdifonf/ vlukeful;cH&oluav;i,frsm;\ jzpf&yfwGif pdwfysuftm;avsmhp&m tvm;tvm&Sdonf/þuav;i,frsm;\ ¤if;wkdY\ rdom;pkESihf qufqHa&;onf olwkdY\ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;jzpfpOfwGif tcsuftjcmjzpfvdrfhrnf/ (okdYr[kwf? jzpfoihfonf)/ qufoG,fajymqkdrIukd cGihfjyKaomtcgwGifrsm;aomtm;jzifh vkH;0xdef;csKyfxm;onf/ Oyrm- a*[mwkdYü rkdbkdif;zkef;rsm;tm; odrf;qnf;jcif;ESihfw,fvDzkef;tokH;jyKrIukd uefYowfjcif; (okdYr[kwf? apmihfMunhfppfaq;jcif;) wkdYjzpfonf/ &if;ESD;aomqufqHa&;rsm;ukdvnf; xdef;csKyfxm;onf/ Oyrm- tultnD&,laepOf oli,fcsif;rsm;? okdYr[kwf?a,musfm;av;rdwfaqGrsm;^rdef;uav;rdwfaqGrsm;ESihf qufoG,frIukd uefYowfxm;onf/

3/3/3/3/3/ aeYpOfvkyfief;tpDtpOfESi h fz G J Upnf;yk HaeYpOfvkyfief;tpDtpOfESi h fz G J Upnf;yk HaeYpOfvkyfief;tpDtpOfESi h fz G J Upnf;yk HaeYpOfvkyfief;tpDtpOfESi h fz G J Upnf;yk HaeYpOfvkyfief;tpDtpOfESi h fz G J Upnf;yk HtcsKdUaom a*[mrsm;wGif tvGefpepfwuszGJUpnf;xm;aom tcsdefZ,m;ESihf vkyfief;tpDtpOf

rsm;&SdMuonf/ þonfrSm vlBuD;rsm;twGufa&m? uav;rsm;twGufygjzpfonf/ rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u tvGefwif;Muyfaom tpDtpOfrsm;ESihf ywfoufNyD; pdwfysufrIESihf pdwfroufomrIukd azmfjyMuonf/ tcsKdUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u tultnDay;jcif; cHae&pOfuxuf vlukeful;jcif; cHae&pOfuolwkdY\ aeYpOfb0wGif ykdí vGwfvyfrIukd cHpm;&aMumif; ajymjyMuonf/

4/4/4/4/4/ pnf;urf;xdef;odrf; jcif;ESih f ta&;,ltjypfay;jcif;uk d usih fok H; jcif;pnf;urf;xdef;odrf; jcif;ESih f ta&;,ltjypfay;jcif;uk d usih fok H; jcif;pnf;urf;xdef;odrf; jcif;ESih f ta&;,ltjypfay;jcif;uk d usih fok H; jcif;pnf;urf;xdef;odrf; jcif;ESih f ta&;,ltjypfay;jcif;uk d usih fok H; jcif;pnf;urf;xdef;odrf; jcif;ESih f ta&;,ltjypfay;jcif;uk d usih fok H; jcif;vlukeful;cH&olrsm;(vlBuD;rsm;ESifh uav;rsm; ESpfrsdK;pvHk;)onf olwkdY pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ukd

csKd;azmufaomtcg? okdYr[kwf? a*[m0efxrf;rsm; oabmusonhf enf;vrf;rsm;twkdif; rjyKrlonhftcgpnf;urf;xdef;odrf;jcif;ESihf ta&;,ltjypfay;jcif;cHMu&onf/vlukeful;cH&oltcsdKUonf olwkdY jyKvkyfonhftrSm;rsm;twGuf? okdYr[kwf? r&,foihfonhf tcsdefwGif&,fjcif; uJhokdYaom ]]pnf;rsOf;csdK;azmufrIrsm;}}twGufyifvQif qlyljcif;ESihf jypfwifBudrf;armif;jcif;cHMu&onf/ tjcm;aomjzpf&yfrsm;wGif tdrfomrsm;?okdYr[kwf? 0efxrf;½kH;cef;rsm;tm; oefY&Sif;a&;vkyfckdif;jcif; tygt0if ykdí wuf<uvIyf&Sm;rI&Sdaom tjypfay;jcif; ykHpHrsm;ukd tokH;jyKMuonf/ tcsKdUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf olwkdY\ jyefvnfemvefxla&;ESihf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ESihf tenf;i,fomoufqkdifaom? okdYr[kwf? a*[m\ tjyKoabmaqmifaom vkyfaqmifrIrsm;ESihf tenf;i,fom oufqkdifaom tvkyfwm0efrsm;ukd vkyfukdifMu&onf/

(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;pDrHcsufrsm;wGif &Sdaeaom pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESihf uefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;ukd *½kpkdufí qifjcifokH;oyf&efESihf (ykHrSef) wefzkd;jzwf&ef vkdtyfonf/ þpnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESihf uefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;onf tusdK;cHpm;cGifh&,lolrsm;\ jyefvnfemvefxla&;ESihf (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ukd wkd;wufjzpfay:ap&mwGif tvkH;pkHtusKd;oufa&mufrItay:rnfuJhokdY xdckduf

- 65 -- 65 -- 65 -- 65 -- 65 -

apoenf;[lonfh tcsuftygt0ifjzpfonf/ tcsKdUaom vkyfief;pOfrsm;onf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ukd taxmuftuljyKrIenf;NyD; pDrHtkyfcsKyfa&; vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;ESihf nDñGwfrIukd ykdíOD;pm;ay;xm;[ef&Sdaomtcg pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;? owfrSwfjy|mef;csufrsm;ESihf uefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;ukda0zefwefzkd;jzwfonhf enf;vrf;onf ta&;ygonf/ tjcm; pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESihf uefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;onf tenf;qkH;tm;jzihf wpfpdwfwpfykdif;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;rIukd xdef;csKyf&ef csrSwfxm;[ef&Sdonf/ (wpfenf;qkd&vQif ydwfxm;aom a*[mrsm;jzpfonf/) tb,faMumihfqkdaomfvlukeful;cH&olrsm;u a*[mrsm;rS xGufoGm;ygu 0efaqmifrI axmufyHholrsm;taejzihf olwkdY\ toufarG;0rf;ausmif; tvkyftukdifukd *,uf½kdufxdckdufrnfukd aMumuf&GHUjcif;aMumihfjzpfonf/ tjcm;aomjzpf&yfrsm;wGifvnf; pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESihf uefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tay:xdef;csKyf&ef tm;xkwfBudK;yrf;rIESihf olwkdYukd ]]jyefvnfxlaxmifay;jcif;}} [k apm'uwufzG,f&Sdonf/pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESihf owfrSwfjy|mef;csufrsm;ukd a*[mrefae*smESihf 0efxrf;wkdYu a*[mwGif aexkdifolrsm;xHrS owif;ykdYajymqkdcsufrsm;ukd &,lNyD; ykHrSefwefzkd;jzwfoihfonf/ pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESihf owfrSwfjy|mef;csufrsm;ukd vlukeful;olrsm;\ (jyefvnf)emvefxla&;twGuf tenf;qkH;pHowfrSwfcsuftay:wGif EkdifiH\ trsKd;om;Oya'ESihf vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;ESihf nDñGwfpGmyif zGJUpnf;xlaxmifoihfonf/ tusdK;cHpm;cGifh&,l olwkdYonf rnfonfh pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;ESihf uefYowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm; rqkdzGJUpnf; xlaxmifrIESihfjyKjyifajymif;vJrIwGif yg0ifywfoufoihfonf/ ¤if;wkdYonf olwkdYtay: rnfuJhokdY oufa&mufrI&Sdonf(tysufoabmjzpfap? tjyKoabmjzpfap) ukd xkwfazmfajymqkdEkdif&rnf jzpfonf/þavhvmcsuftwGufawGUqkHar;jref;onfh olrsm;tMum;wGif þtcGihftvrf;rSm ay:vGifxif&Sm;rI r&Sdyg/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; a*[mpDrHcsufrsm;pGmwGif&Sdaom pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESifUuefhowfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;ESifU ywfoufí pdwfroufromjzpfrI

jrefrmEkdifiHrS xdkif;EkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf olr tdrfjyefta&mufwGifjrefrmEkdifiH&Sd a*[mwpfckwGif ulnDjcif;cHcJh&onf/ olru a*[mwGif aexkdifolrsm; vdkufem&ef vdktyfaomrsm;pGmaom pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm; tygt0if a*[mü&Sdaom jyóemrsm;udk azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ olrutcsKdUaom uefYowfcsKwfcs,frIrsm;onf jyóemrsm;NyD; rvdktyfaMumif;azmfjy ajymqdkcJhonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifhrD;zdkacsmifwGif us,favmifpGm &,fjcif;twGuf tqlcH&jcif;jzpfonf/ olru ]]uRefrwdkYudk em;vnfrIr&Sdbl;}} [k olr odjrifcHpm;&onfh 0efxrf;rsm;\ qlylBudrf;armif;jcif;udkcH&aMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf w½kwfEdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf olr jrefrmEkdifiHodkYjyefvmNyD;aemuf a*[mwpfckwGif ulnDjcif;cHcJh&onf/ olru a*[mwGif raysmf&TifcJhaMumif;azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf a*[mwGif aexdkifolrsm;udk a*[mxJü 24 em&DywfvHk; aomhcwfydwfavSmifxm;aomaMumifhonf/ olrtaejzifh bmaMumifh þodkYvkyf&ef vdktyfonfudk em;rvnfay/t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf w½kwfEkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom rdef;uav;wpfOD;onf jrefrmEkdifiHodkY olrjyefta&mufwGif a*[mpDrHcsufwpfckü ulnDjcif;cHcJh&onf/ olru a*[mü 0efxrf;rsm;twGuf olwdkYudkeif;ESdyfay;&jcif;ESifh olwdkY\ ½Hk;cef;udk oefY&Sif;a&;vkyfay;&jcif;uJhodkYaom tvkyfrsm;udk rvTJra&Smifomvkyfay;cJh&aMumif; azmfjyajymqkdcJhonf/ olr (ESifh xdkae&mwGif aexdkifaom tjcm;olrsm;)udk þonfrSmolwdkYtwGuf ]]avhusifhay;jcif;}} jzpfonf[kajymqdkcJhNyD; tu,fí olwdkYaumif;pGm rvkyfygu olwdkYudktdrfjyefcGifh rjyKacs/

- 66 -- 66 -- 66 -- 66 -- 66 -

udpö&yf 3 ? 2 / ulnDapmifUa&SmufrI t&nftaoG;

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tcsKdUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u t&nftaoG;jrihfrm;aom 0efaqmifrIrsm;&&dSNyD;jrihfrm;aom uRrf;usifrIESihf t&nftcsif;jynhf0onf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; ynm&Sifrsm;\ulnDjcif;cH&aMumif; azmfjyMuonf/ þonfrSm qkdufa&mufEkdifiHwGifa&m? rl&if;EkdifiHwGif yg&&SdcJhMuaomtultnDykHpHtrsKd;rsKd;twGuf rSefuefaom udpöjzpfonf/

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1/1/1/1/1/ 0efaqmifrIulnDaxmufyH holrsm;\ ynm&Siftqif hp Grf;aqmif&nf0efaqmifrIulnDaxmufyH holrsm;\ ynm&Siftqif hp Grf;aqmif&nf0efaqmifrIulnDaxmufyH holrsm;\ ynm&Siftqif hp Grf;aqmif&nf0efaqmifrIulnDaxmufyH holrsm;\ ynm&Siftqif hp Grf;aqmif&nf0efaqmifrIulnDaxmufyH holrsm;\ ynm&Siftqif hp Grf;aqmif&nftcsKdUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif nHhzsif;aom ulnDapmihfa&SmufrI t&nftaoG;onf (jyefvnf)

0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; 0efaqmifrIrsm;ay;&ef urf;vSrf;onhf 0efaqmifrIulnDaxmufyHholrsm;\ pGrf;aqmif&nfESihf qufpyfaeNyD; wpfcgwpf&HuefYowfxm;onf/ tcsKdUaom 0efaqmifrI ulnDaxmufyHholrsm;onfvlukeful;rIwGif rnfonhftcsufrsm; yg0ifonfukd ckdifrmpGm em;vnfoabmaygufrI&Sd[ef rwlyg/ykdíynmA[kokwESihf tawGUtBuHK&Sdaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ynm&Sifrsm; tMum;rSmyifvQifolwkdY\ ynma&;aemufcHESihf ynm&SifpGrf;aqmif&nfwkdYwGif uGm[csufrsm;&SdaeMuonf/

a'owpf0Srf;vkH;wGif toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Siftqihf avhusifhoifMum;xm;aom vlrI0efxrf;rsm;ESihf pdwfynm&Sifrsm; vkHavmufpGm jznhfqnf;EkdifrI r&Sdyg/(rsm;aomtm;jzifh avhusihfoifMum;xm;rIr&Sdaom) apwemh0efxrf;rsm;ukd aygaygrsm;rsm; tokH;jyKjcif;onf t&nftaoG;jrihfrm;aom ynm&Siftqihf apmihfa&SmufrIaxmufyHhjcif;ukd xdckdufaponf/ tjyKtrlqkdif&m usihf0wfpnf;urf;rsm;? okdYr[kwf?usihf0wf? Oya'qkdif&mtajccHpnf;urf;rsm;vnf; &SdykH r&yg/ ynm&Siftqihf apmihfMunhfppfaq;jcif;ESihfwm0efcHjcif;pepfrsm;vnf; &SdykH r&yg/

- 67 -- 67 -- 67 -- 67 -- 67 -

2/2/2/2/2/ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; taxmuftyHhESih f 0efaqmifrIrsm;\ t&nftaoG;/(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; taxmuftyHhESih f 0efaqmifrIrsm;\ t&nftaoG;/(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; taxmuftyHhESih f 0efaqmifrIrsm;\ t&nftaoG;/(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; taxmuftyHhESih f 0efaqmifrIrsm;\ t&nftaoG;/(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; taxmuftyHhESih f 0efaqmifrIrsm;\ t&nftaoG;/ wkefYjyefajzMum;olwkdYu nHhzsif;aom t&nftaoG;rsKd;&Sdonhf tultnDukd vufcH&&SdaMumif;azmfjyMuonf/ þavhvmawGU&Sdcsufudk a'owpf0Srf;vkH;wGif awGU&Sd&aomfvnf; EkdifiHESihf tzGJUtpnf;tvkduf uGJjym;rI&Sdonf/ tcsdKUaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf nHhzsif;aom aexkdifrI tajctaersKd;&Sdonhf tqihfrrDaom a*[mrsm;wGif ae&mcsxm;jcif;cH&onf/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh þa*[mrsm;wGiftajccHtusqkH; vkdtyfcsufrsm;ukdyif vkHavmufpGm axmufyHhjcif; r&SdbJ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u ¤if;wkdYaexkdifpOftwGif; rnfonhf 0efaqmifrIrQ r&&SdcJhaMumif; tpD&ifcHMuonf/ t&nftaoG;nHhzsif;aom0efaqmifrIrsm;taMumif; tpD&ifcHrIrsm;onf a*[mpDrHcsufrsm;twGufom oD;oefYjzpfaeonf r[kwfbJ¤if;rSm 0efaqmifrIe,fy,f tjynhftpkHwpfcGifvkH;wGif&Sdaeaom ydkíus,fjyefYonfh udpö&yfwpfckjzpfonfudkoufaojyaeonf/

(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; 0efaqmifrIrsm;onf ulnDapmihfa&SmufrI tedrfhqkH;tqihfpHowfrSwfcsufukd pGJNrJpGm vkdufemapmihfxdef;&ef vkdtyfonf/ okdYaomf a'owGif;ü þuJhokdYaompHowfrSwfcsufrsm;rSm a,bk,stm;jzihf uif;rJhvsuf&Sdonf/ EkdifiHrsm; wpfckcsif;twGif; 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHhjcif;wGif us,fjyefYaom uGJjym;jcm;em;rI (Oyrm- a'otvkduf? tzGJUtpnf;tvkduf) &Sdaejcif;upHowfrSwfcsufrsm;&Sdaom ae&mrsm;wGifyifvQif ¤if;wkdYukd tjynhft0 (odkYr[kwf? nDrQpGm) taumiftxnfazmfaqmifrI r&SdaMumif;xif&Sm;onhf taxmuftxm;yifjzpfonf/ apwemh0efxrf;rsm; (ESihf pum;jyefrsm;? '½ k difbmrsm;ESihf pDrHcefYcGJa&;0efxrf;rsm; uJhokdYaom taxmuftuljyK0efxrf;rsm;) tygt0ifvlukeful;cH&olrsm;ESihf wkduf½kduftvkyfvkyfvsuf&Sdaom tm;vkH;aom vufawGUvkyfukdifaqmif&Gufaeolrsm;twGuf ynm&SiftqihfulnDapmihfa&SmufrI pHowfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihf tjyKtrlqkdif&m usihf0wfpnf;urf;rsm; &Sd&efvnf; vkdtyfonf/

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t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf w½kwfEdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom trsdK;orD;wpfOD;onf jrefrmEdkifiHodkY olr jyefvmNyD;aemuf uGJjym;aoma*[m 2 ckwGif ulnDjcif;cHcJh&onf/ olronf xdkae&mwGif wpfveD;yg;rQ &SdaecJhaomfvnf; xdkae&mwGif &SdaepOf rnfonfh 0efaqmifrIrQ r&&SdcJhacs/ olr ajymonfhtwkdif;qdk&vQif ]]tJh'Dae&mrSm uRefr bmrS vkyfp&mr&Sdbl;}} vkyftm;twGuf tpöa&;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom xdkif;trsdK;om;wpfOD;onf jynfyü &SdaepOfaq;ukoapmifha&SmufrIudk vufcH&&SdcJhonf/ odkYaomfol\ usef;rma&;jyóemrsm;udk rajz&Sif;EdkifcJhacs/ olonf EdkifiHjcm;om;wpfOD;jzpfonfhtwGuf ol\a&m*gudk uko&efvdktyfonfh aq;0g;ukorIudk r&&SdEdkifcJhaMumif; olu ajymqdkcJhonf/ jynfhwefqmtvkyftwGufjynfwGif;ü vlukeful;jcif;cHcJh&aom w½kwftrsdK;orD;wpfOD;onf ESpfodrfhaqG;aEG;tBuHay;jcif;udk &&SdEdkifaom a*[mpDrHcsuffwpfckwGif ulnDjcif;cHcJh&onf/ odkY&mwGif ESpfodrfhaqG;aEG;tBuHay;jcif;udk ynm&SiftqifhavhusifhoifMum;rI? odkYr[kwf? tawGUtBuHKr&Sdonfh apwemh0efxrf;rsm;jzifhjyKvkyfcJhNyD; olrtaejzifh þESpfodrfhaqG;aEG;tBuHay;onfh pnf;a0;yGJrsm;udk aMumuf&GHUaMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ t"r®vufxyf&ef w½kwfEdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom jrefrmEdkifiHrS trsdK;orD;wpfOD;onfolr jyefta&mufwGif (olr\ w&kwf ]]vifa,mufsm;}}rS arG;zGm;cJhaom) olr\ om;udk rSwfyHkwif&eftultnD awmif;cHcJhonf/ ulnDaxmufyHha&;tzGJUtpnf;u olwdkYtaejzifh þudpöudk rnfodkY vkyf&rnfudk

- 68 -- 68 -- 68 -- 68 -- 68 -

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vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf a,bk,stm;jzifh0efxrf;rsm;\ aumif;rGefpGm jyKpkqufqHjcif;cHMu&onf/ wkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;u tultnDay;a&;0efxrf;rsm;\ tvGeftqifhjrifhaom apmifha&SmufrIESifh em;vnfpmemrIwdkYudk &&Sdonfh jzpf&yfrsm;pGmudk tpD&ifcHMuonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;pGmtwGuf olwdkYvufcH&&Sdonfh tultnDonf olwdkY\ jyefvnfemvefxla&;ESifh (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGifvdktyfNyD;ta&;ygonfh tpdwftydkif;wpf&yfjzpfonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;pGmonf 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholrsm;xHrS em;vnfodwwfí oifhavsmfaom jyKrlqufqHrIudk &&SdaMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhMuonf/

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]](tzGJUtpnf;&JU)tultnD[m odyfudk toHk;0ifw,f/ uRefr[m wpfESpfMumatmifulnDjcif;cHcJh&w,f/ 'DtzGJUtpnf;&JU t&m&Sd0efxrf;awG[m &if;ESD;azmfa&GNyD; aysmfwwfMuw,f}} (jynfwGif;üa*[mwpfckwGif ulnDjcif;cH&aom rdef;uav;)

odkY&mwGif vlukeful;cH&ol tcsdKUurll ulnDjcif;cHae&pOf tjyKoabmaqmifaom tawGUtBuHKrsm; tvGefavsmhenf;pGm awGUBuHKcJh&aMumif; tpD&ifcHMuonf/ ¤if;wdkYwGif tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;ü vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&; toufarG;0rf;ausmif;0efxrf;rsm;ESifh 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholrsm;bufrS xdcdkufepfemapaom tjyKtrlrsm;ESifh pdwfaeoabmxm;rsm; yg0ifonf/ tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;wGif cGJjcm;qufqHjcif;ESifh ½dkif;ysaom tjyKtrlrsm; yg0ifywfoufonf/ tjcm;jzpf&yfrsm;wGif EIwfrSMurf;wrf;pGm ajymqdkjcif;ESifh½kyfydkif; ESdufpufn§Of;yef;jcif;wdkY cHMu&onf/

1/1/1/1/1/ cG J jcm;qufqHjcif;ESi f h ud k,fcsif;pmempdwfuif;rJ h jcif;cG J jcm;qufqHjcif;ESi f h ud k,fcsif;pmempdwfuif;rJ h jcif;cG J jcm;qufqHjcif;ESi f h ud k,fcsif;pmempdwfuif;rJ h jcif;cG J jcm;qufqHjcif;ESi f h ud k,fcsif;pmempdwfuif;rJ h jcif;cG J jcm;qufqHjcif;ESi f h ud k,fcsif;pmempdwfuif;rJ h jcif;vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u tultnDay;a&;0efxrf;rsm;\ cGJjcm;qufqHjcif;ESifh udk,fcsif;pmem

pdwfuif;rJhjcif; jzpf&yfrsm;udk tpD&ifcHMuonf/ tcsdKUu 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholrsm;onf olwdkYtm; cGJjcm;qufqHaeNyD; olwdkYudk ]]rdef;rqdk;av;rsm;}} ESifh ]]jynfhwefqmrsm;}} tjzpf txiftjrifao;aeonf[kcHpm;Mu&onf/ tjcm;olrsm;url olwdkYtm; ]]om;aumifrsm;}} [k tac:cH&NyD; tusdK;quftm;jzifh

- 69 -- 69 -- 69 -- 69 -- 69 -

raumif;jrifum qufqHjcif;cH&aMumif; ajymjyMuonf/ vlukeful;cH&ol tcsdKUu olwdkY odjrifcHpm;rdonfrSm 0efxrf;rsm;\ rnDrQaom qufqHa&;yifjzpfaMumif;? tcsdKUtusdK;cHpm;cGifh&,l olwdkYrSm ydkíaumif;aomqufqHrIESifh axmufyHhrIudk &&SdaMumif;azmfjyMuonf/ tjcm;aom b0&yfwnf&ef cufcJol vltkyfpkrsm;ESifhtwlwuG ulnDjcif;cHMu&aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u olwdkYtm; vlukeful;cH&ol r[kwfonfh tusdK;cHpm;cGifh&,lolrsm;xuf ydkí nHhzsif;pGm qufqHjcif;cH&aMumif; tpD&ifcHMuonf/

]]0efxrf;tcsKdUu uRefrtay: aumif;w,f/ uRefrudk *½ kpdkufw,f/ nifomwJh pum;vHk;toHk;tEIef;awG oHk;w,f/ aumif;rGefwJh vrf;aMumif;udk avQmufvSrf;zkdY uRefrudk tBuHay;w,f/ 'gayr,fhtcsKdU0efxrf;awGuawmh uRefrudk rMunfjzLbl;/ (uRefrudk pum;ajymwJhtcg) olwdkYu Murf;wrf;wJhpum;vHk;awG oHk;w,f/}}

]]pcef;rSm uRefr[m tcsuftjyKwfeJY tcsKyftvkyfvdk ynmtcsKdUudk avhvmoif,lcJhw,f/tcsKdUvlawGu uRefrtay: aumif;w,f/ uRefrudk *½kpdkufNyD; uRefr&JU udk,f - pdwfusef;rmcsrf;oma&;taMumif;udk ar;jref;Muw,f/ tjcm;vltcsKdUuawmh armufrmw,f/ uRefrudk rMunfjzLbl;/}}

]]a*[mrSm&SdwJh 0efxrf;awGu uRefrwdkYudk qkd;qkd;0g;0g; qufqHMuw,f/ awGUqHkar;jref;rIawGudkawmifrS uRefrwdkYudk cGJjcm;qufqHwJhenf;eJY jyKvkyfcJhMuw,f/ tJ'gu tck awGUqHkar;jref;rIyHkpHrsKd;eJYrwlbl;/ tck &SifwdkYu uRefrudk qufqHovdk olwdkYu uRefrwdkYudk aEG;axG;vdIufvSJpGm rqufqHMubl;/olwdkYu uRefrwdkYtay: txiftjrifao;NyD; uRefrwdkYudk *½krpdkufbl;/}}

2/2/2/2/2/ (EIwfESif h ½ ky fyd ki f;) rawmfrw&m;vkyfjcif;(EIwfESif h ½ ky fyd ki f;) rawmfrw&m;vkyfjcif;(EIwfESif h ½ ky fyd ki f;) rawmfrw&m;vkyfjcif;(EIwfESif h ½ ky fyd ki f;) rawmfrw&m;vkyfjcif;(EIwfESif h ½ ky fyd ki f;) rawmfrw&m;vkyfjcif;tvGefenf;yg;aom ta&twGuf&Sdonfhjzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&olrsm;rSm tultnDay;

a&;pDrHcsufwGif ¤if;wdkYa&muf&SdaepOf rawmfrw&m;tjyKcHcJhMu&onf/ þtcsufudk vufawGUvkyfudkifaqmif&Gufolrsm;ESifh rl0g'csrSwfolrsm; tvGeftrif; tav;xm;&rnfjzpfonf/ tcsdKU trIudpörsm;wGifuav;i,frsm; yg0ifywfoufaeaomaMumifh þrawmfrw&m;vkyfrIrsm;onf ydkíyif odomxif&Sm;pGmqdk;0g;vGef;aeonf/ trsm;qkH;jzpfaeusrSm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf atmufwGif azmfjyxm; ouJhodkYEIwfrS Murf;wrf;pGm ajymqdkjcif;udk cHMu&onf/ þonfrSm cGJjcm;qufqHjcif;ESifh udk,fcsif;pmem pdwfuif;rJhjcif;wdkYxuf trsm;BuD; ydkvGefoGm;aom tjyKtrljzpfonf/

]](a*[m0efxrf;u) wu,fvdkY uRefrwdkYtaeeJY uRefrwkdY&JU tawGUtBuHKuae ynmr,lEkdifbJqufNyD; rdkufrJaeOD;r,fqdk&if uRefrwdkY[m udk,fhudk,fukd,f"m;eJYxkd;NyD; owfaooifhw,fvdkY ajymw,f/NyD;awmh olru uRefrwdkYudk ajym&qdk&wmeJYyJ tmacgifajcmufvdkY uRefrwdkYudk bmrS roifay;Ekdifbl;vdkYajymw,f/}} odkY&mwGif? ¤if;tjyif jzpf&yf(2)ckwGif vlukeful;cH&oluav; (2)OD;onf ulnDapmifha&SmufrIcH,laepOftwGif;ü ½kyfydkif;qdkif&m ESdufpufn§Of;yef;jcif; cHcJhMu&onf/

olwdkY\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;aMumifh euf½dIif;pGm pdwfxdcdkuf'Pf&m&aeaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tay:wGif cGJjcm;qufqHjcif;? Murf;wrf;pGmqufqHjcif;ESifh rawmfrw&m;vkyfjcif;wdkY\ tusdK;oufa&mufxdcdkufrIudk csJUum;rajymqdkEdkifyg/ a&wdktaejzifh ¤if;onf olwdkY\ b0udk olwdkYudk,fwdkif xdef;csKyfEdkifrIESifhb0vkHNcHKrItodpdwfcHpm;csufudk jyefvnf&&Sda&;udk [efYwm;jcif;jzifh olwdkY\ jyefvnfemvefxlrIudk xdcdkufaponf/ ¤if;onf rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;twGuf pdwfzdpD;rI? pdk;&drfaomua&mufrI? pdwf"mwfusqif;rIESifh qufvufí pdwfxdcdkuf'Pf&m&rIwdkYudkjzpfaponf/ a&&Snftaejzifh þnHhzsif;aom(odkYr[kwf? tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;wGif tvGeftrif; tysufoabmaqmifaom) tultnDay;jcif; tawGUtBuHKrsm;onf 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholrsm;ESifh t&m&Sdrsm;tay:wGif ydkía,bk,suspGm vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\

- 70 -- 70 -- 70 -- 70 -- 70 -

,kHMunfrIudk xdcdkufaponf/ þodkYjzpfjcif;jzifh (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif taESmihft,Suf?odkYr[kwf? ratmifjrifrIwdkYjzpfaponfh tEÅ&m,f&SdvQifaomfrS tem*wfumvwGif tultnDudkawmif;cHjcif;? odkYr[kwf? vufcHjcif;jyK&ef 0efav;jcif;? odkYr[kwf? jiif;qefckcHjcif;wdkY jzpfvmrnfh tvm;tvm&Sdonf/ txl;ojzifh tav;xm;ylyef&rnfrSm rsm;pGmaom cGJjcm;qufqHjcif;? udk,fcsif;pmempdwfuif;rJhjcif;ESifh rawmfrw&m;jyKjcif;jzpf&yfrsm;wGif uav;rsm; yg0ifywfoufaejcif;jzpfonf/uav;rsm;twGuf xdcdkufrIrSmvlBuD;rsm;xufydkí BuD;rm;zG,f&Sdonf/ uav;rsm;taejzifh þuJhodkYaomtawGUtBuHKrsm;udk udkifwG,fajz&Sif;&efESifh ausmfvTm;&ef t&nftcsif;rsm; rzGHUNzdK;ao;ay/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; ulnDjcif;cHae&pOf cGJjcm;qufqHjcif;ESifUMurf;wrf;cufxefpGm qufqHjcif;

ar;/ vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk tultnDay;rIudk wdk;wufaumif;rGefatmifvkyfzdkY uRefawmfwdkYudk ulnD&ef vlukeful;cH&olrsm;eJY tvkyfvkyfvsuf&SdwJh vlrsm;twGuf oifhrSm owif;pum;ay;zdkY &Sdovm;¿

ajz/ ]]uRefrtaeeJY vlrI0efxrf;t&m&SdawGudk uRefrwdkYeJY rQa0cHpm;apcsifw,f/ olwdkY 0rf;enf;wJhtcgwdkif; ('grSr[kwf) a'goxGufwJhtcgwkdif; uRefrwdkYudk qlr,fhtpm; uRefrwdkYudk rQa0ajymjyoifhw,f}} (olr\ Zmwdwkdif;jynfwGif a*[mwpfckü ulnDjcif;cH&aom rdef;uav;)

ajz/ uRefrtaeeJY vlwkdif;qDu aEG;axG;rIeJY cGJjcm;qufqHrI r&Sdwmudk vdkcsifw,f/ 0efxrf;rsm;uvlukeful;cH&oludk arQmfvifhcsufay; apcsifw,f/ (olr tdrfjyefvmNyD;aemuf a*[mwpfckwGifulnDjcif;cH&aom trsKd;orD;)

ajz/ q&mwdkYu t&rf;pnf;urf;wif;MuyfNyD; uRefrudk trsm;BuD;qlw,f/ uRefrtaeeJY olwdkY[muRefrwdkYtay:,HkMunfNyD;cGifhvTwfapcsifw,f/ (jynfwGif;ü a*[mwpfckwGif ulnDjcif;cH&aomrdef;uav;)

ajz/ (uRefr&JU wkdif;jynfu a*[m0efxrf;awGtwGuf) uRefr&JU owif;pum;uawmh uRefrwdkYudkaEG;axG;vIdufvSJpGm qufqHzdkYeJY om;aumifawGtjzpf rqufqHzdkYyJ/ (jynfwGif;ü a*[mwpfckwGif ulnDjcif;cH&aom trsKd;orD;)

ajz/ aus;Zl;jyKNyD; uRefrvdk vlukeful;cH&olawGtay: ,Ofaus;wJh pum;vHk;awGoHk;pGJyg/ 0efxrf;awGudk auseyfatmifvkyfwJh vlukeful;cH&olawGudkom rulnDygeJY/ (olr\ Zmwdwkdif;jynfwGifulnDjcif;cH&aom trsKd;orD;)

- 71 -- 71 -- 71 -- 71 -- 71 -

t"duawGY &Sdcsufrsm;? tydkif; 4vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;\ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;wGif

tvGefta&;BuD;onfU udpö&yfrsm;

uav;rsm;onf rsm;pGmaom uGJjym;jcm;em;onfh acgif;yHkjzwfrIyHkpHrsm;twGuf vlukeful;jcif;cHMu&NyD;olwdkY\ atmifjrifpGm (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif uGJjym;jcm;em;aom wpfrlxl;jcm;onfh pdefac:rIrsm; tajrmuftjrm;&Sdonf/

- 72 -- 72 -- 72 -- 72 -- 72 -

t"duawGY &Sdcsufrsm;/ tydkif; (4)/vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;\ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;wGif

tvGefta&;BuD;aom udpö&yfrsm;

udpö&yf 4 ? 1 / uav;rsm;\ vlukeful;cH&onfU tawGYtBuHK

vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onf acgif;ykHjzwfrIykHpHtrsdK;rsdK;udk 'PfcHMu&onf/ toufi,fpOfuwnf;u vlukeful;cHMu&NyD; tvGeftrif; rawmfrw&m;vkyfrIrsdK;udk cHpm;cJhMu&onf/

vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onfavhvmcsufwGif wkefYjyefajzMum;olrsm;\ (40%)eD;yg;&SdNyD;wdkif;jynfwpfckcsif;pD\ erlemvlOD;a&wGif yg0ifaeMuonf/ uarÇm'D;,m;(21)OD;? w½kwf(7)OD;? vmtdkyD'Dtm(18)OD;? jrefrm(29)OD;? xdkif;(3)OD;ESifh AD,uferf(29)OD; wdkYjzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif a,mufsm;av;(24)OD;ESifh rdef;uav; (83)OD; yg0ifonf/

vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onf vdifacgif;ykHjzwfrItwGuf (37)OD;? vkyftm;acgif;ykHjzwfrItwGuf(23)OD;? awmif;&rf;cdkif;apjcif;ESifh vrf;ay:wGif aps;a&mif;jcif;twGuf (12) OD;? t"r®vufxyfrItwGuf(5)OD;ESifh vdifESifhvkyftm; (2)rsdK;pvkH; acgif;ykHjzwfrItwGuf (2)OD; vlukeful;jcif; cHcJhMu&onf/ jzpf&yf(4)ckwGif uav;tm;acgif;ykHjzwfjcif; rcH&rDMum;0if wm;qD;rI&SdcJhonf/ atmufyg Z,m;onf þuav;i,frsm; awGUBuHKcHpm;cJh&onfh vlukeful;rIyHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;udk tusOf;csKH; azmfjyxm;onf/

13 (8 uarÇm'D;,m;? jynfwGif;vlukeful;jcif;cH&ol/ 5 EkdifiHjcm;om;EdkifiHom;rsm;)

21 (7 w½kwf? jynfwGif;vlukeful;jcif;cH&ol/ 14 EkdifiHjcm;EkdifiHom;rsm;)

1 (1 EkdifiHjcm;EkdifiHom;)

2 (2 jynfwGif;vlukeful;cH&ol)

7 (7 EkdifiHjcm;EkdifiHom;rsm;)

5 (5 jynfwGif;vlukeful;cH&ol)

42 (2 jynfwGif;vlukeful;cH&ol/ 40 EkdifiHjcm;om;rsm;)

17 (13 jynfwGif;vlukeful;cH&ol/ 4 EkdifiHjcm;EkdifiHom;rsm;)

108

uarÇm'D;,m;

w½kwf

tif'dkeD;&Sm;

vmtdk PDR

rav;&Sm;

jrefrm

xdkif;

AD,uferf

pkpkaygif;

- 73 -- 73 -- 73 -- 73 -- 73 -

þuav;rsm;\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifh b0rsm;rSm trsdK;rsdK;uGJjym;jcm;em;aomfvnf; tcsdKUaombkHwlnDonfh udpö&yfrsm;ESifh ykHpHoGifjyifrsm; ay:xGufvmonf/ xda&mufí tvdkufoifh wkefYjyefEdkifaom(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;pDrHcsufrsm;tm; zGJUpnf;xlaxmif&mwGif þuav;rsm;\ vlukeful;cH&onfhtawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifhwuG olwdkY\ vlukeful;rcH&rD tajctaersm;ESifh vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemufydkif; b0rsm;udkem;vnfoabmayguf&ef vdktyfonf/ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm;tay: tvGefwdkuf½dkufxdcdkufrI&Sdaom tvGefta&;BuD;onfh udpö&yfrsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif; yg0ifonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ toufi,fpOfuwnf;u acgif;yk H jzwfcH&jcif;toufi,fpOfuwnf;u acgif;yk H jzwfcH&jcif;toufi,fpOfuwnf;u acgif;yk H jzwfcH&jcif;toufi,fpOfuwnf;u acgif;yk H jzwfcH&jcif;toufi,fpOfuwnf;u acgif;yk H jzwfcH&jcif;uav;rsm;onf tvGefi,faom touft&G,frSpí acgif;ykHjzwfcHcJhMu&onf/ (6)ESpfESifh (6)

ESpfatmuf (4)OD;? (10-12)ESpf (15)OD;? (13-14)ESpf (24)OD;? (15-17)ESpf (49)OD;ESifh toufrodol(2)OD;jzpfonf/ þonfrSm olwdkY\ ½kyfydkif;ESifh pdwfydkif;zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrIudk taotcsmyif xdcdkufaponf/xdkYtjyif olwdkY\ rdom;pk? odkYr[kwf? ulnDaxmufyHhonfh uGef&ufrsm;ESifh toufi,fpOfuwnf;uuGJuGmae&rIonf olwdkY\ udk,fydkifyk*¾vduvu©Pm? pdwfvkHNcHKrIESifh usef;rm&Tifvef;rIwdkYudk {uefrkcsxdcdkufaponf/

vdifacgif;yHkjzwfrI 37

vkyftm;twGuf vlukeful;jcif; 16 23

awmif;&rf;jcif;ESifh vrf;ay:wGif aps;a&mif;jcif; 8 12

t"r®xdrf;jrm;vufxyfjcif; 5

vdifacgif;yHkjzwfrIESifh vkyftm; 2

acgif;yHkjzwfrIrwdkifrD Mum;0ifaqmif&Gufjcif; 4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

a,mufsm;av;rsm; rdef;uav;rsm;

- 74 -- 74 -- 74 -- 74 -- 74 -

2/2/2/2/2/ vlukeful;cH&pOf tvGeftrif;tMurf;zufrIudk awGUBuHKcHpm;&onf/ rsufjrifBuHKawGUcJ hvlukeful;cH&pOf tvGeftrif;tMurf;zufrIudk awGUBuHKcHpm;&onf/ rsufjrifBuHKawGUcJ hvlukeful;cH&pOf tvGeftrif;tMurf;zufrIudk awGUBuHKcHpm;&onf/ rsufjrifBuHKawGUcJ hvlukeful;cH&pOf tvGeftrif;tMurf;zufrIudk awGUBuHKcHpm;&onf/ rsufjrifBuHKawGUcJ hvlukeful;cH&pOf tvGeftrif;tMurf;zufrIudk awGUBuHKcHpm;&onf/ rsufjrifBuHKawGUcJ hMuonf/Muonf/Muonf/Muonf/Muonf/

rnfonfh acgif;ykHjzwfrIykHpHrsdK;yifjzpfap? vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm; tm;vkH;onf tMurf;zufrIudk cHpm;cJhMu&onf/ ¤if;wGif ½kyfydkif;qdkif&m? vdifqdkif&mESifh pdwfydkif;qdkif&m tMurf;zufrIwdkY yg0ifonf/xdkYtjyif vlukeful;cH&ol uav;rsm;onf ¤if;wdkYESifh vlukeful;cHae&aom tjcm;olrsm;tm; tvGeftusL; tMurf;zufjcif;ESifh rawmfrw&m;vkyfjcif;rsm;udk rsufjrifBuHKawGUcJhMuonf/

3/3/3/3/3/ vlukeful;cH&pOf Murf;wrf;cufxefaom tvkyfESif h aexdkifrI tajctaersm;vlukeful;cH&pOf Murf;wrf;cufxefaom tvkyfESif h aexdkifrI tajctaersm;vlukeful;cH&pOf Murf;wrf;cufxefaom tvkyfESif h aexdkifrI tajctaersm;vlukeful;cH&pOf Murf;wrf;cufxefaom tvkyfESif h aexdkifrI tajctaersm;vlukeful;cH&pOf Murf;wrf;cufxefaom tvkyfESif h aexdkifrI tajctaersm;vlukeful;cH&oluav;i,frsm;onf ¤if;wdkY tumtuG,frJhpGm BuHKawGU&aom Murf;wrf;cuf

xefonfh wpfcgwpf&Hvlrqefonfh tvkyfESifh aexdkifrI tajctaersm;\ tusdK;qufaMumifh ½kyfydkif;qdkif&m jyóemrsm;cHpm;Mu&onf/ uav;rsm; tm;vkH;jyóemrsm; BuHKawGU&aomfvnf; ¤if;jyóemrsm;rSm olwdkY usa&mufonfh vlukeful;rItrsdK;tpm;ESifh vdkufí twdkif;twmyrmPtm;jzifh uGJjym;jcm;em;onf/

4/4/4/4/4/ umvMum&SnfpGm acgif;yk HjzwfcH&jcif;ESif h tqifhqifhvlukeful;cH&jcif;tawGUtBuHKrsm;umvMum&SnfpGm acgif;yk HjzwfcH&jcif;ESif h tqifhqifhvlukeful;cH&jcif;tawGUtBuHKrsm;umvMum&SnfpGm acgif;yk HjzwfcH&jcif;ESif h tqifhqifhvlukeful;cH&jcif;tawGUtBuHKrsm;umvMum&SnfpGm acgif;yk HjzwfcH&jcif;ESif h tqifhqifhvlukeful;cH&jcif;tawGUtBuHKrsm;umvMum&SnfpGm acgif;yk HjzwfcH&jcif;ESif h tqifhqifhvlukeful;cH&jcif;tawGUtBuHKrsm;vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onf umvMum&SnfpGm vlukeful;cH&onfh b0ü tcsdefukefvGefcJhMu

&onf/ rsm;pGmaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif wu,fyifESpfrsm;pGm MumcJhonf/ tcsdKUjzpf&yfrsm;wGif vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onf tqifhqifhvlukeful;cH&jcif; tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk BuHKawGUcJhMuonf/

5/5/5/5/5/ tysufoabmaqmifaom rdom;pktawGUtBuHKtysufoabmaqmifaom rdom;pktawGUtBuHKtysufoabmaqmifaom rdom;pktawGUtBuHKtysufoabmaqmifaom rdom;pktawGUtBuHKtysufoabmaqmifaom rdom;pktawGUtBuHK(od k Yr[kwf rdom;pktawGUtBuHKr&S d jcif;)(od k Yr[kwf rdom;pktawGUtBuHKr&S d jcif;)(od k Yr[kwf rdom;pktawGUtBuHKr&S d jcif;)(od k Yr[kwf rdom;pktawGUtBuHKr&S d jcif;)(od k Yr[kwf rdom;pktawGUtBuHKr&S d jcif;)tcsdKUaom uav;rsm;onf tjyKoabmaqmifí tajctaeaumif;aom rdom;pkrsm;xH

jyefa&mufoGm;MuNyD; ¤if;rdom;pku olwdkY\ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udk taxmuftuljyKMuonf/ odkY&mwGif tjcm;aom vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;rSm vlukeful;jcif;rcH&rDyif olwdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;wGif tvGeftysufoabmaqmifaom tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk awGUBuHKcJhMu&onf/ ¤if;wGif trsm;qkH;jzpfavh&SdonfrSm ½dkif;pdkif;Murf;wrf;aom rdbrsm;ESifh odkYr[kwf t&ufaopmaomufpm;onfh rdbrsm;yg0ifonf/tcsdKUaomjzpf&yfrsm;wGif rdom;pk0ifrsm;onf vlukeful;rIwGif BuH&mygjzpfonf/ tenf;i,faom ta&twGuf&Sdonfh vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onf rdom;pktawGUtBuHK tenf;i,fom&Sdonf/odkYr[kwf vkH;0r&Sdyg/ olwdkYrSm tvGefi,faom touft&G,fuwnf;u vlukeful;cHcJh&NyD; vlukeful;onfh ywf0ef;usifwGifom vlawGESifh qufqHcJh&onf/

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onfjrifUrm;aom tqifU&SdonfU tMurf;zufrIESifU rawmfrw&m;vkyfrIwdkhudk

rsufjrifBuHKawGY NyD; awGY BuHKcHpm;cJUMu&onf/

touf(10)ESpft&G,fwGif xkdif;EkdifiHokdY vlukeful;cHcJh&onfh jrefrmEkdifiHrS rdef;uav;wpfOD;onfyifv,fpmjyKjyif xkwfvkyfa&;puf½HkwpfckwGif tvkyfvkyfcJhonf/ xdkae&mwGif olronf tvGeftrif;&ufpufMurf;MuKwfrIrsm;udk awGUBuHKcHpm;cJh&NyD; rsufjrifBuHKawGUcJh&onf/ tu,fí wpfa,mufa,muf

- 75 -- 75 -- 75 -- 75 -- 75 -

u xGufajy;&ef BudK;pm;vQif tvkyfBuD;Muyfolrsm;u ol(odkYr[kwf? olr)udk twif;tMuyf t0wftpm;rsm;cRwfckdif;umMurf;jyifay:wGif udk,fvHk;wD;jzifh vSJavsmif;apNyD; tjcm;tvkyform;rsm;\ a&SUarSmufrSmyifowday;rIwpfcktjzpf ol (odkYr[kwf? olr)udk ½dkufESufMuonf/ þtjypfay;rIudk Munfh½Ijcif;tm; rMunfhrae&Munfh½I&NyD; tu,fí wpfpHkwpfOD;u Munfh½I&ef jiif;qefygu olYudkvnf; ½dkufESufvdrfhrnfjzpfonf/

vkyftm;twGuf w½kwfEkdifiHtwGif;ü vlukeful;cHcJh&aom a,mufsm;uav;wpfOD;u tkwfpuf½Hkwpf½HkwGif tvkyfvkyfaepOf tvGeftrif; tMurf;zufrIudk rsufjrifBuHKawGUcJh&aMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ olu vlrsm;onf tu,fítvkyfrvkyfygu rnfodkY½dkufESufjcif;cH&yHkESifh tcsKdUrSm þ½dkufESufrIrsm;cH&NyD;aemuf ½l;oGyfoGm;cJhonf[k azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ tvkyform;wpfOD;onf t½dkufcH&NyD; aoqHk;oGm;cJhonf/ tvkyfBuD;Muyfolrsm;onf tvkyform;rsm;udk ausmufcJrsm;jzifhvnf; ypfaygufcJhMuonf/olukd,fwkdifvnf; puf½ H kodkY ola&muf&Sdaom tcsdefwGif t½ d kufcHcJh&NyD; olwdkYu olYudk vkyfc r&bJtvkyfvkyf&rnf[k ajymqdkcJhonf/ olu uefYuGufaom tcgolwdkYu olYudk xyfrH½dkufESufcJhMuonf/

olrtouf 6 ESpft&G,fwGif rdef;uav;wpfOD;onf vrf;ay:wGif oMum;vHk;rsm; a&mif;cs&efjrefrmEkdifiHrS xkdif;EkdifiHokdY vlukeful;cH&onf/ olronf olr\ oMum;vHk;rsm; tm;vHk;udk tukefra&mif;csEkdifaom tcsdefwGif ½dkufESufjcif;ESifh n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufjcif;cH&onf/ ¤if;wGif olr\ ptdk(odkYr[kwf)vdift*FgxJodkY i½kwfoD;awmifhxnfhoGif;jcif; tygt0ifjzpfonf/

Murf;wrf;cufxefaom tvkyfESifU aexdkifrI tajctaersm;udk cHpm;Mu&onf/

tif'dkeD;&Sm;a&jyifay:wGif ig;zrf;pufavSwpfpD;ay:odkY vlukeful;cHcJh&onfh xdkif;a,mufsm;uav;wpfOD;onf tvGeftrif; Murf;wrf;cufxefonfh tvkyfvkyf udkifrIESifh aexdkifrItajctaersm;udkawGUBuHKcHpm;cJh&onf/ olonf yifv,fxJodkY ydkufuGefrsm;csjcif;? ydkufuGefrsm;udk a&xJrS qGJwifjcif;?ig;rsm;udk a&G;cs,fjcif;? xkyfydk;jcif;ESifh tat;cHjcif;wdkYudk reufapmapmrS nOfheufonfhtxd vkyfudkifcJh&onf/ tem;,l&efESifh tpmpm;&ef tcsdeftenf;i,frQom&Sdonf/ tu,fí tvkyfBuD;Muyfolrsm;urauseyfvQif olonf atmf[pfcH&NyD; n§Of;yef;cH&onf/ pufavSonf yifv,fjyifta0;ü tcsdefumvMumjrifhpGm&Sdaeojzifh olonf xGufrajy;EdkifcJhay/ jrefrmEdkifiHrS xdkif;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom rdef;uav;wpfOD;onf oMum;vHk;uav;rsm;udk puúLywfxkyfydk;jcif;udk wpfaeYvHk; vkyf&NyD; ¤if;wdkYudk npOf 6 em&DrS oef;acgif,Htxd a&mif;cs&ef twif;tMuyfcdkif;apjcif; cH&onf/ olronf &ufowåwpfywfvQif(7)&uf tvkyfvkyf&onf/ olrudk pm;aomufzdkY vHkavmufonfh tpm;tpmudk rnfonfhtcgurQ ray;cJhacs/ jrefrmEdkifiHrS rdef;uav;wpfOD;onf touf 13 ESpft&G,fwGif jynhfwefqmtvkyftwGufxdkif;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&onf/ olrudk azmufonfrsm;tm; vdifudpö 0efaqmifrIrsm; ay;&efESifholwdkYESifhtwl t&ufaopmaomufoHk;&ef twif;tMuyfcdkif;apcJhonf/ olronf vdifrSwpfqifh ul;pufaom a&m*gwpfckudk ul;puf&&SdcJhonf/ odkYaomf olrudk usef;rma&;aq;cef;wpfckodkYoGm;&ef? odkYr[kwf?aq;ukorItwGuf rnfonfh aq;0g;udkrQ &&Sd&ef cGifhrjyKcJhay/ olrwGif vdifrSwpfqihf ul;pufa&m*g&Sdaeaomfvnf; olrudk em;&efcGihf rjyKcJhay/ w½kwfEdkifiHwGif awmif;&rf;cdkif;ap&eftwGuf jynfwGif;üvlukeful;jcif;cH&aom a,mufsm;uav;wpfOD;onf wpfaeukefvrf;ay:wGif awmif;&rf;jcif;jzifh tcsdefukefvGefcJh&onf/ BuD;Muyfolrsm;onf ae&mwumwGif&SdaeNyD; olYudk apmifhMunhfppfaq;vsuf&Sdonf/tu,fí olonf tenf;i,f tem;,lcJhygu olYudk ½dkufESufNyD; aemufwpfaeYwGif ydkíMumMum twif;tMuyf awmif;&rf;ckdkif;aponf/ olonf twif;tMuyf awmif;&rf;ckdif;apjcif;cH&onfh tjcm;uav;(10)OD;ESifhtwl tvGefao;i,faom tcef;wpfckwGif aexkdif&onf/ odkYaomf ol\ tcsdeftrsm;pkrSm

- 76 -- 76 -- 76 -- 76 -- 76 -

vrf;rsm;ay:wGif ukefvGefcJh&onf/

tysufoabmaqmifaom rdom;pktawGYtBuHKrsm; &SdcJUMuonf/

awmif;&rf;cdkif;ap&eftwGuf w½kwfEdkifiHtwGif;ü vlukeful;cHcJh&aom a,musfm;uav;wpfOD;onf olBuD;jyif;vmaepOf ol\ rdom;pk\ qdk;0g;pGm jyKrlqufqHrIESihf &ufpufMurf;MuKwfrIudk cHcJh&onf/olwdkYonf rMumcPyif olYudk tpm;tpm ray;bJxm;NyD; ½dkufESufonf/ ol\ rdom;pktaMumif;udkajymqdkaepOfolonf tvGefyif pdwfuoduatmufjzpfNyD; olwdkY olYtay:uav;wpfOD;tjzpf jyKrlqufqHcJhyHktwGuf olwdkYudk b,fawmhrS cGihfrvTwfEdkifaMumif; ajymqdkcJhonf/ olonf b,fawmhrS tdrfodkYrjyef&ef? odkYr[kwf? olwdkYudk wpfzef rqHkawGU&ef BuHpnfxm;onf/ vrf;ay:wGif aps;a&mif;&ef jrefrmEdkifiHrS xdkif;EdkifiHodkY vlukeful;cH&aom rdef;uav;wpfOD;u tajctaeysufjym;aeaom rdom;pk0ef;usifudkazmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ olr\ rdcifonf t&ufaopm tvGJoHk;pGJaeonf/ olr\ rdcifonf olr\vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKwGif BuH&myg jzpfzG,f&Sdonf/ odkYaomfvnf; þtcsufrSm awGUqHkajzMum;olESifh csOf;uyfajymqdk&ef cufcJí txdrcHaom taMumif;t&mwpfckjzpfonf/

udpö&yf 4 ? 2 / uav;rsm;twGuf txl;jyKaom 0efaqmifrIrsm;&Sd uGufvyfrsm;

uav;rsm;onf tultnD vdktyfcsufrsm; &Sdonf/ ¤if;vdktyfcsufrsm;udk tNrJwap rjznfhqnf;ay;Edkifyg/

vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ touft&G,f? &ifhusufrIESifh vlukeful;cH&onfhtawGUtBuHKrsm;udk taMumif;jyKí oD;oefYjzpfaom? trsm;tm;jzifh txl;jyKaom tultnD vdktyfcsufrsm;&Sdonf/ tcsdKUaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tzGJUtpnf;rsm;onf vlukeful;cH& oluav;rsm;\ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udk ulnDaxmufyHh&mwGif txl;jyKNyD; uav;rsm;\ uGJjym;aomtouft&G,fESifh uGJjym;aom zGHYNzdK;rItqifhwdkYt& udkufn§djyKjyifxm;aom tvkH;pkHjynfhpkHonfh 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk ay;urf;Muonf/ odkY&mwGif þavhvmcsuftwGuf awGUqkHar;jref;cJhaom vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;txJwGif txl;jyKtultnDESifh touft&G,fESifh avsmfnDaom 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk tNrJwap r&&SdEdkifMuyg/ tcsdKUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif uav;rsm;twGu f(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; 0efaqmifrIrsm;onf tESpfom&tm;jzifh vlBuD;rsm;udk ay;aom 0efaqmifrIrsm;ESifh rjcm;em;yg/ uav;trsm;pku ¤if;wdkY\ uav;tjzpfjzifh wpfOD;csif; vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh udkufnDatmif jyKjyifajymif;vJxm;onfh tultnDudk&&SdaMumif; razmfjyMuyg/ trSefwu,ftm;jzifh tm;vkH;NcHKMunfhvQif vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;twGuftxl;jyKaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; 0efaqmifrIrsm;rSm tuefYtowf&SdyHk&onf/

uav; - oD;oefY (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDaxmufyHhjcif; udpö&yfrsm;onfuJGjym;onfh 0efaqmifrIe,fy,ftrsdK;rsdK; wpf0dkufwGif A[dkjyKxm;onf/ ¤if;wGif atmufygtcsufrsm;yg0ifonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;twGuf oif havsmfaom ae&mxdkifcif;/vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;twGuf oif havsmfaom ae&mxdkifcif;/vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;twGuf oif havsmfaom ae&mxdkifcif;/vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;twGuf oif havsmfaom ae&mxdkifcif;/vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;twGuf oif havsmfaom ae&mxdkifcif;/2/2/2/2/2/ aq;0g;ukorI tultnD/aq;0g;ukorI tultnD/aq;0g;ukorI tultnD/aq;0g;ukorI tultnD/aq;0g;ukorI tultnD/3/3/3/3/3/ pdwfyd ki f;qd kif&m tm;ay;ulnDrIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI/pdwfyd ki f;qd kif&m tm;ay;ulnDrIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI/pdwfyd ki f;qd kif&m tm;ay;ulnDrIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI/pdwfyd ki f;qd kif&m tm;ay;ulnDrIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI/pdwfyd ki f;qd kif&m tm;ay;ulnDrIESif h ESpfodrf haqG;aEG;tBuHay;rI/4/4/4/4/4/ w&m;0ify H kr Se fpmoifausmif;wGi f ausmif;wufynmoifjcif;od k Y 0ifa&mufw&m;0ify H kr Se fpmoifausmif;wGi f ausmif;wufynmoifjcif;od k Y 0ifa&mufw&m;0ify H kr Se fpmoifausmif;wGi f ausmif;wufynmoifjcif;od k Y 0ifa&mufw&m;0ify H kr Se fpmoifausmif;wGi f ausmif;wufynmoifjcif;od k Y 0ifa&mufw&m;0ify H kr Se fpmoifausmif;wGi f ausmif;wufynmoifjcif;od k Y 0ifa&muf

- 77 -- 77 -- 77 -- 77 -- 77 -

aygif;pnf;jcif; tygt0if ynma&;/aygif;pnf;jcif; tygt0if ynma&;/aygif;pnf;jcif; tygt0if ynma&;/aygif;pnf;jcif; tygt0if ynma&;/aygif;pnf;jcif; tygt0if ynma&;/5/5/5/5/5/ b0wGufwm uRrf;usifp&m ynma&;/b0wGufwm uRrf;usifp&m ynma&;/b0wGufwm uRrf;usifp&m ynma&;/b0wGufwm uRrf;usifp&m ynma&;/b0wGufwm uRrf;usifp&m ynma&;/6/6/6/6/6/ toufarG;rI ynmoifwef;/toufarG;rI ynmoifwef;/toufarG;rI ynmoifwef;/toufarG;rI ynmoifwef;/toufarG;rI ynmoifwef;/7/7/7/7/7/ (vlukeful;cH&oluav;^ vli,f? odk Yr[kwf? ¤if;wdk Y\ rdom;pktm;) pD;yGm;a&;(vlukeful;cH&oluav;^ vli,f? odk Yr[kwf? ¤if;wdk Y\ rdom;pktm;) pD;yGm;a&;(vlukeful;cH&oluav;^ vli,f? odk Yr[kwf? ¤if;wdk Y\ rdom;pktm;) pD;yGm;a&;(vlukeful;cH&oluav;^ vli,f? odk Yr[kwf? ¤if;wdk Y\ rdom;pktm;) pD;yGm;a&;(vlukeful;cH&oluav;^ vli,f? odk Yr[kwf? ¤if;wdk Y\ rdom;pktm;) pD;yGm;a&;

tultnDtultnDtultnDtultnDtultnD8/8/8/8/8/ Oya'a&;&m vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif Oya'qdkif&mtultnDESif h taxmuftyH h/Oya'a&;&m vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif Oya'qdkif&mtultnDESif h taxmuftyH h/Oya'a&;&m vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif Oya'qdkif&mtultnDESif h taxmuftyH h/Oya'a&;&m vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif Oya'qdkif&mtultnDESif h taxmuftyH h/Oya'a&;&m vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif Oya'qdkif&mtultnDESif h taxmuftyH h/9/9/9/9/9/ rdom;pktwGif; aphpyfjzefajzay;jcif;ESif h wd kifyifaqG;aEG;tBuHay;jcif;/rdom;pktwGif; aphpyfjzefajzay;jcif;ESif h wd kifyifaqG;aEG;tBuHay;jcif;/rdom;pktwGif; aphpyfjzefajzay;jcif;ESif h wd kifyifaqG;aEG;tBuHay;jcif;/rdom;pktwGif; aphpyfjzefajzay;jcif;ESif h wd kifyifaqG;aEG;tBuHay;jcif;/rdom;pktwGif; aphpyfjzefajzay;jcif;ESif h wd kifyifaqG;aEG;tBuHay;jcif;/

10/10/10/10/10/ ( jye fvnf) 0i fqe f Yaygi f ;pnf ;a&; aemufy d ki f ;tr Iu dp öp Dr Hce f Yc G J jci f ;E Si f h( jye fvnf) 0i fqe f Yaygi f ;pnf ;a&; aemufy d ki f ;tr Iu dp öp Dr Hce f Yc G J jci f ;E Si f h( jye fvnf) 0i fqe f Yaygi f ;pnf ;a&; aemufy d ki f ;tr Iu dp öp Dr Hce f Yc G J jci f ;E Si f h( jye fvnf) 0i fqe f Yaygi f ;pnf ;a&; aemufy d ki f ;tr Iu dp öp Dr Hce f Yc G J jci f ;E Si f h( jye fvnf) 0i fqe f Yaygi f ;pnf ;a&; aemufy d ki f ;tr Iu dp öp Dr Hce f Yc G J jci f ;E Si f haemufqufwG J ulnDaqmif&GufrI/aemufqufwG J ulnDaqmif&GufrI/aemufqufwG J ulnDaqmif&GufrI/aemufqufwG J ulnDaqmif&GufrI/aemufqufwG J ulnDaqmif&GufrI/

11/11/11/11/11/ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDaxmufyHhjcif;wGif uav;-oD;oefY(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDaxmufyHhjcif;wGif uav;-oD;oefY(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDaxmufyHhjcif;wGif uav;-oD;oefY(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDaxmufyHhjcif;wGif uav;-oD;oefY(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDaxmufyHhjcif;wGif uav;-oD;oefYusif h0wfrsm;ESif h vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;rsm;/usif h0wfrsm;ESif h vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;rsm;/usif h0wfrsm;ESif h vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;rsm;/usif h0wfrsm;ESif h vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;rsm;/usif h0wfrsm;ESif h vkyfxk H;vkyfenf;rsm;/

udpö&yf 4 ? 3 / vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ uav;rsm;

tdrfrSm xm;cJhaom uav;rsm;ESifh vlukeful;cH&pOf arG;zGm;aomuav;rsm;\ tultnD vdktyfcsufrsm;/

uav;rsm;udk olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&olrdbrsm; BuHKawGUcJh&onfh tajctaersm;u tvGefyifwdkuf½dkufxdcdkufrI&Sdonf/ vlukeful;cH&olrdbrsm;onf olwdkYtdrfjyefaomtcg udpö&yfaygif; ajrmufjrm;pGmudk &ifqdkifBuHKawGUMu&onf/ þudpö&yftcsdKUwGif yg0ifonfwdkYrSm pD;yGm;a&;jyóemrsm;? pdwfzdpD;rIESifhpdwfxdcdkuf'Pf&m&rI? ½kyfydkif;'Pf&mtemw&jzpfrIESifh ôdkYr[kwf emrusef;jzpfrI ? rdom;pkywf0ef;usiftwGif;üwif;rmrIrsm;ESifhjyóemrsm;? ab;uif;vkHNcHKa&; udpö&yfrsm;ponfwdkY yg0ifonf/ þ(jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; pdefac:rIrsm;udk udkifwG,fajz&Sif;&ef cufcJrIu ¤if;wdkY\ uav;rsm;tay:wGifwdkuf½dkufxdcdkufrI&Sdonf/ ¤if;xdcdkufrIwGif vkHNcHKpdwfcs&í tajctaeaumif;rGefaom rdom;pkESifh vlrIa&;ywf0ef;usif&&Sd&ef ¤if;wdkY\ tcGifhtvrf;rsm; xdcdkufcH&rIyg0ifonf/ þavhvmcsufwGif azmfxkwfxm;aom (jyefvnf)0ifqef Yaygif;pnf;a&;ulnDaxmufyH hr Iud kvd ktyfonfhvlukeful;cH&olrsm;\uav;rsm;rSmt"du trsdK;tpm; (2)rsdK;&Sdonf/ a&TUajymif;oGm;vmol rdb(rsm;)u tdrfrSmxm;&pfcJhaomuav;rsm;ESifh vlukeful;cH&pOf arG;zGm;vmaom uav;rsm;jzpfonf/ þ uav;rsm;onf rsm;pGmqifwlaom vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh udpö&yfrsm;&Sdaomfvnf; tkyfpk(2)pktMum;wGif tcsdKUaom ta&;BuD;onfhuGJjym;jcm;em;rIrsm;vnf; &Sdonf/

1/1/1/1/1/ tdrfrSmxm;cJ haom uav;rsm;tdrfrSmxm;cJ haom uav;rsm;tdrfrSmxm;cJ haom uav;rsm;tdrfrSmxm;cJ haom uav;rsm;tdrfrSmxm;cJ haom uav;rsm;rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf olwdkYa&TUajymif;oGm;vmaom tcsdefwGif uav;rsm;&Sdae

MuNyD; ¤if;uav;rsm;udk usef&pfaom rdb? odkYr[kwf? aqGrsdK;rsm;u jyKpkapmifha&Smuf&ef tdrfrSm xm;&pfcJhMuonf/ tdrfjyefvmaomtcg rdbrsm;ESifh uav;rsm;onf rdom;pkESifh &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf; (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif t"du pdefac:rI tcuftcJ(3)ckudk awGUBuHK&onf/

(u) vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemuf pD;yGm;a&;jyóemrsm;?( c ) vlukeful;cH&ol rdbrsm;ESifh qufqHa&;wGif wif;rmrIrsm;?( * ) vlukeful;cH&ol rdbrsm;onf emrnfysuftrnf;pufxifNyD; cGJjcm;qufqHcH&rI

- 78 -- 78 -- 78 -- 78 -- 78 -

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm;tdrfrSmxm;cJUaom uav;rsm; BuHKawGY&onfU udpö&yfrsm;

t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf AD,uferfEkdifiHrS w½kwfEkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf tpydkif;wGif olr\ uav;rsm;udk axmufyhHzdkYa&TUajymif;oGm;vmcJhonf/ olr\ tdrfaxmifa&;uGm&Sif;NyD;aemuf olronf olwdkYudk olrwpfOD;wnf; arG;jrLcJh&onf/ w½kwfEkdifiHwGif olr acgif;yHkjzwfjcif;cHae&onfh 3 ESpftwGif;ü olwdkY\ pD;yGm;a&;tajctaeonf ydkí qdk;0g;vmcJhonf/]]uRefrjyefvmwJh tcsdefrSm yxrqHk; uRefr ylyefwJht&muawmh uRefr&JU uav;awGyJ/ olwdkY[m pm;p&mvHkvHkavmufavmufr&SdbJ odyfudk pdwfrcsrf;rom jzpfaeyHk&w,f/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm uRefr&JU OD;pm;ay;udpöuawmh olwdkYtwGuf qef0,fzdkY tvkyfvkyfzdkYyJjzpfw,f/ uRefr[m bHktzGJUtpnf;xJu vlawGtwGuftvkyfpvkyfay;cJhw,f/ uRefrtaeeJY olwdkYu uRefrudk iSm;NyD;vkyfckdif;csifwJh b,ftvkyfudkrqdk vkyfcJhw,f/}} AD,uferftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf olr\ tBuD;qHk;uav;u touf 7 ESpf&SdNyD; ti,fqHk;uav;u touf 2 ESpft&G,f&SdcsdefwGif t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf w½kwfEkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&onf/ olronf7 ESpfMumatmif acgif;yHkjzwfcHae&NyD; þtcsdeftwGif; olr\ uav;rsm;ESifh rqufoG,fEkdifcJhay/ olrtdrfjyefta&mufwGif olr\ uav;rsm;ESifh olr\ qufqHa&;taMumif; ar;jref;aomtcg olruolr tdrfjyefta&mufwGif tvGefcufcJaom tajctaewpf&yfudk BuHKawGUcJh&aMumif;ESifh olr\uav;rsm;ESifh qufqHa&;udk jyefvnfwnfaqmuf&ef olr rnfodkY BudK;yrf;½ kef;uefcJh&yHkudk azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/ olru olr\ uav;rsm;\ b0xJwGif olr\ ae&mudk jyefvnfxlaxmif&ef wu,fhudktcsdeftawmfMum,lcJh&onf[k &Sif;jycJhonf/

2/2/2/2/2/ vlukeful;cH&pOf arG;zGm;vmaom uav;rsm;vlukeful;cH&pOf arG;zGm;vmaom uav;rsm;vlukeful;cH&pOf arG;zGm;vmaom uav;rsm;vlukeful;cH&pOf arG;zGm;vmaom uav;rsm;vlukeful;cH&pOf arG;zGm;vmaom uav;rsm;(jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;ESifh ywfoufí xyfrHtxl;jyKvkyfaqmif&ef vdktyfaom

vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm; oD;jcm;tkyfpkcGJwpfckrSm vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKrS arG;zGm;vmaomuav;rsm;jzpfonf/ qdkvdkonfrSm olwdkY\ rdcifrsm;onf vlukeful;cHae&onfh tajctaewGif &SdaepOfarG;zGm;vmolrsm;jzpfonf/ þodkYjzpfjcif;onf trsm;qHk;jzpfaeusyHkpHrSm trsdK;orD;rsm;tm; t"r®vufxyf&ef vlukeful;cH&NyD; uav;taztjzpf olr\ ]]vifa,mufsm;}}jzpfolESifh uav;&&Sdjcif;? odkYr[kwf?trsdK;orD;rsm;tm; vdifacgif;ykHjzwf&ef vlukeful;cH&NyD; uav;taztjzpf olwdkYudk vlukeful;ol? odkYr[kwfazmufonfwpfOD;ESifh uav;&&Sdjcif;jzpfonf/

vlukeful;cH&jcif;rS arG;zGm;vmaom uav;rsm;onf olwdkY\ rdcif\ rdom;pkESifh vlYtzGJUtpnf;wGif 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;&ef oD;oefYtaxmuftyHhESifh tultnDrsm; vdktyfonf/ ¤if;wGif (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;umvtwGif; BuHKawGU&onfh t"du udpö&yf (5)ck&Sdonf/

(u) vlukeful;cH&jcif;\ (½kyfydkif;ESifhpdwfydkif;) xdcdkufrI/( c ) rdcifjzpfolESifh qufqHa&;ESifh rdcifoHa,mZOf( * ) vlukeful;cH&jcif;rS arG;zGm;vmaom uav;rsm;tay: rdom;pk\ wkefYjyefqufqHrIrsm;/(C) vlukeful;cH&jcif;rS arG;zGm;vmaom uav;rsm;tay: &yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;rS wkefYjyef

qufqHrIrsm;/( i ) tultnDESifh 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tcGifhtvrf;rsm; &&SdEdkifrI

- 79 -- 79 -- 79 -- 79 -- 79 -

jzpf&yfrSeftrIudpö avUvmcsufrsm; vlukeful;cH&jcif;rS arG;zGm;vmaomuav;rsm; BuHKawGY&onfU udpö&yfrsm;

t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf w½ kwfEkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom AD,uferftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;uw½kwfEkdifiHwGif olrudk,fwkdifESifh olr\ uav;rsm;twGuf tvGefnhHzsif;aom aexdkifrI tajctaersm;udkazmfjy ajymqdkcJhonf/ xdkae&mwGif olr\ b0rSmqif;&JNyD; Murf;wrf;cufxefonf/ olronf olr\uav;(2)OD;udk auR;arG;jyKpk&ef tvkyfvkyf&onfh wpfOD;wnf;aom vljzpfonf/ olr\ cifyGef;onfol\tcsdefESifh aiGtm;vHk;udk avmif;upm;wGif oHk;jzKef;ypfcJhonf/ t"r®vufxyf&eftwGuf w½kwfEkdifiHodkY vlukeful;cHcJh&aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf olr\ w½ kwf ]]vifa,mufsm;}}ESifh &&SdcJhaomudk,f0efESifhtwl jrefrmEkdifiHodkY jyefvmcJhonf/ olronf vlukeful;jcif; rcH&rD jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd olr\cifyGef;ESifh tjcm;uav; 2 a,muf&&SdcJhNyD;jzpfum olr\ cifyGef;u olrtaejzifh uav;arG;zGm;vmcsdefwGif uav;udk pGefYypfrSomvQif olrukd vufcH&ef oabmwlcJhonf/ tvkyftudkifr&Sd? 0ifaiGr&Sd? aep&mtdrfr&Sdjzpfaeaom trsKd;orD;onf tjcm;a&G;cs,frIwpfckckudk jyKvkyfEkdifpGrf;r&Sd[k cHpm;cJh&onf/ olronf tu,fí uav;udk xdef;odrf;xm;ygu olr\ tjcm;uav;rsm;udk rawGUjrif&awmhrnfudkvnf;pdk;&drfylyefcJhonf/ vufxyfxdrf;jrm;&eftwGuf vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemuf AD,uferftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;onfolr\ w½kwf]]vifa,mufsm;}}jzpfolESifh &&SdcJhaom uav;(2)OD;ESifhtwl w½kwfEkdifiHrS tdrfjyefvmcJhonf/olr\ uav;rsm;onf oufaocHtaxmuftxm; pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;vnf; r&Sd? rdom;pkpmtkyfrsm;vnf; r&Sdí tusKd;quftaejzifh ausmif;wuf&ef cGihfjyKjcif;rcH&aomaMumifhb0onfcufcJcJhonf/xdkYtjyif olwdkY yxrOD;pGm jyefvmaom tcsdefwGif olwdkYonf AD,uferfbmompum;udk rajymwwfoavmufjzpfonf/ ¤if;onf 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfwGif aemufxyf twm;tqD;wpf&yfjzpfonf/ olru olwdkY b0rsm;\ þtcsdefumvonf tvGefqdk;0g;í cufcJaom tcsdefumvwpfckjzpfNyD; olronf yHkrSeftm;jzifh pdwfysuftm;avsmhrIudk cHpm;cJh&aMumif; azmfjyajymqdkcJhonf/

- 80 -- 80 -- 80 -- 80 -- 80 -

ed*Hk;

rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'owpf0Srf;vkH;&Sd vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf trsdK;rsdK; uGJjym;jcm;em;aom? rsm;aomtm;jzifh ½IyfaxG;NyD; pdwfxdcdkuf'Pf&m&apaom vlukeful;cH&onfh tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk cHpm;Mu&onf/rsm;pGmaom olwdkYonf olwdkY\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;rS ausmfvTm;vGefajrmufí a&SUodkY qufoGm;Edkifa&;twGufolwdk Yudk ulnD&ef olwdk Y\ vlukeful;cH&onfh b0aemufydkif;wGif trsdK;rsdK;aom tultnDESifhtaxmuftyHhwdkYudk &&SdcJhMuonf/ rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf tvGeftjyKoabmaqmifaomvlukeful;cH&onfh b0aemufydkif;vrf;aMumif;rsm;udk awGUBuHKcJhMuonf/ vlrsm;onf tcsdefESifh udkufnDpGmem;vnfpmemonfh yHkpHrsKd;jzifh vlukeful;cH&oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;cH&onf/ vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemufcsufcsif;yif tultnD&&Sd&eftwGuf vTJajymif;ay;jcif;cH&NyD; tdrfjyef&ef ulnDjcif;cH&um olwdkY\Zmwd&yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;ESifh EdkifiHwGif olwdkY\ a&&SnfwnfwHhaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;odkYOD;wnfonfh taxmuftyHhESifh 0efaqmifrItajrmuftjrm;udk urf;vSrf;ay;tyfjcif;cHMu&onf/þavhvmcsuftwGuf awGUqHkar;jref;cJhaom vlukeful;cH&ol tcsKdUonf ,cktcg olwdkY\ rdom;pkrsm;ESifh&yf&GmvlYtzGJUtpnf;rsm;wGif atmifjrifpGm (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;cJhMuNyD; olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfhtawGUtBuHKrS a&SUodkY qufvufa&GUvsm;oGm;EdkifcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ tem*wf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; pDrHcsufrsm;ESifh rl0g'rsm;udk pDpOfa&;qGJ&mwGif þtawGUtBuHKrsm;ESifh ]]atmifjrifrIrsm;}} rS rsm;pGmavhvmoif,lEdkifrnfjzpfonf/

þta&;ygaom atmifjrifrIrsm;&Sdvifhupm; tvGefrsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;rSmtjyKoabmaqmifrI rsm;pGm avsmhenf;aom vlukeful;cH&onfh aemufydkif; tawGUtBuHKrsm;udk &&SdcJhMuonf/

xdkYjyif¤if;wdkYonf vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemuf tultnDESifh taxmuftyHhwdkYudkvnf; tcGifhxl; r&&SdcJhMuyg/ ta&;ygaom awGU&SdcsufwpfckrSm (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;vkyfief;pOfonf tNrJwapacsmarGUpGm rvkyfaqmifEdkifbJ trsdK;om;? odkYr[kwf? tjynfjynfqdkif&mOya'rsm;? rl0g'rsm;? pHowfrSwfcsufrsm;ESifh tajccHpnf;rsOf;rsm;\ twdkif;twmt&vnf; rvkyfaqmifEdkifyg/ Oyrmtm;jzifh - rsm;pGmaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;onf ulnDjcif; rcH&ay/ odkYr[kwf? avsmhenf;pGm ulnDjcif;cH&onf/ tvGefenf;yg;aom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;uom]]tvHk;pHkjynfhpHkonfh ulnDapmifha&SmufrI}}[k usKd;aMumif;qDavsmfpGmac:a0:Edkifonfht&mudk vufcH&&SdcJhonf/ tjcm;olrsm;onf tultnDudk jiif;y,fcJhMuonf/wpfcgwpf&HwGif tonf;toef vdktyfcsufrsm; BuHKawGUae&pOfüyif tultnDudk jiif;y,fcJhMuonf/ tb,hfaMumifhqdkaomf ¤if;onf olwdkY\ vdktyfcsufrsm;udk rjznfhqnf;ay;aomaMumifh? odkYr[kwf? vlukeful;cH&NyD;aemufolwdkY\ wu,hf b0tajctaeESifh rudkufnDaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ aemufxyf tjcm;olrsm;rSm0efaqmifrIrsm;\ t&nftaoG;ESifh twdkif;twm rjynhfrDaom pDrHcsufrsm;wGif tultnDudk vufcH&&SdcJhMuonf/ vlukeful;oltjzpf pdppfowfrSwfjcif;? tdrfodkYjyefydkYjcif;ESifh vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDay;jcif;tvkyfrsm;udk rnfodkY wdk;wufaumif;rGef&efESifh jr§ifhwif&efvkyfaqmif&rnfqdkonfhtcsufESifh ywfoufí tenf;qHk; r[kwfbJ þatmifjrifrI avsmhenf;aomtawGUtBuHKrsm;rS rsm;pGm avhvmoif,lEdkifrnf jzpfonf/

þavhvmcsufrS awGU&Sdcsufrsm;onf rnfonfhEdkifiH? tzGJUtpnf;? odkYr[kwf? tifpwDusL;&Sif;wpfcktwGufrQ oD;oefY r[kwfyg/ twdtusqdk&vQif ¤if;wdkYonf rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'o (6)EdkifiHwGif wpfEdkifiHcsif;pD&Sd vlukeful;cH&olrsm;u azmfxkwfwifjyaom bHkwlnDonfh taMumif;t&mrsm;ESifh udpö&yfrsm;udkudk,fpm;jyKonf/ aumif;rGefaom vufawGUusifhoHk; aqmif&GufrIrsm;pGm &Sdvifhupm; jyKjyifajymif;vJrIESifh

- 81 -- 81 -- 81 -- 81 -- 81 -

wdk;wufaumif;rGefatmif vkyfaqmifrItwGuf twdkif;twme,fy,f tajrmuftjrm;vnf; &Sdaeonf/tus,fjyefYqHk; twdkif;twmwGif þwdk;wufaumif;rGefatmif vkyfaqmifrIrsm;ESifh jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm;onf atmufygtaMumif;t&mrsm;tay:wGif A[dkjyKoifhonf/

(jyefvnf) 0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&; vkyfief;pOf&Sd pdefac:rI tcuftcJrsm;

rsufarSmuf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; vkyfief;pOfwGif ta&;ay:ESifh csufcsif;vufiif;jyKjyifaqmif&Guf&efvdktyfaom qufpyfvTrf;NcHKaeonfh udpö&yfrsm;ESifh pdefac:rI tcuftcJrsm;&Sdonf/¤if;wdkYteufrS ta&;wBuD;tjzpfqHk;rSm (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; wkefYjyefaqmif&GufrIudk pDpOfyHkESifh vkyfaqmifyHkwdkYaMumifh tultnD vdktyfcsufrsm;udk rjznfhqnf;ay;Edkifaom rsm;jym;aom ta&twGuf&Sdonfh vlukeful;cH&olrsm; jzpfMuonf/ ¤if;wGif ajrmufjrm;pGmaom ta&twGuf&Sdonfh vlrsm;onfulnDjcif; rcHMu&yg/ odkYr[kw?f avsmhenf;pGm ulnDjcif;cHMu&onf/ tjcm;olrsm;rSm (tvGeftrif;tultnDvdktyfaeaomfvnf;) tultnDudk jiif;y,fcJhMuonf/ tjcm;aom olwdkYrSm twif;tMuyfulnDjcif;cHMu&onf/ þtydkif;wGif owfrSwfazmfjyxm;aom udpö&yftcsdKUudk udkifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;onf- Oyrm? owif;tcsuftvufay;rIuif;rJhjcif;? tm;enf; cRwf,Gif;aom vTJajymif;jcif;? pDrHcefYcGJtkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&m twm;tqD;rsm;ESifh t&if;tjrpfrsm; csdKUwJhjcif; - þpdefac:csufrsm;ESifh udpö&yfrsm;udkajz&Sif;&mwGif tawmfyifc&D;aygufvdrfhrnf/ odkY&mwGif (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif&Sdaom pdefac:rItcuftcJrsm;udk atmifjrifausmfvTm;&efrSm EdkifiHwpfEdkifiHcsif;pDwGif ae&mcsxm;aom qufpyfvTrf;NcHKaeonfh (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;rlabmifudk *½kwpdkufqifjcifokH;oyf&efvnf; vdktyfonf/þodkYqifjcifokH;oyf&mwGif vuf&SdpDrHcsufrsm;ESifh rl0g'rsm;onf atmifjrifaom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;&v'frsm;udk rnfodkY taxmuftuljyKonf/(wpfcgwpf&H taxmuftulrjyK) qdkonfhtcsufyg0ifonf/ xdkYtjyif ¤if;onf ]]wpfBudrfwnf;}} vkyfaqmifrIwpfck rjzpfEdkifyg/ EdkifiHwpf EdkifiH$odkYr[kwf? a'o$ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;pDrHcsufrsm;ESifh rl0g'rsm;wGif&Sdaom pdefac:rItcuftcJrsm;udk ajc&maumuf&SmazGjcif;ESifh udkifwG,fajz&Sif;jcif;onf pOfqufrjywfvkyfief;pOfwpfckjzpfNyD; þaqG;aEG;csuf\ A[dkcsufü&Sdaom (trsdK;rsdK; uGJjym;jcm;em;onfh erlemvlOD;a&) vlukeful;cH&olrsm;udk qufvufí qufoG,fxdawGUae&ef vdktyfaom vkyfief;pOfwpfckjzpfonf/

yk* ¾ dKvfwpfOD;csif;tvdkuf (jyefvnf)0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&; 0efaqmifrIrsm;axmufyHUjcif; udpö&yfrsm;

jyefvnf0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif tvkyfvkyfvsuf&SdMuaom vufawGUvkyfudkifaqmif&Gufolrsm;onf vlukeful;cH&olrsm;tm; tvGefta&;ygaom 0efaqmifrIrsm;udk axmufyHhMuonf/ odkYaomfvnf; þ0efaqmifrIrsm;udk axmufyHh&mwGif ta&;ygaom udpö&yfrsm;&Sdonf/ 0efaqmifrIe,fy,f tm;vkH;wGif tcsdKUaom cdkifrmtm;aumif;onfh pDrHcsufrsm;&Sdvifhupm; wdk;wufaumif;rGefatmifESifh ydkí zGHYNzdK;wdk;wufatmif vkyfaqmif&ef vdkaeao;aom ae&muGufvyf&Sdonf/ þwdk;wufaumif;rGefatmifvkyfaqmifjcif;wGif pDrHcsuf0efxrf;rsm;tm; avhusifhoifMum;jcif;ESifh pGrf;&nfjr§ifhwifjcif;? toufarG;0rf;ausmif;tvkyfudk wm0ef,lvkyfaqmifjcif;ESifh vkHavmufaom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;t&if;tjrpfrsm; yg0ifywfoufrnfjzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif trsdK;rsdK;uGJjym;jcm;em;aom vlukeful;cH&olerlem

- 82 -- 82 -- 82 -- 82 -- 82 -

rsm;twGuf 0efaqmifrIrsm;rSm avsmfuefoifhjrwfrIESifh qDavsmfrI&SdzdkYaocsmap&ef ajymif;vG,fjyifvG,f&Sd&efvnf; vdktyfonf/ þ0efaqmifrIe,fy,frsm;wGif wdk;wufaumif;rGefatmif vkyfaqmifzdkY aocsmap&efrSm vlukeful;cH&ol yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;pD\ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;udk apmifhMunfhppfaq;jcif;ESifh ta&;BuD;aomtcsufrSm tpdk;&at*sifpDrsm;\ (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; tultnDay;rIudk EdkifiHtqifh apmifhMunfhppfaq;jcif;wdkYudkvnf; vdktyfrnfjzpfonff/

tm;vkH;aom pDrHcsuftaumiftxnfazmfrIESifh apmifhMunfhppfaq;rIwdkYudk usifh0wfpHowfrSwfcsufrsm;ESifhtnD wdk;jr§ifhí taumiftxnfazmfoifhonf/ usifh0wfpHowfrSwfcsufrsm;udk taumif;qkH;tm;jzifh Oya'xJwGif xnfhoGif;jy|mef;xm;oifhonf/

(jyefvnf)0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;wGif vkyfudkifaeMuaom vufawGYvkyfudkifaqmif&Gufolrsm;ESifUtmPmydkifrsm;\ tawG;tjrif? pGrf;aqmif&nfESifU tjyKtrlqdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;

vufawGUvkyfudkifaqmif&Gufolrsm;ESifh 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholrsm;onf rnfonfh (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;pDrHcsufwGifrqdk ta&;tBuD;qkH;aom t&if;tjrpfjzpfonf/ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;onf ½IyfaxG;NyD; vltiftm;rsm;pGmvdktyfaom vkyfief;pOfwpfckjzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif vlukeful;olrsm;ESifh umvMum&SnfpGm tvkyfvkyf&onfh uRrf;usifrIjrifhrm;aom? em;vnfodwwfaom? usifh0wfESifhnDaom? wm0ef,lpdwf&Sdaom toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Sifrsm; vkdtyfonf/ ¤if;onf þvdktyfcsuft& þ0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholrsm;\ ynm&Siftqifh wdk;wufzGHYNzdK;rIESifh pGrf;aqmif&nf&&Sd&ef &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrI vdktyfonf/ 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholrsm;\ pGrf;aqmif&nfESifh uRrf;usifrIt&nftcsif; wnfaqmufjcif;onf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; rnfuJhodkYjzpfay:yHktay:wGif csufcsif;vufiif; tusdK;oufa&mufrI&SdEdkifonf/ 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholrsm;\ rdrdudk,fudk rdrd xdef;odrf;apmifha&SmufrIonfvnf;ta&;BuD;onf/ ¤if;wdkY\ pdwfydkif;qdkif&m usef;rm&Tifvef;rIonf ulnDapmifha&SmufrI t&nftaoG;wdk;wufaumif;rGefa&;wGif tawmfyifc&D;a&mufzdkY aocsmaprnfjzpfonf/ toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Siftqifh pGrf;aqmif&nftaMumif; rnfonfh aqG;aEG;wifjycsufwGifrqdk wdkuf½dkufrazmfjyaomfvnf; &nfñTef;xm;aom tcsufrSm 0efaqmifrIaxmufyHholrsm; tydkif;wGif em;vnfpmemrIESifh usifh0wfESifhnDaom tjyKtrl&SdzdkY aocsmapjcif;yifjzpfonf/ (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;wGif vkyfudkifaeonfhtoufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Sifrsm; tm;vHk;taejzifh tjrifhqkH;aom toufarG;0rf;ausmif;qdkif&mESifhusifh0wfqdkif&mpHowfrSwfcsufudk pGJNrJpGm apmifhxdef;vdkufemap&eftwGuf wm0efcHrIpepfrsm; vdktyfonf/

vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;\ (jyefvnf)0ifqefhaygif;pnf;a&;wGiftvGefta&;BuD;aom udpö&yfrsm;

þavhvmcsufwGif vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;onf ododomom udk,fpm;jyKaeMuonf/ ¤if;rSma'owGif;ü uav;rsm;onf acgif;yHkjzwfjcif;cH&onfh tEÅ&m,fusa&mufaeNyD; vlukeful;cH&jcif;tjzpfodkYa&muf&ef rsm;jym;vSpGm tumtuG,frhJBuHKawGUae&onfqdkonfudk tcsufjyaejcif;jzpfonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyif ¤if;wdkY\ oD;oefYvdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh tajctaeudk wkefYjyefaqmif&GufrIonf tNrJwapvkHavmufatmif wdk;wufrI&Sd&ef rwlyg/ vlukeful;cH&oluav;rsm;udk olwdkY\ vlukeful;cH&onfhtawGUtBuHKrsm;rS a&SUqufoGm;&eftwGuf ydkí vkHavmufpGm ulnDaxmufyHh&ef olwdkY\ oD;oefYjzpfaom?

- 83 -- 83 -- 83 -- 83 -- 83 -

odkYaomfvnf; trsdK;rsdK;uGJjym;jcm;em;aom vdktyfcsufwdkYudk ydkítav;xm; tm½kHpdkuf&ef (ESifh t&if;tjrpfrsm;&Sd&ef) vdktyfonf/ ¤if;wGif uav;rsm;ESifh tvkyfvkyfaeaom vlukeful;rIwm;qD;umuG,fa&; toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm&Sifrsm;\ pGrf;aqmif&nfudk wdk;wufaumif;rGefatmifvkyf&efomruvlukeful;jcif;udk vlrIa&;umuG,fapmifha&SmufrI rlabmifxJodkY xnfhoGif;ay;&efvnf; yg0ifonf/¤if;rlabmifwGif tajccHrlt& b0&yfwnf&ef cufcJaom uav;i,frsm;ESifh tvkyfvkyf&mwGif txl;jyKuRrf;usifrIrsm; yHhydk;jznfhqnf;xm;oifhonf/ qef;ppfa0zef&vQif vlukeful;cH&ol uav;rsm;onf olwdkYudkulnD&ef pDpOfa&;qGJxm;aom (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; pDrHcsufrsm;\ wdk;wufzGHUNzdK;rIESifhapmifhMunfhppfaq;rIrsm;wGif (rdrd qEtavsmuf) yg0ifywfouf&ef vdktyfonf/ olwdkY\ yg0ifaqmif&GufrIESifh owif;tcsuftvuf xnfh0ifrI&SdrSomvQif (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&;pDrHcsufrsm;ESifh rl0g'rsm;onf olwdkY\ vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh tusdK;pD;yGm;rsm;udk jznfhqnf;ay;Edkifrnfjzpfonf/

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

þavhvmcsufwGif tusKH;0ifaom (6) EdkifiHwGif wpfEdkifiHcsif;pDü þtaMumif;t&m(4)csuf(ESifh ¤if;wdkYtwGif;ü jrKyf0ifaeaom udpö&yftajrmuftjrm;)udk rnfuJhodkY udkifwG,fajz&Sif;EdkifrnfESifhudkifwG,fajz&Sif;oifhonfqdkonfh tcsufrSm uGJjym;vdrfhrnfjzpfonf/ wpfEdkifiHcsif;pDwGif ae&mcsxm;aomuJGjym;jcm;em;onfh (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; vkyfief;rlabmifESifh wHkYjyefaqmif&GufrIwdkY&Sdonf/wpfEdkifiHcsif;pDonf (jyefvnf) 0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; ulnDaxmufyHhrIudk urf;vSrf;ay;tyfjcif;ESifh ywfoufí udk,fydkifoD;oefYjzpfaom tcGihftvrf;tpkrsm;ESifh pdefac:rItcuftcJtpkrsm; &SdMuonf/odkY&mwGifa'owpf0Srf;vHk;ü awGUqHkar;jref;cJhaom vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;rS wpfEdkifiHcsif;pDuavhvmoif,lEdkifaom t&mrsm;pGm&Sdonf/ xdkYjyif COMMIT tpkd;&rsm;onf a'owGif;ü vlukeful;rIwdkufzsuf&ef qufvufvkyfudkifaqmif&Gufaeonfjzpfí - a'owpf0Srf;vHk;&Sd vlukeful;cH&olrsm;\wu,ftppftrSef urÇmBuD;\ tawGUtBuHKrsm;rS aumufEkwfxm;aom- þawGU&Sdcsufrsm;onftem*wfumvwGif atmifjrifaom (jyefvnf)0ifqefYaygif;pnf;a&; vrf;aMumif;rsm;odkY yHhykd;jznfhqnf;ay;Edkifrnf[k arQmfvihf&ayonf/

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cover page of After trafficking report MYA · aom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh at*sifpDrsm;\ yg0ifxnfh0ifrIrsm;jzifh &efyHkaiGaxmufyhHcJhMuonf/ azmfjyyg tzJGUtpnf;rsm;tm; aus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf