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Counting Sunspots
Leif Svalgaard Project ASTRO
Aug. 3, 2013
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What We are Going to Cover Today
• How to find Sunspot Drawings on the Internet • How to Count Groups and Spots • How to Construct Your Own Sunspot Catalog • Making Graphs • Historical View • Questions & Answers • Looking Through a Real [Modern] Telescope
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Sunspot Drawings from Locarno http://www.specola.ch/e/drawings.html
Locarno, Switzerland
Click there
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Sunspot Drawings from Locarno
Click
Click
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This is the drawing
Click to see a larger version
Get to know his handwriting… Groups Spots Class Latitude
R = 10*g + f = 50+28 = 78
R Wolf = 0.6 * R = 51
Marco
2 7 1 1 2
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6
Kanzelhöhe
Locarno
Kanzelhöhe
7
11
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Mt. Wilson
25 Jul
6
63
69
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SDO/HMI
2013-Jul-26
W E Locarno
SDO/HMI
Mt. Wilson
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Enter your Estimates into a Table
SIDC [Solar Influences Data Analysis Center] is the Official Keeper of the International Sunspot Number. They produce daily [preliminary], monthly, and yearly reports and is the definitive source for Sunspot Numbers http://sidc.be/
Recall the ‘raw’ Relative Sunspot Number Definition: R = 10*groups + spots
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Here is a chart I maintain daily
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Counting Sunspots Only Becomes Real
Fun When You Make a Graph
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20
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60
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2013.500 2013.510 2013.520 2013.530 2013.540 2013.550 2013.560 2013.570
Sunspot Numbers for July 2013
LOC
SIDC
Leif NOAA
Rudolf Wolf Alfred Wolfer
http://spaceweather.com/
You can get the NOAA sunspot number daily from
It does not have the 0.6 k-factor
0.6
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And of Great Science Value When Graphed over Many Years (Centuries)
2009.0
Now
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Useful and Interesting Websites • http://sidc.be/products/meu/ • http://www.specola.ch/e/drawings.html • http://cesar.kso.ac.at/sunspot_drawings/ • ftp://howard.astro.ucla.edu/pub/obs/drawings • http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/ftpdir/indices/quar_DSD.txt • http://spaceweather.com/ • http://www.leif.org/research/ • http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/alerts/solar_indices.html • http://hirweb.nict.go.jp/sedoss/solact3 • http://wso.stanford.edu/
