i . " i : ;

Woshing~eportme~t of Natural Resources

Division of Geology and Earth Resources

Ba se from U,S . Topographic 1, 250,000 series

Wa lla Wallo Quad, 1953

45·

Edited, re viewed, and adjusted to 1·250 ,000 scale topog ra phic

base mo p by Kurt L. Othberg, Allen J . Fiksdo l 1 James G. RiQby,

and Glenndo Mclucas

l'ATC,.501,' :S .. ,

N 210

~MN

R _·;.., E

p l7 t

30' , 1 ,, 2' r

Open File Report OF 79-13

This report is preliminary and has not been formol ly edited or reviewed

llMJTOUSrO . "' f.' -"' E 45•

P <' '· r 119·00, 45

PLrMOUTI< 8 .,,

SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE WALLA WALLA QUAD, WASHINGTON

by

Newell P. _ Campbell, John T. Lillie, and Gary D. Webster

1979

0

0 5

SCALE

5

10

Contour Inter11al 200 Feet

10 Miles

15 Kilometers

7' .. , TO U. :!I 10 10/TZVILLI!" 12 "4 1

;'' .·,::_: ' .;,;

/ { / "J ' ,

,r1r zv11,.u: • .., ,

QI

Produced in cooperation with Rockwell Hanford Operations

and the U.S Deportment of Energy

"' 15·

' "

Note : See Companion Report

for discussions of st ru ctures .

Sout heast Quadrants

S1 4 - Buroker Quadrang le

S15- Touchet Quadrangle

- S-l E;- Zonger Junct ion Cuodrong h!

118 ' 00' 47 "00'

' ' '

l ,, I<

"" 30'

() N

Geo logy mopped in 1978-1979

Qd

Qa

Qaf

Ile

Qls

QI Qls

Qgd

? ?

Correlation of Map Units

Qfs

Ty

Qd . r ? -

[TI l ~ul~:'J

Qfg Qgl Qtb

?

Te

?

[Tl l 1?11 ~r J

?

Tc

?

DESCRIPTION Of lM'IITS

Qc

?

?

?

i 1l 0 I

DUNE SANO - Active and stabilized dunes of "predimonately fine to medium sand; mostly

quartz and basalt grains reworked from older sedimentary deposits.

ALLUVIUM - Primarily stream deposits of silt, sand, and gravel in floodplains, terraces,

and valley bottoms. Includes local lacustrine, paludal,. and eolian depoeits in

depressions .

ALLUVIAL FAN DEPOSITS - Primarily unconsolidated sand and gravel. Surface is relatively

undissected and exhibits little or no petrocalcic soil development (ca liche ).

COLLUVll.11- Primarily angular to subangular basaltic debris accumulated at the base of

steep slopes and cliffs. Includes talus and talus cones formed by active and inactive

rockfall.

LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS - Unstratified end poorly-sorted clay, silt, sand and gravel deposited

by rotational and translational sl ides and flO*s.

Ql LOESS - Loess deposits consisting of eolian silt and fine sand up to 75 meters in thickness.

[Jafo

Qfs

Qfg

Qtb

Qgl

Qgd

Qt

QTgt

Tt

Tr

Tc

Generally not mapped where less than approximately 2 ,reters thick. locally contains

multiple petrocalcic horizons and tephra beds.

OLDER ALLUVIAL FAN DEPOSITS - Primarily semi-consolidated gravel or fanglonerate. Surface

of fans are dissected and capped by well-developed petrocalcic soils (ca liche).

CATASTROPHIC FLOJO SLACK-WATER SEDIHE:NTS - Rhythmically bedded and graded silt, sand, and

gravel deposited by lower-energy s lack waters of catastrophic floods and(or ) surges of

catastrophic floods . Includes the Touchet beds.

CATASTROPHIC FLOOD GRAVELS - Predominantly coarse gravel and sand deposited by higher-energy

waters of catastrophic floods.

TERRACE AND BAR ()[POSITS, LNOIFFER£NTIAT[D Claciofluvial, fluvial, and ice-contact strat­

ified silt, sand, and gravel deposits of various lithologies in terraces and bars in

the valleys of the Columbia, Okanogan, and Spokane Rivers and tributaries. Includes

deposits of the Crest Terrace.

GLACIOLACUSTRINE TERRACE DEPOSITS - Silt, sand, and gravel deposited in glacial l akes that

formed along the Columbia, Okanog~~' and Spokane Rivers and their tributaries . In­

cludes deposits of the Nespelem Terrace. Surface of the terraces may exhibit local

modification b¥ fluvial and catastrophic floodwaters.

GLACIAL DEPOSITS - Till, outwash, and ice-cCN1tact stratified deposits in moraines, till

plain~, and melt-water channels and terraces.

TIETON ANDESITE - Andesitic flow of the lower Naches River drainage.

GRAVEL OF TERR ACE RE~ANTS - 1Gravel and coarse sand in remnants of high fluvial terraces

and alluvial fans within the Yakima River drainage basin. Includes the Cowiche gravel.

Age uncertain, but may be in part correlative with Thorp Gravel, Ellensburg Formation ,

Ringold Formation, and gravels of ancestral Columbia River (Tc).

THORP GRAVEL - Fluvial (? ) gravel in dissected high terraces and alluvial fans in the

Kittitas Valley. Probably correlative with the upper Ringold For111Btion.

RINGOLD FORMATIIJII - Fluvial and lacuetrine clay, silt, sand, conglomerate and fangloinerate

of diverse ccwnposition. Includes a cap of thick, well-developed petrocalcic soil

(caliche) . May be correlative with the uppermost Ellensburg FormatiCN1.

GRAVEL OF ANCESTRAL COLUHB~A RIVER Predominantly well-rounded pebble gravel. Columbia

River provenance indicated by a dominance of quartzite pebbles.

Te ELLENSBURG FORMATICN - Primarily weakly lithified fluvial and laharic deposits. Base un-

defined. Mapped CN1ly where they overlie the Yakima Basalt SubGroup. Dominated by

dacitic, andesitic, and pumiceous claets .

Ty YAKIMA BASALT SUBGRDUP - Lava flows of the Saddle Mountains , Wanapum, and Grande Ronde

pm

Basalt Formetions. Includes sedimentary interbeds of the Ellensburg and Latah

Formations, local colluvium, caliche, and ~idespread thin loess .

PRE-MIOCENE ROCKS, UNDIFFERENTIAT ED - Primarily Precambrian through Mesozoic metamorphic

and pluton1c rocks, and early Tert iary sedimentary and volcanic rocks.

Contact

Mop unit symbols, correlotions, and descriptions compiled by Kurt L . Othberg,

James G. Ri;by, and Gtennda Mclucas

Geologic Mapping of Late Cenozoic _Sediments , Columbia Basin, Washington

122°

~-+-----+-----+-~-•r Cao logic fllllWiny, l97B- 79, t>y N.P. Calll)be ll (area l} ; L.G. tti,..,,on

(area 2): E. P . Ki•ec, o.r . St r adlirMJ, ..--.d J.C. Rigt,y (area,); G.

0 . -'et>eter" (ares 4): end J. 1 . ll llie (erea 5 ). The ',eology of

lhe north central -'alla Walla (luadr8n!jle, a-od the eootJi central

Ritzvill" Quadr""9l" ns field chec ked, si11plif ied, and ger>eral­

i~ed froo Grol ier llnd 9ingt>&m ( 197 1). Th$ geology of ttie south-

8Hlero porti on of the Wenatchee Cluadrl>n<]le ~a~ field cr.ecked,

ai,-plified, and qeoera lized fr""' l abor ..-,<1 ot hers ( 1977 ).

Grolier , 11.J .; Singha11, J .11. , 1971. Geol"'lic nap and sections of

pans of Grant, ~oe,,,a Ml<:! ftao~ lin Count ies, \/a!lhir,gton, U.S.

Geological Survey lliscel!IW\l!rus Geologic Investigations f'lop l-509,

6 shee t s, 9Ca le, 1,62.500 .

l abor, R.W. ; and ot l'lan, 1977, Preli•insry geologic aap of U,e

Wenatchee 1,100,00 Ouadr ""'3 le, Washington, U.S. Geol ogical

Suroey Open-file Report 77-531 , 24 p .

OFR