Contents · Web viewLegend: CL - Conditional Love. TL - True Love. SAL - Sacrificial Love. PEL - Petrarchan Love. SEL - Self-love. F - Friendship. SIL - Sibling love. SUL - Superficial

LARTS NOTES

ContentsQUOTES 2

ORSINO 2OLIVIA 4VIOLA 5FESTE 6MARIA 8SIR TOBY 9MALVOLIO 10ANTONIO 12SEBASTIAN 14SIR ANDREW 15

WRITING COMPOS (According to theme) 16LOVE 16

PETRARCHAN (ORSINO) 16SELF LOVE (MALVOLIO) 20SACRIFICIAL LOVE (ANTONIO & OLIVIA) 24

DECEPTION 26CONFLICT 26REVENGE 26

SPECIAL QUOTES 27DENZEL 27

Legend:CL - Conditional LoveTL - True Love SAL - Sacrificial Love PEL - Petrarchan Love

SEL - Self-love F - Friendship SIL - Sibling love SUL - Superficial loveC- Conflict DCP - Deception DIS - Disguise

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QUOTESORSINOPEL

“If music be the food of love, play on”

Orsino is not actually in love with Olivia, instead he is merely in love with the idea of love

PEL

“Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, the appetite may sicken and so die”

Orsino wants to indulge himself in love, so much that it may diminish. This shows how self-indulgent he is

PEL

“Enough no more” highlights contrast with “give me excess of it”, shows that Orsino is fickle-minded

PEL

“So full of shapes is fancy, that it alone is high fantastical (Love comes in many forms)”

Orsino is melancholic and he describes love as something that is marvelous.

PEL

“My desires, like fell and cruel hounds, e’er since pursue me”

Orsino sees love as a desire that pursues him and makes him suffer

PEL

“Liver, brain and heart” Orsino sees Olivia as parts of a body and does not see her as a person, Orsino is superficial

PEL

“These sovereign thrones” Orsino sees Olivia as a throne to conquer, Orsino’s love for Olivia is not true love

PEL

“Her sweet perfections with one self king”

Orsino is self-absorbed, desperate for Olivia’s love and insensitive as he does not care for the death of Olivia’s brother



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PEL

“Be clamorous and leap all civil bounds rather than make unprofited return"

Orsino is very desperate for Olivia’s love, shows that he is very insensitive

PEL

“Here comes the Countess, now heaven walks on earth”

“heaven walks on earth” is personification, shows how highly Orsino thinks of Olivia’s looks→Idolatry/worship

PEL

“Still so cruel?” Orsino sees Olivia as cruel just because she doesn't love him back lol

C “Her husband, sirrah?” “sirrah”→diction to show how Orsino feels betrayed by Cesario

C “O thou dissembling cub” zoomorphism to emphasize that Orsino thinks Cesario is cunning

C “Farewell, and take her; but direct thy feet Where thou and I henceforth may never meet”

rhyming couplet emphasizes Orsino’s jealousy, anger and hatred

C “One face, one voice, one habit, and two persons!”

repetition of the word “one” highlights how similar they look, highlights Orsino’s confusion

CL “Boy, thou hast said to me a thousand times”

Even though Orsino knows that Cesario is actually a woman, he still addresses her as “boy”, shows that Orsino is very superficial



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OLIVIASEL “I will give out divers

schedules of my beauty”Olivia thinks that she is very good-looking

SEL “Is’t not well done?” Olivia thinks of her own looks very highly

PEL “How apt the poor are to be proud”

Olivia says that Cesario, being a servant dares to be proud and make her feel that way (desperate)

SUL “Mine eye too great a flatterer for my mind”

Olivia only cares about looks

PEL “Plight me the full assurance of your faith”

Olivia is desperate for love

Pity “He hath been most notoriously abus’d”

Olivia still cares for Malvolio, who is her most loyal servant

Pity “Alas, poor fool, how have they baffled thee”

Olivia still cares for Malvolio



4

VIOLA

TL “And I most jocund, apt, and willingly, to do you rest, a thousand deaths would die”

Viola’s love for Orsino is sacrificial as she puts others’ needs before her own

DIS “Conceal me what I am”

Viola’s true love for Orsino causes her to be willing to sacrifice her sight for him

TL “After him I love, More than I love these eyes, more than my life”

Viola’s true love for Orsino causes her to be willing to sacrifice her sight for him

TL “Whoe’er I woo, myself would be his wife”

Viola’s sacrificial love for Orsino causes her to help Orsino woo Olivia despite the fact that she loves Orsino

Pity

“What thriftless sighs shall poor Olivia breathe?”

Viola is sympathetic and identifies with Olivia as a woman

C “O time, thou must untangle this, not I”

Viola realises the consequences of her disguise and realises that she cannot solve the problems herself



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FESTEAvR “Nothing that is so, is so” Feste makes a wise

statement that sums up the theme of appearance being different from reality, a wise man pretending to be a fool

AvR “Better a witty fool than a foolish wit.” Feste is able to use wordplay to outwit other characters

AvR “I wear not motley in my brain” Feste only appears foolish on the surface

C “And thus the whirligig of time brings in his revenges”

Feste is wise enough to point out the cyclical nature of revenge, revenge is portrayed to be cyclical

AvR “As there is no true cuckold but calamity. So beauty’s a flower”

Feste is able to see the cyclical nature of revenge which other characters cannot do

AvR “Thy mind is a very opal” Feste is able to point out character flaws, he points out that Orsino is very fickle minded and that he changes his interests quickly



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AvR “Her name’s a word, and to dally with that word might make my sister wanton. But indeed, words are very rascals since bonds disgraced them”

Feste uses wordplay to confuse other characters

AvR “Send thee a beard!” Feste is omniscient-like, shows awareness of Cesario’s disguise

AvR “Journeys end in lovers meeting” Feste’s observation skills allow him to see the truth of the matter

DCP “There is no darkness but ignorance” Feste’s paradoxes are used to confuse people for his own amusement

DCP “Transparent as barricadoes” Feste’s paradoxes make no sense and they confuse Malvolio

DCP “Clerestories toward the south-north are as lustrous as ebony”

Feste’s paradoxes make no sense and they confuse Malvolio



7

MARIA

TL "That quaffing and drinking will undo you."

Maria is concerned for Sir Toby and worries for his health

TL "Nay, good Sir Toby” Maria addresses Sir Toby as “good”, which is a very endearing term, highlights how much Maria cares for Sir Toby

C “Gull him into a nayword”, “common recreation”

Maria is very cunning (Maria’s intention for the prank)

- "That if one break, the other will hold: or if both break, your gaskins fall."

Maria is witty as she comes up with a comeback to Feste, Maria is quick-witted, intelligent

C “All that look on him love him: and on that vice in him will my revenge find notable cause to work”

Maria is cunning and she exploits Malvolio's self-love against him



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SIR TOBY- “Cakes and ale” Sir Toby is hedonistic

DCP “Not to be abed after midnight is to be up betimes”

Sir Toby is manipulative and he is a bad influence, uses deception to get Sir Andrew to continue drinking

DCP “I’ll ride your horse as well as I ride you” Sir Toby is so manipulative that his control when riding on a horse mirrors his control over Sir Andrew, toxic friendship

DCP “Three thousand ducats” Sir Toby only befriends Sir Andrew for his money, toxic friendship

DCP “My dear knight” Sir Toby calls Sir Andrew his “dear knight” to make him think that he is a true friend

DCP “An ass-head and a coxcomb and a knave, a thin-faced knave, a gull”

Sir Toby shows his true feelings toward Sir Andrew, contrast with “dear knight”



9

MALVOLIOC “I marvel your ladyship takes delight in such

a barren rascal” Malvolio thinks of himself as higher than others

C “My masters, are you mad?” Malvolio does not respect the knights, thinks he is more important than them

C “Have you no wit, manners, nor honesty, but to gabble like tinkers at this time of night”

highlights that Malvolio does not give any respect to the knights

SL “Tis but fortune, all is fortune” Malvolio thinks that everything is going the way he wants

SL “She did affect me” Malvolio thinks that everyone would like him

SL “One of my complexion” Malvolio thinks that he is very good-looking

SL “To be Count Malvolio” Malvolio thinks that he is worthy enough to be a Count, Malvolio is delusional

SL “Austere regard of control” Malvolio thinks that he is more important than Sir



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Toby and wants to be able to control them

SL “M.O.A.I doth sway my life” Malvolio thinks that the world revolves around him and that everything goes well for him as he links the acronym M.O.A.I to himself

C “Never was man thus wronged” Malvolio thinks that he did not do anything wrong to deserve punishment, cannot see his own faults

SL “Ay, good fool” Malvolio only addresses people with respect when he needs their help

C “Madam, you have done me wrong, Notorious wrong”

Diction of “notorious” emphasizes the extent of his anger, repetition of “wrong” emphasizes his extent of anger, Malvolio feels betrayed

SL “Lighter people” Malvolio still thinks of himself as more important than the knights

C “I’ll be reveng’d on the whole pack of you” Malvolio promises to take revenge on Sir Toby and friends, Malvolio still does not learn his lesson



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SEL “You are idle, shallow things; I am not of your element”

Malvolio thinks that he is of a higher social class than the knights

ANTONIOSAL “Take my purse” Antonio is willing to sacrifice

his own money just to help Sebastian

SAL “If you will not murder me for my love, let me be your servant”

Antonio’s friendship for Sebastian is so great that he would rather die than not follow Sebastian, diction in “murder” highlights how strong Antonio’s love is

SAL “I have many enemies in Orsino’s court”, “the danger shall seem sport”

Antonio’s friendship for Sebastian is so great that he is willing to sacrifice his own safety to accompany Sebastian

CL “Do not tempt my misery, lest that it make me so unsound a man as to upbraid you with those kindnesses that I have done for you”

Antonio expects something in return for treating Sebastian well

SUL “But O how vile an idol proves this god! Thou hast, Sebastian, done good feature shame.”

Antonio is superficial and only likes Sebastian for his looks

TL “I take the fault on me: If you offend him, I for him defy you”

Antonio is protective, sacrificial, loyal, brave



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SAL “His love dares yet do more” Antonio’s love for Sebastian is so great that he is willing to murder

CL “Most venerable worth, did I devotion” Antonio feels betrayed, disappointed

TL “My love, without retention or restraint” Antonio claims that he gave Sebastian everything he could offer without leaving anything for himself

CL “Will you deny me now?” Antonio feels betrayed when he does not get his purse back, contrast with “my love, without retention or restraint”, highlights the difference between conditional love and unconditional love

CL “Most ingrateful boy” Antonio feels betrayed by “Sebastian” (mistaken identity), contrast with “my love, without retention or restraint”



13

SEBASTIAN

SIL“Thrice welcome drowned Viola” Sibling love makes one

affectionate

AvR “Are all the people mad?” mistaken identity can lead to one’s confusion

F “My stars shine darkly over me” Sebastian thinks he is unlucky and hence does not want Antonio to follow him, shows the extent of his friendship as he cares for the safety of Antonio

SUL “If it be thus to dream, still let me sleep”

Even though Sebastian only met Olivia for a very short period of time, he is attracted to Olivia only because of her looks and hopes that he can continue being with Olivia

AvR “How the hours have rack’d and tortur’d me”

Sebastian complains about suffering without Antonio but he was actually enjoying his time with Olivia

SUL “Madam I will” Sebastian agrees to be with Olivia despite having just met her, only cares about looks

C / AvR “Why, there's for thee, and there, and

there.”

Sebastian is angered by Sir Andrew’s sudden hitting him and hits Sir Andrew back, mistaken identity leads to conflict

AvR “Vent thy folly” Sebastian is bothered by Feste



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due to him being mistaken for Viola



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SIR ANDREW

C “Pistol him, pistol him” Sir Andrew is aggravated by Malvolio, showing that he is sensitive to him being made fun of

- “Good Mistress Mary Accost,” Sir Andrew mistakes what Maria meant and addresses her wrongly repeatedly, showing his idiocrasy

DCP “I’ll stay a month longer” Deception by Sir Toby causes Sir Andrew to be manipulated easily, Sir Andrew is foolish and cannot see Sir Toby’s deception, toxic friendship

F “I'll help you, Sir Toby, because we’ll be dressed together.

This shows that Sir Andrew genuinely wants to help Sir Toby, despite him being in a toxic relationship

- “So could I too” Sir Andrew is not opinionated and just follows what Sir Toby says as he does not know what to say”

“What is the meaning of ‘accost’, “What is the meaning of ‘pourquoi’”

Sir Andrew is not very intelligent



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WRITING ESSAYS (according to theme)

LOVETRUE LOVETOPIC SENTENCES

True love is presented as loyalty to the subject of one’s love

True love is presented as unconditional, even when it is unrequited

True love is presented as unchanging

True love is presented as sacrificial

FRIENDSHIPTOPIC SENTENCES

Friendship is presented as sacrificial

Friendship can be in genuine

Friendship can be toxic

Friendship can be generous

PETRARCHAN (ORSINO)TOPIC SENTENCES

Petrarchan love causes someone to fall in love with the idea of love rather than truly loving the person

Petrarchan love makes one self-indulgent

Petrarchan love objectifies others

Petrarchan love is portrayed as suffering for love



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Petrarchan love makes one endlessly pursue someone’s love

Petrarchan love makes one sacrifice things that are precious to them

Petrarchan love makes one desperate for love

Petrarchan love makes one insensitive



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PEELS

Makes one fickle In Orsino’s monologue about love in act 1 scene 1 he want to be given “excess of it[music]”, so that his appetite “may sicken, and so die”

The diction used in “sicken” and “die” shows that Orsino is desire for love is so strong to the extent that it makes him sick of it and he will do anything to get rid of it

However, Orsino later says that the music is “not so sweet as it was before” which shows that he did not listen to the music to get rid of his desire for love but on the contrary to feed it.

Shakespeare’s use of juxtaposition mirrors Orsino’s fickle minded and contradictory nature, and show how he changes his mind easily

Cause internal conflict Petrarchan love often causes one to be obsessed with the idea of love and makes them feel hopeless and vulnerable against the sheer magnitude of it and thus causes their suffering



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Orsino feels daunted by the volatility and unpredictably of the sea as when he monologue about his love in act 1 scene 1, he says that love is as “receiveth as the sea” and says that he feels vulnerable in the face of it, as seen by how he says that his desires “pursue him”

Orsino compares the nature of love to nature itself using flowery language such as “sweet bed of flowers” and “canopied with bowers” drawing a connection between the two showing how love is relentless, unstoppable and uncontrollable

Shakespeare uses diction and metaphors to illustrate Orsino’s dramatic and exaggerated view of love

Orsino pities himself for being unable to comprehend this complex ideal he has created, indulging in self-pity for indeed being chased by his own desires

Causes one to be desperate Petrarchan love often causes one to desire for love desperately and make them do anything just to receive love

This can be seen by how Orsino will



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stop at no means to get Olivia’s love even if it means sending countless people or killing people just to attain her love

When Orsino sends Cesario to woo Olivia, he tells him to “Be not denied access” and orders him to “stand at her doors and tell them there thy fixed foot shall grow till thou have audience” and tells him to “leap all civil bounds” and to not make “unprofited return”

The diction shows that Orsino is resort use any uncivil methods and dishonour his status as a noble count just to achieve Olivia’s love

Also when Orsino was having a monologue about his love for Olivia, he describes his desires as “fell and cruel, e’er since pursue me” this shows how Orsino thinks that he is suffering for Olivia’s love and that he has a strong desire for love and he will do anything to get it



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SELF LOVE (MALVOLIO)TOPIC SENTENCES

Self-love makes one proud

Self-love can lead to one’s downfall

Self-love makes one superficial

Self-love makes one think of himself as above others

Self-love makes one sacrifice others around them

Self-love causes one to prioritise their emotions above others



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PEELS

Self-love leads to one’s downfall Self-love tends to make one be overconfident in their abilities and thus can be exploited by others and be used against them

Maria knows that Malvolio think that “all that look on him love him” and uses that to her advantage to “gull him into a nayword” making him a “common recreation”

When Maria plants a letter to trick Malvolio into believing that Olivia love him, Malvolio immediately fall for it, thinking that it was meant to be and that he will rise to greatness and attain a position alongside Olivia

Thus he follows every word in the letter, rushing in to see Olivia in “yellow stockings” and “cross-garting”, ultimately causing him to be humiliated, with Olivia saying that this is ridiculous for someone of his status and Sir Toby calling him names such as “bawcock” and “chuck”

The zoomorphism of Malvolio as a



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chicken shows how much of a fool Malvolio has become and shows how his arrogance has led to his downfall

Self-love often causes one to be obsessed with their own self-perceived greatness, thus causing them to have very unrealistic beliefs of themselves and make a lot of irrational decisions.

This can be seen by how Maria writes a letter to Malvolio to trick him into thinking that Olivia has fallen in love with him, making him reveal his true nature as a self-loving, narcissistic person

Malvolio fantasises about his rise to greatness, as seen by how he views himself fitting of a position alongside Olivia, “To be Count Malvolio!” and to be able to “[call his] officers about [him], making them do his bidding.

This monologue highlights Malvolio’s deepest motives and desires, as well as his true perception of himself without the influence of external comments, showing us how highly Malvolio truly regards himself as.

Thus when Malvolio finds a fake anonymous letter from Maria documenting Olivia’s fictional confession of her feelings, he immediately falls for it and believes that it is addressed to him, without even



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doubting the authenticity of the letter.

He clearly believes that all things is tailored for him to achieve his imaginary greatness, and is willing to manipulate the letter to suit his wishes as seen by how he mould the words “M.O.A.I” to suit his name

This dramatic irony proves how ignorant Malvolio is and shows clearly how delusional and blind he is as he can be easily swayed when given the chance to marry Olivia



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SACRIFICIAL LOVE (ANTONIO & OLIVIA)PEELS

Makes one generous When Antonio and Sebastian arrives in Illyria, Antonio worries for Sebastian’s safety and well-being as the one of the first thing he does is to “go see your[his] lodging” and he even help paying for Sebastian, giving him “my[his] purse” and allow him “haply your eye shall light upon some toy”

This shows Antonio’s great sacrificial love for Sebastian and that he is willing to sacrifice money to help Sebastian and this shows he’s generosity as he is so kind-hearted toward Sebastian and he has great love for him as seen by how he is so concerned for Sebastian

Makes one loyal At the climax of the play, Orsino thinks that viola has betrayed him by “screw[ing] me[him] from my[his] true place in your[Olivia’s] favour” and he becomes so incensed that he says he will “sacrifice the lamb that I[he] do love” just to “spite” Olivia

Even this does not deter Viola’s love for Orsino as she says that “I[she] most



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jocund, apt and willingly, to do you rest a thousand deaths would die”

Shakespeare’s use of hyperbole shows Viola’s selflessness and that she will do anything to please her master Orsino and grant him the peace he has been looking for so long, even if it means sacrificing her chance to be with him

This exemplifies how Viola puts her interests above Orsino’s

Also despite being betrayed by Orsino, Viola still announces that “After him I[she] love, more than I[she] love these eyes, more than my[her] life”

The repetition of more in this shows how much Viola loves Orsino and show that even if her life is at risk, she still loves Orsino and is willing to overlook Orsino’s darker side



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DECEPTIONCONFLICTTOPIC SENTENCES

Conflict is portrayed to make one make use of other people’s flaws for one’s own self-interest

Conflict results in others’ humiliation

Conflict causes one to be rude to others

REVENGETOPIC SENTENCES

Revenge is portrayed to be cyclical

Revenge makes use of others’ flaws for own personal self-interest

Revenge is long-lasting

Revenge is carried out for one’s own entertainment



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Documents

Contents · Web viewLegend: CL - Conditional Love. TL - True Love. SAL - Sacrificial Love. PEL - Petrarchan Love. SEL - Self-love. F - Friendship. SIL - Sibling love. SUL - Superficial