Conjunctions

7/18/2019 Conjunctions

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Take a look at these lines taken fr

excerpt of THE PROPHET by K

GIBRA an! ans"er the #$estion

follo"%



&ork is lo'e ma!e 'isible% An! if yo$

"ork "ith lo'e b$t only "ith !istaste( it i

that yo$ sho$l! lea'e yo$r "ork an! si

)ate of the temple an! take alms of tho

"ork "ith *oy% • What is said about "ork in the paragraph?

• What are the better things to do if one cannot wbut only with distaste?

• How many ideas are given to answer question n• What word is used to connect these ideas?• How do we call this word that connects ideas?



L/O/G/O

ConjunctionsConjunctions




Coordinate

Conjunctions

Coordinate

ConjunctionsSubordinat

Conjunction

Subordinate

Conjunction

Two Types

Coordinating

conjunctions tie together

words and word-groups

which have the same

grammatical construction.

t is the part of speech that connects words! p

clauses.



The Different Coordinating

Conjunctions


Conjunctions

FOR AD OR

!"T OR #$T

SO




Conjunctions


Conjunctions

AD

!"T OR

SO



$%amples& Coordinating Conjunctions$%amples& Coordinating Conjunctions

study

mathematics and history .

We san) and

!ance! heartily.

"he b

was olsoil

'erbs Adjectoun

Coordinating conjunctions tie together words and wor

have the same grammatical construction.



$%amples& Coordinating Conjunctions$%amples& Coordinating Conjunctions

"hey worked

rapi!ly butcaref$lly .

He went into the

water and downto the bottom.

They "

lon) timnobo!y

(hrases ClausAdverbs

Coordinating conjunctions tie together words and wor

have the same grammatical construction.



The AND typeThe AND type

And is used to add something to what has alrea

said. t should be used only when the second idea

the same line of thought as the first idea

"he man was ugly and mean.

#$ample%

"he words ugly and mean are both nega

qualities.

Coordinating conjunctions tie together words and word-groups whgrammatical construction.



The AND typeThe AND type

And is used to add something to what has already bee

should be used only when the second idea is along the

of thought as the first idea.

&he is attractive and bad tempered .

#$ample%

"he sentence is faulty because attracti'e is a positive qu

ba! tempere! is a negative quality.

Coordinating conjunctions tie together words and word-groups whichgrammatical construction.



The But typeThe But typeBut adds something contrary to or different from what has

When we use and ! the second part of the sentence e$pres

similar to the first. When we use but ! the second part of th

e$presses an idea that is the contrast to the first

$%ample& He is stupid but hardworki

$%planation

• +t$pi! e$presses a negative quality w

har!"orkin) e$presses positive qual• "he second idea is constructive.




The OR typeThe OR type

'ou can cometoday or

tomorrow.

'ou can cometoday or

tomorrow.

$%amples$%amples

can goas pl

can go as ple

• Or implies a choice.

• t connects ideas of equal value! giving one a chchoose either idea.




The SO typeThe SO type

"he con(unction so is used

when the second part is aconsequence or effect of the

first part. "he so type differs

from the and type! which

implies the same line of thoughtand from the but type! which

implies a contrast. So implies

that the second part follows as

a result of the first part.

He shoso ha

listen

him

Coordinating conjunctio

and word-groups whic

grammatical co



Activity )& CO$CT *$ +F +,* R+-.TActivity )& CO$CT *$ +F +,* R+-.T"sing the Correct Coordinating Conjunctions

Directions& What coordinating con(unctions should connect these clauses? Write

the space provided for you.

))) *. t was raining. We did not go out.

))) 2. t was a warm day. We took off our sweaters.

))) +. He was an e$travagant person. He did not spend all

))) ,. He was an e$travagant person. He spent his money

))) . "ell the truth. will punish you. ))) . "ell the truth. /ll not punish you.

))) 0. 1nton lost his book. He didn/t look for it.

))) . 'ou will hand in your theme on time. /ll impose a pe

))) 3. 4osie studied hard for the test. &he got a good grade

))) *5. 'ou are not paying attention. "he teacher will scold



Activity )& CO$CT *$ +F +,* R+-.TActivity )& CO$CT *$ +F +,* R+-.T"sing the Correct Coordinating Conjunctions

Directions& What coordinating con(unctions should connect these clauses? Write

the space provided for you.

))) *. t was raining. We did not go out.

))) 2. t was a warm day. We took off our sweaters.

))) +. He was an e$travagant person. He did not spend all his money.

))) ,. He was an e$travagant person. He spent his money foolishly.

))) . "ell the truth. will punish you.

))) . "ell the truth. /ll not punish you. ))) 0. 1nton lost his book. He didn/t look for it.

))) . 'ou will hand in your theme on time. /ll impose a penalty.

))) 3. 4osie studied hard for the test. &he got a good grade.

))) *5. 'ou are not paying attention. "he teacher will scold you.

SO

SO

!"T

AD

AD

OR

!"T

OR

SO

SO



AssignmentAssignment

• What is a subordinate con(unction?

• How does it function in a sentence?




Coordinate

Conjunctions

Coordinate

ConjunctionsSubordinat

Conjunction

Subordinate

Conjunction

Two Types

Coordinating conjunctions tie

together words and word-groups

which have the same

grammatical construction.

t is the part of speech that connects words! phrases

clauses.

Th Diff C di i




Conjunctions


Conjunctions

FOR AD OR

!"T OR #$T

SO

ff CTh Diff t C di ti




Conjunctions


Conjunctions

AD

!"T OR

SO



Take a look at these lines taken from the excerpPROPHET by KHALIL GIBRA an! ans"er the

that follo"%



• 6! you bake bread with indi!!erence! you

bitter bread that feeds but half man7s hunge

• ! you grudge the crushing o! the grapes

grudge distils a poison in the wine8

*. How many ideas are (oined in the first lines? What are those?2. What about in the second line?

+. 9oes the first part of every sentence convey a complete thought? W

,. What word is used to introduce the first part of the sentence? What

the sentence?



SubordinatorsSubordinatorsSubordinators are function words that (oin dependent clau

main clauses.

They are of two types& those that pattern li/e because and f

pattern li/e who0 whom0 whose0 which and that1

"hese words not only introduce the subordinate clause but link it to

clause. "heir chief function is to make clear e$actly what the relationthe two clauses is.

The chief relations they show are time0 place0 cause0 r

e%ception0 condition0 and alternative1



.ere are the subordinate conjunc

after

although

as

because

before

even though

if! even if

in order that

once

provided that

since

so :that implied;! so tha

than

that

though

unless

when! whenever

where! wherever! wher

whether

while



so that

in order that

in case

"hey read that they may learn.

"hey read! so that they may learn

Subordinating Conjunctionse%press various logical relationships

such as&


such as&

(urpose



because

since

whereas

inasmuch as

He failed because he did not

He could not stand the wind and ra

fell ill.


such as&


such as&

Cause

and

$ffect



as

as if

as though

in such a way that

"ess is acting as i! she knows ev


such as&


such as&

*anner



if even if

unless

in case

in the event that

! you go with me! /ll treat you to

/ll not speak to you unless you go


such as&


such as&

Condition

S b di i C j i



here

wherever

don/t know where los


such as&


such as&

(lace



adjectival subordinate clausesadjectival subordinate clauses

"hey are introduced by the pronouns who!

whose! which and that.

$ l$ l



$%amples$%amples

"he boy who won the pri"e is my cous

4aqueline is one of the people whom in

"he boys apologi<ed to the man whose window

had broken.







Activity )& CO$CT *$ +F +,* R+-.TActivity )& CO$CT *$ +F +,* R+-.TSupplying the Appropriate Subordinating Conjunctions

Directions& What subordinating con(unctions should connect these clauses? =hoose from

con(unction inside the bo$. Write your answer on the space provided for yo

if that

when unless

although because

since wherever

))) *. &he could not go out. &he felt ill.

))) 2. We went out. "he rain stopped.

))) +. &he did not know. &he lost her watch.

))) ,. "he child is crying. He has been punished.

))) . &he was not sure. &he could go.






if that

when unless

although because

since wherever

))) . &he didn/t wear her new shoes. Her mother told her to

))) 0. t was growing dark. &he reached home.

))) . /ll attend your party. 'ou invite me.

))) 3. /ll buy that picture. t is very pretty.

))) *5. &he has a lot of books. &he doesn/t read them.






if that

when unless

although because

since wherever

))) *. &he could not go out. &he felt ill. ))) 2. We went out. "he rain stopped.

))) +. &he did not know. &he lost her watch.

))) ,. "he child is crying. He has been punished.

))) . &he was not sure. &he could go.

because

when

that

because

if






if that

when unless

although because

since wherever

))) . &he didn/t wear her new shoes. Her mother told her t

))) 0. t was growing dark. &he reached home.

))) . /ll attend your party. 'ou invite me.

))) 3. /ll buy that picture. t is very pretty.

))) *5. &he has a lot of books. &he doesn/t read them.

although

when

since

because

although



AssignmentAssignment

>repare for an activity on coordinat

and subordinating con(unctions.



L/O/G/O

Than/ #ou2Than/ #ou2

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Conjunctions