Complete Project Rabia Fozia

8/13/2019 Complete Project Rabia Fozia

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Final Project i Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

Business Research

Final project

Brand Selection in UnplannedShopping

Being an assignment presented in part requirement for MBA at the

University f !ducation

Presented by:

"#Fo$ia Saleem

%#Sana &a$

'#Ra(ia Samar

Resource Person:

)e declare that this report is* in entirety* our o+n +or,* that it has not previously(een presented* in +hole or part* for any other a+ard* or pu(lished* in +hole or part

else+here-.

Fo$ia*Sana*Ra(ia


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Final Project ii Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

In the name of Allah, the most Merciful &Beneficial,

The Master of Liberality & Beneficence,

The Gracious & Obligor,

The Granter of Peace & Security,

The Holy & above all efects,

The Master of !is"om & Manifestation,

The Master of Mercy & Satisfaction,

The Master of #rgument & Proof,

The Master of Gran"eur & $oyalty,

The %in" & Helful,

The Par"oner & 'orgiver(((((

Fo$ia*Sana*Ra(ia


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Final Project iii Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

DedicatedDedicatedTo:To:

Our Honorable Teachers & Loving Parents

!hose,

Love, #ffection, Motivation, Patience, Suort

&

Siritual Insiration

Give us )ncouragement,

To all those Peole *ho have +uenche" for %no*le"ge,

To all those *ho have "e"icate" their lives to others,

To all of those *ho have serve" an" sacrifice" for

Sae of 'ree"om

To all of those eole, *ho may be gone no*,

But they *ill never be

'orgotten((((

Fo$ia*Sana*Ra(ia


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Final Project iv Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

AcknowledgementAcknowledgement

Thans an" again thans to #llah #lmighty, *ho ulle" us through

the times *hen every stone *as turne" against us( Hean" only He

"a*ne" ne* hori-ons for us *hen the "arest fog ma"e us blin", *ho is

really the Best Manager of the entire universe( !ithout His

consent, nothing is ossible(

Than .ou #llah #lmighty(

Thans from the recesses of our hearts to our Most $esecte" Teacher,Mr.Rai Imtiaz

for his /ntiring efforts( His 0aluable Gui"ance an" Precious #"vices are

rare #ssets for /s(

Many eole contribute" i"eas, samles an" a"vice, so many in fact that

it is simly not easy to name them all( Therefore, *e *ish to than here

the members of our families, relatives an" *ho ha" to en"ure the most

"uring the rearation of this assignment, *hich too lace at o"" hours

of the early mornings an" late nights(

!e also offer heartiest thans to our reson"ents *hose cooeration an"

atience hele" us to mae this ro1ect a hay en"ing(

Fo$ia*Sana*Ra(ia


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Final Project v Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

Executive summary

/his project (asically presents our research on onsumer decision ma!ing process

"hile selecting brands during unplanned shopping trips.- /hese casual clothes

included jeans* t#shirts* shal+ar ,amee$* trousers* casual shirts* 0utras* and shorts-

For this research +e held out the survey +ith the help of questionnaires +hich +ere

got filled from different areas of Patto,i 1 ,ara from males and females of age

(et+een "2#'3 years- /hese individuals included students and professionals* married

and unmarried (oth- ur (asic o(jectives of this research +ere to ,no+ the

percentage of the individuals +ho go for unplanned shopping* to see if customer

really goes to (uy (randed stuff and lastly the effect of (rand name on decision

ma,ing during unplanned shopping trips- )e found out different varia(les regarding

our o(jectives and then selected the sample si$e of "43 and developed a questionnaire

+ith the help of those varia(les and held out our survey- After gathering all the

information (y questionnaires +e analy$ed our research (y the help of tools li,e

SPSS- And then finally +e interpreted and came out +ith some findings of this +hole

research- By the help of these findings +e came to ,no+ that males are also interested

in unplanned shopping (ut females are more (rands loyal as compared to males- Also

+e found that shal+ar ,amee$ in females and jeans t#shirt in males are the most

popular casual clothes +hich they firstly prefer to +ear at home* secondly in friend5s

gatherings and lastly in universities or jo(s- Also +e found that the (randed clothes

are usually e6pensive and this depicts richness of the consumer as these are more

poplar in those +ho are status conscious-

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Final Project Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

#$P%ER &

'ntroduction

Brand selection during shopping is a difficult tas, (ut it (ecomes even more difficult

+hen comes to an unplanned. shopping trip- ur topic onsumer decision

ma!ing process "hile selecting brands during unplanned shopping trips(

(asically revolves around the solution to this pro(lem- 7t +ill help in finding out the

,ey factors +hich influence the consumer5s decision +hile they go for shopping

unintentionally- )hat are those elements in (rands +hich attract the customer and

ta,e out money from their poc,ets8

Fo$ia*Sana*Ra(ia

Ch No Table of Contents PAGE No

&7ntroduction

&

) Research Methodology *

+ Frequencies &,

- 9rossta(s ).

, Research :ypothesis ,/

0 References 0.

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/he product +e have chosen for research on our topic is the casual dresses for (oth

genders- Becauselothingis an aspect of human physical appearance* and li,e other

aspects of human physical appearance it has social significance-

asual is the dress code +hich emphasi$es comfort and personal e6pression over

presentation and uniformity- 7t includes a very +ide variety of costume; some can (e

categori$ed as under,no+n as the chaa,? are left

open (elo+ the +aist#line* +hich gives the +earer greater freedom of movement- 7n

Pa,istan the garment is +orn (y (oth se6es-

Shal+ars are gathered at the +aist and held up (y a dra+string or an elastic (elt- /he

0amee$ is usually cut straight and flat; older ,amee$ use traditional cuts and modern

0amee$ are more li,ely to have !uropean#inspired set#in sleeves- /he tailor@s taste

and s,ill are usually displayed not in the overall cut* (ut in the shape of the nec,line

and the decoration of the 0amee$-

)hen +omen +ear the Shal+ar 0amee$* they usually +ear a long scarf or sha+l

called a upatta around the head or nec,- /he upatta is also used as a stylish

accessory that can (e +orn over one shoulder or draped around the chest and over

(oth shoulders-

3eans are pants* or trousers* made from denim- Mainly designed for +or,* they

(ecame popular among teenagers starting in the "43s- /rousers made from corduroy

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or canvases are sometimes called jeans- :o+ever* traditionally the +ord CjeansC

referred to trousers made e6clusively out of denim-

1urta is a traditional item of clothing +orn in Afghanistan* Bangladesh* 7ndia*

Pa,istan* and Sri Dan,a- 7t is a loose shirt falling either just a(ove or some+here

(elo+ the ,nees of the +earer* and is +orn (y (oth men and +omen- /hey +ere

traditionally +orn +ith loose#fitting pajamas* loose#fitting Shal+ars* tight#fitting

churidars* or +rapped#around dhotis; (ut are no+ also +orn +ith jeans- 0urtas are

+orn (oth as casual everyday +ear and as formal dress- )omen often +ear ,urta as

(louses* usually over jeans- /hese ,urtas are typically much shorter than the

traditional garments and made +ith lighter materials* li,e those used in se+ing

,amee$-

Shortsare a garment +orn (y (oth men and +omen over their pelvic area* circling

the +aist* and covering the upper part of the upper legs or more* sometimes e6tending

as far as the ,nee* (ut not covering the entire length of the leg* either as outer or

undergarment- /hey are called CshortsC (ecause they are a shortened version of

trousers +hich cover the entire leg- ne of the famous types of shorts are Bermuda

shorts +hich are of 0nee#length-

4iterature Revie"

&5 %he Relationships bet"een Shopping %rip %ype6 Purchases 7ade on

Promotion6 and Unplanned Purchases 8or a #igh94o" #ypermar!et Retailer

# !vidence from the 9roatian mar,et #

7van#amir AniE

Sonja Radas

$bstract

/his paper e6plores ho+ shopping trip type influences consumer promotion search*

purchases made on promotion and unplanned purchases- For retailers* the importance

of model presented in this paper is in gaining ,no+ledge a(out shoppers5 response to

in#store promotion and predicting retail outcomes (ased on the consumers5 level of

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$bstract

:o+ different types of shopping trips influence consumer search and purchase

(ehavior has long (een of interest to mar,eting practitioners and scholars- /he

reliance of retailers on price specials to influence economic performance means

gaining ,no+ledge a(out lin,ages (et+een shopping trip type and the consumer

response to price specials is important- /he present study e6amines ho+ major

shopping trips* fill#in shopping trips* and shopping primarily for price specials are

associated +ith consumer specials search* purchases of price specials* coupon

redemption* and retailer shopping (as,et profita(ility- /he results sho+ consumers

visiting the store primarily to purchase price specials +ere more li,ely to read flyers

and purchased more advertised price specials than consumers on other types ofshopping trips- Major and fill#in shoppers +ere equally responsive to the retailer@s

promotions- /he results also indicate retailer profita(ility +as lo+est for specials

shoppers and highest for fill#in shoppers-

Author 0ey+ords< Retail price promotions; shopping trip types; shopping (as,et

profit

+5 Shopping trip behavior: $n empirical investigation

=ournalMar,eting Detters

Pu(lisher Springer &etherlands

7SS& 3%'#3KI4 >Print? "4J'#34L >nline?

7ssue olume "* &um(er " ecem(er* "2

7 "3-"33JBF33I'K"I

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Pages 44#K

Su(ject 9ollection Business and !conomics

SpringerDin, ate Monday* ecem(er 3K* %33I

Shopping trip (ehavior< An empirical investigation

Bar(ara !- 0ahn" and avid 9- Schmittlein%

>"? University of 9alifornia at Dos Angeles* Dos Angeles* USA

>%? University of Pennsylvania* Pennsylvania* USA

$bstract:/he purpose of this article is to descri(e shopping trip (ehavior empirically

using shopping trip data- A (etter understanding of this aspect of the purchase process

can assist in generating testa(le hypotheses as to ho+ the shopping trip decision may

influence other choice decisions-

-5 7en and omen: $ omparison o8 Shopping7all Behavior

:aiyan:u* Ph--

Assistant Professor* Retailing* epartment of Business Administration*

9ollege of Business* Utah State University* Dogan* Utah

9ynthia R-=asper* Ph--

Professor and 9hair* epartment of 9onsumer Science* University of

)isconsin#Madison* Madison* )isconsin

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;vervie"

Although the majority of today5s mall shoppers are +omen* the num(er of male

shoppers is increasing- /his article investigated the gender differences in terms of

mall shopping(ehavior and e6amined +hether today@s shoppingmalls have done a

good jo( catering to (oth genders- 7n#depth personal intervie+s +ere conducted to

collect consumers@ accounts of their e6periences in shoppingmalls- Based on the

analyses of consumer responses* +e compared the follo+ing aspects (et+een men

and +omen< >"? shoppingmotives* >%? mall shopping(ehaviors* >'? outcomes of mall

shopping* such as enjoyment and relevance of mall shoppingto consumer@s lifestyle-

ur research suggested that despite some similarities* men and +omen do differ in

several aspects< >"? men tend to use a mall for purchasing unique products or visiting

stores that are only found in malls follo+ed (y clothing shopping* +hereas the

opposite is true for +omen* >%? men spent significantly less time than +omen on each

mall trip* >'? there are fe+er male#oriented versus female#oriented stores* >I? more

+omen than men e6pressed enjoyment +ith the shoppingmalls* >4? more men than

+omen assessed the mall relevance (ased on +hether the mall provides one#stop

shoppingconvenience-

7t seemed that more +omen than men e6pressed their love for shoppingin general-

Five distinctive shopper types +ere also identified (ased on intervie+ees@ self#

descriptions and they include hedonic shoppers* utilitarian shoppers* value conscious

,5

$? S@7B;4S $>< BR$>< >$7ES %#$% BES% REPRESE>%

1E@ PR;'>?S

%itle: A!R/7S7&N SOMBDS A& BRA& &AM!S /:A/ B!S/

R!PR!S!&/ 0!O PRU9/ M!A&7&NS

Author>s?males and females?

%arget Population

/he target population included people living in Patto,i 1 ,ara city; the data

included people living in specific areas i-e-

Punja( 9ollege

Nirls :ostel

=o(holders

9ommon People

Sample Frame

/he sample included population of Patto,i 1 ,ara city only-

Sample Si2e

/he research includes a sample si$e of "43 males and females* selected randomly*

through random num(er generation* +hich represents the target population- /he

sample includes %4 males and females from each chosen locality-

%echniue/he sample +as Pro(a(ility. sample* as every individual in the population had an

equal chance to (e selected- 7n pro(a(ility the research team used Simple Random

Sampling. technique- 7n simple random* +e have done convenience sampling- 7-e-

people conveniently availa(le in the selected areas +ere ta,en as respondent-


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/he research team constructed a null hypothesis. and the conclusion +ill

sho+ that it accept or do not accept. this null hypotheses-

After constructing the hypothesis* the first step +as to dra+ a simple random

sample for research- /he research sample +as collected +ithin the specific

areas-

/he ne6t step +as to construct a questionnaire that can represent the target

sample-

After this the team ran the questionnaire among the target group and collected

the data-

/he data +as then interpreted through SPSS-

Research


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#$P%ER +

Fo$ia*Sana*Ra(ia

Role o8 customers in

brand choice 8or casual

clothes

ustomers

brand

pre8erence

ustomerAs

a"areness

ustomerAs

brand loyalty

4evel o8

customer

satis8action

ustomerAs

decision

ma!ing

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Freuencies

Freuency C &

Statistics

Unplanned

ShoppingGender Age

NValid 150 150 145

Missing 0 0 5

Unplanned Shopping

Frequency Percent Valid Percent u!ulati"e #

Valid

Al$ays 1% 1&'0 1&'0 1&'0

So!eti!es (( 44'0 44.0 5('0

)ccasionally &% 1%'* 1%'* *4'*

Very rare +1 &0'* &0'* ,5'+

Ne"er * 4'* 4'* 100'0

-otal 150 100'0 100'0

'nterpretation:

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As from the a(ove ta(le +e can analy$e that IIQ of the people sometimes5 go for

unplanned shopping and I-JQ never5 go for unplanned shopping- /he reason may (e

lac, of time and every(ody does not carry enough money for shopping all the time-

Freuency C )

'nterpretation:

As from the a(ove data +e come to ,no+ that the higher percentage of females go for

unplanned shopping than males i-e 42Q and I%Q respectively- /his is due to the fact

Fo$ia*Sana*Ra(ia

Gender


Valid

Fe!ale %* 5%'0 5%'0 5%'0

Male (+ 4&'0 4&'0 100'0

-otal 150 100'0 100'0

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that females do shopping more than males (ecause females have their o+n +ay to

enjoy themselves in leisure time and shopping is one of those dominant +ays-

Freuency C +

Age


Valid

1% 10 ('* (', (',

1, + &'0 &'1 ,'0

&0 11 *'+ *'( 1('(

&0'5 1 '* '* 1*'&

&1 1, 1&'* 1+'1 +0'+

&& &5 1('* 1*'& 4*'(

&+ &+ 15'+ 15', (+'4

&4 1, 1&'* 1+'1 *('(

&5 14 ,'+ ,'* %('&

&( ( 4'0 4'1 ,0'+

&* 1 '* '* ,1'0

&% 5 +'+ +'4 ,4'5

&, & 1'+ 1'4 ,5',

+0 ( 4'0 4'1 100'0

-otal 145 ,('* 100'0

Missing Syste! 5 +'+

-otal 150 100'0

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'nterpretation:

As from the a(ove ta(le +e can analy$e that the age group of %"# %I are more

inclined for shopping (ecause this age group is more energetic and sociali$ing- /hey

go for shopping +ith their friends and even alone- As the age increases the trend of

people to+ards unplanned shopping decreases-

Freuency C -

Fo$ia*Sana*Ra(ia

Place of Usage

Frequency Percent Valid Percent u!ulati"ePercent

1* 11'+ 11'+ 11'+

.o!e/eisure ti!e 4% +&'0 32.0 4+'+

1& ( 4'0 4'0 4*'+

1&+ * 4'* 4'* 5&'0

1&+4 1 '* '* 5&'*

1&4 1 '* '* 5+'+

1+ 14 ,'+ ,'+ (&'*

14 + &'0 &'0 (4'*

Uni"ersity/ollege &5 1('* 16.7 %1'+&+ + &'0 &'0 %+'+

&4 1 '* '* %4'0

Friend2s Gathering 14 ,'+ 9.3 ,+'+

+5 1 '* '* ,4'0

3o * 4'* 4'* ,%'*

Any other & 1'+ 1'+ 100'0

-otal 150 100'0 100'0

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'nterpretation:

From the a(ove ta(le and graph +e can analy$e that '%Q of the people usually +ear

casual clothes at home or in leisure time- Remaining "K-JQ +ear in university

college and only -'Q at friend5s gathering- /he reason could (e that the casual

clothes are meant to (e +ear in leisure time or in rela6ation time-

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#$P%ER - rosstabs

;bjective &:

)hat is the percentage of individuals from age "2#'3 +ho go for unplanned

shopping8

Unplanned Shopping Age !rossta"#lation

Unplanned Shopping

-otalAl$ays So!eti!es )ccasionally Very rare Ne"er

# $ithin Age # $ithin Age # $ithin Age # $ithin Age # $ithin Age # $ithin Ag

Age 1% &0'0# 40'0# &0'0# &0'0# '0# 100'

1, '0# '0# ++'+# (('*# '0# 100'

&0 ,'1# 45'5# 1%' 1%' ,'1# 100'

&0'5 '0# 100'0# '0# '0# '0# 100'

&1 '0# 5&'(# 15'%# +1'(# '0# 100'

&& 1('0# 44'0# 1('0# 1&'0# 1&'0# 100'

&+ %'*# 4+'5# &('1# 1*'4# 4'+# 100'

&4 10'5# (+' 10'5# 15'%# '0# 100'

&5 &%'(# 4&',# 14'+# 14'+# '0# 100'

&( 1('*# ++'+# ++'+# 1('*# '0# 100'

&* 100'0# '0# '0# '0# '0# 100'

&% '0# 40'0# '0# (0'0# '0# 100'

&, '0# 50'0# '0# 50'0# '0# 100'

+0 '0# 1('*# 50'0# ++'+# '0# 100'

-otal 11'*# 44'%# 1%'(# &1'4# +'4# 100'

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!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square 4%'%(5a 5& '5,%

i9elihood :atio 4%'%4( 5& '5,,

N o Valid ases 145

a' (4 cells 6,1'4#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is '0+'

#o: people usually go 8or unplanned shopping

#&: people usually donAt go 8or unplanned shopping5

$nalysis:

/he a(ove cross ta(s are run (et+een age and the unplanned shopping- And it is very

clear from the ta(le if +e loo, at the total percentage for the different options then it5s

higher for sometimes.- 7t means that highest percentage of people go for unplannedshopping sometimes.- And in this option of sometimes the percentage is highest for

the age group ).D),- )hich sho+s that people of this age group goes for unplanned

shopping sometimes. most-

As +e see that the p#value is -4 -34 so the :o +ill not (e rejected and it +ill (e

insignificant-

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;bjective ):/o judge +hether customers really go for (uying a (randed product in an unplanned

shopping trip8

Unplanned Shopping 'randed !as#al !lothes !rossta"#lation


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!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square &&'%,4a 1( '11*

i9elihood :atio &&'%%1 1( '11*

N o Valid ases 150

a' 14 cells 65('0#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is '*,'

#o: people al"ays buy branded clothes during unplanned shopping trip5

#&: people donAt al"ays buy branded clothes during unplanned shopping trip5

$nalysis:

&o+ the a(ove cross ta(s are run (et+een unplanned shopping and the purchase of

(randed clothes- 7t sho+s that during such shopping trip people sometimes. (uy

(randed stuff most as their percentage is '2Q of our total sample si$e +hich is the

highest-

As the p#value is -""J* +hich is greater than -34* sho+s that the :o is not rejected and

it tells that people don5t al+ays. (uy (randed clothes (ut they do sometimes.-

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;bjective +:

/o understand the effect of (rand name as a device in individual5s decision ma,ing-

!rossta"

(eans for )eis#re !l#"

-otal1 & + 4 5 (

Unplanned

Shopping

Al$ays # Unplanned

Shopping'0# '0# 1('*# (('*# 1('*# '0# 100'0#

So!eti!es # Unplanned

Shopping1*'(# 5',# &,'4# '0# 11'%# +5'+# 100'0#

)ccasionally # Unplanned

Shopping(0'0# '0# '0# 40'0# '0# '0# 100'0#

Very rare # Unplanned

Shopping'0# ++'+# '0# '0# 1('*# 50'0# 100'0#

Ne"er # Unplanned

Shopping'0# '0# '0# '0# '0# 100'0# 100'0#

-otal # Unplanned

Shopping1*'1# %'(# 1*'1# 1*'1# 11'4# &%'(# 100'0#

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square +*',(&a &0 '00,

i9elihood :atio 41',,0 &0 '00+

N o Valid ases +5

a' +0 cells 6100'0#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he

!ini!u! e;pected count is '0,'

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#o: particular brand name a88ects the decision ma!ing in an unplanned

shopping trip5

#&: particular brand name does not a88ect the decisionDma!ing in an unplanned

shopping trip-

$nalysis:

From the a(ove crossta(s (et+een the t+o varia(les jeans for leisure clu( and

unplanned shopping +e came to ,no+ that people generally prefer to (uy the jeans of

leisure clu( in an unplanned shopping trip* the reason may (e the trend* style* design

or the price of the Deisure 9lu( outfits- /he p#value of this 9hi#Square test sho+s that

there is significant relation (et+een these t+o varia(les and the rest of the (rands

+ith different clothes came out to (e unrelated +ith unplanned shopping* the reason

may (e their prices or styling etc- And hence +e failed to reject our null hypothesis-

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Final Project %3 Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

C -: ?ender and Pre8erence 8or lothes

a ?ender and Pre8erence 8or Shal"ar 1amee2

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square +&'+05a ( '000

i9elihood :atio +('5++ ( '000

N o Valid ases 11,

a' * cells 650'0#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is 1'+1'

$nalysis:

From the a(ove crossta(e (et+een gender and preference for shal+ar ,amee$* +e can

easily see that the preference for shal+ar ,amee$ is much higher in females rather

than in males- /he ratio of high and lo+ preference for this dress is almost equal in

males* the reason may (e the availa(ility of other dress options to the males- /he p#

value of 9hi Square test sho+s that (oth the varia(les are very much interdependent-

9h I 9rossta(s Fo$ai*Sana*Ra(ia

!rossta"Preference for !as#al Shal*ar +a,ee-

-otal1 & + 4 5 ( *

GenderFe!ale ount + 4 0 0 4 ( 50 (*

# Preerence or

Shal$ar =a!ee>&+'1# 40'0# '0# '0# (('*# +*'5# *(',# 5('+#

Male ount 10 ( ( + & 10 15 5&

# Preerence or

Shal$ar =a!ee> *(',# (0'0# 100'0# 100'0# ++'+# (&'5# &+'1# 4+'*#

-otal ount 1+ 10 ( + ( 1( (5 11,

# Preerence or

Shal$ar =a!ee>100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0#


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Final Project %" Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

b ?ender Pre8erence 8or asual Shirts

!rossta"

Preference for !as#al Shirts

-otal1 & + 4 5 ( *

Gender Fe!al

e

ount 1% , 5 + 10 5 , 5,

# Preerence or

asual Shirts7.0/ 5(' 41'*# 1*'(# 5%'%# 45'5# (4'+# 5+'

Male ount ( * * 14 * ( 5 5&

# Preerence or

asual Shirts&5'0# 4+'%# 5%'+# 2.4/ 41' 54'5# +5'*# 4('%#

-otal ount &4 1( 1& 1* 1* 11 14 111

# Preerence or

asual Shirts100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0#

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square 15'0%+a ( '0&0

i9elihood :atio 15',&% ( '014

N o Valid ases 111

a' 0 cells 6'0#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is 5'15'

$nalysis:

From the a(ove crossta( +e can clearly see that the J4Q of the total female

respondents have least preference for the casual shirts and 2%-IQ of the total male

respondents have neutral vie+s a(out it- /he 9hi#Square test is also significant*

sho+ing relationship (et+een the t+o varia(les i-e gender and preference for casual

shirts-



34/70

Final Project %% Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

c ?ender and Pre8erence 8or 1urtas

!rossta"

Preference for +#rtas

-otal1 & + 4 5 ( *

GenderFe!ale

# Preerence or

=urtas5&'0# 14'+# 45'5# 5%'+# (+'(# 72.7/ *%'(# 5('0#

Male

# Preerence or

=urtas4%'0# .7/ 54'5# 41'*# +('4# &*'+# &1'4# 44'0#

-otal

# Preerence or

=urtas100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0#

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square 1('&&&a ( '01+

i9elihood :atio 1*'&4& ( '00%

N o Valid ases 10,

a' & cells 614'+#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is 4'%4'

$nalysis:

After running the crossta( (et+een the ,urta usage and the gender +e came to ,no+

that the females have high and males have lo+ preference for ,urtas i-e J%-JQ and

24-JQ respectively- 7ts 9hi#Square test is also significant-



35/70

Final Project %' Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

d ?ender and Pre8erence 8or 3eans

!rossta"

Preference for (eans

-otal1 & + 4 5 ( *

GenderFe!ale

# Preerence or

3eans6.2/ (&'5# %0'0# 40'0# 40'0# 44'4# &5'0# 55'1#

Male

# Preerence or

3eans

1+'%# +*'5# &0'0# (0'0# (0'0# 55'(# 7.0/ 44',#

-otal

# Preerence or

3eans100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0#

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square &%'&00a ( '000

i9elihood :atio +0'+5& ( '000

N o Valid ases 11%

a' 4 cells 6&%'(#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is +'5,'

$nalysis:

/he crossta( sho+s that the females have least preferred the jeans as their casual

dress and males have given it the highest preference as a casual and easy to +ear

dress- /he 9hi#Square test is also significant +ith p#value T3-34 and hence proves

that the t+o varia(les are interrelated-



36/70

Final Project %I Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

e ?ender and Pre8erence 8or Shorts


!hi$S%#are &ests

Value ?

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square &,'(+%a ( '000

i9elihood :atio +&'%,& ( '000

N o Valid ases 105

a' , cells 6(4'+#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is 1'40'

!rossta"s

Preference for Shorts

-otal1 & + 4 5 ( *

GenderFe!ale

# Preerence or

Shorts71.4/ '0# ,'1# (0'0# (('*# 14'+# &0'0# 5+'+#

Male

# Preerence or

Shorts&%'(# 100.0/ ,0',# 40'0# ++'+# %5'*# %0'0# 4('*#

-otal

# Preerence or

Shorts100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0# 100'0#


37/70


$nalysis:

/he result of this crossta( for females is as e6pected- /hat they don5t +ear shorts and

hence given it the least preference- But on the other hand some males have also given

it the least preference (ut not all; some has given it high preference too- /:! 9hi#

Square test is significant and proves the relation (et+een the t+o varia(les-

C ,: ?ender and Usage Pattern

a ?ender and Usage o8 %DShirts


!rossta"

&$Shirt Usage

-otal?aily

-$ice a

@ee9 @ee9ends

Very

rare Ne"er

GenderFe!ale

# Gender 1*' 1*' %'0# ,' +('%# 11'5# 100'0#

Male

# Gender *',# 7.1/ 14'+# ,'5# ,'5# 1'(# 100'0#

-otal

# Gender 1+'+# +4'0# 10'*# ,'+# &5'+# *'+# 100'0#

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square +('4&%a 5 '000

i9elihood :atio +%',01 5 '000

N o Valid ases 150


38/70

Final Project %K Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

$nalysis:

After running the crossta( (et+een gender and the usage pattern of the t#shirts* +e

came to the finding that the usage of t#shirts is higher in males +hich is 4J-"Q and

females also +ear t#shirts (ut its very rare- /hen from 9hi#Square test +e can see thatthe p#value is T 3-34* so our test is significant and usage of t#shirts is highly related

+ith gender- /he reason of the less usage of t#shirts in females may (e the cultural

(oundaries-

" Gender and Usage of !as#al Shirts

!rossta"

!as#al shirt #sage

-otal?aily

-$ice a

$ee9 @ee9ends

Very

rare Ne"er

GenderFe!ale

# Gender 1,'5# 10'+# 1&'(# 1+'%# ++'+# 10'+# 100'0#

Male

# Gender 14'+# 1*'5# 36./ 11'1# 1,'0# 1'(# 100'0#

-otal

# Gender 1*'+# 1+'+# &&'*# 1&'*# &*'+# ('*# 100'0#



39/70

Final Project %J Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square 1%'&,0a 5 '00+

i9elihood :atio 1,'1+& 5 '00&

N o Valid ases 150

a' 1 cells 6%'+#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is 4'&0'

$nalysis:

/he usage of casual shirts is again higher in males (ut the difference is that its t+ice a

+ee,- /he p#value from 9hi#Square test shoes that the test is significant and the usage

of casual shirts also depends upon gender-



40/70


c ?ender and Usage o8 Shal"ar 1amee2

!hi$S%#are &ests


sided8

Pearson hi7Square 4*'%+4a 5 '000

i9elihood :atio 50',%1 5 '000

N o Valid ases 150

a' & cells 61('*#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is '4&'

$nalysis:

From this crossta( +e can easily see that the usage of shal+ar ,amee$ is highest in

females i-e J"-'Q as compared to males of the age group "2 '3 years- /he reason

again may (e the cultural (oundaries for females and fashion for males- /he 9hi#

Square test proves this scenario as the p#value isT3-34 and our test is significant

+hich sho+s again that there is much more relation (et+een the usage of clothes and

the gender-


!rossta"

!as#al Shal*ar +a,ee- Usage

-otal?aily

-$ice a

$ee9 @ee9ends

Very

rare Ne"er

GenderFe!ale

# Gender 14',# 71.3/ (',# +'4# &'+# 1'1# 100'0#

Male

# Gender 11'1# &+'%# 1,'0# &5'4# &0'(# '0# 100'0#

-otal

# Gender 1+'+# 51'+# 1&'0# 1&'*# 10'0# '*# 100'0#


41/70

Final Project % Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

d ?ender and Usage o8 3eans

!rossta"

(eans Usage

-otal?aily

-$ice a

$ee9 @ee9ends

Very

rare ne"er

GenderFe!ale

# Gender 1,'5# %'0# (',# 1,'5# 40.2/ 5'*# 100'0#

Male

# Gender ,'5# 36./ &%'(# *',# 14'+# +' 100'0#

-otal

# Gender 15'+# &0'0# 1('0# 14'*# &,'+# 4'*# 100'0#

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square 40'1*%a 5 '000

i9elihood :atio 41'554 5 '000

N o Valid ases 150


e;pected count is &',4'

$nalysis:

/his crossta( is done (et+een gender and usage pattern of jeans* and the results sho+

that males +ear this dress on daily (asis and females +ear it very rarely- /he 9hi#

Square test is also significant as the p#value is T3-34 and hence again proves that (oth

the varia(les are very much interdependent-



42/70

Final Project '3 Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

e ?ender and asual %rouser Usage

!rossta"

!as#al &ro#sers Usage

-otalMissing ?aily

-$ice a

$ee9 @ee9ends

Very

rare ne"er

GenderFe!ale

# Gender &0'*# 11'5# (',# 1&'(# 40' %'0# 100'0#

Male

# Gender 1&'*# 44'4# 14'+# 15',# 11'1# 1'(# 100'0#

-otal

# Gender 1*'+# &5'+# 10'0# 14'0# &%'0# 5'+# 100'0#

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square ++'1,*a 5 '000

i9elihood :atio +5'05, 5 '000

N o Valid ases 150


e;pected count is +'+('

$nalysis:

Again the usage pattern is same for males and females; here too males are more

frequent usere of casual trousers as compared to females- /he 9hi#Square test is also

significant +ith p#value T3-34* so (oth the varia(les are pretty much dependent on

each other-



43/70

Final Project '" Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

C G: $ttributes ;8 $ll 7entioned %ypes o8 lothes

!ase Processing S#,,ar

ases

Valid Missing -otal

N Percent N Percent N Percent

Gender -7Shirt Attriutes 150 100'0# 0 '0# 150 100'0#

Gender asual Shirt2s

Attriutes150 100'0# 0 '0# 150 100'0#

Gender asual Shal$ar

=a!ee>2s Attriutes150 100'0# 0 '0# 150 100'0#

Gender =urtas Attriute 150 100'0# 0 '0# 150 100'0#

Gender 3eans Attriutes 150 100'0# 0 '0# 150 100'0#

Gender asual -rouser

Attriutes150 100'0# 0 '0# 150 100'0#

Gender Shorts Attriutes 150 100'0# 0 '0# 150 100'0#

a Gender &$shirt Attri"#tes

!hi$S%#are &ests


sided8

Pearson hi7Square 4&'&*1a ++ '1&,

i9elihood :atio 5+'10, ++ '015

N o Valid ases 150

a' (0 cells 6%%' ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!


$nalysis:

:ere the a(ove ta(le sho+s the cross ta(s run (et+een gender and the attri(utes of /#

shirts- And here +e see that in the chi square test the p#value is less than -34 +hich

sho+s that the gender and the attri(utes are dependent on each other- /his is quite

o(vious (ecause (oth genders have naturally different preferences and choices as per



44/70

Final Project '% Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

their nature* also the choices of may differ (ecause of different styles for males and

females- And the p#value less than -34 tells that it is significant-

" Gender !as#al Shal*ar +a,ee-s Attri"#tes

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square 51'0+5a 44 '&1*

i9elihood :atio (('4+5 44 '01(

N o Valid ases 150

a' %1 cells 6,0'0#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!


$nalysis:

From a(ove ta(le +e can chec, the dependency of gender and Shal+ar 0amee$

attri(utes- :ere +e see that as the p#value is greater than -34 so it is insignificant and

these t+o +on5t (e dependent on each other-

C &.: Place o8 Usage o8 lothes and $ge rosstabs



45/70

Final Project '' Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

Place of Usage Age !rossta"#lation

Place o Usage

-otal

.o!e/eisur

e ti!e

Uni"ersity/o

llege

Friend2s

Gathering 3o Any other

/Place of Usage Age 1% %'5# 4'5# '0# '0# '0# (',#

1, ('4# '0# '0# '0# '0# &'1#

&0 %'5# ,'1# '0# '0# '0# *'(#

&0'5 '0# '0# '0# 1('*# '0# '*#

&1 ('4# 1%' &1'4# '0# 50'0# 1+'1#

&& 10'(# 1+'(# &%'(# 1('*# 50'0# 1*'

&+ 1*'0# 1%' &1'4# '0# '0# 15',#

&4 14',# 1%' 14'+# 1('*# '0# 1+'1#

&5 10'(# 1+'(# '0# '0# '0# ,'*#

&( &'1# 4'5# *'1# 1('*# '0# 4'1#

&* '0# '0# '0# '0# '0# '*#

&% &'1# '0# *'1# ++'+# '0# +'4#

&, 4'+# '0# '0# '0# '0# 1'4#

+0 %'5# '0# '0# '0# '0# 4'1#

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square +'10(B&a 1%& '000

i9elihood :atio 141'4*1 1%& ',%%

N o Valid ases 145

a' &0( cells 6,%'1#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he

!ini!u! e;pected count is '01'

$nalysis:

/he a(ove ta(le sho+s the cross ta(s run (et+een Age and the place of usage of the

clothes- )e see that the age (rac,et %"#%4 use the casual clothes most at home.*

university.* and friend5s gatherings.- /he chi#square test a(ove sho+s that the p#

value is less that -34 +hich sho+s that it is significant and age and the usage are

dependent on each other* as it is quite o(vious that the usage trend and style varies



46/70

Final Project 'I Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

along +ith the age (ecause +ith the change in the age a change in the activities is also

o(served-

C &&: Particular Brand 'nsistence

Gender 'rand 5nsistence !rossta"#lation


47/70


/he a(ove ta(le sho+s the cross ta(ulation (et+een gender and the (rand insistence-

And from this ta(le +e conclude that the insistence on a particular (rand is higher in

males as compared to females- As the percentage in the options li,e neutral.*

agree.* highly agree. are higher in males and percentage in highly disagree. and

agree. are lo+er in the males- Also +e see from the chi#square tests that the p#value

is higher than -34 +hich sho+s that it is insignificant and independent of each other-

C &): %he rosstabs o8 Brand $s Status Symbol as #ighly

'nsigni8icant ith $ge6 ?ender and 'ncome =ariables5


Gender 'rands as Stat#s S,"ol !rossta"#lation


48/70

Final Project 'K Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

$nalysis:

/he a(ove ta(le sho+s the cross ta(ulation (et+een gender5 and (rand as status

sym(ol5- 7t sho+s that the percentage is more in the females +ho thin,s that the

(rands are status sym(ol- And lo+ percentage of males +ho thin,s that the (rands are

the status sym(ol- 7f +e see the chi#square test ta(le then there the p#value is higher

than -34 +hich sho+s that it is significant and also gender5 and (rands as status

sym(ol5 are not dependent on each other-

C &+:a ?ender H S"itching Brand o8 %DShirts



49/70

Final Project 'J Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

!rossta"

Gender

-otalFe!ale Male

S*itching 'rand of &$

Shirts

# $ithin S$itching


50/70


$nalysis:

/he a(ove ta(le sho+s the cross ta(s (et+een gender and the s+itching (rands of /#

shirts- From the percentages a(ove +e see that the s+itching ratio in males is more

than that in females- As the percentage in the option of last year. and never. is

more in the females- From the chi#square ta(le +e conclude that* as the p#value is less

than -34 so it is significant and gender5 and s+itching (rand for the t#shirts5 are

dependent on each other-

b ?ender I S"itching Brand o8 asual Shirts



51/70

Final Project ' Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

!rossta"

Gender

-otalFe!ale Male

S$itching


52/70

Final Project I3 Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

$nalysis:

/he a(ove ta(le sho+s the cross ta(s run (et+een the gender5 and the s+itching

(rands for casual shirts5- From this ta(le +e come to ,no+ that the percentage of

s+itching (rand is higher in males as compared to that in the females* as the

percentage in the options li,e last month. and last +ee,. is higher in the males and

that is lo+er in females for the options li,e last year.* never. and K months ago.-

&o+ from the chi#square test ta(le +e see that the p#value is -333* +hich is lo+er

than -34- /his sho+s that it is significant and it sho+s the high dependency of

gender5 and s+itching (rand for casual shirts5-



53/70

Final Project I" Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

c ?ender H S"itching Brands o8 3eans

!rossta"

Gender

-otalFe!ale Male

S*itching 'rand of !as#al

Shirts

# $ithin S$itching


54/70

Final Project I% Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

$nalysis:

/he a(ove ta(le sho+s the cross ta(s run (et+een genders5 and s+itching of (rand

for jeans5- Again +e see that the percentage of s+itching is higher in males as

compared to that in females- And from the chi#square test ta(le +e see that the p#

value is lo+er than -34 so it is significant and there is dependency (et+een genders5

and s+itching of (rands for jeans5-



55/70

Final Project I' Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

d ?ender H S"itching Brands o8 asual %rousers

!rossta"

Gender

-otalFe!ale Male

S*itching 'rands of

!as#al &ro#sers

ast @ee9

# $ithin S$itching


56/70

Final Project II Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

$nalysis:

/he a(ove ta(les sho+s the cross ta(s run (et+een genders5 and s+itching of

(rands for casual trousers5 here +e see that the percentage of s+itching is higher in

males as compared to that in females- And from the chi#square test ta(le +e see that

the p#value is lo+er than -34 so it is significant and there is dependency (et+een

genders5 and s+itching of (rands for casual trousers5-



57/70


e ?ender H S"itching Brands o8 Shorts

!rossta"

Gender

-otalFe!ale Male

S*itching 'rands of

Shorts

# $ithin S$itching


58/70

Final Project IK Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

$nalysis:

the a(ove ta(le sho+s the cross ta(s run (et+een genders5 and s+itching (rands for

shirts5 and from the ta(le +e come to ,no+ that the percentage for s+itching (rands

in the males is much higher than that in the females- 7ts one reason may (e that

females don5t go for shorts here very often- From the chi#square test ta(le given

a(ove +e conclude that as the p#value is lo+er than -34 so it is significant and

genders5 and (rand s+itching for shorts5 (oth are dependent on each other-



59/70

Final Project IJ Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

C &-:?ender ith $ll lothes %ype ollection as #ighly

'nsigni8icant5 'ncome "ith Semi Formal6 Formal Both Season %ypes

as #ighly 'nsigni8icant

a 'ncome Brac!et H Branded asual ardrobe Summer

!rossta" of /'randed !as#al S#,,er ardro"e

Cnco!e


60/70


!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d Asy!p' Sig' 6&7sided8

Pearson hi7Square %&'&0(a 5( '01+

i9elihood :atio (+'+40 5( '&++

inear7y7inear Association +'*4% 1 '05+

N o Valid ases ,*

a' *0 cells 6,+'+#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u! e;pected count is '0('

$nalysis:

From the cross ta(s run (et+een num(er of Branded casual clothes summer and

income (rac,et* +e get the results that these varia(les are very much interdependent*

depicted from p#value 3-3"'/he ta(le also sho+s that the majority of people of minimum income (rac,et is more

interested in (uying (randed summer clothes (ut of course that finances is al+ays the

main issue and the reason for having no or only one summer (randed clothes is their

price-



61/70

Final Project I Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

b 'ncome Brac!et H Branded asual ardrobe inter

!ross ta"

Cnco!e


62/70

Final Project 43 Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square ,0'&*5a (% '0+*

i9elihood :atio *1'*45 (% '+55

inear7y7inear Association +'((+ 1 '05(

N o Valid ases ,&

a' %( cells 6,5'(#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is '05'

$nalysis:

From the cross ta(s run (et+een num(er of Branded casual clothes +inter and

income (rac,et* +e get the results that these varia(les are very much interdependent*

depicted from p#value 3-3'J-

/he ta(le also sho+s that most of the data is gathered in dresses num(er 3#I in all

income classes- /his sho+s that all people +ho +ish to +ear (randed clothes ,eep

themselves upto the collection of four dresses- /his is may(e enough variety for a

single season-



63/70

Final Project 4" Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

C &,: ?ender and $mount Spent ;n a Single Shopping %rip

Price of )ast !as#al 8ress P#rchased Gender !rossta"#lation

Gender

-otalFe!ale Male

Price of )ast

!as#al 8ress

P#rchased


64/70

Final Project 4% Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

$nalysis:

From the cross ta(s run (et+een amount spent on latest unplanned shopping and

genders +e get the results that these varia(les are totally independent* depicted from

p#value 3-%%%-

/he reason is that males and females* (oth purchase up to the price they +ant and

there is no rule that females spend more on a single shopping trip as +e thought-

Males also go for shopping +ithout any plans and there is no discrimination for

shopping price range in genders-



65/70


66/70

Final Project 4I Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

!hi$S%#are &ests

Value d

Asy!p' Sig' 6&7

sided8

Pearson hi7Square 15'510a 1& '&15

i9elihood :atio 1+'(&% 1& '+&5

N o Valid ases 150

a' 11 cells 655'0#8 ha"e e;pected count less than 5' -he !ini!u!

e;pected count is '11'

$nalysis:

From the cross ta(s run (et+een categories of people +ith unplanned shopping and

(randed clothes* +e get the results that all these varia(les are totally independent*

depicted from their p#values-

/he reason (ehind this result is that for unplanned shopping* students for 24Q say

that they never go for unplanned shopping (ut those +ho are students and

professionals say they al+ays go for unplanned shopping-

7n category all data is clustered to+ards never (uying (randed clothes in all types- So*

an unplanned* (randed clothes shopping is not dependent on categories of people

(ecause other factors li,e prices* season fashion etc also effect shopping plans of

people-



67/70

Final Project 44 Brand Selection in Unplanned Shopping

#$P%ER ,

Research #ypothesis

/he hypothesis +e proposed for our research +as

Documents

Complete Project Rabia Fozia