PowerPoint Presentation
Commercial Applications Of FungiIntroductionDiet / Food in
various forms Uses in industriesUses in agricultureUses in medicine
Advance research?ConclusionBibliography/Reference
IntroductionFungus can be defined as a large group / kingdom
which are a member of eukaryotic organisms that includes
microorganisms such as yeast, mushrooms and molds. The study of
fungus is known as mycologyDifferencePlantFungusCell WallContain
CelluloseContains Chitin & GlucansFood SourcePhoto
synthesizersDecomposersOriginSeedsDead MatterEnergy
SourceSunlightDead/Decaying organisms
Diet / Food in various forms
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Mushrooms ( eg Morchella esculenta)
White mycelium of the rhizopusAspergillus oryzaeUses In
Industries During anaerobic conditions, yeast ferments sugar to
produce. Alcohol and carbon dioxide in the process of fermentation.
Equation: Yeast + Water + Glucose = Alcohol + Carbon dioxide
Stains inhibit an enzyme involved in the synthesis of
cholesterol theyve become important for control of cholesterol in
patients. For example:- Lovastatin comes from pleurotus ostreatus
and other statin drugs also comes from aspergillus terreus
=Pleurotus ostreatusLostatinStatin Drugs
Aspergillus Terreus =Uses In Agriculture Fungi that infect
insects - Fungi are found in the environment as spores. Insects can
become infected when they come into contact with spores on the
surface of plants, in the soil, in the air as windborne particles,
or on the bodies of already dead insects Spores attach to the
surface of the insect and infect by penetrating through the insect
cuticle, often at joints where the insects protective covering is
thinner. Once inside, the fungus grows throughout the body of the
insect. Many fungi also produce toxins in the host that increase
the speed of kill.
Uses In AgricultureControl of Narcotics using fungi:- Fungal
pathogens have adverse effects on agriculture, why not use
pathogens to attack plants that we dont need to cultivate? In
agriculture, fungal pathogens may be useful for the biological
control of weed. In Canada 78 out of 107 most troublesome weeds
could be destroyed by using fungal pathogens. This policy has a 67%
overall success rate. Not only weed but heroin and cocaine can also
be destroyed.For example Leospora papaveracea against heroin
poppies , Fusarium oxysporum against cocaine plantation .
Fusarium oxysporumUses In MedicineAntibiotics are used to treat
bacterial and fungal infections. Penicillin -produced by the mould
Penicillium notatum was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928.
This was used to treat diseases like syphilis.Medicinal mushrooms
are available to cure cancer cells and research has identified
compounds produced by these fungi that have inhibitory biological
effects against virsues . Such mushrooms are Agaricus subrufescens
and Gandoderma lucidum.
Advance Research?The British Textile Technology Group (BTTG) is
based in DidsburyIn Manchester and works with the Welsh School of
Pharmacy inCardiff. Together they have designed and produced a
range ofFilamentous fungal materials that help with the healing of
wounds. The secrets in the chitin (which maintains the rigidity
andStructure of fungal cell walls). Many experiments have been
conducted which suggestThat chitin can speed up the healing of
wounds. It is thought that chitin actually encourages the growth
offibroblasts into the wound. Fibroblasts help build new tissue.
The process has the potential to treat chronic ulcers andbed sores
in hospital patients. If a patients wounds heal faster than
hospital and nursingresources will be saved. ConclusionResearch and
understanding of fungus has led to the commercialization of the
production of fungus. Fungus has been used in food, agriculture,
medicine and industries. Production and research in fungus has
created a market for fungus. Use of bio pesticides in agriculture
has destroyed unwanted plants thus giving an impetus to the
agriculture field.Use of fungus in facilitating and manufacturing
of many antibiotics, acids and other chemical products.Due to
research of fungus and its innovative uses has led to
commercialization of products thus launching a new market where
business and companies have invested in the byproducts of fungus.
Research and commercialization have worked hand in hand to sustain
the understanding of fungus in various field of life.
Biblography/Refrences"Fungi | A Moment of Science - Indiana
Public Media."Indiana Public Media | News and Information, Music,
Arts and Community Events from WFIU and WTIU. Web. 28 Aug. 2011.
.
"Fungus."Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 28 Aug. 2011.
.
Fungi | A Moment of Science - Indiana Public Media."Indiana
Public Media | News and Information, Music, Arts and Community
Events from WFIU and WTIU. Web. 28 Aug. 2011.
http://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/fungi/
Fungal Databases." Web. . 15 August 2011
MLA CITATION
Name - Vivek BhojwaniClass - FYBSc BiotechnologyTopic -
Commercial Applications Of Fungus (Botany)Roll No - 854
