Coastal Vulnerability Assessment Project Report Lavallette

Coastal Vulnerability Assessment

Project Report

Lavallette Borough

Ocean County New Jersey

Work Supporting the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Coastal Zone Management Program

Stacy A. Krause, PP/AICP

Environmental Analysis and Communications Group

Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy

Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey

September 2016

A s s e t s V u l n e r a b i l i t y A s s e s s m e n t P r o j e c t R e p o r t

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*This project included two Ocean County municipalities: Lacey Township and Lavallette Borough. This

project report is for Lavallette Borough only, with Lacey Township information included to illustrate inter-

municipal and county-wide resilience actions in the Regional Resilience Action Plan (RRAP) section of the

report only on pages 21-24.


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Contents Page Number Introduction to Asset Vulnerability Assessments and Methodology…...................................................................4

Identifying Assets as part of the GTR Process………………………………………………………………….4-5

Future Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge Projections……………………………………………………………5-6

Lavallette Borough Municipal Overview……………………………………………………………...………..7-8

Lavallette Borough Geospatial Inventory…………………………………………………………………….…8-9

Lavallette Borough Critical Community Assets……………………………………………...………………..9-20

Addressing Vulnerability through Local Land Use and Regional Actions………………………………..…21-24

Communicating to the Public about Vulnerable Assets – Project Products…………………………….….. .25-26

Appendix……………………………………………………………………………………………......……27-45

Appendix A: Lavallette Borough Detailed Table of Community Assets and Vulnerability…………27-37

Appendix B: Lavallette Borough Detaille Planning Document Resilience Review…………………38-45

List of Tables, Figures, and Maps………………………………………………………………....……………..46


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Introduction to an Asset Vulnerability Assessments and Methodology NOAA’s Office of Coastal Management states that New Jersey’s coastal communities face increasing threats

from shallow coastal flooding, storms such as hurricanes and nor’easters, shoreline erosion, and sea level rise. 1

As sea levels rise and threats of coastal flooding increase, it is important that local decision-makers plan for the

future of the community.

To that end, a Coastal Vulnerability Assessment is intended as a process to catalogue the critical places and

infrastructure along with the associated vulnerability to climate impacts. These items are broken down into four

categories:

A. Community Resource Assets: local government and emergency response buildings, important

commercial sites (storm-related retail and/or major employers) , churches, libraries, shelters, schools

B. Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Assets: utilities and evacuation routes

C. Natural Areas and Ecosystems Assets: beaches, bayfronts, parks, forests, wetlands/critical habitat,

waterbodies

D. Vulnerable Sites and Populations: identifiable clusters of senior citizens (senior housing), low income

populations (affordable housing sites or census tracks with a large proportion of either individuals or

families living in poverty as defined by the US Census Bureau), those with limited English proficiency

(as defined by the US Census Bureau), active listed contaminated sites

Detailed tables of all identified assets and associated vulnerabilities for both of the study areas can be found in Appendix

A.

To complete a Coastal Vulnerability Assessment, local planning officials and local representatives work

together to build a matrix identifying community assets in each of the four categories. Asset locations are then

mapped along with future projections of storm surge and sea level rise. Next, a likely consequence of what

related flood risks might mean to the community for each asset it listed. The data in the report and mapping are

not guarantees of exposure, impact, or damage that will occur, but represent a baseline to jumpstart local

planning to avoid possible future impacts and assist in the capital planning/expenditure process moving

forward.

The short term goal of this process is to assist the local representatives in understanding the climate data and

information through the facilitated process of identifying assets and illustrating the potential exposure to future

climate scenarios. The long term goal of the process is the for the community to incorporate this data and

information into their local land use planning decisions, zoning ordinances, and capital investments – with the

overarching vision being that future climate change projections become an integral part of land use policy in

coastal communities.

Identifying Assets as part of the GTR Process The objective of this project was to provide direct technical, GIS, resiliency planning assistance to New Jersey

coastal communities as a means to develop a standard of planning practice for municipal resilience in New

1 https://www.coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/stories/delawarebay.html


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Jersey based on tools and processes developed by the NJ Coastal Management Program and Rutgers University.

One of municipalities chosen was Lavallette Borough of Ocean County.

Through the Coastal Zone Management Program in New Jersey, some communities perform an assessment of

their community’s assets separate of the Getting to Resilience (GTR) Process2, some communities have

performed it alongside the GTR Process (as Lavallette has), while other coastal communities in New Jersey

have not performed either processes.

This project report is an example of the dual process help in two communities. Critical Assets were listed and

mapped by Rutgers staff prior to the first meeting with municipal officials. The asset inventory was then

finalized during the first meeting along with local officials who became the designated stakeholder group for

both the asset identification as well as the GTR Process. Members of the stakeholder group are listed are

below:

Donnelly Amico, Deputy Municipal Clerk

Joyce Deutsch, Planning Board Secretary

Colin Grant, Chief of Police/OEM Coordinator

Ken Kiseli, Construction Official

Michael ODonnell, Borough Engineer

Chris Parlow, Municipal Administrator/Clerk

Gary Royer, Zoning/Code Enforcement Officer

Bill Zalinski, First Aid

It is very clear that New Jersey’s coastal communities have been experiencing meeting fatigue since Superstom

Sandy, and because of this, as the asset matrix and mapping were updated/completed, it was placed on an online

dropbox site for review by the stakeholder groups at any time and comments were accepted throughout the

project process.

Future Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge Projections According to the USEPA, climate change will impact coastal areas

via sea level rise, changes in the frequency and intensity of storms,

increases in precipitation, and warmer ocean temperatures. This

report focuses on projected future sea level rise and storm surge

inundation. According to Rutgers University’s 2013 State of the

Climate Report3 using sea level rise projections from Miller et al.4,

scientists anticipate the arrival of one foot of sea level rise before

2050. As sea level rise is expected to accelerate this century, three

feet of sea level rise is very likely before 2100. In the table below,

2 http://www.prepareyourcommunitynj.org/ 3 State of the Climate: New Jersey 203. Rutgers Climate Institute 4 NJ sea level rise projection ranges and best estimates. K.G. Miller, R.E. Kopp, B.P.Horton, J.V. Browning, and A.C. Kemp, 2013, A geological perspective on sea - level rise and its impacts along the U.S. mid - Atlantic coast. Earth’s Future 1: 3 - 18, doi:10.1002/2013EF000135


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the “low”, “high”, and “best” estimates for sea level rise projections for New Jersey for the years 2030, 2050

and 2100 are displayed. “Best” refers to a 50% likelihood of that level of sea level rise occurring.

Figure 1: Range of Sea Level Rise Estimates 5

This project analyzed sea level rise in one foot increments, or

1, 2 and 3 feet using publicly available spatial data

developed by NOAA.6 At the time this report was written,

Rutgers Climate Alliance’s Science Technical Advisory

Committee (STAP) was in the final stages of developing new

guidance on sea level rise and storm surge water levels and

these latest numbers were not used as part of this project.

Another way climate change will impact coastal

communities is with an increase in frequency and intensity of

storms.

Categories 1, 2 and 3 storm surge were mapped using the

Sea, Lake, and Overland Surge from Hurricanes (SLOSH)

data7 developed by the National Weather Service/NOAA to

estimate storm surge heights resulting from historical, hypothetical, or predicted hurricanes, taking into account

the atmospheric pressure, size, forward speed, and track data of storms.

According to the National Hurricane Center8, Category 1 storm characteristics include:

Sustained winds of 74-95 mph

Well-constructed frame homes could have damage to roof, shingles, vinyl siding and gutters.

Large branches of trees will snap and shallow rooted trees may be toppled.

Extensive damage to power lines and poles likely will result in power outages that could last a few to

several days.

Category 2 storm characteristics:

Sustained winds of 96-110 mph

Well-constructed frame homes could sustain major roof and siding damage.

Many shallowly rooted trees will be snapped or uprooted and block numerous roads.

Near-total power loss is expected with outages that could last from several days to weeks.

Category 3 storm characteristics:

Sustained winds of 111-129

Well-built framed homes may incur major damage or removal of roof decking and gable ends.

5 Miller et al., 2013 6 https://coast.noaa.gov/slr/data/ 7http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/surge/slosh.php 8 National Hurricane Center Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshws.php


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Many trees will be snapped or uprooted, blocking numerous roads.

Electricity and water will be unavailable for several days to weeks after the storm passes.

Municipal Overview Map 1. Lavallette Borough, NJ Basemap

The Borough of Lavallette is a coastal

community located on the Barnegat Peninsula in

Ocean County, NJ, which separates the

Barnegat Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. The US

Census 2015 population estimates put the

population of Lavallette at 1,807. Interestingly,

of that, 347 are veterans, or nearly 20% of the

population. There are 3,117 housing units in the

Borough and a median household income of

$67,813, with 7.9% of individuals living below

the poverty level. The 2010 US Census lists the

median age for Lavallette as 60.3 and 21.9% of

households as someone 65 years of age or older

living alone. In terms of race, 96% of the

population is White alone, and 98% of the

population English speaking.

Lavallette Borough has a total land area of .81

square miles and three main zoning districts:

Business (22.47 acres), Downtown Business

(2.7 acres), and Residential (284.26 acres of 3

sub-zones permitting varying residential

intensity).


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Map 2. Lavallette Borough Development Intensity

Commercial sites are located primary along State Route

35/Grand Central Ave running north to south in the Borough.

The majority of the town consists of high density residential

and a smaller portion of medium density residential located

on West Pond Island at the southwest end of the Borough.

Lavallette Borough Geospatial Inventory The following maps were created for the Borough steering committee to review and provide any comments

prior to the start of the CVA/GTR process and remain available for municipal review on the project Dropbox

site:

Sea Level Rise of 1 Foot for 2050 and 3 Feet for 2100 (NOAA data using years and projected rise from

Rutgers Climate Report, 2013)

Categories 1-3 Storm Surge (NOAA SLOSH data) with the depths for each storm

Sandy Surge

Flood Insurance Rate Map (FEMA data)

Flood Depth of 1% Chance Annual Flood (FEMA data)

Impervious Cover (NJDEP LULC 2012 data update)

CVI (NJDEP)

*NFIP Repetitive and Severe Repetitive Loss data are already obtained and catalogued in-house by the

Borough and used for outreach purposes.

The following maps were created per the CVA process and extended the geospatial inventory in the Dropbox

folder:

Coastal Vulnerability Assessment (CVA) Critical Assets Map Series – each asset category mapped with sea

level rise 1-3 feet and storm surge depth projections for categories 1-3 storms.


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Community Resources

Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Systems

Natural Assets and Ecosystems

Other Vulnerable Pop. Or Areas (KCS, Mobile home parks, areas of low income/limited

English language proficiency) – Lavallette has limited KCS, none of the other categories

applied)

Lavallette Borough Critical Community Assets A table of Lavallette Borough’s detailed critical assets with their depth projections for storm surge and

likelihood of impact by projected sea level rise are included as Appendix Item A.


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Figure 2: All Critical Community Assets, Lavallette Borough

1. Bay Blvd

2. Bayfront Park

3. Contaminated Sites (3)

4. Beach Public Access Points

5. Business District

6. Chandler Ball Field

7. Designated lots for post-storm debris

8. Electric Substation

9. Faith Lutheran Church

10. Herbert St into Brick Township

11. Jacobson Park

12. Kelly’s Sea Bay Sunoco

13. Lavallette Hardware

14. Lavallette MUA

15. Lavallette School

16. Lavallette Yacht Club

17. Lifeguard Headquarters

18. Municipal Boat Slips

19. Municipal water infrastructure

20. Newark Ave Pocket Park

21. OCUA Facility

22. Police Department

23. Post Office

24. Public Beach

25. Rite Aid

26. Route 35 N and S

27. Route 37 into Toms River

28. Saint Pio Church

29. Station 69 Fire House

30. Telecomm Tower

31. Town Hall

32. Union Church

33. Upper Shores Library

34. Water Tower


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Map 3: All Critical Community Assets, Lavallette Borough

Community Resource Assets, Lavallette

Borough

The first set of critical assets identified were

Community Resources. In Lavallette, the 16

identified Community Resources include:

Municipal Operations: Town Hall, Pubic

Works, the Post Office, the Lifeguard

Headquarters, one school, and the Public

Library

Emergency Response: the Police

Department and Fire Department

Headquarters

1 Gas Station

The Business District encompassing all

storefronts along Route 35, running the entire

length of the town

3 churches

1 hardware store and 1 pharmacy,

considered storm-related retail

The Lavallette Yacht Club


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Map 4: Community Resources with

Future Projected Sea Level Rise 1-3 Feet

Future sea level rise of 1 foot is likely to

impact mainly the back bay area, where

no community asset resources are

located. Sea level rise of 2 feet will

begin to impact some of the roads in

town and therefore access to and from

some resources, but no resources

themselves. Sea level rise of 3 feet will

being to impact sites such as churches,

pharmacies, the gas station, emergency

response, and the municipal building.

Map 5: Community Resources and

Category 1 Storm Surge Inundation

A category 1 storm is likely to impact all

of the community resources with a depth

of up to 3 feet (aside from the lifeguard

headquarters, which is protected by

dunes on the eastern/ocean side).


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Critical Facilitates and Infrastructure Assets, Lavallette Borough

The second set of critical assets identified were Critical Facilities and Infrastructure. In Lavallette, the 11

identified Critical Facilities and Infrastructure include:

Utility-related infrastructure including a water tower, telecomm tower, an electrical substation, 4 drinking

water well, 3 water treatment sites, and one Ocean County Utilities Authority facility



A category 2 storm is likely to impact all

of the community resources including

the lifeguard headquarters, with up to 3

feet, 3-6 feet of storm surge closest to the

ocean beach, and 6-9 feet in the

remainder of the town to the bay.



A category 3 storm is likely to inundate

the Borough with over 9 feet of water,

except for the area running north to south

adjacent to the ocean beach dunes.


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Evacuation Routes, both state designated and those of local importance

Areas of storage for storm debris collection (1 asset consisting of several neighboring bayfront park areas)

Map 8: Critical Facilities and

Infrastructure with Future Projected Sea

Level Rise 1-3 Feet

Of the Critical Facilities and

Infrastructure, 4 are likely to be impacted

by 1 foot of projected sea level rise by

2050 and all are likely subject to a

certain degree of impact to 3 feet of

projected sea level rise by 2100.


Infrastructure and Category 1 Storm

Surge Inundation, Lavallette Borough

Category 1 storm surge is likely to

impact all of the Critical Facilities and

Infrastructure with anywhere from 0-3

feet.


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all of the critical facilities and

infrastructure with depths from 6-9 feet.





all of the critical facilities and

infrastructure with depths over 9 feet.


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Natural Areas and Ecosystems Assets, Lavallette Borough The third set of critical assets identified were Natural Areas and Ecosystems. Lavallette, the 7 identified Natural

Areas and Ecosystems include:

4 park areas

1 small area of municipally-owned boat slips

Public beach access locations at the street ends (1 asset consisting of 29 individual points along the ocean)

The beach

Map 12: Natural Areas and Ecosystems

with Future Projected Sea Level Rise 1-3

Feet, Lavallette Borough

Of 7 Natural Areas and Ecosystems, only

1 park and the public access locations are

not likely to be impacted by 1 foot of

projected sea level rise. Only the public

access points onto the beach at the street

ends are likely to be impacted by 3 feet

of projected sea level rise, as the

beachfront is currently protected by

dunes.


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and Category 1 Storm Surge Inundation,

Lavallette Borough

Current modeling shows all of the

Natural Areas and Ecosystems Assets,

aside from the beach and public access

points being impacted to a certain degree

by category 1 storm surge, with depths of

0-3 feet.



Lavallette Borough

All of the Natural Areas and Ecosystems

Assets, aside from the beach and public

access points being impacted to a certain

degree by category 2 storm surge, with

depths of 6-9 feet.


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Vulnerable Sites and Populations, Lavallette Borough The fourth set of critical assets identified were Vulnerable Sites and Populations. In Lavallette, the 2 identified

Vulnerable Sites and Populations include:

3 sites listed by the NJ Department of Environmental Protection as being active cases of contamination

A Borough-wide population with a median age of 60.3



Lavallette Borough

All of the Natural Areas and Ecosystems

Assets, aside from the beach and public

access points being impacted to a certain

degree by category 2 storm surge, with

depths over 9 feet. The public access

points will likely see 0-3 feet of water.


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Map 16: Vulnerable Sites and

Populations with Future Projected Sea

Level Rise 1-3 Feet, Lavallette Borough

The northern most site listed as actively

contaminated will likely be impacted by

2 feet of sea level rise. At 3 feet of sea

level rise, the southernmost site may also

be impacted.


Populations and Category 1 Storm Surge

Inundation, Lavallette Borough

Category 1 storm surge is likely to

impact all 3 sites with depths of 0-3 feet.


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Category 2 storm surge will likely

impact all 3 of the sites with depths 6-9

feet.




Category 3 storm surge will likely

impact all 3 of the sites with depths of

over 9 feet.


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Addressing Vulnerability through Local Land Use and Regional Actions: A Regional

Resilience Action Plan (RRAP)

Local Planning Recommendations

As part of the Community Asset Assessment, a desktop assessment of gaps in resilience-related planning

documents and topics was performed. When deciding upon the best way to work this desktop review into the

GTR Report text, it was decided that too much of the desktop review overlaps with the municipal planning

document review already performed as a part of the GTR process. Therefore, it is not recommended that a

municipal planning document review be done in the future as part of a Coastal Vulnerability Assessment, but

remain imbedded as an integral part of the GTR process. Detailed tables of the planning document review can

be found as Appendix B.

Below is a table of the areas where both Lacey and Lavallette had similar gaps in planning documents and

procedures and could consider working together in the future to develop resilience-related planning policies and

documents:

Table 1: Local Planning Document Resilience Review for the 2 Communities

Planning Document Shared Gap Recommendation Model/Example Possible Associated CRS

Activity

Master Plan

(General)

Sea Level Rise and Storm

Surge Projection not included

Insert the data from this

report into the next

municipal master plan

reexam.

Somers Point, NJ 2015

Master Plan

Miami-Dade

Comprehensive Master

Plan

North Wildwood, NJ 2010

Master Plan

Activity 240 “Develop new

maps and data”

Circulation Element Lavallette has incorporated

Complete Streets design into

their roadways and Lacey has

a desire to do so. Currently,

no green infrastructure

techniques being used or

proposed for either

Incorporate green

infrastructure as an integral

part of circulation planning

to enhance stormwater

management throughout

areas with high amount of

impervious surfaces

Chicago Green Alleys

Program

City of Lancaster Green

Infrastructure Plan, 2011

Examples in Washington

state done by SvR Design

Company

Activity 310, 430, and 450

”Regulating development in

the floodplain and

watershed”

Activity 520 and 530

“Protecting flood-prone

buildings in place and

addressing repetitively

flooded properties”

Elevation Ordinance Green infrastructure on lots

with raised homes currently

not recommended by either

town

Adopt or build into an

existing development

ordinance to encouraging

the use permeable/non

paved surfaces on lots

where homes are and will be

raised.



the floodplain and

watershed”

Floodplain

Management Plan

Both towns lack a FMP. Adopt a FMP Brick, NJ Flood Plain

Management Plan


maps and data”



the floodplain and

watershed”


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“Protecting natural

floodplain functions”

Public Access Plan Lacey does not have a PAP

and Lavallette has the access

point data, but no plan.

Adopt a PAP incorporating

future climate scenario data

and its impact on access to

bay and beach location in

the future and also how

these areas may serve as

essential to stormwater

mitigation

Stone Harbor, NJ

Municipal Public Access

Plan


maps and data”



the floodplain and

watershed”

Capital Improvement

Planning

Neither town considers future

storm or climate scenarios in

their capital planning.

Either adopt a CIP or

consider future climate

scenarios when drafting the

annual budget for capital

expenditure items that may

be impacted by future storm

surge or sea level rise.

City of Boynton Beach

Climate Action Plan

(Capital Planning)


maps and data”

Community Facilities Lacey does not have a CFP

and Lavallette’s element

states a need for Bayfront

recreation facility

improvements.

Create/update the elements

to include future storm

surge and sea level rise data

to assist in the planning of

new or relocation of

community facilities such as

parks, fire houses, cultural

sites, etc.

Community Asset

Vulnerability mapping

included in this project.



the floodplain and

watershed”






Utility Service Lacey states a need for

updated data and mapping on

newly added utility

infrastructure in town and

Lavallette’s states a continued

need for utility infrastructure

maintenance and upgrades,

yet neither elements seek to

overlay this data with future

storm surge and sea level rise

projections.

Both towns could update

this element with the latest

data and mapping of all

utility infrastructure that has

been added since the last

reexam and overlay with the

climate data.

Integrating Climate Change

and Water Supply Planning

in Southeast Florida,

Southeast Florida Compact

Silicon Valley 2.0 –

Climate Preparedness Gap

Analysis



the floodplain and

watershed”






Public Access Lacey’s latest Master Plan

reexamination report calls for

the creation of a PAP.

Lavallette has an inventory of

the PA locations and in also

interested in writing a plan.

Use PA points from NJDEP

as well as local knowledge

to create a PAP. Include

data on likely future impacts

of storm surge and sea level

rise and how access to the

bay/ocean may be impacted

in the future,

Harrison Town

Linden City


maps and data”



the floodplain and

watershed”


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Regional Actions

The Ocean County Hazard Mitigation Plan

Under the direction of the County Sherriff’s department, Ocean County completed a full Hazard Mitigation

Base Plan in 2014, with annual updates for 2015 and 2016. Neither Lacey nor Lavallette completed any

prescribed Hazard Mitigation Projects in 2015 and 2016. Below is a table of the areas where both Lacey and

Lavallette had similar HMP project and procedural recommendation:

Table 2: Shared HMP Recommendations and Gaps for the 2 Communities

Shared HMP Recommendation

Continue to enforce building codes

Continue to participate in the NFIP

Elevate residential properties

Join, maintain and or/increase rating in CRS Program

The recommendations could benefit from a multi-municipal approach through continued participation in the

County HMP process. Building codes, for example, could be coordinated with each municipality throughout the

County and joined with future potential sea level rise and storm surge data to then develop model codes for

specific areas of the communities such as the Barrier Island, area of lagoon residential, inland riverine areas,

etc.

Ocean County CRS Users Group

In working on a multi-jurisdictional or county level, municipalities can pool knowledge and resources to impact

regional resilience.

While Lacey Township is not an active member in the program, officials participate in the Community Ratings

System (CRS) Users Group facilitated by Ocean County, formed as a result of the post-Sandy County Hazard

Mitigation Planning process. Lavallette does participate in the CRS program.

Aside from greater resilience to storm and flood damage, the incentives for municipalities to participate in the

CRS program is to provide National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) participants a discounted rate when the

municipality goes above and beyond NFIP requirements. There are four series of activates in the CRS program:

Public Information

Mapping and Regulatory

Flood Damage Reduction

Warning and Response

The Users Group can serve as the venue for knowledge transfer on such things as the latest and greatest climate

data (i.e. updates to sea level rise projections) to ensure that municipalities are using the same data as their

neighbors, and share knowledge on mitigation techniques such as wetland restoration.


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The Atlantic Cape Coastal Coalition, for example, has in the past used their monthly meetings to have

professionals from Steven’s Institute of Technology present to participants on the science and application of

living shoreline projects. It is also not uncommon for Users Groups to share templates of ordinances used in

their towns so that other participant towns can model them in their own communities. Bringing local, state, and

federal experts and advisors to CRS user groups and regional coalition meetings is a way for each community to

build trusted relationships and also gain broader and more in-depth understanding of climate and environmental

impacts from these experts without individual, localized meetings which many of the smaller communities may

not have the resources to facilitate.

Multi-Jurisdictional Program for Public Information (PPI)

Joint outreach efforts, in the form of Multi-Jurisdictional Programs for Public Information (PPI), offer more

CRS points and therefore a bigger discount for policy holders. PPI’s can offer information on community assets

and flood hazards (like the ones listed in this report), insurance data, social and economic needs, and identify

the different audiences in town to direct the information to. The CRS Users group consists of pertinent hazard

mitigation personnel in the participating Ocean County towns, and these same individuals partake in the GTR

process and could therefore also serve as the PPI stakeholders. Through the PPI process, target areas in the

community are identified for outreach. The data in this plan already identifies the areas and assets in the two

communities where sea level rise of 1, 2, and 3 feet and storm surge (with inundation depths) are likely to occur

in the future. This includes lagoon residential, waterfront businesses, beachfront rental units, etc. The CRS

users group is a great resource to formulate the public outreach message in a cohesive manner so that protecting

people and property from flood hazards and also protecting the natural floodplain functions is done in a unified

manner throughout the region.

An example provided by the CRS Program of a Model Multi-Jurisdictional PPI is the Snohomish County,

Monroe, and Sultan PPI of Washington State.

Table 3: Summary of Regional Resilience Actions

Action Benefit

Adding resilience-related data to

local planning documents

Communities can begin to incorporate future climate scenarios

into planning and zoning to help shape the future of the towns

Continued participation in the Ocean

County HMP process

Lobby for shared HMP projects for regional importance i.e.

coordination of building codes.

Participate in the County-wide CRS

Users Group

Vital for use of cohesive data, mapping, model plans and

ordinances, professional training, education , and grant

opportunities, etc.

Public Outreach and Education via a

Multi-Jurisdiction PPI

Important to develop a unified message to residents of two

communities as well as the entire county


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Communicating to the Public about Vulnerable Assets - Project Products Enhancing Municipal Websites, Flood and Storm Water information

Municipal officials may use the data in this assessment to determine which assets are most critical to them by

incorporating this data into their vision of where and how they see the community growing in the future, and

also by considering the cost-benefit of projects that are needed to mitigate the future climate impacts on the

critical community assets. Another important exercise that communities can do with this information is to

communicate to the public the projected vulnerabilities, and allow residents to participate in the conversation on

the community’s vision for the future, land use planning scenarios and capital investments decisions. This can

be done via facilities workshops, presentations to the planning board/town council with members of the public

in attendance, or creating a communication strategy to be housed at the municipal building and/or municipal

website. Most communities already have a flood information section on their website where this information

could be added.

Currently, the Lavallette municipal

website offers a Flood information

Link on the main Borough webpage.

This link directs users to information

on:

NFIP

Flood Protection and Coastal Storm

Safety

CRS

Permit requirements

Drainage Maintenance

Property Protection Measurers

Flood Safety

Flood / Local Hazard

Flood Map (along with the natural

and beneficial functions of dunes and

beach)

Local Directory of Contacts

Substantial Improvements / Damage

Repair

Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs)

Information

Flood Warning System

Both the Lacey and Lavallette municipal websites off similar information on flood hazard and safety. Missing

from this information the future impacts that the town may encounter as sea levels rise. Both communities are


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encouraged to use the information in this report, or the upcoming Rutgers Climate Alliance STAP guidance, to

communicate future vulnerabilities to the public with an additional tab on their flood and hazard website

locations.

Project Poster

Project poster, to be delivered to the community and housed at the municipal building, was made with the assets

de-identified, as to not map the well and pump station locations. The poster could be used as the starting point

for future resilience planning/a future resilience element in the municipal master plan.


27 | P a g e

Appendix A: Lavallette Borough Detailed Table of Community Assets and

Vulnerability

B-1: Community Resource Assets, Lavallette Borough Asset

Sub

Catego

ry

Asset

Name

Addres

s

Asset

Notes

Expos

ure to

SLR

2030

(1ft)

Expos

ure to

SLR

2050

(2ft)

Exposur

e to

SLR

2100

(3ft)

Exposu

re to

Cat 1

Inunda

tion

Exposu

re to

Cat 2

Inunda

tion

Exposu

re to

Cat 3

Inunda

tion

Potential

Consequenc

es

Munici

pal

Operati

ons

Town

Hall

1306

Grand

Central

Ave

has

generato

r

no no partial entirely

(0-3 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

Has

generator,

but could

still

potentially

lose use of

municipal

operations at

this specific

location

during storm

event.

Building was

rebuilt post-

Sandy and is

elevated but

access to and

from

building will

be impacted

by flooded

roads.

Munici

pal

Operati

ons

Lavallett

e MUA

120

Washin

gton

Ave

has

generato

r


(0-3 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

Access to

and from

building will

be impacted

by flooding

roads as well

as 2100 sea

level rise

projections.

Town could

lose use of

this site for

MUA/DPW

activities in

future.

Emerg

ency

Respon

se - PD

Police

Dept.

1306

Grand

Central

Ave

has

generato

r


(0-3 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

access to and

from

building will

be impacted

by flooding

roads as well


28 | P a g e

as 2100 sea

level rise

projections.

During storm

events, PD

will likely

have to

operate from

alternate.

Emerg

ency

Respon

se -

Fire

Station

69 Fire

Dept.

125

Washin

gton

Ave

can hold

3 trucks

- has

generato

r

no no yes entirely

(0-3 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

access to and

from

building will

be impacted

by flooding

roads as well

as 2100 sea

level rise

projections.

The potential

future

consequence

s would lead

the facility to

consider

alternate

equipment

storage

locations and

careful

evacuation

planning in

the future.

Gas

Station

Kelly's

Sea Bay

Sunoco

2007

Grand

Central

Ave

only gas

station

in town


(0-3 ft)

entirely

(3-9 ft)

entirely

(3-9 ft)

Only gas

station in

town.

Residents

and

emergency

personnel

who remain

in town

during/after

a storm

event will

need

alternate fuel

source.


29 | P a g e

Busine

ss

District

Business

District

Rt 35

from

Brynma

wr Ave

to

Dover

Ave

Various

business

es along

the

highway

front

no rt 35

betwe

en

Vance

and

Camd

en

may

see

water

entirely

from N

end at

Bryn

Mawr

going S

to

Pennsyl

vania

Ave. It

is then

partial

from

Penn to

most

southern

road end

a

Trenton

Ave.

But, due

to

inability

to utilize

road, it

should

be

consider

ed

entirely

inundate

d.

entirely

(0-3 ft)

entirely

(3-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

This is the

commercial

hub of the

community

and the

various

shops and

restaurants

serve locals,

summer

renters, and

summer

tourists. The

long-term

loss of local

businesses

would

gravely

impact the

community.

Church Faith

Lutheran

Church

1801

Grand

Central

Ave

Has a

food

pantry

no no partial -

roadway

s to west

and

south

entirely

(0-3 ft)

entirely

(3-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

Based on

2100 sea

level rise

projections

and storm

surge for

cats 1 and 2,

the

community

may lose use

of its places

of worship in

the future

and

during/imme

diately after

storm events.

Also, if

churches

offer

services such


30 | P a g e

as a food

pantry, these

services will

also be

disrupted.

Church Union

Church

25

Philadel

phia

Ave

no no yes entirely

(0-3 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

Based on

2100 sea

level rise

projections

and storm

surge for

cats 1 and 2,

the

community

may lose use

of its places

of worship in

the future

and

during/imme

diately after

storm events.

Also, if

churches

offer

services such

as a food

pantry, these

services will

also be

disrupted.

Church Saint

Pio

Church

103

Washin

gton

Ave

no no yes entirely

(0-3 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

Based on

2100 sea

level rise

projections

and storm

surge for

cats 1 and 2,

the

community

may lose use

of its places

of worship in

the future

and

during/imme

diately after

storm events.


31 | P a g e

Also, if

churches

offer

services such

as a food

pantry, these

services will

also be

disrupted.

Library Upper

Shores

Library

112

Jersey

City

Ave


(0-3 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

Library will

either need

to be raised

or relocated

if the local

branch is to

remain long

term.

Storm-

Related

Retail

Lavallett

e

Hardwar

e

1601 Rt

35 N

no no yes entirely

(0-3 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

This is the

only

hardware

store in town

and residents

and business

owners in

town will

need to find

an alternate

source for

storm

preparation

and repair

items pre

and post-

events.

School Lavallett

e School

105

Brookly

n Ave

k-8,

approx.

160

students

and 17

staff - no

generato

r

no no not site

but

access

roads

entirely

(0-3 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

serves grades

k-8. will not

be able to be

used a

shelter or an

evacuation

location.

Munici

pal

Operati

ons

Lifeguar

d

Headqua

rters

1200

Philadel

phia

and

Ocean

Ave

currently

being

construct

ed

no no no no -

currentl

y dune

protecte

d

no -

dune

currentl

y

protecte

d

may see

0-3 feet

(dune

protecte

d)

raised and

currently

dune

protected


32 | P a g e

Marina Lavallett

e Yacht

Club

124

Swan

Point

Rd

has slips

and

infrastru

cture

partial

at

waterf

ront

yes yes yes (0-6

ft)

yes (6-

9ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

reoccurring

property

damage may

cause users

to not keep

boats at this

location/patr

onize the

location and

may impact

business.

Post

Office

Post

Office

3191

Route

35 N

no no yes entirely

(0-3 ft)

yes (6-

9ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

disruption of

mail services

Pharma

cy

Rite Aid

Pharmac

y

702

Grand

Central

Ave


(0-3 ft)

yes (6-

9ft)

entirely

(6-9 ft)

residents

would need

to make

other

arrangement

s for

medications

B-2: Critical Facility and Infrastructure Assets, Lavallette Borough Asset

Sub

Catego

ry

Asset

Name

Addres

s

Asset

Descrip

tion

Exposu

re to

SLR

2030

(1ft)

Exposu

re to

SLR

2050

(2ft)

Exposu

re to

SLR

2100

(3ft)

Exposu

re to

Cat 1

Inunda

tion

Exposu

re to

Cat 2

Inunda

tion

Exposu

re to

Cat 3

Inunda

tion

Potential

Consequen

ces

Utility Water

tower

120

Washin

gton

Ave

At

public

works

site -

has

telecom

m on

top for 4

provider

s

no partial partial -

site

entirely

(0-3 ft.)

entirely

(6-9 ft.)

entirely

(over 9

ft)

The pump

used to

refill the

tower could

potentially

be

impacted.

Utility Munici

pal

Water

120

Washin

gton

Ave

1 well 1

treatme

nt site

(munici

pal

water)

no partial partial entirely

(0-3 ft.)

entirely

(6-9 ft.)

entirely

(over 9

ft)

If system

impacted by

flood

waters,

water

treatment

will be

effected.

Utility OCUA

facility

Corner

of Bay

and

White

OCUA

facility

no yes yes entirely

(0-3 ft.)

entirely

(6-9 ft.)

entirely

(over 9

ft)

If system

impacted by

flood

waters,

water


33 | P a g e

treatment

will be

effected.

Utility Munici

pal

Water

Corner

of

Newark

and Bay

has

generato

r, 2

wells 1

treatme

nt site

(munici

pal

water)

no yes yes entirely

(0-3 ft.)

entirely

(6-9 ft.)

entirely

(over 9

ft)

Elevated 2

feet. If

system

impacted by

flood

waters,

water

treatment

will be

effected.

Evacua

tion

Route

Rt 35

N and

S

State

designat

ed

no yes yes entirely

(0-3 ft.)

entirely

(6-9 ft.)

entirely

(over 9

ft)

If not

earlier

evacuated,

people will

not be able

to leave

town/emerg

ency rescue

may not be

possible.

Evacua

tion

Route

Rt 37

into

Toms

River

State

designat

ed

likely

some

interfer

ence at

both

ends

some

interfere

nce at

both

ends

some

interfer

ence at

both

ends

0-3 ft.

at both

ends

3-9 feet

at both

ends

entirely

(over 9

ft)

those

looking to

evacuate via

Rt 37 into

Toms River

may lose

this route

option and

will have to

travel north

to Brick, if

possible.

Evacua

tion

Route

Herbert

St into

Brick

twp.

State

designat

ed -

Herbert

is

County

528 -

takes

driver

into

mainlan

d Brick

yes - at

both

ends

yes - at

both

ends

yes - at

both

ends

0-6 ft.

at both

ends

6-9 ft.

at both

ends

entirely

(over 9

ft)

Those

looking to

evacuate

into Brick

may lose

this route

option and

will have to

travel south

to Toms

River, if

possible.


34 | P a g e

Evacua

tion

Routes

- local

importa

nce

Bay

Blvd

Not

state

designat

ed but

locally

importa

nt -

takes

driver to

bridge

into

Toms

River

partially

in areas

of

Preside

nt,

Reese,

and

Vance

Yes,

mostly

from

Ortley

to

Washin

gton

yes 0-3 feet

through

out

town

and

much of

approac

h, 0-3

ft. at

bridge

seaside

heights,

3-6

through

out

some

areas of

Ortley

6-9 ft.

through

out

town, 0-

6 ft. at

final

approac

h

entirely

(over 9

ft)

Will impact

evacuation

of residents,

specifically

homes on

the bay

side.

Storage Design

ated

boat

and car

parking

for

storm

events

No

Official

Storage Design

ated

lots for

post

storm

event

debris

collecti

on

Along

Bay

Ave

Large

lot with

some

paveme

nt and

sand

partial -

along

Bay

Yes,

mostly

from

Ortley

to

Washin

gton

yes yes,

mostly

0-3 ft.

with

small

areas of

3-6 ft.

closest

to Bay

yes,

mostly

6-9 ft.

with

small

areas

over 9

feet

closest

to Bay

entirely

(over 9

ft)

Future sea

level will

cause the

loss of this

site's use as

debris

collection/st

orage going

forward.

Utility Teleco

mm

Towers

120

Washin

gton

Ave

alongsi

de

Brookly

n Ave

On top

of water

tower -

4

provider

s


site

entirely

(0-3 ft.)

entirely

(6-9 ft.)

entirely

(over 9

ft)

Disruption

of cell

service.

Utility Electric

Substat

ion

120

Washin

gton

Ave

alongsi

de Rt

35

JCP&L

and

Lavallet

te

Electric

Dept.


site

entirely

(0-3 ft.)

entirely

(6-9 ft.)

entirely

(over 9

ft)

Disruption

of power.


35 | P a g e

B-3: Natural Areas and Ecosystems Assets, Lavallette Borough Asset

Sub

Catego

ry

Asset

Name

Addre

ss

Asset

Notes

Expos

ure to

SLR

2030

(1ft)

Expos

ure to

SLR

2050

(2ft)

Expos

ure to

SLR

2100

(3ft)

Exposur

e to Cat

1

Inundat

ion

Exposur

e to Cat

2

Inundat

ion

Exposur

e to Cat

3

Inundat

ion

Potential

Consequenc

es

Park/be

ach

Jacobs

on

Park

Bay

Blvd

no

bathroom

partial

- along

water's

edge

partial

- along

water's

edge

and

side by

road,

park

itself

seems

elevate

d

yes 0-3 ft.

with 3-6

ft. along

water's

edge

6-9 ft.

with

over 9 ft.

along

water's

edge

entirely

(over

9ft)

Community

could lose

recreation

area/infrastru

cture. The

bayfront area

also serves as

a buffer for

nearby

homes and

continued

degradation

by storms

and wave

action will

impact the

bayfront

beach and

park area

role in wave

attenuation.

Park/be

ach

Bayfro

nt Park

Bay

Blvd

no

bathroom

(has port-

a-potties

for

events)-

has

tennis,

shufflebo

ard, 2

crabbing

docs,

gazebo

for

summer

concerts

along

water's

edge

yes yes 0-3 ft.

with 3-6

ft. along

water's

edge

6-9 ft.

with

over 9 ft.

along

water's

edge

entirely

(over

9ft)

Community

could lose

recreation

area/infrastru

cture. The

bayfront area

also serves as

a buffer for

nearby

homes and

continued

degradation

by storms

and wave

action will

impact the


36 | P a g e

- boat

ramp at

end of

New

Brunswic

k

bayfront

beach and

park area

role in wave

attenuation.

Park/be

ach

Chandl

er Ball

field

Princet

on

Ave

betwee

n Rt

35 and

Baltim

ore

Ave

has

bathroom

no no partial 3-6 ft. 6-9 ft.

with

over 9 ft.

along

water's

edge

entirely

(over

9ft)

Community

could lose

recreation

area/infrastru

cture for a

time after a

storm event.

Park/be

ach

Newar

k Ave

Pocket

park

end of

Newar

k Ave

Small

bridge

area of

recreatio

n (mostly

for

fishing)

yes yes yes 3-6 ft. 6-9 ft.

with

over 9 ft.

along

water's

edge

entirely

(over

9ft)

Small area of

recreation

would be

damaged/lost

.

Boat

Slips

Munici

pal

slips

End of

Jersey

City

Ave

5 slips

that town

rents out

yes yes yes 3-6 ft. over 9 ft.

along

water's

edge

entirely

(over

9ft)

Town would

lose revenue

from slip

rentals.

Public

access

points

Beach

Access

Points

NJDE

P lists

every

street

end

along

the

beach

front -

29

points

total.

Nothin

g for

Bay

Each has

seating

infrastruc

ture but

no

bathroom

s. The

only pier

is located

at Bond

Ave.

no no no currently

dune

protecte

d -

depends

on dune

perform

ance

currently

dune

protecte

d -

depends

on dune

perform

ance

currently

dune

protecte

d -

depends

on dune

perform

ance

If impacted

by storms

and rising

seas,

residents

could lose

access points

to the ocean

beach,

especially if

dunes fail

and need

regular

replenishmen

t.

Ocean

Beach

Public

Beach

Entire

eastern

shore

of

town

entire

length

dune

protect

ed

dune

protect

ed

dune

protect

ed

currently

dune

protecte

d -

depends

on dune

perform

ance

currently

dune

protecte

d -

depends

on dune

perform

ance

currently

dune

protecte

d -

depends

on dune

perform

ance

If impacted

by storms

and rising

seas,

residents

could lose

access points

to the ocean

beach,


37 | P a g e

especially if

dunes fail

and need

regular

replenishmen

t. Also

possibility of

beach

closures due

to

replenishmen

t projects.

B-4: Vulnerable Sites and Populations, Lavallette Borough Asset Sub

Category

Asset

Name

Address Asset

Descri

ption

Expos

ure to

SLR

2030

(1ft)

Expos

ure to

SLR

2050

(2ft)

Expos

ure to

SLR

2100

(3ft)

Expos

ure to

Cat 1

Inund

ation

Expos

ure to

Cat 2

Inund

ation

Expos

ure to

Cat 3

Inund

ation

Potential

Consequ

ences

Brownfield/ot

herwise

contaminated

site

Quick

Stop

1004

Grand

Central

Ave

listed

as

active

case

no yes yes entirely

(0-3

ft.)

entirely

(6-9

ft.)

entirely

(6-9

ft.)

Brownfield/ot

herwise

contaminated

site

KELLYS

SEA

BAY

SUNOCO

2007

GRAND

CENTRA

L AVE

listed

as

active

case


(0-3

ft.)

entirely

(3-9

ft.)

entirely

(6-9

ft.)

leakage

of

undergro

und

tank/eros

ion of

infrastruc

ture

Brownfield/ot

herwise

contaminated

site

LAVALL

ETTE

PUBLIC

WORKS

120

WASHIN

GTON

AVE

listed

as

active

case


(0-3

ft.)

entirely

(6-9

ft.)

entirely

(6-9

ft.)

leakage

of

undergro

und

tank/eros

ion of

infrastruc

ture


38 | P a g e

Appendix B: Lavallette Borough Detailed Planning Document Resilience Review

Municipal Master Plan

The latest Comprehensive Master Plan was drafted in August 2015 and is at this time being considered for

adoption by the Borough. The introduction to the Plan states that the Goals and Objectives contained within

each of its elements are intended to guide development and redevelopment within the Borough in a

manner that enhances resiliency, sustainability, public health and safety, and quality of life for all residents and

visitors alike.

Plan Section Resilience Included Gaps/Recommendations Examples/Models

(where available)

Associated CRS

Activity

1.Sandy Impacts

and Recovery

The Borough’s police station,

municipal complex, and lifeguard

headquarters all sustained

significant damage and were

demolished subsequent to

Hurricane Sandy. The municipal

complex is currently being

reconstructed, and the Borough

plans to reconstruct its lifeguard

headquarters on the same lot at

Philadelphia Avenue. Several parks

and associated park facilities, as

well as marine infrastructure

including fishing docks and boat

launches along the Bayfront

sustained significant damage.

Complete repair of all of the

infrastructure is still not complete

throughout the Borough. Also,

State Highway 35 was undermined

by floodwaters and required

substantial repairs and the

Borough’ s gas mains and

distribution lines, water and

sewer lines, stormwater systems,

and electrical infrastructure

sustained significant flood or wind-

related damage due to Hurricane

Sandy.

The Hurricane Sandy

impacts are fully

addressed but a

resilience item missing

could be the link of

future climate change

projections and

increased frequency and

intensity of storms.

Ocean County HMP Activity 240

“Develop new

maps and data”

Activity 320 and

440 “maintain

and provide

mapping and

data to public”

2. Land Use This section addresses the post-

Sandy trend of demolishing old

bungalows to build larger, single

family homes. The town addresses

the need to better plan for future

storm events. This section

addresses the vacant lots as being

spread throughout the Borough,

although the majority of vacant

parcels are riparian buffers

between developable residential

parcels and tidelands in

Residential District B. Many of

the Borough’s remaining vacant

parcels that are not riparian

buffers are either too small for

The following objective

was listed in this section

and has subsequently

been removed. It

remains a valid and

important objective for

a Borough a vulnerable

as Lavallette. “Promote

and advance the

integration of green

technologies,

sustainable design

elements, smart

growth, and resilient

construction methods

into the Borough Land

Somers Point, NJ 2015

Master Plan

Miami-Dade

Comprehensive Master

Plan

North Wildwood, NJ

2010 Master Plan

Activity 240

“Develop new

maps and data”

Activity 320 and

440 “maintain

and provide

mapping and

data to public”


39 | P a g e

development, environmentally

constrained, exist within a

beachfront area, or are otherwise

undevelopable due to the presence

of easements or other restrictions.

Development

Ordinance”. Also,

while trends are seen

due to storm related

rehabilitation and

rebuilding, certain areas

and roads within the

Borough are likely to

see constant inundation

in the future as a result

of projected sea level

rise. This will not only

result in more houses

needing to be raised, but

perhaps demolished

permanently. A note

was also written in to

add a statement on the

change in lot sizes and

coverage post-Sandy.

The vacant lots should

be addresses in more

detail in the plan; an

inventory should be

done to identify which

are truly protected by

buffer easements and

which are underutilized

but still hold

development potential.

These lots can then be

assessed for their

vulnerability to the

effects of future climate

change impacts and

then their allowable

development and uses

planned accordingly.

This is especially

important if the town

foresees the need for

additional residential

development in the

future.

3. Circulation After Hurricane Sandy, major

roadway repairs were completed

on Route 35 along the entire

barrier island, including

Lavallette. The total reconstruction

of Route 35 has replaced all

damaged utility infrastructure with

new and upgraded infrastructure

including a new stormwater

evacuation system under Route 35.

The Borough also incorporated

Complete Streets policies into their

roadway design and it has been

Regarding the street

design, there is no

mention of nature-

based/green stormwater

techniques being used,

possibly because of lack

of space due to parking

needs. The Borough

cold consider removal

of curbs and the use of

permeable pavement for

roads and sidewalks is

an important stormwater

management strategy.

Chicago Green Alleys

Program

City of Lancaster

Green Infrastructure

Plan, 2011

Examples in

Washington state done

by SvR Design

Company

Activity 310,

430, and 450

”Regulating

development in

the floodplain

and watershed”

Activity 402 and

510 “Protecting

natural

floodplain

functions”


40 | P a g e

incorporated with Rt 35

reconstruction.

Activity 520 and

530 “Protecting

flood-prone

buildings in

place and

addressing

repetitively

flooded

properties”

4. Community

Facilities

The Plan states that bayfront

recreational areas should be

improved to include more

amenities such as a boardwalks,

exercise stations, and bicycle

paths, especially in underutilized

areas along the Bayfront. The

Plan lists an inventory of these

facilities. The municipal building

was re-built post Sandy and there

are plans for a new lifeguard

headquarters.

It should be noted that

the Asset Vulnerability

Assessment shows some

of these sites and

facilities are vulnerable

to storm surge and

future sea level rise

projections and

consideration should be

made for the

infrastructure

investment made at

these sites and on

bayfront recreation

facilities and whether or

not the infrastructure

should be relocated.

Moss Point, Alabama Activity 310,

430, and 450

”Regulating

development in

the floodplain

and watershed”

Activity 520 and

530 “Protecting

flood-prone

buildings in

place and

addressing

repetitively

flooded

properties”

5. Recreation and

Conservation

Plan recognizes dunes as the

Borough’s first line of defense for

coastal storms. The Plan also

defines the Ocean berm and its

importance to the Borough - The

Ocean berm is the gently

sloping area between the dunes

and the ocean commonly referred

to as the beach. The berm is

important because during most

storm events, waves will

harmlessly run up and dissipate

before reaching the dunes,

thereby helping to reduce dune

erosion. As long as this area is

sufficiently maintained and wide

enough, Lavallette should be

protected from most severe weather

events. This emphasizes the

importance of beach replenishment

in the Borough. The Plan also

proposes wooden walk-overs that

can ensure one continuous dune

along the Borough. Encourage the

preservation of existing trees and

foliage and promote new planting.

While the Plan

mentions vulnerability

to coastal storms,

mention of storms

worsening due to future

climate change has been

removed from the text.

Monmouth County

Master Plan,

Community Resilience

Recommendation

NY State Open Space

Conservation Plan

“Our Changing

Climate” section

Activity 240

“Develop new

maps and data”

Activity 320 and

440 “maintain

and provide

mapping and

data to public”


41 | P a g e

6. Housing The Plan addresses the lack of

developable land for residential

units.

Although there are very

few undeveloped or

underutilized parcels

that could potentially be

considered for

residential development,

in the future, these areas

should be assessed for

vulnerability to future

climate change impacts.

Brick, NJ Floodplain

Management Plan

Activity 310,

430, and 450

”Regulating

development in

the floodplain

and watershed”

7. Utility Service Plan states the need to protect the

Borough against the adverse

impacts of flooding and poor

drainage through the continued

maintenance and improvement of

storm water facilities. Also, local

streets within the Borough are

not improved with storm

sewerage infrastructure. However,

NJDOT has provided and

maintains storm sewers along

Rt 35 North and maintains

approximately 25 additional catch

basins have at some street

intersections along Route 35 North.

Ocean County has provided and

maintains storm sewers along Bay

Blvd, Pershing Blvd, and Dickman

Drive. The entire storm sewer

system within the Borough consists

of approximately 268 catch basins,

the County road system also

includes Washington and Ortley

Avenues from Bay Boulevard to

Rt 35 and both the DOT and

County storm sewer systems

drain into Barnegat Bay through

a series of 29 outfalls. DOT is

undertaking corridor-wide

drainage improvements that

include the installation of water

quality chambers at all drainage

outfalls and the installation of

check valves at all outfall pipes

to prevent tidal or storm surge

backflow into the drainage

system. While there has been

some improvement in stormwater

management resulting from this

project, several areas of the

Borough are still in need of

improved drainage facilities.

This section has a Flood

Prevention and

Mitigation subsection

which discusses the

Borough’s CRS score

and participation in the

NFIP. The

recommendations of

this subsection are to

upgrade and maintain

the storm and sewer

infrastructure in the

Borough and have little

to do with the actual

text of the subsection.

This subsection should

delve deeper into where

future infrastructure

investments should be

made, taking into

account the areas that

are flooded due heavy

rain events, storm surge,

and future sea level rise

projections.

Integrating Climate

Change and Water

Supply Planning in

Southeast Florida,

Southeast Florida

Compact

Silicon Valley 2.0 –

Climate Preparedness

Gap Analysis

Activity 310,

430, and 450

”Regulating

development in

the floodplain

and watershed”

Activity 520 and

530 “Protecting

flood-prone

buildings in

place and

addressing

repetitively

flooded

properties”

8. Historic

Preservation

The Borough has

decided to remove the

entirety of the Historic

Preservation Element.

When historic sites

were discussed in terms

Annapolis, Maryland

Cultural Resources

Hazard Mitigation Plan

Activity 530 “

Protecting Flood

prone buildings

in place”


42 | P a g e

of critical assets, the

Borough did not believe

they have any in town

and the 2 listed on the

NJDEP website are not

known to the town. This

is an area that needs

more clarification.

9. Recycling N/A N/A

10.

Economic/Business

Development

The Plan recommends the Borough

investigate how to diversify their

economic base to expand beyond

summer tourism and therefore

allow for more offseason events

and festivals.

The Borough should

consider additional

language in this element

that illustrates business’

vulnerability to storm

surge and sea level rise

not only due to their

location but by

sector/business type.

For example, supply

chain disruption,

business continuity after

a storm event, etc.

Understanding the

Economic

Development

Opportunity and

Impact of Climate

Change, Rhode Island

Commerce

Corporation

Activity 520 and

530 “Protecting

flood-prone

buildings in

place and

addressing

repetitively

flooded

properties”

11. Master Plan

Consistency

It is required under the

MLUL that municipal

Master Plans be

consistent with the

plans of neighboring

towns, the County, and

the State Plan. While it

is not required, it is

generally recommended

by Hazard Mitigation

and Climate Resilience

practitioners that Master

Plans also aim for

consistency with

County HMPs.

Ocean County Hazard

Mitigation Plan

Inclusion in the Ocean County HMP The Borough participated in the County HMP process and does not have its own municipal plan. The County

HMP does list climate change hazards for each municipality, including Lavallette, and can be referenced by the

town in future land use and infrastructure decisions.

Plan Resilience Included Gaps/Recommendations Examples/Models

(where available)

Associated CRS

Activity

Ocean County

HMP

The County HMP called for

Lavallette to utilize the following

mitigation actions:

Complete beach replenishment

project

Continue to enforce building

codes

Continue to participate in the

NFIP

Coordinate with USACE for

beach replenishment issues

Lavallette was not listed

for the following

mitigation actions but

may benefit from them:

Decrease

impervious surface

Maintain and

improve dunes

(This will need to

be addressed if

beach public access

Rutgers School of

Environmental and

Biological Sciences

(SEBS) has many

examples of impervious

cover assessments

Miami Beach Coastal

Dune Management

Program

Activity 310, 430,

and 450

”Regulating

development in

the floodplain and

watershed”


43 | P a g e

Elevate community

facilities/infrastructure

Elevate residential properties

Join, maintain and/or increase

rating for CRS Program

Maintain, improve, or expand

education and awareness

programs

locations are

improved or added

by way of wooden

board walk overs

over the dunes.)

Maintain dune

ordinance (This

may need to be

addressed along

with above action.)

Flood Plain Management Plan Plan Resilience Included Gaps/Recommendations Examples/Models

(where available)

Associated CRS

Activity

Flood Plain

Management

Plan

N/A The municipality

currently does not have

a FMP.

Brick, NJ Flood Plain

Management Plan

Activity 240

“Develop new

maps and data”

Activity 310, 430,

and 450

”Regulating

development in

the floodplain and

watershed”

Activity 402 and

510 “Protecting

natural floodplain

functions”

Public Access Plan Plan Resilience Included Gaps/Recommendations Examples/Models

(where available)

Associated CRS

Activity

Public Access

Plan

The Borough has an inventory of

public access locations and is

interested in drafting a report.

It is recommended that

any future PAP use this

assessment to take into

account areas vulnerable

to storm surge impacts

and projected future sea

level rise, as this is

likely to impact

bayfronts and ocean

access sites currently

accessible to and

frequently used by

residents and also by

visitors, particularly

with dune

replenishment.

Stone Harbor, NJ

Municipal Public

Access Plan

Activity 240

“Develop new

maps and data”

Activity 310, 430,

and 450

”Regulating

development in

the floodplain and

watershed”


44 | P a g e

Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) Plan Resilience Included Gaps/Recommendations Examples/Models

(where available)

Associated CRS

Activity

Capital

Improvement

Plan

The capital budget and CIP are

included in the Borough’s annual

budget.

No information on if and

how the potential

vulnerability of the

infrastructure is

provided in the CIP and

this may be done prior to

projects and

expenditures being

added to the CIP. If the

vulnerability to storm

surge and future

projected sea level rise

is not included in the

planning process, it is

recommended that this

occur.

City of Boynton Beach

Climate Action Plan

(Capital Planning)

Activity 240

“Develop new

maps and data”

Economic Development Plan

Exists as an element of the Master Plan (above).

Elevation Ordinance Plan Resilience Included Gaps/Recommendations Examples/Models

(where available)

Associated CRS

Activity

Elevation

Ordinance

After Hurricane Sandy, the

Borough zoning ordinance was

amended to incorporate the most

recent post-Sandy Special Flood

Hazard Area data prepared by

FEMA). The zoning ordinance

was also amended to require

homes that sustained damages

amounting to more than 50% of

the assessed value of the

structure to be reconstructed at

least one foot above the

minimum BFE as established by

FEMA. All Oceanfront and

Bayfront residences are located

in Residential Zoning District A

or B and in FEMA’s V or A

Flood Hazard Areas.

Compliance with the most

current FEMA Special Flood

Hazard Area and coastal

construction regulations shall be

of the utmost importance to

increase Lavallette’s resiliency

and reduce the cost of flood

insurance for the residents of

Lavallette.

This ordinance could be

enhanced to allow for and

encourage the use of

permeable materials to be

used for parking areas as

well as encouraging some of

the parking space to remain

unpaved – both of which

will assist in the managing

of stormwater.

Activity 310, 430,

and 450

”Regulating

development in

the floodplain and

watershed”


45 | P a g e

Other Ordinances Plan Resilience Included Gaps/Recommendations Examples/Models

(where available)

Associated CRS

Activity

Chapter 44:

Oceanfront

Construction

The Plan recommends that

oceanfront construction

ordinances be amended to

reference FEMA’s Coastal

Construction Manual.

Language, mapping, and

data could be added to

illustrate future areas of

likely inundation based on

future sea level rise

projections per this

assessment.

Activity 240

“Develop new

maps and data”

Chapter 90:

Zoning

It is recommended to allow

eight additional feet of the

design flood elevation for a

garage to park underneath a

home.

This ordinance could be

enhanced to allow for and

encourage the use of

permeable materials to be

used for parking areas as

well as encouraging some of

the parking space to remain

unpaved – both of which

will assist in the managing

of stormwater.

Activity 310, 430,

and 450

”Regulating

development in

the floodplain and

watershed”


46 | P a g e

Figures, Tables, and Maps……………………………Page Number

Figure 1: Range of Sea Level Rise Estimates…………….4

Figure 2: All Critical Community Assets, Lavallette Borough……20

Table 1: Local Planning Document Resilience Review for the 2 Communities………….31

Table 2: Shared HMP Recommendations and Gaps for the 2 Communities………33

Table 3: Summary of Regional Resilience Actions…….34

Map 1. Lavallette Borough, NJ Basemap………18

Map 2. Lavallette Borough Development Intensity………………….19

Map 3: All Critical Community Assets, Lavallette Borough…………….21

Map 4: Community Resources with Future Projected Sea Level Rise 1-3 Feet……..22

Map 5: Community Resources and Category 1 Storm Surge Inundation…………….22

Map 6: Community Resources and Category 2 Storm Surge Inundation…..23

Map 7: Community Resources and Category 3 Storm Surge Inundation…………..23

Map 8: Critical Facilities and Infrastructure with Future Projected Sea Level Rise 1-3 Feet……24

Map 9: Critical Facilities and Infrastructure and Category 1 Storm Surge Inundation ………….24

Map 10: Critical Facilities and Infrastructure and Category 2 Storm Surge Inundation …25

Map 11: Critical Facilities and Infrastructure and Category 3 Storm Surge Inundation ….25

Map 12: Natural Areas and Ecosystems with Future Projected Sea Level Rise 1-3 Feet……26

Map 13: Natural Areas and Ecosystems and Category 1 Storm Surge Inundation…27

Map 14: Natural Areas and Ecosystems and Category 2 Storm Surge Inundation ……………..27

Map 15: Natural Areas and Ecosystems and Category 3 Storm Surge Inundation ………..28

Map 16: Vulnerable Sites and Populations with Future Projected Sea Level Rise 1-3 Feet ….28

Map 17: Vulnerable Sites and Populations and Category 1 Storm Surge Inundation Borough……………..29

Map 18: Vulnerable Sites and Populations and Category 2 Storm Surge Inundation …30

Map 19: Vulnerable Sites and Populations and Category 3 Storm Surge Inundation …30

Documents

Coastal Vulnerability Assessment Project Report Lavallette