The CitySchool Gulistan e Johar Campus

Special Test 9thOLevel

Name: ___________________ Sec: _______ Subject:Biology 1.A dish is filled with agar jelly containing starch. Four holes are cut in the jelly and each hole is filled as shown.

2.. The diagram shows a plant cell.

In which labelled part of the cell is sugar made?

3. Which of these tissues is not part of the organ with which it is paired?

4. The diagram shows a specialised cell.

For which function is the cell adapted? A absorption of water B contraction of muscles C movement of dust particles D transport of oxygen 5. The diagram represents two liquids, separated by a membrane through which osmosis can occur.

What movement of molecules will occur? A Molecules of dissolved substance move from left to right. B Molecules of dissolved substance move from right to left. C Overall, water molecules move from left to right. D Overall, water molecules move from right to left. 6. Which cells line the trachea?

7. Which diagram shows the appearance of a plant cell several minutes after it has been placed in a concentrated solution of sugar?

8. Four foods were tested for each of the following nutrients:

fat (using ethanol); protein (using the biuret test); reducing sugar (using Benedict’s solution), Which food contains protein and fat?

9. In which order does water pass through these tissues in a plant?

A mesophyll → xylem → root cortex B root cortex → mesophyll → xylem C root cortex → xylem → mesophyll D xylem → mesophyll → root cortex

10. The diagram shows the circulatory system of a mammal.

What describes the blood in vessels X and Y?

11. The diagram shows a section through an alveolus and a capillary.

Why does carbon dioxide move from X to Y? A Air has a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than blood. B Carbon dioxide moves more freely in air than in blood. C Carbon dioxide must replace oxygen. D Diffusion of carbon dioxide can only be out of the blood.

12. The diagram shows some structures in the human neck and thorax.

The lining of tube Q has cilia.

What is an important function of the cilia? A to help in the exchange of gases B to increase the internal surface area of tube Q C to moisten the air entering and leaving the lungs D to move mucus towards the throat

13. A plant has leaves that are green in the centre but white around the edges. The plant is destarched and then has one of its leaves partly covered with black paper on both sides of the leaf, as shown.

14. The diagram shows a liver cell.

Which structure is found in a palisade cell that is not present in this liver cell? A cell membrane B chloroplast C cytoplasm D nucleus

15. Which structures must be present in a cell for osmosis to take place?

A cell (sap) vacuole and cell wall B cell wall and cell membrane C chloroplast and cytoplasm D cytoplasm and cell membrane

16. Which chemical reaction takes place in the stomach? A Proteins are digested by protease.

B Proteins are digested into fatty acids. C Starch is digested into amino acids. D Starch is digested by lipase. 17. A person has bleeding gums. This could be caused by a lack of which nutrient? A calcium B iron C vitamin C D vitamin D 18. What describes the upper cuticle of a leaf?

A a single layer of cells containing many chloroplasts

B a single layer of transparent cells allowing light to enter the leaf

C a thin non-cellularlayer preventing water loss from the leaf

D a permeablelayer allowing water to enter the leaf

19. The diagram shows a section through a leaf.

Which cell type absorbs the most

A

B

C

D 20. What are the basic units from which glycogen is A amino acids B fatty acids C glucose D glycerol

Proteins are digested into fatty acids. Starch is digested into amino acids. Starch is digested by lipase.

A person has bleeding gums. This could be caused by a lack of which nutrient?

What describes the upper cuticle of a leaf?

a single layer of cells containing many chloroplasts

of transparent cells allowing light to enter the leaf

cellularlayer preventing water loss from the leaf

a permeablelayer allowing water to enter the leaf

The diagram shows a section through a leaf.

Which cell type absorbs the most carbon dioxide during the day?

What are the basic units from which glycogen is synthesized?

21. What isa difference between plasma and tissue fluid?

Plasma tissue fluid

A

B

C

D

less dissolved glucose

dissolved glucose

more protein molecules

no white blood cells

more dissolved glucose

no dissolved glucose

fewer protein molecules

white blood cells

22. In an experiment to investigate transpiration, the leaves of four identical shoots are treated as follows. 1 upper surfaces covered with waterproof jelly 2 lower surfaces covered with waterproof jelly 3 upper and lower surfaces covered with waterproof jelly 4 untreated The graph shows the water lost by the four shoots. Which line shows the result for shoot 4?

23. Which of the following environmental conditions would cause rapid transpiration?

Air Light Temperature

A

B

C

D

damp

damp

dry

dry

Bright

dim

bright

dim

Cold

Warm

Warm

cold

24. Which is an example of active transport? A movement of glucose into the cells of the villi B movement of glucose molecules down a concentration gradient C movement of ions in blood plasma D movement of water in the transpiration stream 25. The diagram shows some liver cells as they appear under the microscope.

How many cell walls can be seen? A 0 B 2 C 3 D 5 26. Which row shows the structures present in plant and animal cells?

27. Which structure is at a different level of organization from the other three? A kidney B liver C neurone D testis 28. What is defined as the chemical reactions that break down food molecules in cells to release

energy? A excretion B movement

C nutrition D respiration 29. Which diagram shows one organ only?

30. Which solutions are used for testing for protein, reducing sugar and starch?

31. On a dry, sunny day, how does water vapour move through the stomata of a leaf? A into the leaf by diffusion B into the leaf by osmosis C out of the leaf by diffusion D out of the leaf by osmosis 32. A protease is added to a suspension of egg protein in a test-tube and kept at 37 °C. After 8 minutes, the protein changes from cloudy to transparent. Which product, or products, will now be present in the test-tube? A amino acids B a simple sugar C fatty acids and glycerol D water 33. Which condition can sometimes be prevented by eating plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables? A bleeding gums B brittle bones C diabetes D soft bones

34. The table shows some of the features of respiration. Which row is correct for anaerobic respiration?

35. The diagram shows a villus.

After a meal containing starch and oil, which substances are absorbed mainly into vessel X and which substances are absorbed mainly into vessel Y?

36. Only two of the following statements accurately describe what happens in the mouth. 1 Amylase breaks down large starch molecules into smaller maltose molecules. 2 Chewing increases the surface area of food for digestion. 3 Saliva emulsifies fats into smaller droplets.

4 Teeth break up large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules. Which statements are correct? A 1 and 2 B 2 and 3 C 3 and 4 D 1 and 4 37. The diagram shows a root hair absorbing ions from the surrounding soil.

What will assist the uptake of ions by the root hair? A a higher concentration of ions in the root hair than in the soil B a low temperature in the surrounding soil C rapid uptake of water from the soil by osmosis D the large surface area of the root hair 38. Which description correctly applies to blood in the pulmonary circulation?

39. Which feature of alveoli decreases the distance over which oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules

diffuse? A Each alveolus has a large blood supply. B Each alveolus is only 0.1-0.2 mm in diameter. C There are approximately 150 million alveoli in each lung. D The walls of the alveoli are only one cell thick.

40. The diagram shows the liver and its blood supply.

Section A

Answer all questions in this section. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

Q1 Fig shows the digestion , absorption and assimilation of a chemical ( B). It also shows the

formation of its waste product, chemical F.

(a) Name chemical B .............................................................................. enzyme C ............................................................................... chemical D ............................................................................. carbohydrate E ...................................................................... chemical F ............................................................................. [5]

(b) (i) Describe what happens to carbohydrate E before it can be used in metabolic reactions in body cells. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Name the process in which the product of carbohydrate E is used within a body cell. process ........................................................................... [1]

(iii) Describe how different types of body cells and tissues make use of this process. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [4]

[Total: 12]

2 (a) Explain what is meant by the term double circulation. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [4]

(b) Explain how the heart is adapted to keep blood flowing in a double circulation. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [6]

[Total: 10]

Q3(a) Describe

(i) Chlorophyll …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(ii) a chloroplast …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [4]

(b) Describe and explain how ;

(i) temperature

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) light intensity

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… affect the rate of photosynthesis. [6]

[Total: 10]

Q4 Fig. 1.1 shows a plant at 08.00 hours and Fig. 1.2 shows the same plant at 18.00 hours on

the same

(a) Name the condition shown by the plant in Fig. 1.2. .................................................................... [1]

(b) (i) State two environmental conditions that may have led to the change in appearance of the plant.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

2. ................................................................................................................................................

[2]

(ii) Explain how environmental conditions have brought about this change.

.................................................................................................................................................

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.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

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[4]

(c) In the space below, draw and label guard cells and stomata as they would appear in the leaves of the plant in Fig. 1.1 and in Fig. 1.2. in Fig. 1.1 in Fig. 1.2 [3] [Total: 10]

Q5 (a) Fig. 5.1 shows the effect of temperature on the activity of enzyme E.

(i) State the optimum temperature for enzyme E. ................. [1]

(ii) Suggest a possible identity for enzyme E, where it is found, and its function.

identity of enzyme E ......................................................................................................................

where it is found .............................................................................................................................

function ...........................................................................................................................................

[3]

(b) Fig. 5.2 shows the effect of temperature on the activity of another enzyme, F.

State and explain what would happen to the activity of enzyme E at the optimum temperature for enzyme F. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [4] [Total: 8]

Section B Answer all questions in this section.

Write your answers in the spaces provided.

Q6 Fig. 3.1 shows a small, deep-rooted bush growing in a warm, dry climate. Branches B

and C have a similar number of leaves, but the leaves of branch B are enclosed in a transparent

polythene bag that empties into a container.

(a) State two environmental factors responsible for the water loss during the day by branch C. For each factor, explain how it affects water loss. factor 1. ........................................................... explanation .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... factor 2. ........................................................... explanation .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[5]

(b) Explain how the volume of water lost from branch B is at first greater, then less than that lost

from branch C. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) Suggest why, even for certain plants that are poisonous to humans, the container in Fig. 3.1 can supply travellers with safe drinking water. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[3] [Total: 10]

Q7 In Fig. 3.1, the line drawn represents the cell membrane of a plant cell.

(a) On Fig. 3.1 draw, name and label (i) a structure that gives the cell its rigid shape, (ii) a structure that contains chromosomes, (iii) a structure that contains varying amounts of water, ions and sugars. [3] (b) List three structural changes that must occur in young, unmodified plant cells as they

develop into xylem tissue. 1 ....................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................... 3 .................................................................................................................................. [3]

(c) A small, leafy branch is cut from a tree. After some hours, the stem of the branch remains firm but the leaves become limp. Suggest an explanation for this. stem remains firm ............................................................................................................ .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... leaves become limp ......................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [4] [10]

Section C Answer one question from this section.

Write your answers in the spaces provided.

Q8 Describe each of the following processes:

( i ) active transport ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………[4]

(ii) osmosis

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….[3]

(b) Explain what happens to a red blood cell when it is placed in pure water.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

[3]

[Total: 10]

Q9 Table 2.1 shows the volume of blood supplied to parts of the body at rest and during strenuous

exercise.

(a) (i) Calculate the volume of blood that is supplied to the brain at rest as a percentage of the total supplied to the whole body. Show your working in the space below. ...................................................... % [2]

(ii)Name the blood vessels that supply each kidney with blood. ............................................................ [1]

(iii)Using the information in Table 2.1, calculate the volume of blood supplied to the kidneys

during strenuous exercise.

Write your answer in the space provided in Table 2.1. [1]

(b) Use the information in Table 2.1 to name two parts of the body that have an increased supply of blood during strenuous exercise. Explain the advantage to the body of increasing the supply of blood to each of the parts you name. name of part ......................................................... advantage .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... name of part ......................................................... advantage .............................................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [4] (c) Using the information in Table 2.1, suggest why eating immediately before exercise is not

recommended. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] [Total: 10]